Mine branch draw shaft and main draw shaft centrality measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a centrality measuring device and method for a mine branch draw shaft and a main draw shaft, belongs to the technical field of underground mine construction, and is used for solving the problem of how to measure the angle of a pre-drilled reference hole relative to the main draw shaft when the branch draw shaft is constructed. The measuring device comprises a carrier mechanism and a measuring mechanism. The carrier mechanism moves to the intersection of a branch draw shaft and a main draw shaft along the axis of the main draw shaft and abuts against the hole wall of the main draw shaft through a retracting and stretching part. The measuring mechanism comprises a rack and a measuring frame; the two groups of measuring frames comprise two side rods and a measuring rod, the measuring rod is vertically connected between the two side rods, the other ends of the two side rods are rotationally connected to the two end frames of the rack respectively, and the measuring frames can rotate around the axis of the connecting cylinder and are provided with distance sensors. The device is combined with the method, the measuring mechanism measures the angle of the pre-drilled hole and corrects the drilling parameters to obtain the accurate branch draw shaft axis, the construction quality is improved, and dislocation of the main draw shaft and the branch draw shaft after follow-up construction is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mine construction, and in particular relates to a device and method for measuring the centrality of a mine branch chute and a main chute. Background Art

[0002] Branch chutes are important structures in underground mining. They connect the main chutes with different middle sections and are used to transport ore or waste rock. As a key component of the mine transportation system, the construction quality and efficiency of branch chutes directly affect the production capacity and safety of the mine.

[0003] In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and difficulty in ensuring quality in the construction of traditional branch chutes, the applicant proposed a new construction method that combines drilling and blasting technology to achieve efficient and precise construction of branch chutes.

[0004] During the actual construction process, there are errors in the connection between the branch chute and the main chute, and it is difficult to ensure accurate connection using conventional construction methods. Therefore, the applicant pre-drills a reference hole before formal construction and uses the reference hole to adjust the drilling angle during formal construction.

[0005] During the above process, the angle of the reference hole relative to the main chute must be measured. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the centrality of mine branch chutes and main chutes, which is used to solve the problem of how to measure the angle of the pre-drilled reference hole relative to the main chute during branch chute construction.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a device and method for measuring the centrality of a mine branch chute and a main chute.

[0008] Among them, the device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of the branch chute and the center of the main chute of the mine includes a carrier mechanism and a measuring mechanism, and the measuring mechanism is installed on the carrier mechanism. When measuring, the carrier mechanism moves along the axis of the main chute to the intersection of the branch chute and the main chute and is fixedly connected to the wall of the main chute hole; The carrier mechanism comprises an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a columnar cage, at least three groups of retractable parts are arranged at the outer periphery of both ends of the columnar cage, and abutment structures are arranged on the outer sides of the retractable parts, which can abut against the wall of the main chute after being opened; The measuring mechanism comprises a frame and a measuring frame mounted on the frame; The frame includes two end frames and a connecting tube, the two end frames are arranged at intervals, the connecting tube is connected between the two end frames, the frame as a whole is dumbbell-shaped, the connecting tube is located at the inner axis of the carrier mechanism, and the end frames at both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the annular structural members at both ends of the carrier mechanism; The measuring frame is divided into two groups, and the measuring frame includes two side bars and a measuring bar. The measuring bar is vertically connected between the two side bars, and this end is the measuring end. The other ends of the two side bars are respectively rotatably connected to the two end frames of the frame, and this end is the driving end. The frame is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the measuring frame to rotate around the axis of the connecting tube, and the rotation of the two groups of measuring frames is independently controlled; One end and / or both ends of the measuring rod are provided with a distance sensor, and the distance measuring direction is toward the other end of the measuring rod.

[0009] Optionally, the retractable and expandable part is a telescopic cylinder perpendicular to the axial direction of the carrier mechanism, the rear end of the telescopic cylinder shell is fixedly connected to the columnar cage, the rear end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the abutment structure, and the retractable and expandable part is arranged in three groups equidistantly along the circumference of the carrier mechanism. When the telescopic cylinder is extended, the abutment structure abuts against the wall of the main manhole, thereby fixing the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism to the wall of the main manhole.

[0010] Optionally, the middle part of the columnar cage is also provided with an annular structure, marked as a fixing ring; The retracting and expanding part comprises a rotating power source, a nut seat, an abutting bracket and a retracting and expanding bracket, the housing of the rotating power source is connected to the annular structure, and the rotating shaft of the rotating power source faces and is rotatably connected to the fixing ring; A thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating power source, the nut seat is matched with the rotating shaft thread, one end of the abutment bracket is hinged to the annular structure at the end, and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, one end of the retractable bracket is hinged to the nut seat, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket.

[0011] Optionally, the two side rods on the upper and lower sides of the measuring frame are respectively slidably matched with the annular structures at both ends of the columnar cage, and the sliding direction is along the circumference of the annular structure.

[0012] Optionally, the annular structural members at both ends of the columnar cage are provided with sliding grooves, and the sliding grooves are double-layered, respectively accommodating two groups of side rods on the same side of the measuring frame.

[0013] Optionally, each of the two end frames at both ends of the frame is provided with a rotation power source, and the rotation axis coincides with the axis of the connecting tube; In the two sets of measuring frames: One side bar of one set of measuring frames is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of one of the rotating power sources, which is defined as an upper side bar and an upper power source, and the other side bar is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the other rotating power source, which is defined as a lower side bar and a lower power source; In another set of measuring frames, the upper side bar is fixedly connected to the upper power source, and the lower side bar is rotatably connected to the lower power source; The upper power source and the lower power source respectively control the rotation angles of the two groups of measuring frames.

[0014] Optionally, a rotating support rod coaxial with the connecting tube is fixedly provided on each of the two end frames at both ends of the frame, and the side rods at both ends of the two groups of measuring frames are rotatably connected to the rotating support rods on the connecting tube, and at the rotational connection between the two, a tail rod is provided at the outer end of the side rod, and a gear driven by a motor is rotatably connected to the end of the tail rod, and an arc-shaped rack meshing with the gear is fixedly provided on the end frame; At the same end frame, the gears at the ends of the tail rods of the two groups of measuring frames are meshed with the same arc-shaped rack, and the two gears are staggered in height and respectively meshed with the upper edge and the lower edge of the arc-shaped rack; An arc-shaped piece is fixed on the motor of the gear, an arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the arc-shaped rack, and the arc-shaped piece is inserted into the arc-shaped slide groove to slide; A resistor patch is arranged along the arc direction at the edge of the arc-shaped slide groove, and an electrode is arranged on the arc-shaped piece. When the arc-shaped piece slides along the arc-shaped slide groove, the electrode contacts the resistor patch at different positions; or, an encoder is arranged on the motor, which can convert the rotation angle information of the motor into an electrical signal.

[0015] Optionally, the side rod is an electric telescopic rod, the tail end of the telescopic rod housing is connected to the frame, and the end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the measuring rod; The sliding grooves of the two annular structural members respectively accommodate the upper side bars and the lower side bars of the two groups of measuring frames.

[0016] Optionally, the two layers of the sliding groove located on the outer side of the annular structure are merged into a larger accommodating groove, and when the telescopic rod is retracted, the distance sensors at both ends of the measuring rod are retracted into the accommodating groove.

[0017] The method for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute adopts the device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute as described above, and comprises the following steps: Determine the angle of the branch chute: determine the branch axis of the branch chute according to the design drawings of the branch chute, determine the branch starting point of the branch axis in a certain middle section and set up the drilling rig, and determine the branch end point of the branch axis at the main chute; Setting up the measuring device: lowering the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism along the main chute, adjusting the depth and angle, and when the two measuring frames of the measuring mechanism are located in the branch terminal area and facing a certain middle section, the retracting and expanding part moves to fix the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism relative to the main chute; Pre-drilling the branch axis: the drill rod is drilled from a certain middle section toward the main chute along the branch axis until the drill bit drills out from the wall of the main chute; Centerness measurement: The two groups of measuring frames of the measuring mechanism move relative to each other until their respective measuring rods contact the two sides of the drill pipe respectively. At this time, the rotation angles of the two measuring rods are recorded as I and J respectively, and the angle at which the bisectors of the two measuring rods are located is the middle value of I and J, recorded as A; turn on the distance sensor on the measuring rod, measure the distance from the contact point between the drill pipe and the measuring rod to the end of the measuring rod, and record it as Z, and the length of the side rod is recorded as X, (A, X, Z) can construct point one in space; the two groups of measuring frames move in opposite directions, the side rods are extended and retracted to change their lengths, and the two groups of measuring frames move relative to each other again to clamp the drill pipe, and the new data obtained after contacting the drill pipe is recorded as point two (A2, X2, Z2); the actual axis of the drill pipe is calculated through point one and point two, and compared with the branch axis to obtain the deviation of the pre-drilling angle of the branch chute and the centerness of the main chute.

[0018] As described above, the device and method for measuring the centrality of a mine branch chute and a main chute of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: The measuring mechanism is stably lowered to the intersection of the main chute and the branch chute by the carrier mechanism, and the angle of the pre-drilled hole is accurately measured and the drilling parameters are corrected, so as to obtain the accurate branch chute axis. This innovative design ensures the accuracy of subsequent construction and effectively avoids the misalignment of the branch chute and the main chute. The combination of the device and the method significantly improves the construction quality and avoids the misalignment of the main chute and the branch chute during subsequent construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Shown as the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 Shown is a partial schematic diagram of the measuring device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Shown as the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the carrier mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 Shown as the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a side cutaway schematic diagram of the measuring state of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a top view cutaway schematic diagram of the measuring state of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the distribution status of branch chutes and main chutes.

[0028] Among them: sliding groove 101, accommodating groove 102, arc-shaped rack 12, resistor patch 121, tail rod 401, arc-shaped sheet 402, electrode 403, measuring rod 41, distance sensor 43, side rod 44, rotating support rod 45, annular structure 10, retracting and expanding part 3, rotating power source 30, nut seat 31, abutment bracket 32, retracting and expanding bracket 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 9 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0031] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0032] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the main process of branch chute construction. It should be noted that this process is not the core content of this solution, but only the technical background. Fig. 9In the process of underground mining, in order to improve the efficiency of ore transportation, a middle section 21 usually realizes the lowering and transportation of ore through the main chute 20. The main chute 20 is the main channel for ore transportation, and its bottom is connected to the transportation equipment to ensure that the ore can be transported out smoothly. However, for other middle sections 22 in the mine, due to geographical restrictions, the main chute 20 cannot be used directly to lower the ore. Therefore, it is necessary to set up branch chutes to guide the ore in these middle sections to the main chute 20. The setting of branch chutes is a complicated project. Since each middle section is located underground and the geological conditions are complex, the connection method of the branch chute 24 must be designed and constructed according to detailed exploration results. During the construction process, the starting end of the branch chute is located in the other middle section 22, and the outlet end is connected to the main chute 20. The entire branch chute is deep underground. In addition, the branch chute often extends obliquely, which further increases the difficulty of construction. Based on the above problems, the applicant adopted a blasting construction method, which, in brief, includes the following steps: according to the positions of the main chute 20 and a certain middle section 22, the axis of the branch chute is determined, and the branch chute connects the main chute 20 and a certain middle section 22; with the designed axis of the branch chute as the reference line 23, a blasting hole group is drilled from the middle section to the main chute 20; blasting cartridges are filled into the blasting hole group and detonated, and the blasting debris falls into the main chute to form a branch chute.

[0033] In the above process, when determining the axis of the branch chute, it is necessary to ensure that the axis of the branch chute intersects with the axis of the main chute 20, so that the constructed branch chute can be aligned with the main chute to prevent the main chute and the branch chute from only partially overlapping or even not intersecting. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the error of the pitch angle of the branch chute has little effect on the chute docking; what is important is that Figure 8 As shown, the error of the lateral angle of the branch chute. In order to achieve the above-mentioned centering requirements, before the formal drilling, a reference hole 24 is first drilled along the axis (design axis) of the branch chute. The reference hole 24 penetrates the soil from a certain middle section 22 and enters the main chute 20. The angle difference (mainly lateral deviation rather than pitch deviation) of the axis (actual construction axis) of the reference hole 24 relative to the design axis is measured. A central plane can be determined by the axis of the main chute 20 and the design axis of the branch chute, and the deviation of the actual construction axis from the plane is measured. Ideally, the actual construction axis should coincide with the plane. After adjusting the drilling angle of the drilling equipment according to the angle difference, the reference hole 24 is re-drilled until the axis (actual construction axis) of the reference hole 24 is located in the central plane. Specifically, the drilling angle is first adjusted to ensure that the actual construction axis is parallel to the central plane, and then the drilling angle is translated to ensure that the actual construction axis is located in the central plane. Next, the drilling angle of the drilling equipment is not changed, and only the drilling equipment is translated to drill the remaining holes of the blasting hole group parallel to the reference hole 24.

[0034] In the above process, it is necessary to set a measuring mechanism at the intersection of the drill rod for drilling the reference hole 24 and the main chute 20 to measure the angle difference between the drill rod (the actual construction axis of the reference hole 24) and the center plane. Figure 7 Before construction, the mechanism is first fixed to the main chute 20 according to the design parameters. Two points should be noted when fixing: First, the depth is located in the area where the drill rod drills through the main chute 20. Figure 7 As shown; secondly, the symmetry plane of the mechanism coincides with the central plane (the plane formed by the axis of the main chute and the design axis of the branch chute), as shown Figure 8 The second point is not required, but a centered installation simplifies the subsequent calculation process from measured parameters to drill pipe angles.

[0035] Among them, as for the measuring device part, in one embodiment of a device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center of a main chute in a mine, the device includes a carrier mechanism and a measuring mechanism, and the measuring mechanism is installed on the carrier mechanism. When measuring, the carrier mechanism moves along the axis of the main chute to the intersection of the branch chute and the main chute and is fixedly connected to the wall of the main chute. The carrier mechanism can be set as a well wall crawling mechanism, or it can be suspended by a cable; The carrier mechanism includes an annular structure 10 and a rod-shaped structure. At least two groups of annular structures 10 are coaxial and spaced apart. At least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure 10 and connected with the annular structure 10 to form a columnar cage as a body. At least three groups of retracting and expanding parts 3 are arranged on the outer periphery of both ends of the columnar cage. The retracting and expanding direction of the retracting and expanding parts 3 faces the well wall. An abutting structure is arranged on the outer side of the retracting and expanding parts 3, which can abut against the wall of the main chute hole after being opened, so as to be fixed relative to the main chute. The measuring mechanism includes a frame and a measuring frame installed on the frame; The frame includes two end frames and a connecting tube. The two end frames are arranged at intervals. The connecting tube is connected between the two end frames. The frame as a whole is dumbbell-shaped. The connecting tube is located at the inner axis of the carrier mechanism. The end frames at both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the annular structural members 10 at both ends of the carrier mechanism. There are two sets of measuring frames, which include two side bars 44 and a measuring bar 41. The measuring bar 41 is vertically connected between the two side bars 44, and this end is the measuring end. The other ends of the two side bars 44 are respectively rotatably connected to the two end frames of the frame, and this end is the driving end. A driving mechanism is provided on the frame, which is used to drive the measuring frame to rotate around the axis of the connecting tube, and the rotation of the two sets of measuring frames is independently controlled; A distance sensor 43 is disposed at one end and / or both ends of the measuring rod 41 , and the distance measuring direction is toward the other end of the measuring rod 41 .

[0036] In the above embodiment, the main working principles are as follows: Initially, according to the designed intersection position of the branch chute in the main chute, the carrier mechanism is lowered and fixed, and the two sets of measuring frames are opened in a V shape and face the area where the drill pipe is about to drill through the main chute 20.

[0037] After the drill pipe breaks through the hole wall of the main chute, the two groups of measuring frames of the measuring mechanism move relative to each other (clamp towards the middle) until the respective measuring rods 41 contact the two sides of the drill pipe respectively (which can be detected by the distance sensor 43). At this time, the rotation angles of the two measuring rods 41 are respectively recorded as I and J, and the angle where the angular bisectors of the two measuring rods 41 are located is the middle value of I and J, recorded as A; the distance sensor 43 on the measuring rod 41 is turned on again to measure the distance from the contact point between the drill pipe and the measuring rod 41 (the detection path of the distance sensor 43 is blocked) to the end of the measuring rod 41. The distance is recorded as Z, and the length of the side rod 44 is recorded as X. (A, X, Z) can construct point 1 in space; after point 1 is determined, the two sets of measuring frames move in the opposite direction (open), the side rod 44 is extended and retracted to change the length, and the two sets of measuring frames move relative to each other again to clamp the drill rod. After contacting the drill rod, new data is obtained and recorded as point 2 (A2, X2, Z2); point 1 and point 2 can depict the axis of the rotating rod. The actual axis of the drill rod is obtained by calculating point 1 and point 2, and compared with the branch axis (center plane), the deviation of the pre-drilling angle of the branch chute and the center of the main chute is obtained. In order to improve the accuracy, multiple points can be measured according to the above method, and each point can be fitted into a straight line as the actual axis of the drill rod. The specific method will be further described later.

[0038] During the rotation of the measuring frame, the distance sensor 43 on the measuring frame is always turned on. The distance sensor 43 can be an infrared distance sensor, which is installed at one end of the measuring rod 41 and faces the other end. Before the measuring frame contacts the drill rod, there is no obstacle on the measuring path of the distance sensor 43, and the reading is large. Once the measuring frame rotates to the drill rod, the drill rod blocks the measuring path of the distance sensor 43. At this time, the controller should control the measuring frame to stop rotating, and use the data read by the distance sensor 43 at this time to estimate the position information of the drill rod (Z in the above text).

[0039] In order to enable the carrier mechanism to be fixed at any height of the main shaft hole wall, in one of the methods, the retracting and expanding part 3 is a telescopic cylinder perpendicular to the axial direction of the carrier mechanism, the rear end of the telescopic cylinder shell is fixedly connected to the columnar cage, the rear end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the abutment structure, and the retracting and expanding part 3 is arranged in three groups equidistantly along the circumference of the carrier mechanism. When the telescopic cylinder is extended, the abutment structure abuts against the main shaft hole wall, thereby fixing the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism to the main shaft hole wall.

[0040] In another way, Figure 5 As shown, the middle part of the columnar cage is also provided with an annular structure 10, marked as a fixing ring; The retracting and expanding part 3 includes a rotating power source 30, a nut seat 31, an abutting bracket 32 ​​and a retracting and expanding bracket 33. The housing of the rotating power source 30 is connected to the annular structure 10, and the rotating axis of the rotating power source 30 is oriented and rotatably connected to the fixing ring. Figure 5 As shown, the rotation axis of the rotary power source 30 and the rod-shaped structure of the carrier mechanism share a rod; another rod-shaped structure may be provided so that the rod-shaped structure and the rotation axis of the rotary power source 30 are staggered in the circumferential direction; A thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating power source 30, and the nut seat 31 cooperates with the rotating shaft thread. One end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​is hinged to the annular structure 10 at the end, and an abutment structure is provided at the other end. One end of the retractable bracket 33 is hinged to the nut seat 31, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket 32.

[0041] In the above method, the principle of the carrier mechanism to achieve fixed connection of the measuring mechanism to the main chute is: When the carrier mechanism carries the measuring mechanism down along the main chute to the preset depth (the drilling position of the branch chute), Figure 7 As shown, combined Figure 5 . At this time, the rotary power source 30 rotates, and the nut seat 31 is threadedly matched with the output shaft of the rotary power source 30. Therefore, during the rotation of the rotary power source 30, the nut seat 31 will move along the axis of the rotary power source 30. In addition, since one end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​is hinged to the annular structure 10 (fixed ring), and the two ends of the retracting and expanding bracket 33 are respectively hinged to the nut seat 31 and the abutment bracket 32. Therefore, during the movement of the nut seat 31 along the axis of the rotary power source 30, the abutment bracket 32 ​​can be pushed to flip around the hinge axis with the annular structure 10, thereby achieving the effect of opening and closing. When it is opened, the abutment structure at its end can abut against the wall of the main chute hole. Three groups of retracting and expanding parts 3 are evenly distributed on each circumference at both ends of the outer circumference of the carrier mechanism. When working together, they can form a relatively stable fixing effect with the wall of the main chute hole.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the abutment structure can be set as a roller located at the end of the abutment bracket 32. When lowering the carrier mechanism, the carrier mechanism is suspended by a rope, and the retracting and expanding part 3 of the carrier mechanism is appropriately opened, so that the abutment wheel just contacts the wall of the main chute hole but does not get stuck, and then the sling is slowly lowered, so that the carrier mechanism can carry the measuring mechanism and move down smoothly along the main chute. In addition, in order to accurately measure the drilling angle of the drill rod from the wall of the main chute hole, it is necessary to position the initial angle of the measuring mechanism. When the roller is used as the abutment structure, the initial angles of the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism can be adjusted at the wellhead at the top of the main chute before lowering. Due to the effect of the abutment roller, during the lowering process, the carrier mechanism can only move up and down along the axis of the main chute, but cannot rotate around the axis of the main chute. Therefore, the accuracy of the measurement results can be ensured in the subsequent measurement process, and the docking state of the branch chute formed by blasting and the main chute during the subsequent construction meets the design requirements.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the abutment wheel includes a friction wheel 34 and a ratchet 35, which are coaxially arranged on both sides of the abutment bracket 32; on one side of the ratchet 35, the retracting part 3 is also provided with a pawl 36 and a push rod 37, the pawl 36 is hinged to the retracting part 3, and the push rod 37 adjusts the angle of the pawl 36, so that the pawl 36 can be engaged or disengaged from the ratchet 35. The outer layer of the abutment structure is provided with a rubber cushion layer to increase the friction force. By adjusting the angle of the pawl 36 by the push rod 37, the pawl 36 can be engaged with the ratchet 35, thereby limiting the rotation of the friction wheel 34 and the ratchet 35. In this way, the carrier mechanism can be more stably fixed to the hole wall of the main chute.

[0044] This embodiment can be combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two side rods 44 on the upper and lower sides of the measuring frame are respectively slidably matched with the annular structure 10 at both ends of the columnar cage, and the sliding direction is along the circumference of the annular structure 10. When the side rods 44 slide along the circumference of the annular structure 10, the measuring frame rotates around the axis of the frame connecting tube accordingly. The two groups of measuring frames can achieve a movement state of opening in the opposite direction or closing in opposite directions. The measuring frame is a frame structure. By limiting a set of opposite sides of the measuring frame to the sliding structure of the annular structure 10, the stability of the measuring frame during sliding can be increased, ensuring a smooth sliding process.

[0045] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The annular structure 10 is partially cut to show the slide groove structure. The annular structure 10 at both ends of the columnar cage is provided with a slide groove 101, and the slide groove 101 is two-layered, respectively accommodating the side bars 44 on the same side of the two sets of measuring frames. From the arrangement of the slide groove, the two sets of measuring frames can be different in height, and the frame of one set is larger than the frame of the other set.

[0046] In terms of how to drive the measuring frame to rotate around the frame, two possible implementations are provided here.

[0047] In the first type, a rotating power source 30 is provided on each of the two end frames at both ends of the frame, and the rotation axis coincides with the axis of the connecting cylinder; Two sets of measuring frames: One side bar 44 of one set of measuring frames is rotatably connected to the rotation axis of one of the rotating power sources 30, which is defined as the upper side bar 44 and the upper power source, and the other side bar 44 is fixedly connected to the rotation axis of the other rotating power source 30, which is defined as the lower side bar 44 and the lower power source; In another set of measuring frames, the upper side bar 44 is fixedly connected to the upper power source, and the lower side bar 44 is rotatably connected to the lower power source; The upper power source and the lower power source respectively control the rotation angles of the two groups of measuring frames.

[0048] In short, there are two sets of measuring frames, one end of which is rotatably matched with the frame and the other end is connected to the motor; the other set is opposite. In this way, a motor is set at each end of the frame to drive the rotation of the two sets of measuring frames respectively.

[0049] In another embodiment of driving the measuring frame to rotate around the frame, a rotating support rod 45 coaxial with the connecting tube is fixedly disposed on each of the two end frames at both ends of the frame, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The side rods 44 at both ends of the two sets of measuring frames are rotatably connected to the rotating support rod 45 on the connecting tube. At the rotation connection between the two, the outer ends of the side rods 44 are provided with tail rods 401. The end of the tail rod 401 is rotatably connected to a gear driven by a motor. The end frame is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped rack 12 meshing with the gear. At the same end frame, the gears at the ends of the tail rods 401 of the two sets of measuring frames are meshed with the same arc-shaped rack 12, and the two gears are staggered in height and meshed with the upper and lower edges of the arc-shaped rack 12 respectively; An arc-shaped piece 402 is fixed on the motor of the gear, and an arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the arc-shaped rack 12, and the arc-shaped piece 402 is inserted into the arc-shaped slide groove and slides; The edge of the arc-shaped slide groove is provided with a resistor patch 121 along the arc direction, and the arc-shaped piece 402 is provided with an electrode 403. When the arc-shaped piece 402 slides along the arc-shaped slide groove, the electrode 403 contacts different positions of the resistor patch 121. Alternatively, the motor is provided with an encoder which can convert the rotation angle information of the motor into an electrical signal.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the resistor patch 121 cooperates with the electrode 403, or uses a motor with an encoder, in order to detect the rotation range of the motor, that is, the rotation angle of the measuring frame, and use the parameter or the angle information of the pre-drilled rod to be measured.

[0051] In this embodiment, the side rod 44 is an electric telescopic rod, the tail end of the telescopic rod housing is connected to the frame, and the end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the measuring rod 41; The sliding grooves 101 of the two annular structural members 10 respectively accommodate the upper side bars 44 and the lower side bars 44 of the two groups of measuring frames.

[0052] The purpose of the side rod 44 being able to be extended and retracted is to change the measuring position by extension and retraction, obtain more measuring parameters, and thus more accurately evaluate the drilling angle of the drill rod.

[0053] This embodiment can be combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two layers of the sliding groove 101 located outside the annular structure 10 are merged into a larger receiving groove 102. When the telescopic rod is retracted, the distance sensors 43 at both ends of the measuring rod 41 are retracted into the receiving groove 102. The purpose is to retract the distance sensor 43 into the receiving groove 102 when not measuring, so that the receiving groove 102 isolates the distance sensor 43 from the external environment, and at the same time shorten the cantilever length of the side rod 44 in the measuring frame to ensure the reliability of the device.

[0054] The following is an embodiment of a method for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute. The method is combined with the above-mentioned device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute, and includes the following steps: Determine the angle of the branch chute: determine the branch axis of the branch chute according to the design drawings of the branch chute, determine the branch starting point of the branch axis in a certain middle section and set up the drilling rig, and determine the branch end point of the branch axis at the main chute. The axis of the branch chute is usually designed on demand according to the actual situation of the mine. In this step, the branch axis of the branch chute can be obtained by referring to the drawings of the underground mine construction plan; Set up the measuring device: lower the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism along the main chute, adjust the depth and angle, and when the two measuring frames of the measuring mechanism are located in the branch terminal area and facing a certain middle section, the retracting part 3 is actuated to fix the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism relative to the main chute. It should be noted that in order to simplify the subsequent measurement and calculation processes, the middle plane of the rotation range of the two sets of measuring frames can be made to coincide with the center plane. As for the center plane, it has been mentioned above that it is a plane determined based on the axis of the main chute 20 and the design axis of the branch chute. Ideally, the axis of the branch chute should coincide with this plane; After checking the drawings to know the position and angle of the branch chute, fix the measuring device at the intersection of the branch chute and the main chute and adjust the initial angle of the measuring device. Then, at the starting end of the branch chute, set the drilling rig to drill a hole according to the designed position and angle. This hole is a pre-drilled hole. The drilling position and angle can be carried out according to the designed axis of the branch chute. Please refer to the following: Pre-drilling the branch axis: The drill pipe is drilled along the branch axis from a certain middle section to the main chute until the drill bit drills out from the wall of the main chute; Theoretically, since the drill pipe is drilled from a certain middle section to the main well along the axis of the branch well, when the drill pipe breaks through the wall of the main well, its axis should be the same as the design parameters, that is, the axis of the drill pipe is aligned with the main well, or the axis of the drill pipe crosses the axis of the main well. In this way, the branch well formed can be accurately docked with the main well during the subsequent drilling construction. However, the actual situation is that although the starting position and angle are strictly set according to the design parameters during the initial drilling, the drill pipe and the main well are often not aligned when the drill pipe breaks through the wall of the main well. If the subsequent construction is based on this drilling, it may cause the branch well obtained in the construction to be not aligned with the main well, and the branch well may pass by the side wall of the main well or even not intersect with it.

[0055] Therefore, it is necessary to measure the center degree of the drill pipe. The center degree here refers to the center degree between the pre-drilling angle of the branch chute and the main chute. Specifically, when the center degree meets the standard, the branch chute can be well connected with the main chute; when the center degree does not meet the standard, the branch chute and the main chute may be misaligned. In order to avoid the situation where the center degree does not meet the standard, it is necessary to locate the axis of the branch chute before proceeding with the subsequent formal construction. After measuring the pre-drilled pipe, if the center degree does not meet the standard, it is necessary to adjust the drilling position and angle according to the measurement results, re-drill the pre-drilled hole, and re-measure; until the pre-drilled hole meets the center degree standard, the subsequent construction is carried out with the center degree that meets the standard.

[0056] Specifically, centrality measurement: the two groups of measuring frames of the measuring mechanism move relative to each other until their respective measuring rods 41 contact the two sides of the drill pipe respectively. At this time, the rotation angles of the two measuring rods 41 are respectively recorded as I and J, and the angle at which the angular bisectors of the two measuring rods 41 are located is the middle value of I and J, recorded as A, which can be understood as the axial position of the pre-drill pipe; turn on the distance sensor 43 on the measuring rod 41, measure the distance from the contact point between the drill pipe and the measuring rod 41 to the end of the measuring rod 41, and record it as Z, and the length of the side rod 44 is recorded as X, (A, X, Z) can construct point one in space; the two groups of measuring frames move in opposite directions, the side rod 44 expands and contracts to change its length, and the two groups of measuring frames move relative to each other again to clamp the drill pipe, and the new data obtained after contacting the drill pipe is recorded as point two (A2, X2, Z2); the actual axis of the drill pipe is calculated through point one and point two, and compared with the branch axis to obtain the deviation of the branch well pre-drilling angle and the centrality of the main well.

[0057] Then adjust the drill rod angle and the starting position according to the deviation, drill again and re-measure until the deviation is within the allowable range. Then use the drill hole as a reference for subsequent construction to ensure that the branch chute is accurately connected to the main chute. In specific operations, you can first adjust the angle to make the drill hole parallel to the center plane, and then translate the drill rig to make the drill hole coincide with the center plane to meet the center degree requirements.

[0058] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art, can produce beneficial technical effects, and has significant progress.

[0059] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center of a main chute, characterized in that: It comprises a carrier mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the measuring mechanism is installed on the carrier mechanism. When measuring, the carrier mechanism moves along the axis of the main chute to the intersection of the branch chute and the main chute and is fixedly connected to the wall of the main chute. The carrier mechanism comprises an annular structure (10) and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structure (10) are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure (10) and connected to the annular structure (10) to form a columnar cage shape, at least three groups of retractable and expandable parts (3) are arranged on the outer periphery of both ends of the columnar cage shape, and an abutment structure is arranged on the outer side of the retractable and expandable parts (3) so as to abut against the wall of the main chute hole after being opened; The measuring mechanism comprises a frame and a measuring frame mounted on the frame; The frame comprises two end frames and a connecting tube, the two end frames are arranged at an interval, the connecting tube is connected between the two end frames, the frame as a whole is in a dumbbell shape, the connecting tube is located at the inner axis of the carrier mechanism, and the end frames at both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the annular structural members (10) at both ends of the carrier mechanism; The measuring frames are divided into two groups, each comprising two side bars (44) and a measuring bar (41), wherein the measuring bar (41) is vertically connected between the two side bars (44), and this end is the measuring end, and the other ends of the two side bars (44) are respectively rotatably connected to the two end frames of the frame, and this end is the driving end; The frame is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the measuring frame to rotate around the axis of the connecting tube, and the rotation of the two groups of measuring frames is independently controlled; One end and / or both ends of the measuring rod (41) are provided with a distance sensor (43), and the distance measurement direction is towards the other end of the measuring rod (41).

2. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable and expandable portion (3) is a telescopic cylinder perpendicular to the axial direction of the carrier mechanism. The rear end of the shell of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the columnar cage, and the rear end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the abutment structure. The retractable and expandable portion (3) is arranged in three groups equidistantly along the circumference of the carrier mechanism. When the telescopic cylinder is extended, the abutment structure abuts against the wall of the main chute hole, thereby fixing the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism to the wall of the main chute hole.

3. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the columnar cage is also provided with an annular structural member (10), marked as a fixing ring; The retracting and expanding portion (3) comprises a rotating power source (30), a nut seat (31), an abutting bracket (32) and a retracting and expanding bracket (33); the housing of the rotating power source (30) is connected to the annular structure (10); the rotating axis of the rotating power source (30) is oriented toward and rotatably connected to the fixing ring; The rotating shaft of the rotating power source (30) is provided with a thread, the nut seat (31) is matched with the rotating shaft thread, one end of the abutment bracket (32) is hinged to the annular structure (10) at the end, and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, and one end of the retractable bracket (33) is hinged to the nut seat (31), and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket (32).

4. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two side rods (44) on the upper and lower sides of the measuring frame are respectively slidably matched with the annular structural members (10) at both ends of the columnar cage, and the sliding direction is along the circumference of the annular structural member (10).

5. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular structural members (10) at both ends of the columnar cage are provided with sliding grooves (101), and the sliding grooves (101) are double-layered, respectively accommodating two groups of side rods (44) on the same side of the measuring frame.

6. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two end frames at both ends of the frame are each provided with a rotation power source (30), and the rotation axis coincides with the axis of the connecting tube; In the two sets of measuring frames: One side bar (44) of one set of measuring frames is rotatably connected to the rotation axis of one of the rotating power sources (30), defined as an upper side bar (44) and an upper power source, and another side bar (44) is fixedly connected to the rotation axis of another rotating power source (30), defined as a lower side bar (44) and a lower power source; In another set of measuring frames, the upper side rod (44) is fixedly connected to the upper power source, and the lower side rod (44) is rotatably connected to the lower power source; The upper power source and the lower power source respectively control the rotation angles of the two groups of measuring frames.

7. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating support rod (45) coaxial with the connecting tube is fixedly disposed on each of the two end frames at the two ends of the frame, and the side rods (44) at both ends of the two sets of measuring frames are both rotatably connected to the rotating support rods (45) on the connecting tube. At the rotatable connection between the two, a tail rod (401) is disposed at the outer end of the side rod (44), and a gear driven by a motor is rotatably connected to the end of the tail rod (401), and an arc-shaped rack (12) meshing with the gear is fixedly disposed on the end frame; At the same end frame, the gears at the ends of the two groups of measuring frame tail rods (401) mesh with the same arc-shaped rack (12), and the two gears are staggered in height and respectively mesh with the upper edge and the lower edge of the arc-shaped rack (12); An arc-shaped piece (402) is fixed on the motor of the gear, an arc-shaped slide groove is provided on the arc-shaped rack (12), and the arc-shaped piece (402) is inserted into the arc-shaped slide groove and slides; A resistor patch (121) is arranged along the arc direction at the edge of the arc-shaped slide groove, an electrode (403) is arranged on the arc-shaped piece (402), and when the arc-shaped piece (402) slides along the arc-shaped slide groove, the electrode (403) contacts different positions of the resistor patch (121); Alternatively, the motor is provided with an encoder which can convert the rotation angle information of the motor into an electrical signal.

8. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute and the center degree of a main chute in a mine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side rod (44) is an electric telescopic rod, the rear end of the telescopic rod housing is connected to the frame, and the end of the telescopic shaft is connected to the measuring rod (41); The sliding grooves (101) of the two annular structural members (10) respectively accommodate the upper side bars (44) and the lower side bars (44) of the two groups of the measuring frames.

9. The device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two layers of the sliding groove (101) located outside the annular structure (10) are merged into a larger receiving groove (102), and when the telescopic rod is retracted, the distance sensors (43) at both ends of the measuring rod (41) are retracted into the receiving groove (102).

10. A method for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute, using the device for measuring the pre-drilling angle of a branch chute in a mine and the center degree of a main chute as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the angle of the branch chute: determine the branch axis of the branch chute according to the design drawings of the branch chute, determine the branch starting point of the branch axis in a certain middle section and set up the drilling rig, and determine the branch end point of the branch axis at the main chute; Setting up the measuring device: lowering the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism along the main chute, adjusting the depth and angle, and when the two measuring frames of the measuring mechanism are located in the branch terminal area and facing a certain middle section, the retracting and expanding part (3) is actuated to fix the carrier mechanism and the measuring mechanism relative to the main chute; Pre-drilling the branch axis: the drill rod is drilled from a certain middle section toward the main chute along the branch axis until the drill bit drills out from the wall of the main chute; Center degree measurement: the two groups of measuring frames of the measuring mechanism move relative to each other until the respective measuring rods (41) contact the two sides of the drill pipe respectively. At this time, the rotation angles of the two measuring rods (41) are respectively recorded as I and J. The angle at which the angle bisectors of the two measuring rods (41) are located is the middle value of I and J, recorded as A. The distance sensor (43) on the measuring rod (41) is turned on, and the distance from the contact point between the drill pipe and the measuring rod (41) to the end of the measuring rod (41) is recorded as Z. The length of the side rod (44) is recorded as X. (A, X, Z) can construct point one in space. The two groups of measuring frames move in opposite directions, and the side rod (44) is extended and retracted to change its length. The two groups of measuring frames move relative to each other again to clamp the drill pipe. After contacting the drill pipe, new data is obtained and recorded as point two (A2, X2, Z2). The actual axis of the drill pipe is calculated by point one and point two, and compared with the branch axis, the deviation of the pre-drilling angle of the branch well and the center degree of the main well is obtained.

Images