Test piece drop test platform and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery testing, and discloses a test piece drop test platform and method, and the test piece drop test platform comprises a test piece release assembly which has a first state for clamping a test piece and a second state for accelerating the test piece to reach a preset test speed; the force measuring device is arranged relatively below the test piece releasing assembly in the falling direction, and the force measuring device is suitable for acquiring mechanical parameters of the test piece during impact. According to the test piece drop test platform provided by the invention, the test piece release assembly is arranged, in the first state, the test piece release assembly is suitable for clamping the test piece so as to ensure that the test piece is in the preset posture, and in the second state, the test piece release assembly can accelerate the test piece so as to reach the preset test speed; therefore, the battery pack does not need to be lifted and tested in a free falling mode, and the design cost of the test platform can be reduced. The test piece does not need to be lifted to a large height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery testing, and in particular to a test piece drop test platform and method. Background Art

[0002] As a high-energy storage unit, the power battery system may cause dangerous phenomena such as battery fire or explosion when it falls from a certain height or is impacted or squeezed. For pure electric and hybrid aircraft and flying cars, the crash resistance of their power battery system is of great significance for rescue operations in a survivable state.

[0003] In the related art, the high-altitude drop test of the battery pack is often carried out by lifting the battery pack to a certain height and performing the test by free fall. In order to reduce the impact of high-altitude wind speed and air resistance on the falling posture of the battery pack, a restraint mechanism is also required to ensure that the battery pack touches the ground at an ideal angle range. However, even so, multiple tests are still not repeatable.

[0004] As the test height increases, blindly lifting the battery pack and using the free fall method to conduct the test will not only increase the design cost of the test platform, but also further cause the posture of the battery pack to be uncontrollable during the fall due to the increase in height. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a specimen drop test platform and method to solve the problem that the battery drop test needs to be performed by free fall, which leads to increased test platform costs and uncontrollable posture of the battery during the drop process.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a specimen drop test platform, which is suitable for performing a drop test on a specimen, and the specimen drop test platform comprises:

[0007] A specimen release assembly having a first state of clamping the specimen and a second state of accelerating the specimen to reach a preset test speed;

[0008] The force measuring device is arranged relatively below the specimen release assembly along the falling direction, and is suitable for obtaining mechanical parameters of the specimen during impact.

[0009] Beneficial effect: The specimen drop test platform provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a specimen release assembly. In the first state, the specimen release assembly is suitable for clamping the specimen to ensure that the specimen is in a preset posture. In the second state, the specimen release assembly of this embodiment can accelerate the specimen to reach a preset test speed, so there is no need to lift the battery pack blindly and use the free fall method to conduct the test, which can reduce the design cost of the test platform; and because the acceleration process is completed by the specimen release assembly, there is no need to lift the specimen to a large height, thereby avoiding the situation where the posture of the specimen is uncontrollable during the falling process when it falls from a high place. It is more conducive to ensuring that the angle of the specimen touching the ground is within the ideal angle range and meets the repeatability requirements of multiple tests.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the sample release assembly includes:

[0011] A specimen detacher having a clamping state for clamping the specimen and a releasing state for releasing the specimen;

[0012] A guide tube is arranged relatively below the specimen detacher along the falling direction, and is suitable for guiding the specimen;

[0013] The electromagnetic accelerator is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube and is suitable for generating an electromagnetic field to accelerate the test piece to reach a preset test speed.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The specimen release assembly of this embodiment further includes an electromagnetic accelerator, which is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube. When the specimen enters the guide tube, it can be accelerated by the electromagnetic accelerator to reach a preset test speed. When the specimen is in a clamped state, the specimen is at least partially located in the guide tube, so that after the specimen is released, it can accurately enter the guide tube and be guided by the guide tube.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the guide tube matches the shape of the test piece in the clamped state to guide the test piece to be released in a preset state.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The guide tube matches the shape of the test piece in the clamping state, and the magnetic field configuration is adjusted by changing the shape of the electromagnetic coil, so as to be conveniently applicable to battery cells or battery modules of different sizes.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic accelerator includes an electromagnetic coil.

[0018] Beneficial effect: By adopting an electromagnetic coil and generating an electromagnetic field after power is turned on, the test piece is accelerated using electromagnetic acceleration technology.

[0019] In an optional implementation, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a slide rail, and the specimen release assembly is suitable for sliding along the slide rail.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The specimen release assembly is suitable for sliding along the slide rail so that the height of the specimen release assembly can be adjusted as needed.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the specimen drop test platform further includes: an impact angle control device, which is arranged relatively above the force measuring device, and the impact angle control device is suitable for rotating itself to adjust the impact angle of the specimen.

[0022] Beneficial effect: The impact angle control device is suitable for rotating itself to adjust the impact angle of the specimen, so that the specimen hits the fixed plane at different angles.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a protective device, arranged relatively below the specimen release assembly along the drop direction, the protective device being suitable for covering the impact area of ​​the specimen;

[0024] The protective device is provided with a through hole suitable for the test piece to pass through.

[0025] Beneficial effect: By setting the cover in the impact area of ​​the test piece, the harmful effects of fire or explosion of the battery after impact on the test environment and personnel can be avoided, ensuring the safety of laboratory testing.

[0026] In an optional implementation, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a ventilation device, which is disposed inside the protective device, and the ventilation device is suitable for discharging harmful substances in the protective device.

[0027] Beneficial effect: Since a fire or explosion after a battery collision will produce a large amount of toxic gas, smoke and dust, by providing a ventilation device inside the protective device, the harmful substances in the protective device can be quickly discharged, ensuring the safety and health of the test personnel.

[0028] In an optional implementation, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a camera, adapted to acquire image data of the specimen upon impact.

[0029] Beneficial effect: When the specimen hits the specified plane, the camera can capture the impact process, and based on the deformation process of the specimen, the control module can obtain high-speed deformation data and velocity data, which is helpful to complete strain analysis.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a specimen drop test method, which is applied to the specimen drop test platform as described above, and the method comprises:

[0031] Setting the angle of the impact angle control device;

[0032] Spraying the surface of the specimen with speckles, clamping the specimen on the specimen release device in a preset posture, and making the specimen at least partially located in the guide tube;

[0033] Adjust the parameters of the electromagnetic accelerator so that the specimen reaches the preset test speed after acceleration, start the electromagnetic accelerator, and release the specimen;

[0034] Based on the image data obtained by the camera and the mechanical parameters obtained by the force measuring device, velocity measurement and non-contact full-field strain (DIC) measurement are performed;

[0035] After the collision is completed, wait for a preset time and obtain the post-collision state of the specimen;

[0036] Clean up the test site.

[0037] Because the specimen drop test method includes a specimen drop test platform, which has the same effect as the specimen drop test platform, it will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a test piece drop test platform of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a test piece drop test platform of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Power supply device; 2. Protective device; 21. Through hole; 3. Impact angle control device; 4. Ventilation device; 5. Camera; 6. Specimen release assembly; 61. Specimen detacher; 62. Guide tube; 63. Electromagnetic accelerator; 64. Support member; 7. Slide rail; 8. Specimen; 9. Force measuring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] As a high-energy storage unit, the power battery system may cause dangerous phenomena such as battery fire or explosion when it falls from a certain height or is impacted or squeezed. For pure electric and hybrid aircraft and flying cars, the crash resistance of their power battery system is of great significance for rescue operations in a survivable state.

[0049] In the related art, the high-altitude drop test of the battery pack is often carried out by lifting the battery pack to a certain height and performing the test by free fall. In order to reduce the impact of high-altitude wind speed and air resistance on the falling posture of the battery pack, a restraint mechanism is also required to ensure that the battery pack touches the ground at an ideal angle range. However, even so, multiple tests are still not repeatable.

[0050] As the test height increases, simply lifting the battery pack and using the free fall method to conduct the test will not only increase the design cost of the test platform, but also due to the increase in height, the impact of the environment on the falling posture of the battery pack cannot be controlled. The increase in height will further lead to uncontrollable posture of the battery pack during the fall, and the battery pack contact angle can only be guaranteed to be within a certain range, with poor repeatability.

[0051] Generally, the drop height in the helicopter crash test standard is 15.2m, and the corresponding speed is about 17m / s. Even for aircraft with parachutes, there is a minimum limit for low-altitude parachute opening height, which may be far more than 15.2m. Therefore, high-altitude drop test verification of power batteries is essential. Taking flying cars as an example, the battery packs generally used in the power system weigh more than 100kg, and the length and width dimensions exceed 1m*1m. The test tooling design and test costs are high, and this test method cannot be applied to battery cell and battery module drop tests, nor can it meet the measurement requirements of battery cells and battery modules. For high-speed drop tests of battery cells and battery modules, additional experimental platforms need to be designed, which increases costs.

[0052] In addition, the test platform in the related technology can generally collect data on the overall acceleration of the battery pack, but cannot obtain the mechanical performance data at the battery cell level, and cannot accurately obtain the battery deformation process and stress conditions; therefore, in the face of the current drop test problems such as the uncontrollable falling posture, high test cost, and small scope of application, it is necessary to develop a high-efficiency, high-precision, and repeatable power battery high-altitude drop test bench and method for high-speed drop tests of battery cells and battery modules.

[0053] An embodiment of the present invention provides a specimen drop test platform. By setting a specimen release component 6, the specimen release component 6 can accelerate the battery to reach a preset test speed, thereby eliminating the need to lift the battery pack blindly and use a free fall method to conduct the test. This can reduce the design cost of the test platform, and solves the problems of the current drop test platform, such as the uncontrollable falling posture, high test cost, and small scope of application. In addition, the battery deformation process and stress conditions can be obtained, and the subsequent anti-crash structure design and optimization at the battery cell, battery module, and battery pack levels can be effectively evaluated.

[0054] Combine the following Figures 1 to 3 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a specimen drop test platform is provided, which is suitable for performing a drop test on a specimen 8, and the specimen drop test platform comprises:

[0056] The specimen release assembly 6 has a first state of clamping the specimen 8 and a second state of accelerating the specimen 8 to reach a preset test speed;

[0057] The force measuring device 9 is arranged relatively below the specimen releasing assembly 6 along the falling direction, and the force measuring device 9 is suitable for obtaining the mechanical parameters of the specimen 8 during the impact.

[0058] The specimen drop test platform provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a specimen release assembly 6. In the first state, the specimen release assembly 6 is suitable for clamping the specimen 8 to ensure that the specimen 8 is in a preset posture. In the second state, the specimen release assembly 6 of this embodiment can accelerate the specimen 8 to reach the preset test speed, so there is no need to lift the battery pack blindly and use the free fall method to conduct the test, which can reduce the design cost of the test platform; and because the acceleration process is completed by the specimen release assembly 6, there is no need to lift the specimen 8 to a large height, thereby avoiding the situation where the posture of the specimen 8 is uncontrollable during the falling process when it falls from a high place. It is more conducive to ensuring that the contact angle of the specimen 8 is within the ideal angle range and meets the repeatability requirements of multiple tests.

[0059] In this embodiment, the test piece 8 may specifically be a battery pack, or a battery cell, a battery module, etc.

[0060] In this embodiment, a force measuring device 9 is provided, and the force measuring device 9 is suitable for obtaining the mechanical parameters of the test piece 8 during impact, so that the deformation process and force condition of the battery can be accurately obtained during the test.

[0061] As an implementation form, the height or length of the specimen drop test platform may not exceed 3m, and the width may not exceed 1m. Based on this size, the applicable scope of the specimen drop test platform of this embodiment can make the speed of the specimen 8 reach 5m / s-35m / s, and the equivalent drop height is 1m-50m, taking into account the development cost of the test platform and meeting the general requirements of the aircraft power battery system.

[0062] In some embodiments, the sample release assembly 6 comprises:

[0063] The specimen detacher 61 has a clamping state for clamping the specimen 8 and a releasing state for releasing the specimen 8;

[0064] A guide tube 62 is provided relatively below the specimen detacher 61 along the falling direction, and the guide tube 62 is suitable for guiding the specimen 8;

[0065] The electromagnetic accelerator 63 is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube 62, and the electromagnetic accelerator 63 is suitable for generating an electromagnetic field to accelerate the test piece 8 to reach a preset test speed.

[0066] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the specimen detacher 61 of this embodiment includes a clamping claw capable of clamping the specimen 8 , and the specimen detacher 61 has a clamping state of clamping the specimen 8 . When the test starts, the clamping claws of the specimen detacher 61 can move away from each other to release the specimen 8 .

[0067] When the test piece 8 is in the clamped state, the test piece 8 is at least partially located in the guide tube 62 , so that the test piece 8 can accurately enter the guide tube 62 and be guided by the guide tube 62 after being released.

[0068] As an optional implementation, the angle between the guide tube 62 and the vertical direction can be adjusted as needed.

[0069] The specimen release assembly 6 of this embodiment further includes an electromagnetic accelerator 63 , which is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube 62 . When the specimen 8 enters the guide tube 62 , it can be accelerated by the electromagnetic accelerator 63 to reach a preset test speed.

[0070] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic accelerator 63 includes an electromagnetic coil.

[0071] By using an electromagnetic coil and generating an electromagnetic field after power is supplied, the test piece 8 is accelerated using electromagnetic acceleration technology.

[0072] The working principle of the electromagnetic coil is described as follows: when a ferromagnetic material enters the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic field will generate a traction force on the ferromagnetic material, and then accelerate the ferromagnetic material under the action of the traction force.

[0073] In this embodiment, the test piece 8 is a battery, which contains ferromagnetic material and can be exerted with traction by the electromagnetic coil.

[0074] The electromagnetic accelerator 63 used in this embodiment is a short-distance acceleration solution, and can also be superimposed with an elastic device for energy storage, such as a compression spring, compressed air, etc., so as to further improve the acceleration performance of the test piece 8.

[0075] It should be noted that the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is applied to the entire battery at the same time. The magnetic resistance electromagnetic emission technology is adopted, and the maximum acceleration is not limited, and no high acceleration impact is generated on the battery body. In addition, during the electromagnetic acceleration process, the battery is not charged or discharged, and the battery structure is not affected by the electromagnetic field. The loading speed control is simple and the reuse rate is high.

[0076] In some embodiments, the guide tube 62 matches the shape of the test piece 8 in the clamped state to guide the test piece 8 to be released in a preset state.

[0077] In this embodiment, the test piece 8 may be different types of battery modules, such as cylindrical batteries, square shell batteries, etc., and may also be a battery pack composed of multiple batteries.

[0078] The guide tube 62 matches the shape of the test piece 8 in the clamped state, and the magnetic field configuration is adjusted by changing the shape of the electromagnetic coil, so as to be conveniently applicable to battery cells or battery modules of different sizes.

[0079] In some embodiments, the specimen drop test platform further includes a slide rail 7 , and the specimen release assembly 6 is suitable for sliding along the slide rail 7 .

[0080] The specimen releasing assembly 6 is adapted to slide along the slide rail 7 so that the height of the specimen releasing assembly 6 can be adjusted as required.

[0081] In some embodiments, the specimen drop test platform further includes: an impact angle control device 3 , which is disposed relatively above the force measuring device 9 , and the impact angle control device 3 is suitable for rotating itself to adjust the impact angle of the specimen 8 .

[0082] The impact angle control device 3 is suitable for rotating itself to adjust the impact angle of the test piece 8, so that the test piece 8 hits the fixed plane at different angles.

[0083] In this embodiment, the angle of the impact angle control device 3 can be adjusted step by step or continuously.

[0084] In some embodiments, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a protective device 2, which is arranged relatively below the specimen release assembly 6 along the falling direction, and the protective device 2 is suitable for covering the impact area of ​​the specimen 8;

[0085] The protective device 2 is provided with a through hole 21 suitable for the test piece 8 to pass through.

[0086] The protective device 2 may be a box-type structure, which is arranged in the impact area of ​​the test piece 8 to prevent the fire or explosion of the battery after the impact from causing harmful effects on the test environment and personnel, thereby ensuring the safety of laboratory testing.

[0087] Since the battery may explode or catch fire during the test, the protection device 2 can be provided to control the scope of the fire or explosion, and even if the battery explodes, the test platform will not be damaged.

[0088] The protection device 2 of this embodiment may specifically be explosion-proof glass.

[0089] In some embodiments, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a ventilation device 4 disposed inside the protective device 2 , and the ventilation device 4 is suitable for discharging harmful substances in the protective device 2 .

[0090] Since a fire or explosion of a battery after collision will generate a large amount of toxic gas, smoke and dust, by providing a ventilation device 4 inside the protective device 2, the harmful substances in the protective device 2 can be quickly discharged, thereby ensuring the safety and health of the test personnel.

[0091] The ventilation device 4 of this embodiment may specifically be an exhaust fan.

[0092] In some embodiments, the specimen drop test platform further includes: a camera 5, adapted to obtain image data of the specimen 8 upon impact.

[0093] The camera 5 used in this embodiment can be a high-speed camera, for example, up to 80,000 frames per second. When the specimen hits the specified plane, the camera 5 can capture the impact process, and based on the deformation process of the specimen 8, the control module can obtain high-speed deformation data and speed data, which is helpful to complete strain analysis.

[0094] In addition, the specimen drop test platform of this embodiment also includes a power supply device 1 for providing energy input for electromagnetic acceleration and controlling the power demand of the system.

[0095] In addition, the specimen drop test platform of this embodiment also includes a control module, which is electrically connected to each device component to ensure the automatic detachment of the specimen 8, the synchronization timing of the force measurement system and the initial velocity of the test piece; so as to complete non-contact full-field strain (Digital Image Correlation, abbreviated as DIC) measurement.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, a specimen drop test method is provided, which is applied to the specimen drop test platform as described above, and the method comprises:

[0097] Setting the angle of the impact angle control device 3;

[0098] Spraying the surface of the specimen 8 with speckles, clamping the specimen 8 on the specimen detacher 61 in a preset posture, and making the specimen 8 at least partially located in the guide tube 62;

[0099] Adjust the parameters of the electromagnetic accelerator 63 so that the specimen 8 reaches a preset test speed after acceleration, start the electromagnetic accelerator 63, and release the specimen 8;

[0100] Based on the image data acquired by the camera 5 and the mechanical parameters acquired by the force measuring device 9, velocity measurement and non-contact full-field strain (DIC) measurement are performed;

[0101] After the collision is completed, wait for a preset time and obtain the post-collision state of the test piece 8; for example, wait for 15 minutes to observe the battery state to see if there is fire, smoke, or explosion; the temperature of the test piece 8 can also be observed from a distance through a thermometer; for example, the tested battery can be soaked in water after 2 hours;

[0102] Through the processing of the control module, the curves of battery deformation, impact force and time can be output;

[0103] Finally, clean up the test site.

[0104] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A specimen drop test platform, characterized in that: Suitable for performing a drop test on a test piece (8), the test piece drop test platform comprises: A test piece releasing assembly (6) having a first state for clamping the test piece (8) and a second state for accelerating the test piece (8) to reach a preset test speed; A force measuring device (9) is arranged relatively below the specimen releasing assembly (6) along the falling direction, and the force measuring device (9) is suitable for obtaining mechanical parameters of the specimen (8) when impacting.

2. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test piece release assembly (6) comprises: A test piece detacher (61) having a clamping state for clamping the test piece (8) and a releasing state for releasing the test piece (8); A guide tube (62) is arranged relatively below the specimen detacher (61) along the falling direction, and the guide tube (62) is suitable for guiding the specimen (8); The electromagnetic accelerator (63) is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube (62), and the electromagnetic accelerator (63) is suitable for generating an electromagnetic field to accelerate the test piece (8) to reach a preset test speed.

3. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide tube (62) matches the outer shape of the test piece (8) in a clamped state, so as to guide the test piece (8) to be released in a preset state.

4. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic accelerator (63) comprises an electromagnetic coil.

5. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specimen drop test platform further comprises a slide rail (7), and the specimen release assembly (6) is suitable for sliding along the slide rail (7).

6. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specimen drop test platform further comprises: an impact angle control device (3) arranged relatively above the force measuring device (9), wherein the impact angle control device (3) is suitable for rotating itself to adjust the impact angle of the specimen (8).

7. The specimen drop test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specimen drop test platform further comprises: a protective device (2) arranged relatively below the specimen release assembly (6) along the drop direction, the protective device (2) being suitable for covering the impact area of ​​the specimen (8); The protective device (2) is provided with a through hole (21) suitable for allowing the test piece (8) to pass through.

8. The specimen drop test platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specimen drop test platform further comprises: a ventilation device (4) arranged inside the protective device (2), wherein the ventilation device (4) is suitable for discharging harmful substances in the protective device (2).

9. The specimen drop test platform according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specimen drop test platform further comprises: a camera (5) adapted to acquire image data of the specimen (8) when it impacts.

10. A specimen drop test method, characterized in that: Applied to the specimen drop test platform as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 above, the method comprises: Setting the angle of the impact angle control device (3); Spraying the surface of the test piece (8) with speckles, clamping the test piece (8) on a test piece detacher (61) in a preset posture, and positioning at least a portion of the test piece (8) in a guide tube (62); Adjusting the parameters of the electromagnetic accelerator (63) so that the test piece (8) reaches a preset test speed after acceleration, starting the electromagnetic accelerator (63), and releasing the test piece (8); Based on the image data acquired by the camera (5) and the mechanical parameters acquired by the force measuring device (9), velocity measurement and non-contact full-field strain (DIC) measurement are performed; After the collision is completed, waiting for a preset time and obtaining the post-collision state of the test piece (8); Clean up the test site.

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