Remotely controlled blasting vibration monitoring device and blasting method capable of automatically pointing to blasting source

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of blasting automation control, and relates to a blasting vibration monitoring device and a blasting method that are remotely controlled and automatically pointed to the blasting source. The device includes a vibration meter and a chassis; the chassis includes a chassis inner plate, a chassis outer plate, and a rigid spring member; the vibration meter is arranged on the rigid spring member; the rigid spring member is arranged on the chassis inner plate; the chassis inner plate is arranged above the chassis outer plate; a DC motor and a DC motor driver are fixedly arranged at the center of the chassis outer plate; and a driving gear is fixedly arranged at the center of the chassis inner plate. The present invention does not require the use of gypsum powder mixed with water to fix the vibration measuring device, and does not require repeated movement and installation; the blasting vibration monitoring device can make the reference coordinate axis of the vibration measuring sensor point to the blasting source through remote monitoring, and the reliability of the vibration measuring data is higher, the test accuracy is better, and the stability is strong; the initial cutting groove row spacing, compensation space length, and inter-row delay time are set according to the smooth blasting conditions, which can ensure smooth blasting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of blasting automation control, and in particular relates to a blasting vibration monitoring device and a blasting method capable of being remotely controlled and automatically pointed to a blasting source. Background Art

[0002] As an important means of metal mining, rock drilling and blasting technology is widely used in open-pit mines, tunneling, and other mining operations. While blasting operations can create huge benefits for economic development, the resulting blasting vibrations can cause various hazards to the surrounding environment and even affect production efficiency. Therefore, blasting vibration monitoring is necessary. Mining a mining area typically requires frequent blasting operations, and the use of portable blasting vibration meters is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Permanent or semi-permanent measurement points must be found and fixed blasting vibration meters installed at these points. Operators can remotely control the instrument and obtain field data through network terminals such as computers or mobile phones without leaving their homes.

[0003] Existing blasting vibration meters consist of a display, sensor, and antenna, and the X-axis coordinate on the sensor is always pointed in the direction of the blast source. When installing the sensor, it is necessary to mix gypsum powder with water and apply it to the ground surface to determine the direction, and press to ensure the sensor is level. Before the blasting is carried out, a phone card with internet access is inserted into the instrument, the instrument is fixed with a clamp, and the instrument is connected to the power supply. You can leave the site and remotely access the instrument through the client at a different location. After completing the parameter settings and starting the data acquisition, the instrument enters the working state. When the vibration signal of each blast is transmitted, the instrument automatically records and stores the vibration signal and uploads the entire dynamic waveform collected to the data center in real time. A few minutes after each blast, the user can analyze the uploaded data through the client at a different location and prepare the corresponding type of monitoring report according to needs.

[0004] For each blasting vibration signal collection, the portable blasting vibrometer may need to move and rotate the sensor multiple times. In addition, the portable blasting vibrometer needs to be fixed to the ground using a mixture of gypsum powder and water. After moving it several times, gypsum powder will remain on the sensor, making it inconvenient to use, reducing installation efficiency, testing efficiency, and installation reliability. This also affects test accuracy. After the blasting vibrometer is installed, the direction of the X-axis on the sensor is fixed. For each blasting operation, the direction of the blast source is not fixed, so there will be deviations in the collection of vibration signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a blasting vibration monitoring device and method that are remotely controlled and automatically pointed to the blasting source.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a blasting vibration monitoring device that is remotely controlled and automatically pointed at a blast source, comprising a vibration meter and a chassis;

[0007] The chassis includes an inner chassis plate, an outer chassis plate, and a rigid spring member; a vibration meter is arranged on the rigid spring member; the rigid spring member is arranged on the inner chassis plate; a DC motor and a DC motor driver are fixedly arranged at the center of the outer chassis plate; a driving gear is fixedly arranged at the center of the inner chassis plate;

[0008] The DC motor driver is connected to the control input terminal of the DC motor by electrical signal; the output terminal of the DC motor is connected to the driving gear;

[0009] The vibration meter includes a housing, a vibration sensor, an orientation sensor, a control unit, a communication unit, an antenna unit, and a display unit; the vibration sensor, orientation sensor, control unit, and communication unit are arranged inside the housing; the antenna unit and the display unit are arranged outside the housing; the vibration sensor, orientation sensor, and input terminals of the control unit are electrically connected; the output terminal of the control unit is electrically connected to the communication unit, the display unit, and the DC motor driver respectively; and the antenna unit is electrically connected to the communication unit.

[0010] A plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer plate of the chassis.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a remotely controlled blasting vibration monitoring method automatically pointing to a blasting source, comprising:

[0012] Use bolts to fix the chassis outer plate to the ground, connect the vibration meter and DC motor to the power supply, and connect the vibration meter to the ground control terminal for communication;

[0013] The vibration meter uses an orientation sensor to obtain orientation data, selects a reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor, and initializes the direction of the reference coordinate axis according to the orientation data;

[0014] The ground control terminal sends the explosion source coordinates to the vibration meter;

[0015] The control unit of the vibration meter calculates the difference between the initial direction of the reference coordinate axis and the direction of the explosion source, determines the rotation angle of the chassis inner plate and generates an action command;

[0016] The control unit of the vibration meter sends an action instruction to the DC motor driver to drive the DC motor to operate. The DC motor drives the inner disk of the chassis to rotate so that the reference coordinate axis direction of the vibration sensor points to the explosion source;

[0017] The vibration meter collects vibration signals through vibration sensors and uploads them to the server, which analyzes and processes the vibration signals to obtain the peak vibration velocity.

[0018] The server calculates the distance from the explosion center based on the location of the explosion source and the location of the vibration meter, and performs regression fitting analysis on the attenuation of the peak vibration velocity based on the amount of explosive to obtain the blasting vibration attenuation model.

[0019] When executing a blasting task, the server sets the constraint condition of the maximum safe charge per single shot, takes the distance from the blasting center as input, and determines the optimal charge amount based on the blasting vibration attenuation model as the final analysis and processing result;

[0020] The server sends the final analysis and processing results to the ground control terminal and the user terminal;

[0021] The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting. Based on these conditions, the server sets the initial row spacing, compensation space length, and row delay time for the cutting grooves, and executes the blasting task.

[0022] The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting, including:

[0023] The server determines the compensation coefficient based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded;

[0024] Determine the rock expansion coefficient based on the compensation coefficient;

[0025] Determine the compensation ratio based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded;

[0026] Calculate the blasting direction ratio based on the length of the compensation space and the volume of the object to be blasted;

[0027] Determine the expression for the micro-difference blasting interval time based on the row spacing of the cutting grooves, the optimal amount of explosive, the explosive detonation velocity and the quality of the ore to be blasted;

[0028] The spacing of the cutting grooves in the next well expansion zone is calculated based on the product of the spacing of the cutting grooves in the previous well expansion zone and the rock expansion coefficient. The delay time between each well expansion zone and the previous well expansion zone is calculated based on the expression of the micro-difference blasting interval time.

[0029] The reference thresholds of the compensation ratio, the blasting pointing ratio and the inter-row delay time are set to obtain smooth blasting conditions.

[0030] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0031] Furthermore, a first power interface and a second power interface are provided on the side of the vibration meter; the first power interface is electrically connected to the control unit; and the second power interface is electrically connected to the DC motor driver.

[0032] Furthermore, the vibration meter also includes a positioning unit; the positioning unit is connected to the control unit via electrical signals.

[0033] Furthermore, the rigid spring member includes a first rigid plate, a spring assembly and a second rigid plate; the first rigid plate is arranged at one end of the spring assembly, and the second rigid plate is arranged at the other end of the spring assembly; the first rigid plate and the second rigid plate are connected through the spring assembly; the second rigid plate is arranged on the inner plate of the chassis; the driving gear is arranged at the bottom center of the inner plate of the chassis, and the output end of the DC motor is connected to the driving gear.

[0034] Furthermore, the diameter of the first rigid plate is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the second rigid plate; the diameter of the second rigid plate is smaller than the diameter of the inner plate of the chassis; and the diameter of the inner plate of the chassis is smaller than the diameter of the outer plate of the chassis.

[0035] Furthermore, buttons are provided on the side of the vibration meter; the display unit includes a touch screen and an indicator light; the touch screen and the indicator light are respectively connected to the control unit via electrical signals.

[0036] Furthermore, assuming that the peak vibration velocity is v, the distance from the explosion center is R, the amount of explosive is Q, the site coefficient is K, and the attenuation exponent is α, the blasting vibration attenuation model can be expressed as:

[0037]

[0038] Furthermore, let the maximum single-shot safe dose be Q max , the peak vibration velocity is v, the distance from the explosion center is R, the site coefficient is K, and the attenuation exponent is α, then the constraint condition of the maximum single-shot safe charge is expressed as:

[0039]

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] (1) There is no need to fix the vibration measuring device on the ground by mixing gypsum powder with water. There is no need to move it repeatedly. It only needs to be installed once, and the uploaded vibration data can be analyzed through the client at the remote terminal;

[0042] (2) The blasting vibration monitoring device can point the reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor to the blast source through remote monitoring, which increases the reliability of the vibration data, improves the test accuracy, and strengthens the test stability;

[0043] (3) Under the premise of ensuring that all explosive charges are within the maximum single-shot safe charge range, the maximum single-shot charge affected by a single blast is calculated. Compared with the traditional slot blasting method, the unit consumption of explosives is reduced, the blasting vibration is weakened, and the damage to the filling body caused by the blasting load is reduced, thus ensuring production safety;

[0044] (4) The initial row spacing, compensation space length and row delay time of the cutting grooves are set according to the conditions for smooth blasting to ensure smooth blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blasting vibration monitoring device that is remotely controlled and automatically pointed to the blast source;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a top view of the chassis;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the chassis structure;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a side view of the vibration meter;

[0049] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a blasting vibration monitoring method that automatically points to the blast source under remote control.

[0050] Icon: 101-housing; 102-antenna unit; 103-display unit; 1031-touch screen; 1032-indicator light; 201-chassis inner plate; 202-chassis outer plate; 2021-through hole; 203-rigid spring member; 2011-first rigid plate; 2012-spring assembly; 2013-second rigid plate; 3-DC motor; 4-drive gear; 501-first power interface; 502-second power interface; 6-button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] As an example, Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above technical problems, this embodiment provides a blasting vibration monitoring device that is remotely controlled and automatically pointed to the blast source, including a vibration meter and a chassis;

[0054] The chassis includes a chassis inner plate 201, a chassis outer plate 202 and a rigid spring member 203; the vibration meter is arranged on the rigid spring member 203; the rigid spring member 203 is arranged on the chassis inner plate 201; as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, a DC motor 3 and a DC motor driver are fixedly provided at the center of the chassis outer disk 202; a driving gear 4 is fixedly provided at the center of the chassis inner disk 201;

[0055] The DC motor driver is electrically connected to the control input terminal of the DC motor 3; the output terminal of the DC motor 3 is connected to the driving gear 4;

[0056] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the vibrometer includes a housing 101, a vibration sensor, an orientation sensor, a control unit, a communication unit, an antenna unit 102, and a display unit 103; the vibration sensor, orientation sensor, control unit, and communication unit are arranged inside the housing 101; the antenna unit 102 and the display unit 103 are arranged outside the housing 101; the vibration sensor, orientation sensor, and input terminals of the control unit are electrically connected to each other; the output terminal of the control unit is electrically connected to the communication unit, the display unit 103, and the DC motor driver, respectively; and the antenna unit 102 is electrically connected to the communication unit.

[0057] As attached Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of through holes 2021 are provided on the chassis outer plate 202 .

[0058] In actual application, a chassis made of rigid material is installed under the vibrometer. The chassis is divided into a chassis inner plate 201, a chassis outer plate 202 and a rigid spring member 203. Bolts are driven into the ground through through holes 2021 on the chassis outer plate 202 to fix the chassis to the ground. The rigid spring member 203 is connected to the vibrometer, forming a rigid connection between the ground, chassis and vibrometer, thereby enhancing the intensity of vibration signal collection.

[0059] The built-in controller of the vibration meter controls the DC motor driver to drive the drive gear to rotate a maximum of 180 degrees in the horizontal direction. Similarly, the DC motor applies pressure to the rigid spring member to achieve an angle of rotation between the vertical direction and the horizontal plane of -45 degrees and 45 degrees (with the horizontal plane upward being greater than 0 degrees and the horizontal plane downward being less than 0 degrees). In this way, the X-axis on the vibration meter can accurately point in the direction of the explosion source.

[0060] The operator can load the three-dimensional topographic map of the mine through remote terminals such as computers and mobile phones, enter the coordinate data of the blasting source on the remote terminal, and upload it to the server. The server calculates the position relationship and direction of the blasting source and the blasting vibrometer on the map, and generates a DC motor rotation instruction to the control unit on the vibration meter end. The control unit controls the operation of the DC motor, and the DC motor rotates the vibration meter by driving the gear. The reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor of the vibration meter accurately points to the direction of the blasting source.

[0061] The communication unit uses a GSM module or a LTE module to achieve remote data transmission.

[0062] As an optional implementation, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, a first power interface 501 and a second power interface 502 are provided on the side of the vibration meter; the first power interface 501 is electrically connected to the control unit; and the second power interface 502 is electrically connected to the DC motor driver.

[0063] Two wires are set on the side of the vibration meter. The first power interface 501 provides power support for the vibration meter, and the second power interface 502 is connected to the DC motor on the chassis to provide power to the DC motor.

[0064] As an optional implementation, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, bolts are provided in the through holes on the chassis outer plate 202 , and the bolts pass through the through holes 2021 to fix the chassis outer plate 202 to the ground.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the vibration meter further includes a positioning unit; the positioning unit is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0066] By setting up a positioning unit, it is possible to collect positioning data from the vibration meters and upload this data to the server, obtaining the position data of each vibration meter. The server can then analyze data from multiple vibration meters simultaneously based on the position data of each vibration meter.

[0067] As an optional implementation, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the rigid spring member 203 includes a first rigid plate 2011, a spring assembly 2012 and a second rigid plate 2013; the first rigid plate 2011 is arranged at one end of the spring assembly 2012, and the second rigid plate 2013 is arranged at the other end of the spring assembly 2012; the first rigid plate 2011 and the second rigid plate 2013 are connected through the spring assembly 2012; the second rigid plate 2013 is arranged on the chassis inner plate 201; the driving gear 4 is arranged at the bottom center of the chassis inner plate 201, and the output end of the DC motor 3 is connected to the driving gear 4.

[0068] As an optional implementation, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the first rigid plate 2011 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the second rigid plate 2012 ; the diameter of the second rigid plate 2012 is smaller than the diameter of the chassis inner plate 201 ; and the diameter of the chassis inner plate 201 is smaller than the diameter of the chassis outer plate 202 .

[0069] The chassis outer disk 202 can support the chassis inner disk. When the DC motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the diameter of the chassis outer disk 202 is larger than the diameter of the chassis inner disk, which can protect the chassis inner disk.

[0070] As an optional implementation, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, a button 6 is further provided on the side of the vibration meter; the display unit 103 includes a touch screen 1031 and an indicator light 1032; the touch screen 1031 and the indicator light 1032 are respectively connected to the control unit for electrical signals.

[0071] By setting button 6, the operator can manually input direction data. The control unit calculates the difference between the initial direction of the reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor and the direction of the explosion source, determines the rotation angle of the inner plate of the chassis and generates an action instruction. The control unit controls the operation of the DC motor. The DC motor drives the gear to rotate the vibration meter, and the vibration sensor of the vibration meter accurately points to the direction of the explosion source.

[0072] The device only needs to be installed once, and the uploaded vibration data can be analyzed remotely through the client. The X-axis orientation of the sensor on a traditional fixed-type blasting vibrometer is immutable. However, for engineering blasting, the blast source location is not fixed for each blasting operation, so the X-axis on the sensor cannot be perfectly pointed in the direction of the blast source. As a result, the collected blasting vibration signal will be very weak. Compared with traditional fixed-type blasting vibrometers, the device of the present invention can achieve 180° horizontal rotation and vertical rotation with an angle of -45° to 45° relative to the horizontal plane (with the horizontal plane upward being greater than 0° and the horizontal plane downward being less than 0°). This solves the problem of fixed-type blasting vibrometers being unable to rotate. It also allows remote input of the blast source coordinates, and the vibrometer's X-axis will automatically point in the direction of the blast source. After a single installation, the operator can modify the uploaded data remotely through the client. Compared with traditional blasting vibrometers, this remote-controlled blasting vibration monitoring device that automatically points to the blast source has greatly improved testing efficiency, higher test reliability, better test accuracy, and stronger test stability.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Based on the same principle as the device shown in Example 1 of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a blasting vibration monitoring method that is remotely controlled and automatically pointed to the blast source, comprising:

[0075] Use bolts to fix the chassis outer plate to the ground, connect the vibration meter and DC motor to the power supply, and connect the vibration meter to the ground control terminal for communication;

[0076] The vibration meter uses an orientation sensor to obtain orientation data, selects a reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor, and initializes the direction of the reference coordinate axis according to the orientation data;

[0077] The ground control terminal sends the explosion source coordinates to the vibration meter;

[0078] The control unit of the vibration meter calculates the difference between the initial direction of the reference coordinate axis and the direction of the explosion source, determines the rotation angle of the chassis inner plate and generates an action command;

[0079] The control unit of the vibration meter sends an action instruction to the DC motor driver to drive the DC motor to operate. The DC motor drives the inner disk of the chassis to rotate so that the reference coordinate axis direction of the vibration sensor points to the explosion source;

[0080] The vibration meter collects vibration signals through vibration sensors and uploads them to the server, which analyzes and processes the vibration signals to obtain the peak vibration velocity.

[0081] The server calculates the distance from the explosion center based on the location of the explosion source and the location of the vibration meter, and performs regression fitting analysis on the attenuation of the peak vibration velocity based on the amount of explosive to obtain the blasting vibration attenuation model.

[0082] When executing a blasting task, the server sets the constraint condition of the maximum safe charge per single shot, takes the distance from the blast center as input, and determines the optimal charge amount based on the blasting vibration attenuation model as the final analysis and processing result;

[0083] The server sends the final analysis and processing results to the ground control terminal and the user terminal;

[0084] The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting. Based on these conditions, the server sets the initial row spacing, compensation space length, and row delay time for the cutting grooves, and executes the blasting task.

[0085] The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting, including:

[0086] The server determines the compensation coefficient based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded;

[0087] Determine the rock expansion coefficient based on the compensation coefficient;

[0088] Determine the compensation ratio based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded;

[0089] Calculate the blasting direction ratio based on the length of the compensation space and the volume of the object to be blasted;

[0090] Determine the expression for the micro-difference blasting interval time based on the row spacing of the cutting grooves, the optimal amount of explosive, the explosive detonation velocity and the quality of the ore to be blasted;

[0091] The spacing of the cutting grooves in the next well expansion zone is calculated based on the product of the spacing of the cutting grooves in the previous well expansion zone and the rock expansion coefficient. The delay time between each well expansion zone and the previous well expansion zone is calculated based on the expression of the micro-difference blasting interval time.

[0092] The reference thresholds of the compensation ratio, the blasting pointing ratio and the inter-row delay time are set to obtain smooth blasting conditions.

[0093] The present invention does not require the use of gypsum powder mixed with water to fix the vibration measuring device on the ground, and does not need to be moved repeatedly. It only needs to be installed once, and the uploaded vibration measurement data can be analyzed through the client at the remote terminal; the blasting vibration monitoring method can make the reference coordinate axis of the vibration measurement sensor point to the explosion source through remote monitoring, and the reliability of the vibration measurement data is higher, the test accuracy is better, and the test stability is strong.

[0094] The present invention realizes a blasting vibration meter that can accurately point to the explosion source through remote control of a blasting vibration monitoring device that automatically points to the explosion source. The blasting vibration meter can obtain accurate vibration signals. The server side analyzes the vibration signals to obtain peak vibration velocity. The vibration signal is attenuated during the propagation process. The attenuation law of the vibration signal is analyzed through experiments, and a blasting vibration attenuation model is constructed according to the existing attenuation law. After multiple blasting experiments, after removing experimental data with large errors, the obtained peak vibration velocity is subjected to regression analysis, and the parameters of the blasting vibration attenuation model are obtained by fitting.

[0095] Due to the existence of a maximum single-shot safe charge for cutting grooves, on the premise of ensuring that all detonating charges are within the maximum single-shot safe charge range, the maximum single-shot charge affected by a single blast is calculated using Sadovsky's empirical formula. Compared with the traditional groove blasting method, the unit consumption of explosives is reduced, the blasting vibration is weakened, and the damage to the filling body caused by the blasting load is reduced, thereby ensuring production safety.

[0096] The inter-row delay time refers to the time interval between the detonation of two adjacent rows of blast holes in a multi-row blast hole blasting operation.

[0097] The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting. The specific process is as follows:

[0098] Let the compensation coefficient be c f , the volume of the compensation space is v1, and the volume of the body to be exploded is v2, then:

[0099] c f =(v1+v2) / v2.

[0100] Generally speaking, the larger the compensation coefficient, the more effective the throwing of crushed rock. Generally, the drop of bulk material after being squeezed is not linearly correlated with the decrease in the rock expansion coefficient. Before the rock expansion coefficient reaches its limit (1.446), the bulk material can fall smoothly. When the rock expansion coefficient falls below this limit, the amount of bulk material falling is minimal. A rock expansion coefficient of 1.446 corresponds to a compensation coefficient of 44.6%, while the compensation coefficient for a loose state is 54.7%. Even if the crushed rock cannot be completely loosened, it can still fall smoothly within a certain range. The rock expansion coefficient that allows the bulk material to fall smoothly is the minimum compensation coefficient.

[0101] Let the compensation ratio be n f , nf =v1 / v2.

[0102] Assume the length of compensation space is l o , the length of the body to be exploded is l m , the directivity ratio is n t ,but:

[0103] n t =l o / l m .

[0104] Generally, blasting can be carried out smoothly when the pointing ratio is greater than 30% and the compensation ratio is greater than 40%.

[0105] The micro-difference blasting interval ensures that the front-row blast holes are thrown forward, creating a good free surface and compensation space for the rear-row blast holes.

[0106] Assume that t1 is the time from when the blasting stress wave propagates to the free surface and then turns back, t2 is the time from when the crack begins to form to when the crack expands to the free surface, t3 is the time from when the rock block starts to move to when it provides enough compensation space for the next layer blasting, and the micro-difference blasting interval is t, then t=t1+t2+t3.

[0107] In practical application, let H be the distance between rows, M be the mass of ore to be blasted, Q be the amount of explosives, and D be the detonation velocity of explosives, then:

[0108]

[0109] Assuming the rock expansion coefficient of compression blasting is 1.2, the spacing between the rows of cutting grooves in the subsequent well expansion zone is calculated by multiplying the spacing between the rows of cutting grooves in the previous well expansion zone by the rock expansion coefficient. Specific experiments show that when the spacing between rows is 1.2m, the interval between micro-differential blasting is 58ms, and when the spacing between rows is 1.3m, the interval between micro-differential blasting is 62ms.

[0110] Alternatively, assuming that the peak vibration velocity is v, the distance from the explosion center is R, the amount of explosive is Q, the site coefficient is K, and the attenuation exponent is α, the blasting vibration attenuation model can be expressed as:

[0111]

[0112] By importing the three-dimensional topographic map of the mine and inputting the coordinates of the blasting source, the server can obtain the positional relationship between the blasting source and the blasting vibration meter on the three-dimensional topographic map, thereby calculating the blast center distance R.

[0113] Optionally, set the maximum single-shot safe dose to Q max , the peak vibration velocity is v, the distance from the explosion center is R, the site coefficient is K, and the attenuation exponent is α, then the constraint condition of the maximum single-shot safe charge is expressed as:

[0114]

[0115] By setting the maximum safe charge per single shot, the consumption of explosives can be reduced, costs can be lowered, and the damage to the filling body caused by blasting vibration can be reduced, thus ensuring production safety.

[0116] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasting method based on a blasting vibration monitoring device that is automatically pointed to the blasting source under remote control, characterized in that: A blasting vibration monitoring device capable of remotely controlling and automatically pointing to an explosion source comprises a vibration meter and a chassis; the chassis comprises a chassis inner plate (201), a chassis outer plate (202) and a rigid spring member (203); the vibration meter is arranged on the rigid spring member (203); the rigid spring member (203) is arranged on the chassis inner plate (201); the chassis inner plate (201) is arranged above the chassis outer plate (202); a DC motor (3) and a DC motor driver are fixedly arranged at the center of the chassis outer plate (202); A driving gear (4) is fixedly provided at the center of the chassis inner plate (201); Blasting methods include: Fix the chassis outer plate (202) to the ground using bolts, connect the vibration meter and the DC motor (3) to power, and connect the vibration meter to the ground control terminal for communication; The vibration meter uses an orientation sensor to obtain orientation data, selects a reference coordinate axis of the vibration sensor, and initializes the direction of the reference coordinate axis according to the orientation data; The ground control terminal sends the explosion source coordinates to the vibration meter; The control unit of the vibration meter calculates the difference between the initial direction of the reference coordinate axis and the direction of the explosion source, determines the rotation angle of the chassis inner plate (1) and generates an action instruction; The control unit of the vibration meter sends an action instruction to the DC motor driver to drive the DC motor (3) to operate, and the DC motor (3) drives the chassis inner plate (201) to rotate, so that the reference coordinate axis direction of the vibration sensor points to the explosion source; The vibration meter collects vibration signals through vibration sensors and uploads them to the server, which analyzes and processes the vibration signals to obtain the peak vibration velocity. The server calculates the distance from the explosion center based on the location of the explosion source and the location of the vibration meter, and performs regression fitting analysis on the attenuation of the peak vibration velocity based on the amount of explosive to obtain the blasting vibration attenuation model. When executing a blasting task, the server sets the constraint condition of the maximum safe charge per single shot, takes the distance from the blast center as input, and determines the optimal charge amount based on the blasting vibration attenuation model as the final analysis and processing result; The server sends the final analysis and processing results to the ground control terminal and the user terminal; The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting. Based on these conditions, the server sets the initial row spacing, compensation space length, and row delay time for the cutting grooves, and executes the blasting task. The server processes the data and determines the conditions for successful blasting, including: The server determines the compensation coefficient based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded; Determine the rock expansion coefficient based on the compensation coefficient; Determine the compensation ratio based on the compensation space volume of the cutting groove and the volume of the object to be exploded; Calculate the blasting direction ratio based on the length of the compensation space and the volume of the object to be blasted; Determine the expression for the micro-difference blasting interval time based on the row spacing of the cutting grooves, the optimal amount of explosive, the explosive detonation velocity and the quality of the ore to be blasted; The spacing of the cutting grooves in the next well expansion zone is calculated based on the product of the spacing of the cutting grooves in the previous well expansion zone and the rock expansion coefficient. The delay time between each well expansion zone and the previous well expansion zone is calculated based on the expression of the micro-difference blasting interval time. The reference thresholds of the compensation ratio, the blasting pointing ratio and the inter-row delay time are set to obtain smooth blasting conditions.

2. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control automatically points to the blasting source is characterized in that: The DC motor driver is electrically connected to a control input terminal of the DC motor (3); the output terminal of the DC motor (3) is connected to a driving gear (4); The vibration meter comprises a housing (101), a vibration sensor, an orientation sensor, a control unit, a communication unit, an antenna unit and a display unit; the vibration sensor, the orientation sensor, the control unit and the communication unit are arranged in the housing (101); the antenna unit (102) and the display unit (103) are arranged outside the housing (101); the vibration sensor, the orientation sensor and the input end of the control unit are electrically connected; the output end of the control unit is electrically connected to the communication unit, the display unit (103) and the DC motor driver respectively; the antenna unit (102) is electrically connected to the communication unit; A plurality of through holes (2021) are provided on the chassis outer plate (202).

3. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control automatically points to the blasting source is characterized in that: A first power interface (501) and a second power interface (502) are provided on the side of the vibration meter; the first power interface (501) is electrically connected to the control unit; and the second power interface (502) is electrically connected to the DC motor driver.

4. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control automatically points to the blasting source is characterized in that: The vibration meter also includes a positioning unit; the positioning unit is connected to the control unit via electrical signals.

5. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control automatically points to the blasting source is characterized in that: The rigid spring member (203) comprises a first rigid plate (2011), a spring assembly (2012) and a second rigid plate (2013); the first rigid plate (2011) is arranged at one end of the spring assembly (2012), and the second rigid plate (2013) is arranged at the other end of the spring assembly (2012); the first rigid plate (2011) and the second rigid plate (2013) are connected via the spring assembly (2012); the second rigid plate (2013) is arranged on the chassis inner plate (201); the driving gear (4) is arranged at the bottom center of the chassis inner plate (201), and the output end of the DC motor (3) is connected to the driving gear (4).

6. The blasting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the first rigid plate (2011) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the second rigid plate (2013); the diameter of the second rigid plate (2013) is smaller than the diameter of the chassis inner plate (201); and the diameter of the chassis inner plate (201) is smaller than the diameter of the chassis outer plate (202).

7. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control and automatic pointing to the blasting source is characterized in that: A button (6) is also provided on the side of the vibration meter; the display unit (103) includes a touch screen (1031) and an indicator light (1032); the touch screen (1031) and the indicator light (1032) are respectively connected to the control unit via electrical signals.

8. The blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting vibration monitoring device based on remote control automatically points to the blasting source is characterized in that The peak vibration speed is , the explosion center distance is , the explosive charge is , the site coefficient is , the decay index is , then the blasting vibration attenuation model is expressed as: 。 9. The blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assume that the maximum single-shot safe dose is , the peak vibration velocity is , the explosion center distance is , the site coefficient is , the decay index is , then the constraint condition of the maximum single-shot safe dose is expressed as: 。

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