A sample collection device for lake stratification sampling

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sample collection device for stratified sampling in lakes. The sampling mechanism mounted on a telescopic rod integrates both a water sample collection component and a solid sample collection component. When the telescopic rod is extended, the sampling mechanism is driven into the lake. The water sample collection component is actuated to extract water samples, or the solid sample collection component is actuated to clamp solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, and ice. This allows the collection of multiple types of samples in a single operation. Furthermore, the sample storage container is provided with multiple sample storage compartments around its central axis. When the telescopic rod is retracted, the sampling mechanism is driven out of the lake. The water sample collection component is actuated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment, or the solid sample collection component is actuated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment. The rotation of the telescopic rod allows water or solid samples to enter different sample storage compartments, thereby avoiding mixing and cross-contamination of different types of samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, in particular to a sample collecting device for lake stratified sampling. Background Art

[0002] As one of Earth's most important freshwater ecosystems, lakes are crucial for in-depth environmental research, water quality monitoring, and ecological surveys. Stratified lake sampling is a key method for obtaining detailed information about lake ecosystems. By collecting and analyzing samples of water, sediment (mud), plants and other organisms, and ice from different layers, we can understand the vertical distribution patterns of a lake's physical, chemical, and biological properties, providing important data support for lake ecosystem health assessments, pollution control, resource management, and climate change research.

[0003] A sample collection device is required during lake sampling. Most existing sample collection devices used for stratified lake sampling are designed for a specific type of sample, such as limited to the collection of water samples or limited to the collection of solid samples. When it is necessary to collect multiple types of samples such as water, sediment, plants or ice in a single collection operation, staff must carry multiple sets of collection devices, which increases the workload and complexity. In addition, the sample storage containers of traditional collection devices lack effective isolation measures, and different types of samples can only be mixed and placed in the same storage space of the sample storage container. As a result, in subsequent sample experimental analysis, a lot of time and effort are required to perform secondary separation and screening of the mixed samples. This not only increases the complexity and workload of the work, but also affects the accuracy of the analysis results due to sample confusion and cross-contamination. In summary, the existing sample collection devices used for stratified lake sampling cannot flexibly adapt to the diverse sampling needs of different types of samples, and it is difficult to meet the needs of effective classification, collection and preservation of different types of samples such as water, sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc., which restricts the accuracy and reliability of lake research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes to solve the technical problems of current manual cleaning, such as high labor intensity, low cleaning efficiency, incomplete and uneven cleaning, etc.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following solutions:

[0006] A sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes comprises a frame, characterized in that: a sample storage container is fixed to the frame, and the sample storage container is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments around its central axis; a telescopic rod rotatably mounted on the frame and capable of rotating around the central axis, a sampling mechanism is mounted on the telescopic rod, and the sampling mechanism comprises a mounting barrel fixed to the telescopic rod, a water sample collection assembly mounted on the mounting barrel, and a solid sample collection assembly; a main shaft is rotatably mounted within the mounting barrel, and a clutch is mounted on the main shaft and capable of transmitting power to the water sample collection assembly or the solid sample collection assembly, so that when the main shaft rotates, the water sample collection assembly or the solid sample collection assembly is driven to move via the clutch;

[0007] When the telescopic rod is extended and drives the sampling mechanism into the lake, the water sample collection component is activated to extract water samples or the solid sample collection component is activated to clamp solid samples. When the telescopic rod is retracted and drives the sampling mechanism out of the lake, the water sample collection component is activated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container, or the solid sample collection component is activated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment. The water sample or solid sample enters different sample storage compartments by rotating the telescopic rod.

[0008] Furthermore: the water sample collection assembly includes a water sample collection tube fixedly installed on the mounting tube, a piston fit with the inner wall of the water sample collection tube, and a screw threadedly connected to the piston and rotatably installed on the mounting tube. When the screw rotates, it drives the piston to slide in the water sample collection tube, thereby being able to extract the water sample into the water sample collection tube or discharge it from the water sample collection tube into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container.

[0009] Furthermore: the solid sample collection assembly includes a solid sample clamp having a clamping portion and a driving portion, a driving rack is fixedly installed on the driving portion of the solid sample clamp, and a driving gear meshing with the driving rack is rotatably installed in the mounting cylinder. When the driving gear rotates, it drives the driving rack to move, thereby driving the clamping portion closer to clamp the solid sample, or drives the clamping portion away to place the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container.

[0010] Furthermore: the solid sample collection assembly has two solid sample clamps, each solid sample clamp includes a connecting rod and a clamping claw fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod, the clamping claw is the clamping part of the solid sample clamp, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with an L-shaped driving rod, the driving rod is the driving part of the solid sample clamp, the driving rod includes a connecting section and a driving section fixedly connected to each other vertically, the connecting section is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the driving section is fixedly provided with the driving rack, and the driving racks on the driving sections of the two solid sample clamps are parallel and arranged facing each other.

[0011] Furthermore: the clutch includes a double-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder fixedly mounted on the main shaft, a water sample collection assembly engagement plate fixed to the first telescopic rod of the double-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder, and a solid sample collection assembly engagement plate fixed to the second telescopic rod. When the first telescopic rod is extended, the water sample collection assembly engagement plate is driven to engage with the lead screw of the water sample collection assembly. At this time, the power of the main shaft is transmitted to the water sample collection assembly through the clutch, and the rotation of the main shaft can drive the lead screw to rotate through the clutch.

[0012] When the second telescopic rod is extended, it drives the solid sample collection assembly engaging plate to engage with the driving gear of the solid sample collection assembly. At this time, the power of the main shaft is transmitted to the solid sample collection assembly through the clutch, and the rotation of the main shaft can drive the driving gear to rotate through the clutch.

[0013] Furthermore: when the collection component joint plate is engaged with the lead screw of the water sample collection component, the collection component joint plate is fixed to the outer surface of the lead screw;

[0014] A coupling cylinder is coaxially fixed on the driving gear. When the coupling plate of the solid sample collection component is coupled with the driving gear of the solid sample collection component, the coupling plate of the solid sample collection component is fitted and fixed to the inner surface of the coupling cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore: the sample storage container includes four sample storage compartments, which are respectively used to store water samples, sediment samples, plant samples and ice samples. The solid sample collection component can clamp sediment samples, plant samples or ice samples. By rotating the telescopic rod, the water sample extracted by the water sample collection component can enter the sample storage compartment for storing water samples, and the sediment sample, plant sample or ice sample clamped by the solid sample collection component can respectively enter the sample storage compartment for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment for storing plant samples or the sample storage compartment for storing ice samples.

[0016] Furthermore: the sample storage container also includes a sampling compartment for the telescopic rod and the sampling mechanism to pass through. The sampling compartment and the sample storage compartment are distributed in a circular array around the central axis. The sampling mechanism on the telescopic rod can extend into the lake through the bottom opening of the sampling compartment. After the sampling mechanism extends out of the lake, it can pass through the bottom opening of the sampling compartment and move to the top of the sample storage container.

[0017] Furthermore: the collection device also includes a telescopic rod drive motor fixedly mounted on the frame, the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the sample storage container, a telescopic rod fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor, the telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate, and when the output shaft of the drive motor rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate is driven to rotate around the output shaft of the drive motor, thereby driving the telescopic rod to rotate around the central axis of the sample storage container.

[0018] Furthermore: a sealing plate for closing the upper opening of the water sample collection tube is solidly installed on the installation tube, and a vent hole communicating with the atmosphere is opened on the sealing plate.

[0019] The present invention provides a sample collection device for stratified lake sampling. The sampling mechanism, mounted on a telescopic rod, integrates both a water sample collection component for collecting water samples and a solid sample collection component for collecting solid samples. When the telescopic rod is extended, the sampling mechanism is driven into the lake. The water sample collection component operates to extract water samples, while the solid sample collection component operates to pick up solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, and ice. This device can collect multiple sample types, including water and solid samples, in a single operation, reducing workload and complexity. In addition, the sample storage container of the sample collection device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments for storing different types of samples around its central axis. When the telescopic rod contracts and drives the sampling mechanism to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component is actuated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container, or the solid sample collection component is actuated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment of the sample storage container. The water sample or solid sample is caused to enter the different sample storage compartments by the rotation of the telescopic rod around the central axis. Thus, in the subsequent sample experimental analysis, there is no need to spend time and energy on secondary separation and identification of different types of samples, and mixing and cross-contamination of different types of samples is avoided. The sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of the present invention can flexibly adapt to the diverse sampling needs of different types of samples, including water samples and solid samples, ensure the effective classification, collection and safe storage of different types of samples, and improve the work efficiency, accuracy and reliability of lake monitoring and research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention from another angle;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to the present invention after being cut open, with one of the solid sample clips removed;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling mechanism of a sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes according to the present invention, with the mounting cylinder removed, and the screw mounting plate and the coupling cylinder mounting plate removed at the same time;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C;

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D;

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 6 A local enlarged view of point E;

[0031] Main parts and numbers:

[0032] Frame: 1; Telescopic rod mounting plate: 11; Guide slot: 111;

[0033] Sample storage container: 2; central axis: 21; sample storage compartment: 22; sampling compartment: 23; bottom opening: 231;

[0034] Telescopic rod: 31; Telescopic rod driving motor: 32; Telescopic rod fixing plate: 33;

[0035] Sampling mechanism: 4; mounting cylinder: 41; screw mounting plate: 411; coupling cylinder mounting plate: 412; water sample collection assembly: 42; water sample collection cylinder: 421; piston: 422; screw: 423; sealing plate: 424; vent: 4241; pressure valve: 425; solid sample collection assembly: 43; solid sample clamp: 431; connecting rod: 4311; clamping jaw: 4312; driving rod: 4313; connecting section: 4314; driving section: 4315; driving rack: 432; driving gear: 433; coupling cylinder: 434; main shaft: 44; clutch: 45; double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder: 451; first telescopic rod: 4511; second telescopic rod: 4512; water sample collection assembly coupling plate: 452; solid sample collection assembly coupling plate: 453; main shaft drive motor: 46. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 、 2 This is a structural diagram of the sample collection device for lake stratification sampling according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the sample collection device includes a frame 1, on which a sample storage container 2 is fixed. The sample storage container 2 is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments 22 around a central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2. Adjacent sample storage compartments 22 are separated by partitions, and the plurality of sample storage compartments 22 are not connected to each other. A telescopic rod 31 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and can rotate around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2. A sampling mechanism 4 is mounted at the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 31. Figure 3 As shown, the sampling mechanism 4 includes a mounting tube 41 fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod 31, and a water sample collection component 42 for collecting water samples and a solid sample collection component 43 for collecting solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, ice, etc. are installed on the mounting tube 41; Figure 4-6 As shown, a main shaft 44 is rotatably installed in the installation cylinder 41, and a clutch 45 is installed on the main shaft 44, which can transmit the power of the main shaft 44 to the water sample collection component 42 or the solid sample collection component 43. When the clutch 45 is engaged with the water sample collection component 42, the main shaft 44 rotates to drive the water sample collection component 42 to move through the clutch 45. When the clutch 45 is engaged with the solid sample collection component 43, the main shaft 44 rotates to drive the solid sample collection component 43 to move through the clutch 45.

[0038] When the telescopic rod 31 is extended, driving the sampling mechanism 4 into the lake, the water sample collection assembly 42 is activated to extract the water sample when a water sample is required, and the solid sample collection assembly 43 is activated to clamp the solid sample when a solid sample is required. When the telescopic rod 31 is retracted, driving the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake, the water sample collection assembly 42 is activated to discharge the extracted water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2 for storing water samples, or the solid sample collection assembly 43 is activated to place the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2 for storing solid samples. The rotation of the telescopic rod 31 about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 causes the water sample extracted by the water sample collection assembly 42 or the solid sample clamped by the solid sample collection assembly 43 to enter different sample storage compartments 22.

[0039] When sampling using the sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of this embodiment, when collecting water samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 into the lake, the clutch 45 engages with the water sample collection component 42, and the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the water sample collection component 42 to extract water samples. After sampling is completed, the telescopic rod 31 contracts to drive the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake, and then the telescopic rod 31 rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to above the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples, and then the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the water sample collection component 42 to discharge the extracted water sample into the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples. When collecting solid samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends, driving the sampling mechanism 4 into the lake. The clutch 45 engages the solid sample collection assembly 43, and the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the solid sample collection assembly 43 to pick up solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, and ice. After sampling is completed, the telescopic rod 31 retracts, driving the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake. The telescopic rod 31 then rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples. The main shaft 44 then rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the solid sample collection assembly 43 to place the picked solid sample into the sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples. This embodiment achieves stratified sampling at different depths within the lake by adjusting the total length of the extended telescopic rod 31.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample storage container 2 includes four sample storage compartments 22, respectively for storing water samples, sediment samples (mud), plant samples, and ice samples. The solid sample collection assembly 43 is capable of gripping sediment samples, plant samples, or ice samples. Rotation of the telescopic rod 31 allows the water sample extracted by the water sample collection assembly 42 to enter the sample storage compartment 22 for storing water samples, while the sediment sample, plant sample, or ice sample gripped by the solid sample collection assembly 43 can enter the sample storage compartment 22 for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment 22 for storing plant samples, or the sample storage compartment 22 for storing ice samples, respectively. Specifically, in this embodiment, after the telescopic rod 31 is retracted until the sampling mechanism 4 extends out of the lake surface and is positioned above the sample storage container 2, the telescopic rod 31 is rotated at different angles, causing the water sample collection assembly 42, which has extracted the water sample, to rotate above the sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2. The water sample collection assembly 42 then actuates, allowing the extracted water sample to enter the sample storage compartment 22. By rotating the telescopic rod 31 at different angles, the solid sample collection assembly 43 clamping the sediment sample (mud), plant sample or ice sample can be located above the sample storage compartment 22 for storing the corresponding solid sample. Then, the solid sample collection assembly 43 is actuated to allow the clamped solid sample to enter the corresponding sample storage compartment 22.

[0041] In order to enable the telescopic rod 31 to drive the sampling mechanism 4 to extend into or out of the lake when it is extended, Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the sample storage container 2 further includes a sampling compartment 23 for the telescopic rod 31 and the sampling mechanism 4 to pass through, and the sampling compartment 23 has a bottom opening 231 (shown in FIG. Figure 2 ), the sampling compartment 23 and the sample storage compartment 22 are distributed in a circular array around the central axis 21, and the sampling mechanism 4 on the telescopic rod 31 can extend into the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23. After extending out of the lake, the sampling mechanism 4 can pass through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and move to the top of the sample storage container 2.

[0042] like Figure 1 、 7 As shown, to enable the telescopic rod 31 to rotate about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, the collection device further includes a telescopic rod drive motor 32 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor 32 is coaxially arranged with the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2. A telescopic rod fixing plate 33 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor 32. The telescopic rod 31 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate 33. When the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor 32 rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate 33 rotates about the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor 32, thereby driving the telescopic rod 31 to rotate about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod drive motor 32 controls the telescopic rod 31 to rotate to different angles, thereby enabling the telescopic rod 31 and the sampling mechanism 4 thereon to be positioned above different sample storage compartments 22 and sampling compartments 23.

[0043] like Figure 1 、 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the telescopic rod 31 is an electric telescopic rod. To improve the stability of the telescopic rod 31 during rotation, a telescopic rod mounting plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The telescopic rod mounting plate 11 defines a guide groove 111, and the cylinder of the telescopic rod 31 slides in the guide groove 111. When the telescopic rod 31 rotates about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2, its cylinder slides in the guide groove 111.

[0044] Regarding the specific structure of the water sample collection component 42, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 、 8As shown, the water sample collection assembly 42 includes a water sample collection tube 421 fixedly mounted on the mounting tube 41. A piston 422 is slidably mounted within the water sample collection tube 421, and the piston 422 engages the inner wall of the water sample collection tube 421. A lead screw 423 is rotatably mounted on the mounting tube 41, and the piston 422 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 423. When the lead screw 423 rotates, the piston 422 slides within the water sample collection tube 421. When the lead screw 423 rotates and the piston 422 slides upward, the water sample is drawn into the water sample collection tube 421 through the opening below the water sample collection tube 421. When the lead screw 423 rotates in the opposite direction and the piston 422 slides downward, the water sample is discharged from the water sample collection tube 421 into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0045] In order to allow the water sample to be smoothly drawn into the water sample collection tube 421, Figure 5 、 6 As shown, a sealing plate 424 is solidly mounted on the mounting tube 41 to seal the upper opening of the water sample collecting tube 421 , and a vent hole 4241 communicating with the atmosphere is opened on the sealing plate 424 .

[0046] like Figure 5 、 8 As shown, a pressure valve 425 is installed at the lower opening of the water sample collection tube 421. A pressure valve is a conventional valve that automatically opens when the system pressure exceeds a certain limit. In this embodiment, when the piston 422 slides upward or downward in the water sample collection tube 421, the pressure valve 425 can be opened, allowing the water sample to enter the water sample collection tube 421 through the pressure valve 425, or to be discharged from the water sample collection tube 421 into the sample storage compartment 22 through the pressure valve 425. When the piston 422 is stationary relative to the water sample collection tube 421, the pressure valve is in a closed state to prevent the water sample from leaking out of the water sample collection tube 421.

[0047] Regarding the specific structure of the solid sample collection component 43, as shown in FIG. Figure 4-6 , 9, the solid sample collection assembly 43 includes a solid sample clamp 431 (shown in Figure 4 (Fig. 2 ) The solid sample holder 431 includes a clamping portion for holding the solid sample and a driving portion for actuating the clamping portion. A drive rack 432 is fixedly mounted on the driving portion of the solid sample holder 431, and a drive gear 433 is rotatably mounted within the mounting tube 41 and meshes with the drive rack 432. Rotation of the drive gear 433 moves the drive rack 432, thereby moving the clamping portion closer together and gripping the solid sample. Reverse rotation of the drive gear 433 moves the clamping portion farther apart, placing the gripped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0048] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the solid sample collection assembly 43 has two solid sample clamps 431, each solid sample clamp 431 includes a connecting rod 4311 and a clamping claw 4312 fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 4311, the clamping claw 4312 is the clamping part of the solid sample clamp 431, and the other end of the connecting rod 4311 is fixed with an L-shaped driving rod 4313 (shown in FIG. Figure 5 ), the driving rod 4313 is the driving portion of the solid sample holder 431, and the driving rod 4313 includes a connecting section 4314 and a driving section 4315 (shown in FIG. Figure 6 In the figure, the connecting section 4314 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 4311. The driving section 4315 is disposed on the mounting tube 41. Specifically, the mounting tube 41 has an opening, and the driving section 4315 is slidably mounted within the opening. The driving rack 432 is fixedly mounted on the driving section 4315. The driving racks 432 on the driving sections 4315 of the two solid sample holders 431 are arranged parallel and facing each other. Specifically, the teeth on the two driving racks 432 are arranged facing each other, and both driving racks 432 are meshed with the driving gear 433. When the driving gear 433 rotates, it drives the connecting sections 4314 on the driving rods 4313 of the two solid sample holders 431 closer together, thereby driving the clamping jaws 4312 of the two solid sample holders 431 closer together to clamp the solid sample. When the driving gear 433 rotates in the opposite direction, it can drive the connecting sections 4314 on the driving rods 4313 of the two solid sample clamps 431 away from each other, thereby driving the clamping jaws 4312 of the two solid sample clamps 431 away from each other, thereby placing the clamped solid samples into the corresponding sample storage compartments 22 of the sample storage container 2.

[0049] Regarding the specific structure of the clutch 45, Figure 9 、 10As shown, the clutch 45 includes a double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 fixedly mounted on the main shaft 1. The double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder is an existing telescopic cylinder with two telescopic rods. When the telescopic cylinder is in operation, the two telescopic rods can perform telescopic movements independently or synchronously. An electric telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder can be used. In this embodiment, an electric double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder is used, and the cylinder body of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 is fixed on the main shaft 1. A water sample collection assembly engagement plate 452 is fixed to the first telescopic rod 4511 of the dual-telescopic cylinder 451, and a solid sample collection assembly engagement plate 453 is fixed to the second telescopic rod 4512. When the first telescopic rod 4511 is extended, the water sample collection assembly engagement plate 452 engages with the lead screw 423 of the water sample collection assembly 42. In this embodiment, when the water sample collection assembly engagement plate 452 engages with the lead screw 423 of the water sample collection assembly 42, the engagement plate 452 abuts against the outer surface of the lead screw 423, and the friction between the engagement plate 452 and the lead screw 423 achieves a fixed connection between the two. After engagement, the power of the main shaft 44 is transmitted to the water sample collection assembly 42 via the clutch 45. The rotation of the main shaft 44 drives the lead screw 42 through the clutch 45. The forward or reverse rotation of the main shaft 44 causes the lead screw 42 to rotate in different directions, thereby causing the piston 433 to slide upward or downward within the water sample collection cylinder 421.

[0050] When the second telescopic rod 4512 extends, it drives the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate 453 to engage with the drive gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43. In this embodiment, a coupling cylinder 434 is coaxially fixed to the drive gear 433. When the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate 453 engages with the drive gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43, the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate 453 abuts and is fixed to the inner surface of the coupling cylinder 434. The friction between the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate 453 and the coupling cylinder 434 achieves a fixed connection between the two. After engagement, the power of the main shaft 44 is transmitted to the solid sample collection assembly 43 via the clutch 45. The rotation of the main shaft 44 drives the coupling cylinder 434 and the drive gear 433 to rotate via the clutch 45. The forward or reverse rotation of the main shaft 44 causes the drive gear 433 to rotate in different directions, thereby causing the jaws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431 to move closer or further apart.

[0051] In order to improve the stability of the clutch 45 and the water sample collection component 42 or the solid sample collection component 43, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 、 10As shown, in this embodiment, two dual-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinders 451 are mounted on the main shaft 44. A water sample collection assembly engagement plate 452 is fixed to the first telescopic rod 4512 of each dual-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder 451. When the water sample collection assembly engagement plate 452 engages with the lead screw 423, the lead screw 423 is clamped and fixed between the two water sample collection assembly engagement plates 452. A solid sample collection assembly engagement plate 453 is fixed to the second telescopic rod 452 of each dual-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder 451. When the solid sample collection assembly engagement plate 453 engages with the engagement tube 434, the two solid sample collection assembly engagement plates 453 are supported on the inner wall of the engagement tube 434.

[0052] In order to realize the rotation installation of the lead screw 423 on the mounting cylinder 41, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, a lead screw mounting plate 411 is fixedly mounted within the mounting cylinder 41, and the lead screw 423 is rotatably mounted on the lead screw mounting plate 411. To enable the rotatable mounting of the coupling cylinder 434 and the drive gear 433 within the mounting cylinder 41, a coupling cylinder mounting plate 412 is also fixedly mounted within the mounting cylinder 41. The coupling cylinder 434 is rotatably mounted on the coupling cylinder mounting plate 412, and the lead screw 423 is also rotatably mounted on the coupling cylinder mounting plate 412. In this embodiment, the lead screw 423 passes through the drive gear 433 and is rotatably connected to the drive gear 433.

[0053] like Figure 5 、 6 As shown, in order to realize the rotation of the main shaft 44 , a main shaft driving motor 46 is fixedly installed in the mounting tube 41 , and the main shaft driving motor 46 drives the main shaft 44 to rotate.

[0054] When sampling using the sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes of this embodiment, when collecting water samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and extends into the lake, and the first telescopic rod 4511 of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 of the clutch 45 extends, driving the water sample collection component coupling plate 452 thereon to engage with the screw 423 of the water sample collection component 42, and then the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the screw 4423 to rotate, thereby driving the piston 422 to slide upward in the water sample collection tube 421 to extract the water sample into the water sample collection tube 421. After sampling is complete, the telescopic rod 31 retracts, driving the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and moving it above the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod 31 then rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing the water sample. The main shaft 44 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the screw 4423 of the water sample collection assembly 42 in the opposite direction through the clutch 45, thereby driving the piston 422 to slide downward within the water sample collection tube 421, thereby discharging the water sample extracted from the water sample collection tube 421 into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod 31 then rotates around the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the sampling compartment 23, preparing for the next sampling operation.

[0055] When collecting solid samples, the telescopic rod 31 extends to drive the sampling mechanism 4 through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and into the lake. The second telescopic rod 4512 of the double telescopic rod telescopic cylinder 451 of the clutch 45 extends, driving the solid sample collection component coupling plate 453 thereon to engage with the coupling cylinder 434 of the solid sample collection component 43. Then, the main shaft 44 rotates through the clutch 45 to drive the coupling cylinder 434 and the driving gear 433 to rotate, thereby driving the driving rack 432 to move, thereby driving the clamping jaws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431 to approach to clamp solid samples such as sediment (mud), plants, and ice. After sampling is complete, the telescopic rod 31 retracts, driving the sampling mechanism 4 out of the lake through the bottom opening 231 of the sampling compartment 23 and moving it above the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod 31 then rotates about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 for storing solid samples. The main shaft 44 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the coupling cylinder 434 and drive gear 433 of the solid sample collection assembly 43 in the opposite direction through the clutch 45. This in turn drives the drive rack 432 in the opposite direction, thereby moving the jaws 4312 of the solid sample clamp 431 away from each other, placing the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment 22 of the sample storage container 2. The telescopic rod 31 then rotates about the central axis 21 of the sample storage container 2 to the top of the sampling compartment 23, preparing for the next sampling operation.

[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A sample collection device for stratified sampling of lakes, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A sample storage container (2) is fixed on the frame (1), and the sample storage container (2) is provided with a plurality of sample storage compartments (22) around its central axis (21); a telescopic rod (31) capable of rotating around the central axis (21) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), and a sampling mechanism (4) is mounted on the telescopic rod (31), and the sampling mechanism (4) comprises a mounting cylinder (41) fixed on the telescopic rod (31), a water sample collection component (42) mounted on the mounting cylinder (41), and a solid sample collection component (43); a main shaft (44) is rotatably mounted in the mounting cylinder (41), and a clutch (45) capable of transmitting power to the water sample collection component (42) or the solid sample collection component (43) is mounted on the main shaft (44), and when the main shaft (44) rotates, the water sample collection component (42) or the solid sample collection component (43) is driven to move through the clutch (45); When the telescopic rod (31) is extended to drive the sampling mechanism (4) to extend into the lake, the water sample collection component (42) is actuated to extract the water sample or the solid sample collection component (43) is actuated to clamp the solid sample; when the telescopic rod (31) is retracted to drive the sampling mechanism (4) to extend out of the lake, the water sample collection component (42) is actuated to discharge the water sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2), or the solid sample collection component (43) is actuated to place the solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22); the water sample or the solid sample is allowed to enter different sample storage compartments (22) by rotating the telescopic rod (31); The water sample collection assembly (42) includes a water sample collection tube (421) fixed on the mounting tube (41), a piston (422) affixed to the inner wall of the water sample collection tube (421), and a lead screw (423) threadedly connected to the piston (422) and rotatably mounted on the mounting tube (41); The solid sample collection assembly (43) has two solid sample clamps (431), each solid sample clamp (431) includes a connecting rod (4311) and a clamping claw (4312) fixed to one end of the connecting rod (4311), a driving rod (4313) fixed to the other end of the connecting rod (4311), and the driving rod (4313) includes a connecting section (4314) and a driving section (4315) fixed perpendicularly to each other, the connecting section (4314) is fixed to the connecting rod (4311), a driving rack (432) is fixed to the driving section (4315), and a driving gear (433) meshing with the driving rack (432) is rotatably installed in the mounting cylinder (41); The clutch (45) comprises a double-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder (451) fixed to the main shaft (44); a water sample collection assembly engaging plate (452) capable of engaging with the lead screw (423) is fixed to the first telescopic rod (4511) of the double-telescopic-rod telescopic cylinder (451); and a solid sample collection assembly engaging plate (453) capable of engaging with the drive gear (433) is fixed to the second telescopic rod (4512).

2. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the lead screw (423) rotates, it drives the piston (422) to slide in the water sample collection tube (421), thereby being able to extract the water sample into the water sample collection tube (421) or discharge the water sample from the water sample collection tube (421) into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2).

3. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the driving gear (433) rotates, it drives the driving rack (432) to move, thereby driving the clamping jaws (4312) to move closer to clamp the solid sample, or drives the clamping jaws (4312) to move away from each other to place the clamped solid sample into the corresponding sample storage compartment (22) of the sample storage container (2).

4. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving racks (432) on the driving sections (4315) of the two solid sample holders (431) are arranged in parallel and facing each other.

5. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the first telescopic rod (4511) is extended, it drives the water sample collection component engaging plate (452) to engage with the lead screw (423) of the water sample collection component (42). At this time, the power of the main shaft (44) is transmitted to the water sample collection component (42) through the clutch (45). The rotation of the main shaft (44) can drive the lead screw (42) to rotate through the clutch (45); When the second telescopic rod (4512) is extended, it drives the solid sample collection component engaging plate (453) to engage with the driving gear (433) of the solid sample collection component (43). At this time, the power of the main shaft (44) is transmitted to the solid sample collection component (43) through the clutch (45), and the rotation of the main shaft (44) can drive the driving gear (433) to rotate through the clutch (45).

6. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that: Water sampling team When the component engaging plate (452) is engaged with the lead screw (423) of the water sample collection component (42), the water sample collection component engaging plate (452) is fitted and fixed to the outer surface of the lead screw (423); A coupling cylinder (434) is coaxially fixed to the driving gear (433); when the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate (453) is engaged with the driving gear (433) of the solid sample collection assembly (43), the solid sample collection assembly coupling plate (453) is fitted and fixed to the inner surface of the coupling cylinder (434).

7. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample storage container (2) includes four sample storage compartments (22) for storing water samples, sediment samples, plant samples, and ice samples, respectively. The solid sample collection component (43) can clamp sediment samples, plant samples, or ice samples. By rotating the telescopic rod (31), the water sample extracted by the water sample collection component (42) can enter the sample storage compartment (22) for storing water samples, and the sediment sample, plant sample, or ice sample clamped by the solid sample collection component (43) can enter the sample storage compartment (22) for storing sediment samples, the sample storage compartment (22) for storing plant samples, or the sample storage compartment (22) for storing ice samples, respectively.

8. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sample storage container (2) further comprises a sampling compartment (23) for the telescopic rod (31) and the sampling mechanism (4) to pass through. The sampling compartment (23) and the sample storage compartment (22) are distributed in a circular array around the central axis (21). The sampling mechanism (4) on the telescopic rod (31) can extend into the lake through the bottom opening (231) of the sampling compartment (23). After extending out of the lake, the sampling mechanism (4) can pass through the bottom opening (231) of the sampling compartment (23) and move to the top of the sample storage container (2).

9. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a telescopic rod drive motor (32) fixedly mounted on the frame (1), wherein the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32) is coaxially arranged with the central axis (21) of the sample storage container (2), and a telescopic rod fixing plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32). The telescopic rod (31) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic rod fixing plate (33). When the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32) rotates, the telescopic rod fixing plate (33) is driven to rotate around the output shaft of the telescopic rod drive motor (32), thereby driving the telescopic rod (31) to rotate around the central axis (21) of the sample storage container (2).

10. The sample collection device for lake stratified sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate (424) is fixedly mounted on the mounting tube (41) to seal the upper opening of the water sample collection tube (421), and a vent hole (4241) communicating with the atmosphere is provided on the sealing plate (424).

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