Vacuum condenser

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum condenser, and relates to the field of condensing equipment, the vacuum condenser comprises a plurality of tube passes and a shell, the plurality of tube passes are arranged in the shell, an inner cavity of the shell is sequentially provided with a gas-liquid downstream area, a gas-phase steering area and a gas-liquid shunting area along the flowing direction of to-be-condensed cooling fluid, the gas-phase steering area is arranged corresponding to a liquid-phase outlet at the bottom of the shell, and the gas-liquid shunting area is arranged corresponding to a liquid-phase outlet at the bottom of the shell. At least one tube pass is arranged in each of the gas-liquid downstream area, the gas phase steering area and the gas-liquid shunting area, one end, far away from the gas-liquid shunting area, of the gas-liquid downstream area is communicated with a fluid inlet of the shell, and one end, far away from the gas-liquid downstream area, of the gas-liquid shunting area is communicated with a gas phase outlet of the shell; a notch area without a tube bundle is arranged on the tube pass of the gas phase steering area; the gap area forms a gas uniformizing channel, the fluid area of the fluid to be condensed and cooled is widened, the flowing resistance of the fluid to be condensed and cooled is reduced, the pressure drop is reduced, the fluid to be condensed and cooled can be distributed more uniformly, and the heat transfer effect of the fluid to be condensed and cooled and the tube pass is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of condensation equipment, in particular to a vacuum condenser. Background Art

[0002] In industries such as petrochemicals, fine chemicals and high-end new materials, vacuum condensers are often used in series with vacuum pumps to form a vacuum system. The vacuum condenser is mainly composed of a shell side and a tube side. Cooling water flows in the tube side, and the cooling fluid to be condensed flows in the shell side. The cooling fluid to be condensed exchanges heat with the tube side to obtain condensation cooling. The condensable gas in the cooling fluid to be condensed condenses into liquid, and the remaining part is non-condensable gas. The condensed liquid and non-condensable gas of the vacuum condenser flow out from the liquid phase outlet and the gas phase outlet respectively.

[0003] At present, in the vacuum condensers known to the applicant, partitions are often provided to divert the cooling fluid to be condensed, thereby extending the movement path of the cooling fluid to be condensed in the shell, thereby improving the heat exchange effect with the tube side. However, dead zones are prone to appear on the periphery of the turning point, and the cooling fluid to be condensed is not easy to distribute in the dead zones, resulting in the inability to effectively cool the cooling fluid to be condensed in this part of the tube side, reducing the heat transfer effect, and the cooling fluid to be condensed at the turning point will show a concentrated flow phenomenon, thereby leading to the problems of increased resistance and increased pressure drop.

[0004] Therefore, people are in urgent need of a vacuum condenser with good heat transfer effect, small flow resistance and low pressure drop. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum condenser to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By setting the notch area, the cooling fluid to be condensed can be distributed more evenly at the turning point, thereby improving the heat transfer effect, and enabling the cooling fluid to be condensed and the cooling water to fully exchange heat in countercurrent, thereby making full use of the temperature gradient, lowering the outlet temperature, and reducing the flow resistance and pressure drop.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a vacuum condenser, comprising a plurality of tube passes and a shell, wherein the plurality of tube passes are arranged in the shell, and the cooling fluid to be condensed in the shell flows in a V-shape, and the inner cavity of the shell is provided with a gas-liquid downstream zone, a gas phase turning zone and a gas-liquid diversion zone in sequence along the flow direction of the cooling fluid to be condensed, and the gas phase turning zone is arranged corresponding to the liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the shell, and at least one tube pass is respectively arranged in the gas-liquid downstream zone, the gas phase turning zone and the gas-liquid diversion zone, an end of the gas-liquid downstream zone away from the gas-liquid diversion zone is connected to the fluid inlet of the shell, and an end of the gas-liquid diversion zone away from the gas-liquid downstream zone is connected to the gas phase outlet of the shell, and a notch area without a tube bundle is arranged on the tube pass of the gas phase turning zone.

[0007] Preferably, flow boxes are sealed at both ends of the shell, and the two ends of the pipe pass are respectively located in the two flow boxes. The adjacent pipe passes are connected end to end in the flow boxes. The pipe pass located at the head end is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the pipe pass located at the end is connected to the refrigerant outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the tube pass at one end of the gas-liquid co-flow zone away from the gas-liquid diversion zone is connected to the refrigerant outlet, and the tube pass at one end of the gas-liquid diversion zone away from the gas-liquid co-flow zone is connected to the refrigerant inlet.

[0009] Preferably, a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the flow box, and an exhaust outlet is provided at the top of the flow box.

[0010] Preferably, an anti-collision rod is provided between the tube side at one end of the gas-liquid downstream zone away from the gas-liquid diverging zone and the fluid inlet to prevent the inlet fluid from directly rushing into the tube bundle of the tube side.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of bypass baffles for guiding the fluid in the gap to the tube side are arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the bypass baffles are arranged in the gap between the tube side and the inner peripheral wall of the shell.

[0012] Preferably, a blocking tube is provided in the shell to prevent the fluid from bypassing.

[0013] Preferably, a partition is provided between the gas-liquid co-flow area and the gas-liquid diversion area.

[0014] Preferably, the partition is arranged obliquely, and the width of the partition is 50%-70% of the chord length of the shell at the location of the partition.

[0015] Preferably, a swirl distribution device for dispersing the fluid is provided at the fluid inlet.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly achieves the following technical effects:

[0017] The setting of the notch area in the gas phase turning zone at the corresponding position forms a uniform gas channel, which widens the fluid area of ​​the cooling fluid to be condensed, reduces the flow resistance of the cooling fluid to be condensed and reduces the pressure drop, and also makes the cooling fluid to be condensed more evenly distributed, thereby improving the heat transfer effect between the cooling fluid to be condensed and the tube.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, other solutions of the present invention have achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] The setting of the swirl distribution device allows the cooling fluid to be condensed at the shell inlet to be evenly distributed in the shell, improving the uniformity of the cooling fluid to be condensed, thereby better transferring heat with the tube side and improving the heat transfer effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vacuum condenser in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vacuum condenser in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the swirl distribution device is arranged at the fluid inlet in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A top view of a swirl distribution device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the rib plate and the truncated cone in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Among them, 1. shell; 2. fluid inlet; 3. gas phase outlet; 4. liquid phase outlet; 5. circulation box; 6. saddle; 7. sewage outlet; 8. exhaust port; 9. refrigerant inlet; 10. refrigerant outlet; 11. swirl distribution device; 12. gas-liquid downstream area; 13. gas phase turning area; 14. gas-liquid diversion area; 15. pipe pass; 16. tube bundle; 17. anti-collision rod; 18. bypass baffle; 19. baffle tube; 20. notch area; 21. partition; 22. support rod; 23. spiral blade; 24. frustum; 25. rib plate; 26. floating head shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum condenser to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By setting the notch area, the cooling fluid to be condensed can be distributed more evenly at the turning point, thereby improving the heat transfer effect, and enabling the cooling fluid to be condensed to fully exchange heat in countercurrent with the cooling water, thereby making full use of the temperature gradient, lowering the outlet temperature, and reducing the flow resistance and pressure drop.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a vacuum condenser is provided, comprising a plurality of tube passes 15 and a shell 1, wherein the plurality of tube passes 15 are arranged in the shell 1, and a plurality of tube bundles 16 for circulating cooling liquid are arranged in each tube pass 15, and the cooling fluid to be condensed flows in a V-shape in the shell 1, and the inner cavity of the shell 1 is provided with a gas-liquid downstream area 12, a gas phase turning area 13 and a gas-liquid diversion area 14 in sequence along the flow direction of the cooling fluid to be condensed, and the gas phase turning area 13 is provided corresponding to the liquid phase outlet 4 at the bottom of the shell 1, and the liquid phase outlet 4 is used to discharge the condensed liquid, and at least one tube pass 15 is provided in the gas-liquid downstream area 12, the gas phase turning area 13 and the gas-liquid diversion area 14 respectively, and the end of the gas-liquid downstream area 12 away from the gas-liquid diversion area 14 is connected to the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, and the gas-liquid diversion area 14 is connected to the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1. One end of the flow zone 14 away from the gas-liquid downstream zone 12 is connected to the gas phase outlet 3 of the shell 1. The device extends the movement path of the cooling fluid to be condensed in the shell 1 through a V-shaped flow path, thereby improving the heat transfer effect; a notch area 20 without a tube bundle 16 is provided on the tube side 15 of the gas phase turning zone 13, and the notch area 20 is located at the periphery of the gas phase turning zone 13. The notch area 20 is a strip space parallel to the tube bundle 16. The notch area 20 in the gas phase turning zone 13 is arranged at the corresponding position to form a uniform gas channel. The uniform gas channel widens the fluid area of ​​the cooling fluid to be condensed, reduces the flow resistance of the cooling fluid to be condensed and reduces the pressure drop, and also enables the cooling fluid to be condensed to be more evenly distributed, thereby improving the heat transfer effect between the cooling fluid to be condensed and the tube side 15.

[0032] Since a dead zone will also appear on the inner side of the flow path after the fluid is turned, a notch area 20 is also provided on the pipe side 15 of the gas-liquid diversion area 14 in this embodiment. The notch area 20 is located on the inner side of the gas-liquid diversion area 14, and the function of the notch area 20 is the same as that of the notch area 20 in the gas phase turning area 13.

[0033] In this embodiment, the shell 1 is cylindrical, the tube bundle 16 of the tube pass 15 is parallel to the axis of the shell 1, the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1 is arranged at the top, the gas phase outlet 3 is arranged at the side, and the liquid phase outlet 4 is arranged at the bottom.

[0034] In this embodiment, the number of tube passes 15 in the gas-liquid downstream zone 12 is greater than the number of tube passes 15 in the gas phase turning zone 13 and the gas-liquid diversion zone 14, so as to improve the refrigeration effect in the initial cooling stage of the cooling fluid to be condensed. In this embodiment, the number of tube passes 15 arranged in each zone is as follows: two tube passes 15 are arranged in the gas-liquid diversion zone 14, two tube passes 15 are arranged in the gas phase turning zone 13, and four tube passes 15 are arranged in the gas-liquid downstream zone 12. In other embodiments, the number of tube passes 15 in the gas-liquid downstream zone 12, the gas phase turning zone 13 and the gas-liquid diversion zone 14 can also be controlled as needed.

[0035] In this embodiment, flow boxes 5 are sealed at both ends of the shell 1, and both ends of the pipe pass 15 are respectively located in the two flow boxes 5. The adjacent pipe passes 15 are connected end to end in the flow boxes 5. The pipe pass 15 located at the head end is connected to the refrigerant inlet 9, and the pipe pass 15 located at the end is connected to the refrigerant outlet 10. In this way, only one refrigerant inlet 9 and one refrigerant outlet 10 are required, and there is no need to set up multiple refrigerant inlets and outlets.

[0036] Adjacent pipe passes 15 can be connected through a connecting pipe located in the circulation box 5, or the inner cavity of the circulation box 5 can be divided into multiple small cavities, each small cavity corresponding to the head and tail ends of the adjacent pipe pass 15, to achieve head-to-tail connection. At this time, the pipe pass 15 at the head end or the pipe pass 15 at the tail end is respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet 9 or the refrigerant outlet 10 through a small cavity.

[0037] The tube side 15 at one end of the gas-liquid co-current zone 12 away from the gas-liquid diversion zone 14 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 10, and the tube side 15 at one end of the gas-liquid diversion zone 14 away from the gas-liquid co-current zone 12 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 9, realizing a countercurrent arrangement with the cooling fluid to be condensed in the shell 1, ensuring that the cooling fluid to be condensed can exchange heat with the tube side 15 with the lowest temperature at the outlet of the shell 1 to achieve the lowest temperature. At the same time, the countercurrent arrangement of the tube side 15 can more effectively utilize the heat transfer temperature difference, so that the fluid can be cooled quickly, providing heat transfer performance.

[0038] A drain port 7 is provided at the bottom of the flow box 5, and an exhaust port 8 is provided at the top of the flow box 5. The drain port 7 and the exhaust port 8 are used to discharge residual liquid and gas in the flow box 5 when the device is not in use.

[0039] In this embodiment, the refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 are both arranged on the circulation box 5 on one side, and the sewage outlet 7 is arranged at the bottom of the circulation box 5 on both sides. The circulation box 5 without the refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 is provided with an exhaust port 8 on the top, and the circulation box 5 with the refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 directly uses the refrigerant inlet 9 or the refrigerant outlet 10 as the exhaust port 8.

[0040] In another embodiment, the vacuum condenser is arranged as a floating head type heat exchanger, the purpose of which is to facilitate the disassembly of the tube side 15. The flow box 5 without the refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 is detachably provided with a floating head shell 26, and the flow box 5 without the refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 serves as a floating head of the floating head type heat exchanger, and its function remains unchanged. The inner cavity of the floating head shell is connected with the inner cavity of the shell 1. At this time, the flow box 5 with the floating head shell only needs to be connected to the tube side 15, and the flow box 5 and the tube side 12 are detachably arranged. In addition, on the basis of setting the floating head shell 26, the flow box in the floating head shell 26 is no longer provided with a sewage outlet 7 and an exhaust port 8, but a sewage outlet 7 and an exhaust port 8 are provided on the floating head shell 26. In this case, the sewage outlet 7 and the exhaust port 8 provided on the floating head shell 26 are connected with the inner cavity of the shell 1.

[0041] An anti-collision rod 17 is arranged between the tube side 15 at one end of the gas-liquid downstream zone 12 away from the gas-liquid diversion zone 14 and the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1. The anti-collision rod 17 is used to block the cooling fluid to be condensed and prevent the imported cooling fluid to be condensed from directly rushing into the tube bundle 16 of the tube side 15 and causing damage to the tube bundle 16.

[0042] At least one row of anti-collision rods 17 can be arranged between the tube side 15 at one end of the gas-liquid downstream zone 12 away from the gas-liquid diversion zone 14 and the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1. A single row of anti-collision rods 17 is parallel to the tube side 15, and the anti-collision rods 17 are parallel to the tube bundle 16 to improve the anti-collision effect. When multiple rows of anti-collision rods 17 are arranged, the anti-collision rods 17 in adjacent rows are staggered to further improve the anti-collision effect.

[0043] In this embodiment, a plurality of bypass baffles 18 are arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1 to guide the fluid in the gap to the tube side 15. The bypass baffles 18 are parallel to the tube bundle 16. The bypass baffles 18 are arranged in the gap between the tube side 15 and the inner peripheral wall of the shell 1. The cooling fluid to be condensed in the gap will be blocked by the bypass baffles 18 and flow back to the tube side 15 for cooling, thereby improving the heat transfer effect.

[0044] A blocking tube 19 is provided inside the shell 1 to prevent fluid bypass. Specifically: in this embodiment, the blocking tube 19 is arranged between the two tube passes 15 in the gas phase turning zone 13, which has the effect of blocking and draining the cooling fluid to be condensed, and preventing the cooling fluid to be condensed from directly flowing through the gap between the two tube passes 15 to the inner wall of the shell 1 for bypass.

[0045] In this embodiment, the V-shaped flow path of the cooling fluid to be condensed in the shell 1 is realized by the partition 21. Specifically: a partition 21 is arranged between the gas-liquid downstream area 12 and the gas-liquid diversion area 14. The partition 21 is parallel to the pipe line 15. The partition 21 can prevent the cooling fluid to be condensed in the gas-liquid downstream area 12 from flowing directly to the gas-liquid diversion area 14.

[0046] The partition 21 is tiltedly arranged in the shell 1 , and its width is 50%-70% of the chord length of the shell 1 at which it is located. Both ends of the partition 21 in the length direction are sealedly connected to the inner side walls of the shell 1 at both axial ends.

[0047] A swirl distribution device 11 for dispersing the fluid is provided at the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, so that the cooling fluid to be condensed at the inlet of the shell 1 can be evenly distributed in the shell 1, thereby improving the uniformity of the cooling fluid to be condensed, thereby better transferring heat with the tube 15 and improving the heat transfer effect.

[0048] Specifically, the specific structure of the swirl distribution device 11 may include: a support rod 22 and a spiral blade 23, the support rod 22 is connected to the shell 1 and coincides with the axis of the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, the spiral blade 23 is spirally arranged on the support rod 22, when the cooling fluid to be condensed enters from the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, it will be guided by the spiral blade 23 and flow to the surroundings to achieve uniform distribution; the specific structure of the swirl distribution device 11 may also include: a frustum 24 and a plurality of ribs 25, the frustum 24 is arranged at the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, the plurality of ribs 25 are evenly distributed around the frustum 24, one end of the rib 25 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the frustum 24, and the other end is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, the plurality of ribs 25 are all inclined at the same angle, when the cooling fluid to be condensed enters from the fluid inlet 2 of the shell 1, it will be guided by the ribs 25 and the frustum 24 and flow to the surroundings to achieve uniform distribution; in other embodiments, other devices with uniform flow distribution can be selected to replace the swirl distribution device 11.

[0049] A saddle 6 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and the saddle 6 plays a supporting role.

[0050] Adaptive changes made according to actual needs are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0052] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum condenser, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of tube passes and a shell, wherein the plurality of tube passes are arranged in the shell, wherein the cooling fluid to be condensed flows in a V-shape in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shell is provided with a gas-liquid downstream zone, a gas phase turning zone and a gas-liquid diversion zone in sequence along the flow direction of the cooling fluid to be condensed, wherein the gas phase turning zone is provided corresponding to the liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the shell, and at least one tube pass is provided in each of the gas-liquid downstream zone, the gas phase turning zone and the gas-liquid diversion zone, an end of the gas-liquid downstream zone away from the gas-liquid diversion zone is connected to the fluid inlet of the shell, and an end of the gas-liquid diversion zone away from the gas-liquid downstream zone is connected to the gas phase outlet of the shell, and a notch zone where no tube bundle is arranged is provided on the tube pass of the gas phase turning zone.

2. The vacuum condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circulation boxes are sealed at both ends of the shell, and the two ends of the pipe pass are respectively located in the two circulation boxes. The adjacent pipe passes are connected end to end in the circulation boxes. The pipe pass located at the head end is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the pipe pass located at the end is connected to the refrigerant outlet.

3. The vacuum condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipe passage at one end of the gas-liquid downstream zone away from the gas-liquid diverging zone is connected to the refrigerant outlet, and the pipe passage at one end of the gas-liquid diverging zone away from the gas-liquid downstream zone is connected to the refrigerant inlet.

4. The vacuum condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the flow box is provided with a sewage outlet, and the top of the flow box is provided with an exhaust port.

5. The vacuum condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-collision rod is arranged between the tube side at one end of the gas-liquid downstream zone away from the gas-liquid diverging zone and the fluid inlet to prevent the inlet fluid from directly rushing into the tube bundle of the tube side.

6. The vacuum condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of bypass baffles are arranged on the inner wall of the shell to guide the fluid in the gap to the tube side, and the bypass baffles are arranged in the gap between the tube side and the inner peripheral wall of the shell.

7. The vacuum condenser according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blocking pipe is arranged in the shell to prevent the fluid from bypassing.

8. The vacuum condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition is arranged between the gas-liquid downstream area and the gas-liquid diverging area.

9. The vacuum condenser according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partition is arranged obliquely, and the width of the partition is 50%-70% of the chord length of the shell at the location of the partition.

10. The vacuum condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid inlet is provided with a swirl distribution device for dispersing the fluid.

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