A kind of anti-erosion structure for high-temperature high-pressure heat exchanger solid medium heat exchange pipe head

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of pipe head anti-impact, in particular to a kind of solid medium heat exchange pipe pipe head anti-impact structure for high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger, including multiple plugs, heat exchanger body includes tank body, first pipe box and multiple heat exchange pipe bodies, heat exchange pipe body is fixedly installed in tank body, the inner wall between first pipe box is fixedly connected with baffle, multiple plugs are symmetrically distributed in the top and bottom of baffle, plug one end is inserted with heat exchange pipe body, it further includes a pair of anti-impact barrel, anti-impact wear-resistant component, pressure stabilizing component and quick release component, the present application is to change the flow direction of fluid to prevent forming turbulent flow, and the pressure in heat exchanger is stabilized, by the way that medium solution forms vortex in anti-impact barrel, avoid forming turbulent flow, simultaneously by with the increasing of the pressure in anti-impact barrel, gradually increase the heat exchange pipe body communicated with it, to adapt and stabilize the internal pressure of anti-impact barrel, reduce the abrasion, prolong the service life of pipe head.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipe head anti-erosion, in particular to a pipe head anti-erosion structure for solid medium heat exchange pipe of high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger is an important heat energy conversion equipment in the modern industrial field, and is also one of the main equipment for improving energy utilization rate, and is widely used in petroleum chemical industry, coal chemical industry and other industries. Its working principle is to transfer part of the heat of hot fluid to cold fluid, so that the heat can be transferred from the fluid with higher temperature to the fluid with lower temperature, so that the fluid temperature reaches the index specified in the process to meet the needs of process conditions. The heat exchange pipe, as the main working component of the heat exchanger, is mostly placed in the cylinder, and is used for heat exchange between two media, has high thermal conductivity and good isothermality, can quickly transfer heat energy from one point to another point, and can effectively reduce heat loss.

[0003] Under the condition of high temperature and high pressure, the heat exchange pipe head containing solid medium is easy to be eroded by the flow of medium, which causes the pipe head to be worn and fallen off, the pipe head of the heat pipe exposed to the pipe plate is ground flat, and the welding leg is polished. In addition, the high-temperature and high-pressure environment also causes the pipe head material to produce creep, fatigue and other damages. Thus, the heat exchange pipe pull-off force is reduced, the pipe head leaks, and the service life and safe operation of the heat exchanger are seriously affected. Therefore, it has important theoretical and practical significance to study a pipe head anti-erosion structure for solid medium heat exchange pipe of high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger.

[0004] The pipe head anti-erosion structure of the heat exchange pipe in the prior art is mostly through setting a buffer mechanism to reduce the impact force brought by the fluid, so as to reduce the wear of the pipe head. However, under the condition of high temperature and high pressure, when the fluid enters the heat exchanger tank, the pressure is large, and when the fluid does not enter the heat exchange pipe, it is easy to form turbulent flow in the pipe box of the heat exchanger, which causes the direction of the fluid to be chaotic, further increases the wear of the pipe head, and causes poor anti-erosion and wear resistance. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pipe head anti-erosion structure for solid medium heat exchange pipe of high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, which can change the flow direction of the fluid to prevent the formation of turbulent flow, stabilize the pressure in the heat exchanger, and prolong the service life of the pipe head.

[0006] In order to achieve this purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The application provides a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger solid medium heat exchange pipe head anti-collision structure, which comprises a plurality of plugs, a heat exchanger body, a tank body, a first pipe box and a plurality of heat exchange pipe bodies, the heat exchange pipe bodies are fixedly installed in the tank body, a partition plate is fixedly connected between inner walls of the first pipe box, the plurality of plugs are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition plate, one end of the plug is in plug-in cooperation with the heat exchange pipe body, and the anti-collision structure further comprises a pair of anti-collision barrels, an anti-collision and wear-resistant assembly, a pressure stabilizing assembly and a quick release assembly, the two anti-collision barrels are symmetrically distributed on the top of the partition plate and the bottom of the partition plate and are fixedly connected with the partition plate, the first pipe box is installed at one end of the tank body through the quick release assembly, the anti-collision and wear-resistant assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a vortex fan, a plurality of fan blades, a plurality of liquid inlet boxes, a liquid outlet box and a check valve, the rotating shaft penetrates through the partition plate and is rotationally connected with the partition plate, the vortex fan is coaxially connected with the top of the rotating shaft, the fan blades are coaxially connected with the periphery of the rotating shaft, the plurality of rotating shafts are located in the two anti-collision barrels respectively, the liquid inlet boxes and the liquid outlet box are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the first pipe box, one end of the liquid inlet box is in communication with one side of the anti-collision barrel on the top, the other side of the liquid inlet box is in communication with the heat exchange pipe body through the plug, one end of the liquid outlet box is in communication with the anti-collision barrel on the bottom through the check valve, the other end of the liquid outlet box is in communication with the heat exchange pipe body through the plug, and the pressure stabilizing assembly is installed in the first pipe box and is used for balancing the hydraulic pressure in the anti-collision barrel.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-collision barrel is a hollow conical barrel structure, the top anti-collision barrel has a top diameter smaller than a bottom diameter, the bottom anti-collision barrel has a bottom diameter smaller than a top diameter, the liquid inlet boxes and the liquid outlet box are horizontally arranged, and the other ends of the plurality of plugs are respectively threadedly connected with the liquid inlet boxes and the liquid outlet box.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchanger body further comprises a second pipe box, a pair of tube plates, a plurality of baffle plates, a liquid inlet cylinder and a liquid outlet cylinder, the second pipe box is fixedly connected with the other end of the tank body, the peripheries of the two tube plates are respectively fixedly connected with the inner walls of the two ends of the tank body, the two ends of the heat exchange pipe body respectively penetrate through the two tube plates and are fixedly connected with the two tube plates, the bottom of the liquid inlet cylinder is in communication with the top of one end of the tank body, the top of the liquid outlet cylinder is in communication with the bottom of the other end of the tank body, the plurality of baffle plates are staggered and arranged in the tank body, the plurality of baffle plates are respectively fixedly connected with the top wall of the tank body and the bottom wall of the tank body, the baffle plates are fixedly connected with the periphery of the heat exchange pipe body, the heat exchange pipe body and the partition plate are horizontally arranged, the first pipe box is respectively provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe in communication with the top and the bottom of the first pipe box, and the two anti-collision barrels are respectively in communication with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure stabilization component includes multiple flow channel switching mechanisms, a pressure boosting follow-up mechanism, and a high-pressure alarm mechanism. The flow channel switching mechanism includes a baffle plate, a pair of first tension springs, and a limiting ring. The bottom of the baffle plate passes through and is slidably connected to the top wall of the inlet box. The outer periphery of the baffle plate is in contact with the inner wall of the inlet box. One end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate, and the other end of the first tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the inlet box. The bottom of the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the inlet box, and the inner wall of the limiting ring is slidably connected to one side of the top of the baffle plate. The pressure boosting follow-up mechanism and the high-pressure alarm mechanism are both installed on the top anti-rush barrel. The pressure boosting follow-up mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switching mechanism, and the high-pressure alarm mechanism is used to warn of excessive pressure inside the anti-rush barrel.

[0011] Preferably, the pressurization follow-up mechanism includes a float, an L-shaped rod, multiple tie rods and multiple telescopic rods. The top of the float is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod. The L-shaped rod passes through the top wall of the anti-rush barrel and is slidably connected to it. The tie rods are installed on the L-shaped rods through the telescopic rods. The top of one end of the tie rod abuts against the other side of the top of the baffle plate.

[0012] Preferably, the telescopic rod includes a cylinder, a sliding rod, and a second tension spring. The top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod, the top of the sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, one end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder, the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod, and the bottom of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the tension rod.

[0013] Preferably, the high-pressure alarm mechanism includes a housing, a limiting block, a push rod, a pair of first springs, a striking rod, a pair of second springs, and an alarm bell. The housing passes through and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top anti-impact barrel. The top of the limiting block is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing. The push rod passes through and is slidably connected to the limiting block. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the limiting block. An L-shaped rod passes through and is slidably connected to the housing. A through vertical groove is provided on one side of the L-shaped rod. The striking rod passes through and is slidably connected to the vertical groove. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the striking rod, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove. The top of the alarm bell is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing. When the float is at the bottom of the anti-impact barrel, one end of the push rod is slidably connected to the vertical groove, and the striking rod is separated from the alarm bell. When the float is at the top of the anti-impact barrel, one end of the push rod and one end of the striking rod abut against each other, and the other end of the striking rod abuts against the alarm bell.

[0014] Preferably, the high-voltage alarm mechanism further includes a pair of pulleys, a round shaft, and a square plate. The round shaft is rotatably installed inside the housing. One of the pulleys is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the housing and is rotatably connected to it. The other pulley is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft. The two pulleys are driven by a belt. The square plate is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft. The outer periphery of the square plate abuts against the other end of the push rod.

[0015] Preferably, the quick-release mechanism includes multiple bolts, multiple gears, a toothed ring, a U-shaped slide rail, and a T-shaped slider. The multiple bolts are circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the first tube box. One end of the bolt passes through the side wall of the first tube box and is threadedly connected to the tank body. The gears are coaxially connected to the periphery of the bolts. An annular groove is provided on the side wall of the first tube box. The toothed ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. The toothed ring and the gear mesh with each other. The U-shaped slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body. The T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the first tube box and slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail.

[0016] Preferably, the one-way valve includes a circular tube, a cross frame, a conical cylinder, and a piston ball. One end of the circular tube is connected to the liquid outlet box, and the other end of the circular tube is connected to the anti-rush tank at the bottom. The inner wall of the circular tube is fixedly connected to the cross frame. One end of the conical cylinder is fixedly connected to the cross frame and they are in communication. The piston ball is in rolling connection with the inner wall of the cross frame, and the inner wall of the conical cylinder is in close contact with the outer periphery of the piston ball.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. In this invention, when the medium solution is injected into the anti-rush tank at the top, the medium solution flows downward and washes against the turbine fan, causing it to rotate. At the same time, it drives the shaft and fan blades to rotate, which slows down the flow rate of the medium solution and changes it from vertical flow to a regular horizontal rotation. The medium solution forms a vortex in the anti-rush tank. Subsequently, the medium solution flows smoothly from the edge of the vortex through the inlet box and plug into the heat exchange tube body, thereby eliminating the turbulence of the medium solution in the anti-rush tank, reducing the wear of the tube head, and extending the service life of the heat exchanger.

[0019] 2. As the pressure inside the anti-surge tank gradually increases, the float continuously rises, causing the liquid inlet box to open sequentially from low to high. As the pressure inside the anti-surge tank increases, the heat exchange tube body connected to it gradually increases to adapt to and stabilize the internal pressure of the anti-surge tank, preventing excessive pressure from aggravating the wear of the tube head. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure One .

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure Two .

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the tank structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the quick-release component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the first tube box structure of the present invention. Figure One .

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-collision barrel structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-impact and wear-resistant component structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural exploded view of the pressure stabilization component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the shell structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the L-shaped rod structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a split view of the one-way valve structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the first tube box structure of the present invention. Figure Two .

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Heat exchanger body; 10. Tank body; 11. First tube box; 110. Baffle plate; 111. Annular groove; 12. Second tube box; 13. Tube sheet; 14. Heat exchanger tube body; 15. Baffle plate; 16. Liquid inlet cylinder; 17. Liquid outlet cylinder; 18. Liquid inlet pipe; 19. Liquid outlet pipe;

[0035] 2. Anti-impact and wear-resistant components; 20. Plug; 21. Anti-impact barrel; 22. Shaft; 23. Turbine fan; 24. Fan blade; 25. Inlet box; 26. Outlet box; 27. One-way valve; 270. Round tube; 271. Cross frame; 272. Conical cylinder; 273. Piston ball;

[0036] 3. Pressure stabilizing component; 30. Flow channel switching mechanism; 300. Baffle plate; 301. First tension spring; 302. Limiting ring; 31. Pressure boosting follow-up mechanism; 310. Float; 311. L-shaped rod; 3110. Vertical groove; 312. Pull rod; 313. Telescopic rod; 314. Cylinder; 315. Slide rod; 316. Second tension spring; 32. High-pressure alarm mechanism; 320. Housing; 321. Limiting block; 322. Push rod; 323. First spring; 324. Striking rod; 325. Second spring; 326. Warning bell; 327. Pulley; 328. Round shaft; 329. Square plate;

[0037] 4. Quick-release assembly; 40. Bolt; 41. Gear; 42. Gear ring; 43. U-shaped slide rail; 44. T-shaped slider. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown:

[0043] An anti-impact structure for solid medium heat exchanger tube heads in a high-temperature, high-pressure heat exchanger includes multiple plugs 20. The heat exchanger body 1 includes a tank 10, a first tube box 11, and multiple heat exchanger tube bodies 14. The heat exchanger tube bodies 14 are fixedly installed inside the tank 10. A partition 110 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first tube box 11. The multiple plugs 20 are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition 110, and one end of the plug 20 is inserted into the heat exchanger tube body 14. The structure also includes a pair of anti-impact barrels 21, an anti-impact and wear-resistant component 2, a pressure stabilizing component 3, and a quick-release component 4. The two anti-impact barrels 21 are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition 110 and fixedly connected thereto. The first tube box 11 is installed at one end of the tank 10 via the quick-release component 4. The anti-impact and wear-resistant component 2 includes a rotating shaft 22, a turbine fan 23, and multiple... The fan blades 24, multiple inlet boxes 25, outlet boxes 26, and one-way valves 27 are included. A rotating shaft 22 passes through a partition 110 and is rotatably connected to it. A turbofan 23 is coaxially connected to the top of the rotating shaft 22. The fan blades 24 are coaxially connected to the periphery of the rotating shaft 22. Multiple rotating shafts 22 are located in two anti-surge barrels 21 respectively. Both the inlet boxes 25 and the outlet boxes 26 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first tube box 11. One end of the inlet box 25 is connected to one side of the top anti-surge barrel 21, and the other end of the inlet box 25 is connected to the heat exchange tube body 14 through a plug 20. One end of the outlet box 26 is connected to the bottom anti-surge barrel 21 through a one-way valve 27, and the other end of the outlet box 26 is connected to the heat exchange tube body 14 through a plug 20. A pressure stabilizing component 3 is installed in the first tube box 11 and is used to balance the hydraulic pressure in the anti-surge barrel 21.

[0044] The anti-rush barrel 21 is a hollow conical barrel structure. The top diameter of the anti-rush barrel 21 is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-rush barrel 21 is smaller than its top diameter. The inlet box 25 and the outlet box 26 are both horizontally arranged. The other end of the multiple plugs 20 are threadedly connected to the inlet box 25 and the outlet box 26 respectively.

[0045] The heat exchanger body 1 also includes a second tube box 12, a pair of tube sheets 13, multiple baffles 15, an inlet cylinder 16, and a drain cylinder 17. The second tube box 12 is fixedly connected to the other end of the tank body 10. The outer peripheries of the two tube sheets 13 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of the tank body 10. The two ends of the heat exchange tube body 14 pass through the two tube sheets 13 and are fixedly connected to them. The bottom of the inlet cylinder 16 is connected to the top of one end of the tank body 10. The top of the drain cylinder 17 is connected to the bottom of the other end of the tank body 10. Multiple baffles 15 are staggered inside the tank body 10. Multiple baffles 15 are fixedly connected to the top wall and bottom wall of the tank body 10, respectively. The baffles 15 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the heat exchange tube body 14. The heat exchange tube body 14 and the baffles 110 are both horizontally arranged. The top and bottom of the first tube box 11 are connected to the inlet pipe 18 and the drain pipe 19, respectively. Two anti-surge barrels 21 are connected to the inlet pipe 18 and the drain pipe 19, respectively.

[0046] The one-way valve 27 includes a circular tube 270, a cross frame 271, a conical cylinder 272, and a piston ball 273. One end of the circular tube 270 is connected to the liquid outlet box 26, and the other end of the circular tube 270 is connected to the anti-rush bucket 21 at the bottom. The inner wall of the circular tube 270 is fixedly connected to the cross frame 271. One end of the conical cylinder 272 is fixedly connected to the cross frame 271 and they are in communication. The piston ball 273 is in rolling connection with the inner wall of the cross frame 271, and the inner wall of the conical cylinder 272 is in close contact with the outer periphery of the piston ball 273.

[0047] The heat transfer medium is injected into the tank 10 through the inlet cylinder 16, flows up and down through multiple baffles 15 and surrounds the heat exchange tube body 14, and finally flows out from the drain cylinder 17, completing the shell-side circulation of the heat exchanger. At the same time, the medium solution is injected into the anti-surge tank 21 at the top of the baffle 110 through the inlet pipe 18. Under the action of the anti-surge and wear-resistant component 2, the flow direction of the medium solution is changed, so that it passes horizontally through the plug 20 and is injected into the heat exchange tube body 14 at the top. It flows into the second tube box 12 through the heat exchange tube body 14, and flows back into the anti-surge tube at the bottom of the baffle 110 through the heat exchange tube body 14 at the bottom of the baffle 110, and finally is discharged from the drain pipe 19, completing the tube-side circulation of the heat exchanger. At the same time, during the circulation process, the heat of the heat transfer medium liquid and the medium solution are transferred to each other, completing the heat exchange process.

[0048] When the medium solution is injected into the anti-rush tank 21 at the top, the medium solution flows downwards and washes against the turbine fan 23, causing it to rotate. Simultaneously, it drives the shaft 22 and fan blades 24 to rotate, slowing the flow rate of the medium solution and changing it from vertical flow to a regular horizontal rotation. The medium solution forms a vortex within the anti-rush tank 21, eliminating turbulence and reducing wear on the tube ends, thus extending the service life of the heat exchanger. Subsequently, the medium solution smoothly flows from the edge of the vortex through the inlet box 25 and the plug 20 into the heat exchange tube body 14. When the medium solution flows out from the bottom of the heat exchange tube body 14, it enters the outlet box 26 through the plug 20, then pushes the piston ball 273 against the cross frame 271, causing the medium solution to flow into the backflushing tank at the bottom, forming a vortex again. When the medium solution flows back, it pushes the piston ball against the inner wall of the conical cylinder 272, blocking the one-way valve 27, thus preventing the medium solution from flowing back into the heat exchange tube body 14 and further reducing wear.

[0049] Furthermore, since the anti-surge tank 21 is a hollow conical barrel structure, the top diameter of the top anti-surge tank 21 is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the bottom anti-surge tank 21 is smaller than its top diameter. When the medium solution forms a vortex in the top anti-surge tube, the rotation speed gradually increases from bottom to top, which gradually increases the centrifugal force. Also, since the water pressure of the medium solution at the bottom of the anti-surge tank 21 is greater than the water pressure at the top of the anti-surge tank 21, the two are balanced, balancing the pressure inside the top anti-surge tank 21. Meanwhile, the vortex formed by the medium solution in the bottom anti-surge tank 21 can quickly discharge it through the drain pipe 19, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown:

[0051] The pressure stabilization assembly 3 includes multiple flow channel switching mechanisms 30, a pressure boosting follow-up mechanism 31, and a high-pressure alarm mechanism 32. The flow channel switching mechanism 30 includes a baffle plate 300, a pair of first tension springs 301, and a limiting ring 302. The bottom of the baffle plate 300 passes through the top wall of the liquid inlet box 25 and is slidably connected thereto. The outer periphery of the baffle plate 300 is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet box 25. One end of the first tension spring 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate 300, and the other end of the first tension spring 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box 25. The bottom of the limiting ring 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box 25, and the inner wall of the limiting ring 302 is slidably connected to one side of the top of the baffle plate 300. The pressure boosting follow-up mechanism 31 and the high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 are both installed on the top anti-rush barrel 21. The pressure boosting follow-up mechanism 31 is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switching mechanism 30, and the high-pressure alarm mechanism 32 is used to warn of excessive pressure inside the anti-rush barrel 21.

[0052] The pressurization follow-up mechanism 31 includes a float 310, an L-shaped rod 311, multiple tie rods 312 and multiple telescopic rods 313. The top of the float 310 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod 311. The L-shaped rod 311 passes through the top wall of the anti-rush barrel 21 and is slidably connected to it. The tie rods 312 are installed on the L-shaped rod 311 through the telescopic rods 313. The top of one end of the tie rod 312 abuts against the other side of the top of the baffle plate 300.

[0053] The telescopic rod 313 includes a cylinder 314, a slide rod 315, and a second tension spring 316. The top of the cylinder 314 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod 311. The top of the slide rod 315 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 314. One end of the second tension spring 316 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder 314, and the other end of the second tension spring 316 is fixedly connected to the top of the slide rod 315. The bottom of the slide rod 315 is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the pull rod 312.

[0054] As the medium solution in the anti-surge tank 21 gradually increases, the pressure inside the anti-surge tank 21 gradually increases, pushing the float 310 to move upward and simultaneously causing the L-shaped rod 311 to slide upward. At this time, the telescopic rod 313 is lifted and drives the pull rod 312 to press against the baffle plate 300. As the float 310 continues to rise, the cylinder 314 rises and the second tension spring 316 is stretched, causing the telescopic rod 313 to extend. At the same time, the slide rod 315 drives the pull rod 312 to lift the baffle plate 300, and the first tension spring 301 is stretched, causing the liquid inlet box 25 to open sequentially from bottom to top. The medium solution flows into the heat exchange tube body 14 through the liquid inlet box 25 for heat exchange.

[0055] Furthermore, the tension of the first tension spring 301 is less than that of the second tension spring 316. Therefore, when the second tension spring 316 is stretched, the first tension spring 301 is in its ultimate tension state. This causes the multiple flow channel switching mechanisms 30 to open sequentially from low to high as the float 310 moves upward. As the pressure inside the anti-surge tank 21 increases, the heat exchange tube body 14 connected to it gradually increases to adapt to and stabilize the internal pressure of the anti-surge tank 21, preventing excessive pressure from aggravating wear on the tube heads. When the pressure decreases, the float 310 descends, the first spring 323 rebounds first, followed by the second spring 325, causing the multiple flow channel switching mechanisms 30 to close sequentially from high to low.

[0056] like Figures 5 to 10 As shown:

[0057] The high-voltage alarm mechanism 32 includes a housing 320, a limiting block 321, a push rod 322, a pair of first springs 323, a striking rod 324, a pair of second springs 325, and an alarm bell 326. The housing 320 passes through and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the anti-impact barrel 21 at the top. The top of the limiting block 321 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing 320. The push rod 322 passes through and is slidably connected to the limiting block 321. One end of the first spring 323 is fixedly connected to the push rod 322, and the other end of the first spring 323 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 321. An L-shaped rod 311 passes through and is slidably connected to the housing 320. A through-hole is provided on one side of the L-shaped rod 311. The vertical groove 3110 is connected to the striking rod 324, which passes through the vertical groove 3110 and is slidably connected to it. One end of the second spring 325 is fixedly connected to the striking rod 324, and the other end of the second spring 325 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove 3110. The top of the warning bell 326 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing 320. When the float 310 is at the bottom of the anti-impact barrel 21, one end of the push rod 322 is slidably connected to the vertical groove 3110, and the striking rod 324 is separated from the warning bell 326. When the float 310 is at the top of the anti-impact barrel 21, one end of the push rod 322 and one end of the striking rod 324 abut against each other, and the other end of the striking rod 324 abuts against the warning bell 326.

[0058] The high-voltage alarm mechanism 32 also includes a pair of pulleys 327, a round shaft 328, and a square plate 329. The round shaft 328 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 320. One of the pulleys 327 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft 328. The rotating shaft 22 passes through the housing 320 and is rotatably connected to it. The other pulley 327 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22. The two pulleys 327 are driven by a belt. The square plate 329 is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft 328. The outer periphery of the square plate 329 abuts against the other end of the push rod 322.

[0059] When the pressure inside the anti-surge barrel 21 is lower than the warning value, one end of the push rod 322 is slidably connected to the vertical groove 3110 but does not contact the striking rod 324. At this time, the striking rod 324 is stationary, and the warning bell 326 does not work. When the pressure inside the anti-surge barrel 21 exceeds the warning value, the float 310 drives the L-shaped rod 311 to rise to the top. At this time, the push rod 322 is aligned with the striking rod 324. As the turbofan 23 rotates, the rotating shaft 22 drives one of the pulleys 327 to rotate. At the same time, through the belt drive between the two pulleys 327, the round shaft 328 drives the square plate 329 to rotate synchronously within the shell 320. As the square plate 329 rotates, its outer periphery abuts against the push rod 322, pushing the push rod 322 to slide horizontally within the limiting block 321. At this time, the first spring 323 repeatedly stretches and rebounds, causing the push rod 322 to slide horizontally back and forth, thereby pushing the striking rod 324 to slide horizontally within the vertical groove 3110, rapidly striking the warning bell 326, causing the warning bell 326 to vibrate and emit an alarm sound, indicating that the pressure inside the anti-impact barrel 21 is too high. During this process, the second spring 325 repeatedly stretches and rebounds, ensuring that the striking rod 324 remains in contact with the push rod 322, thus rapidly striking the warning bell 326.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown:

[0061] The quick-release mechanism includes multiple bolts 40, multiple gears 41, a toothed ring 42, a U-shaped slide rail 43, and a T-shaped slider 44. The multiple bolts 40 are circumferentially distributed around the first tube box 11. One end of the bolt 40 passes through the side wall of the first tube box 11 and is threadedly connected to the tank body 10. The gears 41 are coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the bolts 40. An annular groove 111 is provided on the side wall of the first tube box 11. The toothed ring 42 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 111. The toothed ring 42 and the gear 41 mesh with each other. The U-shaped slide rail 43 is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body 10. The T-shaped slider 44 is fixedly connected to the first tube box 11 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail 43.

[0062] The plug 20, which connects to the heat exchange tube body 14, replaces the function of the tube head of the heat exchange tube body 14. Since the plug 20 is connected to the inlet box 25 and the outlet box 26 by threads, when replacement is needed, only one bolt 40 needs to be rotated to drive the gear 41 around it to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between the gear 41 and the gear ring 42, multiple bolts 40 can be rotated at the same time. As the bolt 40 separates from the tank 10, the plug 20 also separates from the heat exchange tube body 14. At the same time, the T-shaped slider 44 slides horizontally along the U-shaped slide rail 43. Then, the first tube box 11 is rotated, so that the T-shaped slider 44 rotates in the U-shaped slide rail 43, which can open the first tube box 11. Then, the severely worn plug 20 is unscrewed and replaced with a new one. The above operation is repeated in reverse. When the first tube box 11 is rotated and reset, the plug 20 is aligned with the heat exchange tube body 14. Finally, the bolt 40 is reversed to complete the replacement of the plug 20. The operation is convenient.

[0063] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to the present invention. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, some terminology used in this specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for the purpose of clearly describing the positional relationships and functions of the components.

Claims

1. A structure for preventing impact on the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger tube in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger, comprising multiple plugs (20), the heat exchanger body (1) comprising a tank (10), a first tube box (11), and multiple heat exchanger tube bodies (14), the heat exchanger tube bodies (14) being fixedly installed inside the tank (10), partitions (110) being fixedly connected between the inner walls of the first tube box (11), the multiple plugs (20) being symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partitions (110), one end of the plug (20) being inserted into the heat exchanger tube body (14), characterized in that, It also includes a pair of anti-surge barrels (21), an anti-surge and wear-resistant component (2), a pressure stabilizing component (3), and a quick-release component (4). The two anti-surge barrels (21) are symmetrically distributed on the top and bottom of the partition (110) and fixedly connected to it. The first pipe box (11) is installed at one end of the tank body (10) through the quick-release component (4). The anti-surge and wear-resistant component (2) includes a rotating shaft (22), a turbine fan (23), multiple fan blades (24), multiple liquid inlet boxes (25), a liquid outlet box (26), and a one-way valve (27). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the partition (110) and is rotatably connected to it. The turbine fan (23) is coaxially connected to the top of the rotating shaft (22), and the fan blades (24) are connected to the rotating shaft (22). The outer coaxial connection has multiple rotating shafts (22) located in two anti-surge barrels (21) respectively. The liquid inlet box (25) and the liquid outlet box (26) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first tube box (11). One end of the liquid inlet box (25) is connected to one side of the anti-surge barrel (21) at the top. The other side of the liquid inlet box (25) is connected to the heat exchange tube body (14) through the plug (20). One end of the liquid outlet box (26) is connected to the anti-surge barrel (21) at the bottom through the one-way valve (27). The other end of the liquid outlet box (26) is connected to the heat exchange tube body (14) through the plug (20). The pressure stabilizing component (3) is installed in the first tube box (11). The pressure stabilizing component (3) is used to balance the hydraulic pressure in the anti-surge barrel (21).

2. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-rush barrel (21) is a hollow conical barrel structure. The top diameter of the anti-rush barrel (21) at the top is smaller than its bottom diameter, and the bottom diameter of the anti-rush barrel (21) at the bottom is smaller than its top diameter. The inlet box (25) and the outlet box (26) are both horizontally arranged. The other end of the multiple plugs (20) are threadedly connected to the inlet box (25) and the outlet box (26) respectively.

3. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature, high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger body (1) also includes a second tube box (12), a pair of tube sheets (13), multiple baffles (15), an inlet cylinder (16), and a drain cylinder (17). The second tube box (12) is fixedly connected to the other end of the tank (10). The outer peripheries of the two tube sheets (13) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of the tank (10). The two ends of the heat exchange tube body (14) pass through the two tube sheets (13) and are fixedly connected to them. The bottom of the inlet cylinder (16) is connected to the top of one end of the tank (10), and the top of the drain cylinder (17) is connected to the tank (10). The other end is connected to the bottom, and multiple baffles (15) are staggered inside the tank (10). Multiple baffles (15) are fixedly connected to the top wall and bottom wall of the tank (10) respectively. The baffles (15) are fixedly connected to the periphery of the heat exchange tube body (14). The heat exchange tube body (14) and the partition (110) are both horizontally arranged. The top and bottom of the first tube box (11) are connected to the liquid inlet pipe (18) and the liquid outlet pipe (19) respectively. Two anti-rush buckets (21) are connected to the liquid inlet pipe (18) and the liquid outlet pipe (19) respectively.

4. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure stabilizing assembly (3) includes multiple flow channel switching mechanisms (30), a pressure boosting follow-up mechanism (31), and a high-pressure alarm mechanism (32). The flow channel switching mechanism (30) includes a baffle plate (300), a pair of first tension springs (301), and a limiting ring (302). The bottom of the baffle plate (300) passes through the top wall of the liquid inlet box (25) and is slidably connected to it. The outer periphery of the baffle plate (300) is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet box (25). One end of the first tension spring (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle plate (300). The other end of the tension spring (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box (25), the bottom of the limiting ring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid inlet box (25), the inner wall of the limiting ring (302) is slidably connected to the top side of the baffle plate (300), the pressure boosting follow-up mechanism (31) and the high pressure alarm mechanism (32) are both installed on the top anti-rush barrel (21), the pressure boosting follow-up mechanism (31) is used to control the opening and closing of the flow channel switch mechanism (30), and the high pressure alarm mechanism (32) is used to warn that the pressure inside the anti-rush barrel (21) is too high.

5. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressurization follow-up mechanism (31) includes a float (310), an L-shaped rod (311), multiple tie rods (312) and multiple telescopic rods (313). The top of the float (310) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod (311). The L-shaped rod (311) passes through the top wall of the anti-rush barrel (21) and is slidably connected to it. The tie rod (312) is installed on the L-shaped rod (311) through the telescopic rod (313). The top of one end of the tie rod (312) abuts against the other side of the top of the baffle plate (300).

6. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (313) includes a cylinder (314), a slide rod (315), and a second tension spring (316). The top of the cylinder (314) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped rod (311), the top of the slide rod (315) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (314), one end of the second tension spring (316) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the cylinder (314), the other end of the second tension spring (316) is fixedly connected to the top of the slide rod (315), and the bottom of the slide rod (315) is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the pull rod (312).

7. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-voltage alarm mechanism (32) includes a housing (320), a limiting block (321), a push rod (322), a pair of first springs (323), a striking rod (324), a pair of second springs (325), and an alarm bell (326). The housing (320) passes through and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the anti-impact barrel (21) at the top. The top of the limiting block (321) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing (320). The push rod (322) passes through and is slidably connected to the limiting block (321). One end of the first spring (323) is fixedly connected to the push rod (322). The other end of the first spring (323) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (321), the L-shaped rod (311) passes through the housing (320) and is slidably connected to it, a through vertical groove (3110) is provided on one side of the L-shaped rod (311), the striking rod (324) passes through the vertical groove (3110) and is slidably connected to it, one end of the second spring (325) is fixedly connected to the striking rod (324), the other end of the second spring (325) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove (3110), and the top of the warning bell (326) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing (320); When the float (310) is at the bottom of the anti-rush barrel (21), one end of the push rod (322) is slidably connected to the vertical groove (3110), and the striking rod (324) is separated from the warning bell (326); When the float (310) is on top of the anti-rush barrel (21), one end of the push rod (322) and one end of the striking rod (324) are in contact with each other, and the other end of the striking rod (324) is in contact with the warning bell (326).

8. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-voltage alarm mechanism (32) also includes a pair of pulleys (327), a round shaft (328), and a square plate (329). The round shaft (328) is rotatably installed inside the housing (320). One of the pulleys (327) is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft (328). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the housing (320) and is rotatably connected to it. The other pulley (327) is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (22). The two pulleys (327) are driven by a belt. The square plate (329) is coaxially connected to the outer periphery of the round shaft (328). The outer periphery of the square plate (329) abuts against the other end of the push rod (322).

9. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-release mechanism includes multiple bolts (40), multiple gears (41), a toothed ring (42), a U-shaped slide rail (43), and a T-shaped slider (44). The multiple bolts (40) are distributed in a circle around the periphery of the first tube box (11). One end of the bolt (40) passes through the side wall of the first tube box (11) and is threadedly connected to the tank body (10). The gear (41) is coaxially connected to the periphery of the bolt (40). The side wall of the first tube box (11) is provided with an annular groove (111). The toothed ring (42) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (111). The toothed ring (42) and the gear (41) mesh with each other. The U-shaped slide rail (43) is fixedly connected to one side of the tank body (10). The T-shaped slider (44) is fixedly connected to the first tube box (11). The T-shaped slider (44) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped slide rail (43).

10. The anti-impact structure for the tube head of a solid medium heat exchanger in a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The one-way valve (27) includes a round tube (270), a cross frame (271), a conical cylinder (272), and a piston ball (273). One end of the round tube (270) is connected to the liquid outlet box (26), and the other end of the round tube (270) is connected to the bottom anti-rush bucket (21). The inner wall of the round tube (270) is fixedly connected to the cross frame (271). One end of the conical cylinder (272) is fixedly connected to the cross frame (271) and they are interconnected. The piston ball (273) is rolledly connected to the inner wall of the cross frame (271), and the inner wall of the conical cylinder (272) is in close contact with the outer periphery of the piston ball (273).

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