Blowout prevention oil drainage device and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a blowout prevention oil drainage device and a test method thereof. A blasting type short circuit is mounted at one end of an oil well pump; the impact blowout prevention oil drainage tool is mounted at the other end of the oil well pump; a first oil drainage hole is formed in the side wall of the blasting type pup joint first main body, and a first pressing cap and a blasting piece are arranged in the first oil drainage hole; the second impact blowout prevention oil drainage tool body is provided with a through hole, a basket is arranged in the through hole, one end of the basket is connected with a guide head, and the other end of the basket is connected with a blowout prevention bottom valve. The guide head is slidably mounted in the through hole of the second main body; a second oil drainage hole is formed in the side wall of the second body, a second pressing cap is installed in the second oil drainage hole, a connecting hole is formed in the side wall of the cubeba, an oil drainage element is arranged at the end of the second pressing cap, and the oil drainage element extends into the connecting hole of the cubeba. The blasting type pup joint and the impact blowout prevention oil drainage tool are installed at the two ends of the oil well pump respectively, and therefore the problem that oil drainage cannot be achieved under the condition that a sucker rod breaks off or the pump is stuck is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation, and in particular relates to an oil spill prevention device and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The sucker rod breaks, the pump barrel is clogged, and the oil drain channel cannot be opened in the heavy oil well. There is a risk of blowout when pulling up and down the sucker rod and oil pipe in the gas-bearing well. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas in the well is high, which is highly corrosive to downhole tools. Due to the high pressure in deep wells, the oil drain valve is difficult to open or has the potential risk of opening prematurely, resulting in low working reliability and poor stability of the existing ordinary oil drain valve in deep wells. The original installation method is to install the oil drainer on the fixed valve under the pump (to facilitate the pump collision operation). This installation method is to open the oil drain by throwing the rod to hit it. When encountering the above working conditions, throwing the rod cannot be achieved.

[0003] The patent application with the patent publication number CN207245673U and the name of the hydraulic pressure oil drainer discloses a hydraulic pressure oil drainer, including an oil drain valve body, the upper end of which is connected to the oil production pipe column, and the lower end of which is connected to the oil pump; the outer surface of the oil drain valve body is processed with an oil drain hole connected to the valve cavity, a sealing gasket is arranged in the oil drain hole, a positive arch bursting disc is arranged on the outer side of the sealing gasket, and a clamping device for clamping the positive arch bursting disc is arranged between the positive arch bursting disc and the oil drain hole. Although this patent can drain the crude oil in the oil pipe into the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing when the oil production pipe column and the oil pump are in operation, the oil drain in this patent application is integrated, and cannot solve the problem of being unable to drain oil when the sucker rod is broken or the pump is stuck. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil blowout prevention device and a test method thereof, which solves the problem of being unable to drain oil when the sucker rod is broken or the pump is stuck by splitting the dual-function tool into two parts: an explosive short-circuit and an impact oil drainer.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An oil spill prevention device, comprising:

[0007] An explosive short circuit, which is installed at one end of the oil well pump;

[0008] An impact blowout prevention tool, wherein the impact blowout prevention tool is installed at the other end of the oil well pump;

[0009] The explosive short circuit comprises a first main body, a first oil drain hole is formed on the side wall of the first main body, a first pressure cap and a bursting disc are arranged in the first oil drain hole, and the first pressure cap presses the bursting disc into the first oil drain hole;

[0010] The impact anti-blowout oil leakage tool includes a second main body, the second main body has a through hole, a blue is arranged in the through hole of the second main body, one end of the blue is connected to a guide head, and the other end is connected to an anti-blowout bottom valve; the guide head is slidably installed in the through hole of the second main body; a second oil leakage hole is opened on the side wall of the second main body, a second pressure cap is installed in the second oil leakage hole, a connecting hole is opened on the side wall of the blue, an oil leakage cap is arranged on the end of the second pressure cap, and the oil leakage cap extends into the connecting hole of the blue.

[0011] Optionally, a retaining spring is provided on the side of the guide head, and a retaining groove matching the retaining spring is provided in the second body, and the retaining spring can fix and lock the guide head.

[0012] Optionally, a coupling collar is sleeved on the outer wall of the second body.

[0013] Optionally, a mounting hole is provided at the end of the blue near the anti-blowout bottom valve, the anti-blowout bottom valve is provided with a mounting through hole, a bolt is provided in the mounting hole, one end of the bolt is inserted into the mounting through hole of the anti-blowout bottom valve, and the other end is provided with a nut, a spring is sleeved on the bolt, one end of the spring is connected to the nut, and the other end is connected to the end of the blue.

[0014] Optionally, the nuts, springs, bolts, blue and blowout-proof bottom valve are all made of stainless steel.

[0015] Optionally, the bolt sleeve is provided with a washer, and the washer is arranged between the end of the blue valve and the bottom valve.

[0016] Optionally, the bursting disc is made of a copper alloy that has been subjected to coating treatment.

[0017] Optionally, the diameter between the first oil drain hole and the second oil drain hole is 20-25 mm.

[0018] Optionally, the first body and the second body are both made of 35GrMo alloy structural steel.

[0019] The test method of the oil spill prevention device comprises the following steps:

[0020] Install the explosive short-circuit and impact blowout prevention tools and conduct pressure testing;

[0021] Lift the rod column, quickly lower the impact blowout prevention tool under pressure, the pump truck annulus pressurizes the oil pipe to discharge liquid, open the blowout prevention bottom valve, adjust the anti-impact distance, connect the rod sealing device, the traveling block test pumping is normal, and the column pressure is greater than or equal to 10MPa / 10min, which is qualified;

[0022] The traveling block was tested for pumping, with the pressure held at 10MPa and maintained at a constant pressure for 10 minutes without dropping.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The existing anti-blowout and oil leakage device is an integrated tool, which cannot play the role of oil leakage in the case of a sucker rod breakage. The present invention is based on the optimization of the previous integrated tool, and the dual-function tool is divided into two parts: an explosive short-circuit and an impact-type oil leaker. The previous integrated tool installed both the explosive and impact oil leakage methods on the main body, and installed between the oil pump and the fixed valve. In the case of a sucker rod breakage or a stuck pump, oil leakage cannot be achieved. The present invention installs the explosive short-circuit and the impact anti-blowout and oil leakage tools at both ends of the oil pump respectively, which can solve the problem of being unable to drain oil when the sucker rod breaks or the pump is stuck.

[0025] The invention discloses an anti-blowout oil leakage device and its test method, which solves the problem of dirty oil contaminating the well site during well repair operations, and the tool is suitable for use in all oil pumping wells. After the tool is installed, it prevents the oil and gas in the oil pipe from overflowing and spraying out during the process of lowering the pumping rod and the oil pipe, and plays a good anti-blowout role. Under the spring tension operation, the anti-blowout bottom valve of the invention is always in a sealed state with the contact surface of the tool body, thereby ensuring that the oil and gas in the well will not rise when the pipe string is lowered.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention can adopt two opening methods, namely, impact and blasting, according to different working conditions in the well, so that the oil drain hole is unobstructed, and has a simple structure, easy operation, and high reliability, which can maximize the smooth opening of the oil drain hole and open the oil pipe and casing channel. The present invention can work normally when the sucker rod is broken. The present invention is used in conjunction with the oil pipe inner wall cleaning tool to achieve high-speed and efficient environmentally friendly cleaning of the oil pipe inner wall.

[0027] Furthermore, the nuts, springs, bolts, blue and anti-blowout bottom valve of the present invention are all made of stainless steel, which has anti-scaling and anti-corrosion effects.

[0028] Furthermore, the oil drain hole of the present invention has a diameter between 20 and 25 mm, which ensures that the oil and wax in the oil pipe can be quickly discharged, and prevents the descending oil, wax and dirt from clogging the oil drain hole again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings described herein are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only for illustration purposes to help understand the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is the overall device diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of blasting short circuit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impact anti-spray oil unloading tool of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a blue schematic diagram;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a blue cross-section diagram;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a blue side view.

[0036] Among them, 101-blasting short circuit, 102-oil pump, 103-impact anti-blowout oil unloading tool, 1-coupling, 2-guide head, 3-circlip, 4-blue, 41-mounting hole, 42-oil inlet hole, 43-long hole, 51-first main body, 52-second main body, 61-first pressure cap, 62-second pressure cap, 7-bursting disc, 8-nut, 9-spring, 10-bolt, 11-washer, 12-anti-blowout bottom valve, 14-oil leakage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an oil spill prevention device and a test method thereof of the present invention.

[0042] A blowout prevention device comprises an explosive short-circuit 101 and an impact blowout prevention tool 103, wherein the explosive short-circuit 101 is installed upstream of a pump 102, and the impact blowout prevention tool 103 is installed downstream of the pump 102, and the other end of the impact blowout prevention tool 103 is connected to a fixed valve, which is a one-way valve.

[0043] The explosive short circuit 101 comprises a first main body 51, a first oil drain hole is provided on the side wall of the first main body 51, a first pressing cap 61 and a bursting disc 7 are arranged in the first oil drain hole, and the first pressing cap 61 presses the bursting disc 7 into the first oil drain hole. The first oil drain hole is a blind hole. Specifically, the bursting disc 7 is disc-shaped.

[0044] The impact blowout prevention and oil leakage tool 103 includes a second body 52, the second body 52 has a through hole, a blue valve 4 is arranged in the through hole of the second body 52, one end of the blue valve 4 is connected to the guide head 2, and the other end is connected to the bottom valve 12; the guide head 2 is slidably installed in the through hole of the second body 52; a second oil leakage hole is opened on the side wall of the second body 52, and a second pressure cap 62 is installed in the second oil leakage hole, a connecting hole is opened on the side wall of the blue valve 4, and an oil leakage cap 14 is arranged at the end of the second pressure cap 62, and the oil leakage cap 14 extends into the connecting hole of the blue valve 4. The oil leakage cap 14 can leak oil, which can solve the problem of low working reliability and poor stability in deep pumping wells. The second pressure cap 62 can press the oil leakage cap 14. The first pressure cap 61 and the first oil leakage hole, and the second pressure cap 62 and the second oil leakage hole are both connected by threads.

[0045] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the middle of the blue 4 has a long hole 43, which can allow liquid to enter and avoid the oil leakage 14, so as to avoid the oil leakage 14 being broken when descending and causing premature oil leakage and failure of production. The bottom of the blue 4 has four oil inlet holes 42 for entering liquid.

[0046] The outer wall of the second body 52 is sleeved with a coupling 1. The upper and lower sections of the second body 52 both have external connection threads, and the upper and lower sections of the coupling 1 both have internal connection threads. The second body 52 is threadedly connected with the internal connection threads of the upper section of the coupling 1 by the external connection threads of the lower section of the second body 52. ​​A retaining spring 3 is arranged on the side of the guide head 2. The guide head 2 can slide in the second body 52. ​​A retaining groove matching the retaining spring 3 is arranged in the second body 52. ​​The retaining spring 3 can fix and lock the guide head 2. A retaining groove is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the second body 52 close to the coupling 1. The retaining groove includes a first retaining groove and a second retaining groove, wherein the first retaining groove is closer to the coupling 1 than the second retaining groove. The first retaining groove and the second retaining groove both match the retaining spring 3. The blue 4 includes two mutually connected first and second cylinders. The diameter of the first cylinder is larger than that of the second cylinder and the axial length is smaller than that of the second cylinder. The connection between the first cylinder and the second cylinder has a taper.

[0047] The end of the blue 4 near the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 is provided with a mounting hole 41, and a bolt 10 is provided in the mounting hole 41 of the blue. The anti-blowout bottom valve 12 is provided with a mounting through hole, one end of the bolt 10 is inserted into the mounting through hole of the anti-blowout bottom valve 12, and the other end is provided with a nut 8. A spring 9 is sleeved on the bolt 10, one end of the spring 9 is connected to the nut 8, and the other end is connected to the end of the blue 4, and the nut 8 adjusts the elastic force of the spring 9 by rotation. The bolt 10 is provided with a washer 11, and the washer 11 is arranged between the end of the blue 4 and the bottom valve 12. Preferably, the nut 8, spring 9, bolt 10, blue 4, washer 11 and anti-blowout bottom valve 12 are all made of 304 stainless steel, which can play an anti-corrosion effect. Preferably, the materials of the first main body 51 and the second main body 52 are both 35GrMo alloy structural steel, which can meet the tension and pressure when used at 3500 meters underground. The material of the explosive short circuit 101 is a copper alloy that has been plated, so it is easy to open to drain oil and is corrosion-resistant.

[0048] The anti-spray oil unloading device of the present invention comprises the following steps when in use:

[0049] The pipe string, that is, all the oil pipes and anti-blowout unloading devices lowered into the well, when the pipe string descends, the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 is in a closed state, the gas and liquid in the well cannot enter the oil pipe, and the device plays a role in preventing blowout. After the plunger enters the pump barrel, the large hook of the operating machine applies a certain pressure to the sucker rod. At this time, the guide head 2 bears the downward pressure of the plunger, so that the retaining spring 3 is disengaged from the first groove, the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 moves down, and the annular space liquid enters the oil pipe along the gap between the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 and the second body 52. ​​Continue to press down, the guide head 2 moves down, driving the blue 4 downward, the retaining spring 3 enters the second groove and locks, the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 descends 7.5cm and is in a fully open state, the fluid enters the pump barrel through the four oil inlets of the blue 4 and the long strip hole of the sliding sleeve body, and the normal pumping operation begins.

[0050] The impact oil leakage mode is: impact opening. When the pumping well is repaired, the downhole sucker rod is pulled out, and an impact rod with a length of more than 4 meters and a diameter of 19mm-21mm is inserted into the sucker rod mouth. The impact rod hits the oil leakage 14 under the action of gravity acceleration. The oil leakage 14 is broken under the action of gravity, and the liquid in the sucker rod flows out along the anti-blowout bottom valve 12 to achieve the purpose of oil leakage.

[0051] The blasting oil unloading method is: during the well repair operation, when the oil leakage valve 14 cannot be broken by the impact method, the purpose of oil leakage cannot be achieved. At this time, the surface pump is used to hold the pressure to open the oil leakage hole to achieve oil leakage. Use a pump truck to inject well killing fluid into the oil pipe, and when the pump pressure is increased to more than 30MPa, for example: blasting pressure = liquid column pressure in the pipe - sinking pressure + pump truck pressure, the bursting disc 7 can withstand a pressure of 30MPa, and the upper limit of the pressure can be adjusted according to demand. When the pressure exceeds the pressure bearing capacity of the bursting disc 7, it will rupture, and the liquid in the oil pipe will flow out along the blasting hole, and the oil pipe will be lifted to achieve the purpose of oil leakage.

[0052] s1 Installation: The impact anti-blowout oil unloading tool 103 is installed between the oil pump 102 and the fixed valve, and the blasting short circuit 101 is installed at two oil pipes on the oil pump 102.

[0053] S2 forward pressure test: After every 30 oil pipes are put down, the pipe string is pressure tested at 10MPa / 3min using a cement truck, and the pressure does not drop.

[0054] S3 back-hit pressure test: After the oil pipe is hung, the cement truck back-hit the annulus at 10MPa without any liquid coming out of the oil pipe, there is no leakage in the formation, and the blasting short-circuit 101 seal is qualified.

[0055] s4 opens the blowout prevention bottom valve 12: lift the rod column 8m, use the large hook of the operating machine to quickly lower it, apply 1 ton of pressure to impact the blowout prevention oil unloading tool 103, the pump truck annulus back-pressurizes 3.6MPa oil pipe to discharge liquid, the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 is opened, the anti-impact distance is adjusted to 1.5m, the bare rod sealing device is connected, the traveling block test pumping is normal, and the pipe column pressure holding is qualified at 10MPa / 10min.

[0056] s5 Test pumping: Test pumping with traveling block, hold the pressure at 10MPa, keep the pressure steady for 10min without dropping, it means the test pumping liquid is not interrupted, it proves the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 is open, open the blowout prevention bottom valve 12, the test is passed.

[0057] The S6 tool has been running on site for 3 months and has been able to produce stably under various well conditions, completing the field test.

[0058] This test method divides the tool integrated structure into two structures, the blasting short circuit 101 and the impact anti-blowout and oil leakage tool 103. By installing the blasting short circuit 101 on the pump, the problem of being unable to drain oil when the sucker rod is broken or the pump is stuck is solved.

[0059] In order to test whether the designed blowout prevention tools meet the requirements of deep pumping, large load difference, hydrogen sulfide well conditions, stable performance, convenient operation, etc., indoor tests such as tension, extrusion, corrosion, and assembly are carried out to evaluate the tool performance. Reference standards include:

[0060] GB / T 15970.1-2018 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Stress corrosion testing - Part 1: General principles of test methods;

[0061] GB / T 6400-2007 Shear test method for metal materials, wires and rivets;

[0062] GB / T 8650-2006 Evaluation method for resistance of pipeline steel and pressure vessel steel to hydrogen induced cracking;

[0063] GB / T 4334-2020 Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for intergranular corrosion of austenite and ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel;

[0064] GB / T 17897-2016 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Test method for pitting corrosion of stainless steel by ferric chloride;

[0065] GB / T 13671-1992 Electrochemical test method for crevice corrosion of stainless steel;

[0066] GB / T 4157-2006 Laboratory test for resistance of metals to special forms of environmental cracking in hydrogen sulfide environments;

[0067] GB / T 15248-2008 Axial constant amplitude low cycle fatigue test method for metallic materials.

[0068] The constant tensile stress corrosion test is as follows:

[0069] Experimental steps: Immerse the specimen under constant tensile force in a 3.5% aqueous solution of sodium chloride that has been acidified and saturated with hydrogen sulfide for 218 hours. It is qualified if there is no breakage.

[0070] Test equipment: corrosion testing machine.

[0071] Experimental purpose: To test the stress corrosion resistance of Blue 4.

[0072] The test results are shown in Table 1 below, and the results show that 4 has good corrosion resistance.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Plugging pipe end water pressure to failure test

[0077] Main steps of the experiment: Test at 45Mpa, bursting disc 7 ruptures to achieve pressure relief. The bursting pressure is qualified within ±2Mpa. Number of experimental groups: 3 groups.

[0078] Experimental purpose: To test the designed bursting pressure of bursting disc 7.

[0079] Tensile to failure test

[0080] The main steps of the experiment are: clamp the sample on the fatigue testing machine, start the equipment, apply tension until the sample fails, and record the force value.

[0081] Testing equipment: tensile testing machine.

[0082] Purpose of the experiment: To evaluate the tensile strength of the finished tool.

[0083] External pressure to failure test

[0084] Main steps of the experiment: clamp the sample on the fatigue testing machine, start the equipment, and apply pressure

[0085] Until the sample fails, record the pressure value.

[0086] Test equipment: compression testing machine.

[0087] Experimental purpose: To evaluate the finished product's resistance to external pressure.

[0088] HIC experiment

[0089] Experimental information:

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Note: The solution is a distilled water solution with a mass fraction of 5% sodium chloride and 0.50% glacial acetic acid;

[0093] The main steps of the experiment are: ① prepare the sample; ② place it in the test container; ③ prepare the solution; ④ measure the pH of the initial solution; ⑤ deoxygenate with nitrogen at a rate of 100mL / min / L for two hours; ⑥ pass H2S at a rate of 200mL / min / L for at least 1 hour until the solution is saturated; ⑦ measure the pH value and H2S content of the saturated H2S solution; ⑧ maintain the positive pressure of H2S until the end of the test; ⑨ the pH value of the solution when the test ends; ⑩ the end of the test.

[0094] Experimental equipment: HIC test reactor.

[0095] Purpose of the experiment: To evaluate the ability of bursting disc 7 to resist hydrogen-induced cracking.

[0096] Electrochemical crevice corrosion test

[0097] The main steps of the experiment are: install the sample on the electrochemical corrosion instrument, put it into the corrosion solution of the electrolytic cell, and observe whether there is corrosion with a 20x magnifying glass after the experiment.

[0098] Test equipment: electrochemical corrosion instrument.

[0099] Purpose of the experiment: To evaluate the anti-electrochemical corrosion ability of oil leakage.

[0100]

[0101] Tool function startup and shutdown test

[0102] The main steps of the experiment are: install the assembled oil blowout prevention tool on the hydraulic detection device, apply pressure to the docking lead, drive the blue 4 downward, make the retaining spring 3 slide out of the first slot, enter the second slot to lock, and open the blowout prevention bottom valve 12; install an oil blowout prevention device of the present invention in a pressure test cylinder, reversely pressurize to 30Mpa, hold the pressure for 5 minutes, and the pressure remains unchanged, proving that the blowout prevention function of the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 is intact.

[0103] Experimental purpose: To test the sealing performance of the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 in the closed state.

[0104] Pin shear test

[0105] The main steps of the experiment are as follows: an oil spill prevention device of the present invention is installed on an oil pipe, the oil pipe is filled with a mixture of oil and water, a sucker rod with a diameter of 19 mm and a length of 4 meters is thrown from the oil pipe port, and the oil spill 14 is sheared off by the gravity of the sucker rod falling.

[0106] Experimental purpose: To test whether the oil leakage part 14 can be sheared off under the action of 10Kg gravity.

[0107] The present invention takes a shale oil well as an example. The liquid level in the annulus of the operating well is at the wellhead, and the pressure is 27MPa. The lowering oil pump can only be operated under pressure. The design unit adopts the process of installing a blowout prevention and oil leakage device at the lower end of the oil pump to solve the risk of blowout when the pump is lowered. In order to enable the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 to open smoothly, well killing fluid is injected into the oil pipe when the pump is lowered to maintain the pressure balance between the oil pipe and the annulus. After the pump is lowered into place, the blowout prevention bottom valve 12 opens smoothly and the oil pumping operation starts.

[0108] Unless otherwise specified, the device elements involved in the above embodiments are all conventional device elements, and the structural settings, working modes or control modes involved are all conventional settings, working modes or control modes in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0109] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil spill prevention device, characterized in that: include: An explosive short circuit (101), wherein the explosive short circuit (101) is installed at one end of the oil well pump (102); An impact blowout prevention tool (103) is installed at the other end of the oil pump (102); The explosive short circuit (101) comprises a first main body (51), a first oil drain hole is provided on a side wall of the first main body (51), a first pressing cap (61) and a bursting disc (7) are arranged in the first oil drain hole, and the first pressing cap (61) presses the bursting disc (7) into the first oil drain hole; The impact anti-blowout oil leakage tool (103) comprises a second main body (52), the second main body (52) having a through hole, a blue bottle (4) being arranged in the through hole of the second main body (52), one end of the blue bottle (4) being connected to a guide head (2), and the other end being connected to an anti-blowout bottom valve (12); the guide head (2) being slidably installed in the through hole of the second main body (52); a second oil leakage hole being provided on the side wall of the second main body (52), a second pressure cap (62) being installed in the second oil leakage hole, a connecting hole being provided on the side wall of the blue bottle (4), an oil leakage cap (14) being arranged at the end of the second pressure cap (62), and the oil leakage cap (14) extending into the connecting hole of the blue bottle (4).

2. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining spring (3) is arranged on the side of the guide head (2), and a retaining groove matching the retaining spring (3) is arranged in the second body (52), and the retaining spring (3) can fix and lock the guide head (2).

3. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second main body (52) is sleeved with a coupling collar (1).

4. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the blue bottle (4) close to the anti-blowout valve (12) is provided with a mounting hole (41), the anti-blowout valve (12) is provided with a mounting through hole, a bolt (10) is provided in the mounting hole (41), one end of the bolt (10) is inserted into the mounting through hole of the anti-blowout valve (12), and the other end is provided with a nut (8), a spring (9) is sleeved on the bolt (10), one end of the spring (9) is connected to the nut (8), and the other end is connected to the end of the blue bottle (4).

5. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nut (8), spring (9), bolt (10), blue pipe (4) and anti-blowout bottom valve (12) are all made of stainless steel.

6. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bolt (10) is provided with a washer (11) on its outer sleeve, and the washer (11) is arranged between the end of the blue valve (4) and the bottom valve (12).

7. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the bursting disc (7) is a copper alloy that has been subjected to a coating treatment.

8. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter between the first oil leakage hole and the second oil leakage hole is 20-25 mm.

9. The oil spill prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main body (51) and the second main body (52) are both made of 35GrMo alloy structural steel.

10. A method for testing a blowout prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Installing the explosive short-circuit (101) and the impact oil spill prevention tool (103) and performing a pressure test; Lift the rod column, quickly lower the impact blowout prevention tool (103) under pressure, the pump truck annulus back-pressurizes the oil pipe to discharge liquid, open the blowout prevention bottom valve (12), adjust the anti-impact distance, connect the rod sealing device, and the traveling block test pumping is normal. The column pressure is greater than or equal to 10MPa / 10min, which is qualified; The traveling block was tested for pumping, with the pressure held at 10MPa and maintained at a constant pressure for 10 minutes without dropping.

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