Laser ablation behavior test system and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser ablation behavior testing system which comprises a shell, a sample loading assembly, a laser generating assembly and a testing assembly, a closed cavity is formed in the shell, the sample loading assembly is arranged in the shell and is provided with at least one loading position used for loading samples, the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly is arranged towards the loading position, and the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly is arranged towards the testing assembly. The test assembly comprises a gas detection part, a video collection part and a temperature detection part, the collection end of the gas detection part is communicated with the interior of the cavity, the collection end of the video collection part is arranged towards the loading position, and the temperature detection part is connected to the shell and used for detecting the temperature of the loading position. The device can effectively solve the problem that the ablation test device only has a single functional test, so that the high-precision experiment requirement is difficult to meet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and in particular to a laser ablation behavior testing system and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Under the action of high-intensity lasers, materials undergo a complex ablation process, including surface evaporation, melting, plasma formation, and redeposition, resulting in significant changes in surface morphology, chemical composition, and mechanical properties. This process may directly affect the service performance of materials in key areas, such as precision maintenance in micro-nano processing, durability in high-temperature environments, or structural integrity under high-energy impact.

[0003] Accurately simulating and evaluating the behavior of materials under laser ablation conditions is of great significance for revealing the structural evolution mechanism of materials under high-energy lasers, optimizing material design, and developing higher-performance protective and functional materials. However, most common laser ablation test devices currently have the problem of single functional testing, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of high-precision experiments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a laser ablation behavior testing system and testing method to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the ablation testing device only has a single functional test, thus making it difficult to meet the high-precision experimental requirements.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser ablation behavior testing system, comprising: A shell body is formed with a closed cavity; A sample loading assembly, built into the housing and having at least one loading position for loading a sample; a laser generating assembly, wherein a laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly is disposed toward the loading position; and The test assembly includes a gas detection component, a video acquisition component and a temperature detection component. The acquisition end of the gas detection component is connected to the interior of the cavity, the acquisition end of the video acquisition component is arranged toward the loading position, and the temperature detection component is connected to the shell for detecting the temperature of the loading position.

[0006] In some embodiments, the sample loading assembly includes a base and a sample holder, the base is connected to the inner wall of the shell, the sample holder is rotatably connected to the base, and a plurality of loading positions are provided. When the plurality of loading positions rotate with the sample holder, they can be respectively arranged toward the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly.

[0007] In some embodiments, the shell is provided with a first gas outlet, the gas detection device includes a gas analyzer and a sampling tube, the gas analyzer is arranged outside the shell, one end of the sampling tube is connected to the interior of the shell via the first gas outlet, and the other end is connected to the interior of the gas analyzer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the shell is also provided with a first air inlet, and the laser ablation behavior testing system also includes an experimental cover and an air supply assembly. The experimental cover is arranged on the shell, the laser generating assembly and the video acquisition assembly. The air supply assembly includes a gas source, a flow controller and a gas mixer. The gas source is external to the experimental cover, and the flow controller is arranged on the gas outlet end of the gas source. One end of the gas mixer is connected to the interior of the shell via the first air inlet, and the other end is connected to the gas outlet end of the gas source.

[0009] In some embodiments, the shell is further provided with a second air outlet, and the laser ablation behavior testing system further comprises an exhaust gas component, wherein the exhaust gas component is connected to the outer wall of the experimental cover and communicates with the interior of the shell via the second air outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the shell is further provided with a second air inlet, and the air supply assembly further comprises a pressurizing member, the air inlet end of the pressurizing member is connected to the external environment of the experimental cover, and the air outlet end is connected to the interior of the shell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shell has a light-transmitting window, and the laser emitted by the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly can pass through the light-transmitting window to reach the transfer position. The laser generating assembly includes a condenser, a laser and a reflector. The condenser is arranged relative to the light-transmitting window. The laser is connected to the inner wall of the experimental cover for emitting a laser beam. The reflector is arranged between the condenser and the laser for guiding the laser beam to pass through the condenser and enter the light-transmitting window.

[0012] In some embodiments, the laser ablation behavior testing system further includes an infrared temperature sensor, which is disposed opposite to the light-transmitting window and connected to the inner wall of the experimental cover.

[0013] In some embodiments, the laser ablation behavior testing system also includes an upper machine position, which is arranged outside the experimental cover and is electrically connected to the video acquisition component, temperature detection component, gas analyzer, gas mixer, flow controller, exhaust gas component and laser.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a laser ablation behavior testing method, using the laser ablation behavior testing system as described above, the specific steps are as follows: Fix the sample to be tested on the loading position, and make the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly face the sample to be tested and the loading position; Start the laser generating component; Receive the sample temperature data transmitted by the temperature detection component in real time, and synchronously display the temperature change curve of the sample. After reaching the set temperature, it remains unchanged. The real-time image of the sample is displayed through the video acquisition component, and the gas composition after ablation is monitored in real time through the gas detection component; After the laser ablation is completed, the sample after the laser ablation experiment is taken out.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the laser ablation behavior test system and test method provided by the present invention include: a closed cavity is formed inside the shell, the sample loading assembly is built into the shell, and at least one loading position for placing the sample is formed, the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly can emit a laser beam and irradiate it onto the sample, and the gas detection component, the video acquisition component and the temperature detection component are respectively used to obtain the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation in real time. Compared with the prior art, the gas detection component, the video acquisition component and the temperature detection component can respectively sample and test the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation, and a variety of different data of laser ablation behavior can be obtained, and the acquisition process is automated, with real-time monitoring capabilities, which can meet the needs of high-precision experiments, and can effectively solve the technical problem in the prior art that the ablation test device only has a single functional test, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of high-precision experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a laser ablation behavior testing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the housing and the sample loading assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a video acquisition component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: Experimental cover 1; shell 2; light-transmitting window 21; first air outlet 22; second air inlet 23; first air inlet 24; second air outlet 25; sample loading assembly 3; loading position 31; base 32; sample fixing seat 33; rotating disk 34; first servo motor 35; cooling liquid part 36; laser generating assembly 4; condenser 41; laser 42; reflecting mirror 43; testing assembly 5; gas detection part 51; gas analyzer 511; sampling tube 512; video acquisition part 52; shell 521; filter 522; cold light source 523; cooling system 524; robotic arm 525; temperature detection part 53; gas supply assembly 6; gas source 61; flow controller 62; gas mixer 63; pressurizing part 64; exhaust gas assembly 7; infrared temperature sensor 8; upper machine position 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In order to solve the technical problem of low test accuracy caused by the single functionality and lack of real-time monitoring capability of most ablation testing devices, the present invention provides a laser ablation behavior testing system and testing method, which can respectively sample and test the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation through a gas detection component 51, a video acquisition component 52 and a temperature detection component 53, and can obtain a variety of different data of laser ablation behavior. The acquisition process is automated and has real-time monitoring capability, which can meet the needs of high-precision experiments.

[0020] It should be noted that the laser ablation behavior testing system and testing method of the present invention are used for but not limited to the field of material performance testing technology, etc. For the sake of convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the application of the laser ablation behavior testing system and testing method in the field of material performance testing technology is used as an example for explanation, and the principles of applying the laser ablation behavior testing system and testing method to other types of equipment are essentially the same as those applied to the field of material performance testing technology, and are not described in detail here.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figures 1 to 3It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser ablation behavior testing system and a testing method in one embodiment of the present invention. A laser ablation behavior testing system includes: a shell 2, a sample loading component 3, a laser generating component 4 and a testing component 5. The shell 2 forms a closed cavity. The sample loading component 3 is built into the shell 2 and has at least one loading position 31 for loading samples. The laser emitting end of the laser generating component 4 is arranged toward the loading position 31. The testing component 5 includes a gas detection component 51, a video acquisition component 52 and a temperature detection component 53. The acquisition end of the gas detection component 51 is connected to the interior of the cavity, the acquisition end of the video acquisition component 52 is arranged toward the loading position 31, and the temperature detection component 53 is connected to the shell 2 for detecting the temperature of the loading position 31.

[0022] In the present system, a closed cavity is formed inside the shell 2, a sample loading assembly 3 is built into the shell 2, and is formed with at least one loading position 31 for placing the sample, a laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly 4 can emit a laser beam and irradiate it onto the sample, and a gas detection component 51, a video acquisition component 52 and a temperature detection component 53 are respectively used for real-time acquisition of the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation can be sampled and tested through the gas detection component 51, the video acquisition component 52 and the temperature detection component 53, respectively, so that a variety of different data of laser ablation behavior can be obtained, and the acquisition process is automated, with real-time monitoring capabilities, which can meet the needs of high-precision experiments and can effectively solve the technical problem in the prior art that the ablation test device only has a single functional test, thus making it difficult to meet the needs of high-precision experiments.

[0024] In this embodiment, an experimental cover 1 is also included, and the shell 2 has a light-transmitting window 21 . The laser emitted by the laser emitting end of the laser generating component 4 can pass through the light-transmitting window 21 to reach the transfer position 31 .

[0025] Furthermore, the experimental cover 1 here is a transparent cover structure that is hollow and sealed inside, the shell 2 here is a sealed shell structure that is hollow inside, and a light entrance hole is opened at its light-transmitting window 21, and a high-transmittance quartz window is embedded in the light entrance hole. The temperature detection component 53 here is a thermocouple that is common and easy to purchase on the market, which can sample the regional temperature. The thermocouple adopts a K-type thermocouple with a temperature measurement range from 0°C to 2000°C and a response time of less than 1ms. The experimental cover 1, shell 2 and thermocouple here are all conventional settings known to technical personnel in this field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, the video acquisition component 52 includes a housing 521, a filter 522, an LED cold light source 523, a cooling system 524 and a mechanical arm 525. It has a built-in high-performance image processing chip. The video acquisition component 52 supports 4K and above resolutions, and a frame rate of up to 240 frames per second, which is used to capture fast ablation dynamics.

[0027] Furthermore, the video acquisition component 52 also includes an imaging photosensitive element. The imaging photosensitive element uses a CMOS sensor, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity and low noise and is adaptable to strong light reflection or weak light conditions. The movement and angle adjustment of the video acquisition component 52 are controlled by a mechanical rocker arm. The mechanical arm 525 supports multi-axis movement and is used to observe the ablation area from different directions. The rocker arm base is equipped with a shock-absorbing gasket to prevent imaging jitter caused by vibration or airflow during laser ablation. The video acquisition is processed by a built-in high-performance image processing chip, which can transmit and process the video data collected by the camera in real time. At the same time, it is equipped with a large-capacity storage device to support long-term experimental data recording. Its data backup function can upload the experimental results to the cloud or export them to an external storage device. An LED cold light source 523 should be provided around the observation unit to provide uniform lighting to reduce shadow and reflection interference. In addition, a replaceable filter is provided to filter laser scattered light in a specific band to enhance the imaging quality. No more details will be given here.

[0028] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the sample loading assembly 3 includes a base 32 and a sample fixing seat 33. The base 32 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 2. A plurality of loading positions 31 are provided on the side of the sample fixing seat 33 opposite to the light-transmitting window 21. The sample fixing seat 33 can rotate around its own axis relative to the base 32, so that the plurality of loading positions 31 are respectively connected to the light-transmitting window 21.

[0029] By providing a plurality of loading positions 31 on the sample holder 33 and utilizing the rotation of the sample holder 33 relative to the base 32 , the samples to be tested in the loading positions 31 at different positions can be driven to be arranged relative to the light-transmitting window 21 , which is beneficial to improving the test efficiency.

[0030] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the sample loading assembly 3 also includes a rotating disk 34, a first servo motor 35 and a cooling liquid component 36. One end of the rotating disk 34 is connected to the sample fixing seat 33, and the other end is connected to the base 32 through the first servo motor 35, so that high-precision adjustment of the position of the sample to be tested can be achieved. At the same time, the cooling liquid component 36 can effectively improve the heat dissipation performance and reduce the heat accumulation caused by long-term laser ablation. Here, the rotating disk 34, the first servo motor 35 and the cooling liquid component 36 are all common and easy-to-purchase equipment on the market, which belong to conventional settings known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the shell 2 is provided with a first gas outlet 22, the gas detection component 51 includes a gas analyzer 511 and a sampling tube 512, the gas analyzer 511 is connected to the experimental cover 1, one end of the sampling tube 512 is connected to the interior of the shell 2 via the first gas outlet 22, and the other end is connected to the interior of the gas analyzer 511.

[0032] Through the first gas outlet 22 , the gas generated after laser ablation can be discharged and enter the gas analyzer 511 .

[0033] Furthermore, the gas analyzer 511 here is a common and easy-to-purchase device on the market, and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the sampling tube 512 is funnel-shaped and is equipped with a micro vacuum pump. Negative pressure is generated to drive aerosols and particulate matter to quickly pass through the delivery pipeline to the analyzer, wherein the gas, aerosol and particles generated by ablation are collected and introduced into the subsequent analysis system. The funnel opening of the sampling tube 512 is located at the center of the bottom of the confinement chamber to maximize the capture of ablation products. The interior of the pipeline is polished to reduce particle adhesion.

[0035] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the shell 2 is further provided with a second air inlet 23 , and the air supply assembly 6 further includes a pressurizing member 64 , the air inlet end of the pressurizing member 64 is connected to the external environment of the experimental cover 1 , and the air outlet end is connected to the interior of the shell 2 .

[0036] By providing the pressurizing member 64 , a pressurizing device can be formed in the housing 2 to meet the requirements of usage scenarios with different pressures.

[0037] Furthermore, the second air inlet 23 is arranged relative to the sample, and the pressurizing member 64 introduces high-pressure gas into the housing 2, and can also blow the gas after laser ablation into the sampling tube 512, which is conducive to the smooth sampling.

[0038] Furthermore, the gas detection component 51 here should also include a system control and synchronization module, which is responsible for integrating the synchronous control of gas flow, vacuum pump and analyzer, displaying the experimental status through the interface, and adjusting the gas flow and analysis parameters in real time, which will not be elaborated here.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the shell 2 is also provided with a first air inlet 24, and the laser ablation behavior testing system also includes a gas supply assembly 6, which includes a gas source 61, a flow controller 62 and a gas mixer 63. The gas source 61 is externally arranged on the experimental cover 1, and the flow controller 62 is arranged on the gas outlet end of the gas source 61. One end of the gas mixer 63 is connected to the interior of the shell 2 via the first air inlet 24, and the other end is connected to the gas outlet end of the gas source 61.

[0040] The gas in the gas source 61 is supplied to the housing 2 through the gas supply assembly 6 to meet the gas demand of the ablation process and facilitate the discharge or treatment of the exhaust gas.

[0041] Furthermore, the gas supply assembly 6 includes a gas supply module, a gas flow controller 62, a gas pressure regulating module, an exhaust gas treatment module, and an atmosphere monitoring module, which jointly control and dynamically adjust the atmosphere state in the device so that it can accurately simulate the ablation environment under multiple atmosphere change conditions. No further details will be given here.

[0042] In one of the embodiments, the gas source 61 includes air, oxygen, argon and nitrogen. During the ablation process, air and oxygen are supplied in the gas source 61, and can be stably supplied to the ablation process through the flow controller 62 and the gas mixer 63. During the cooling or exhaust gas treatment process, argon and nitrogen are supplied in the gas source 61. The use of inert gases such as argon and nitrogen can effectively cool the shell 2 and is beneficial to the discharge of exhaust gas.

[0043] Furthermore, the gas flow controller 62 can accurately adjust the flow of each gas, and the flow adjustment range is 0.1sccm to 10000sccm, which is suitable for low flow and high flow experimental requirements. The mass flow controller 62 is equipped with a built-in thermistor and flow sensor to ensure flow stability and high precision, which will not be elaborated here.

[0044] In this embodiment, the shell 2 is further provided with a second air outlet 25 , and the laser ablation behavior testing system further includes an exhaust component 7 , which is connected to the outer wall of the experimental cover 1 and communicated with the interior of the shell 2 via the second air outlet 25 .

[0045] The tail gas component 7 is used to process the tail gas in the housing 2 to avoid external discharge causing environmental pollution.

[0046] Furthermore, the exhaust component 7 has a built-in multi-stage filtration system, including a particulate filter, an activated carbon filter and a chemical absorption unit, which are used to separate aerosols, adsorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and remove harmful gases, complete the exhaust gas purification before exhaust, and ensure the safety and environmental protection of the experimental environment; it should be equipped with a gas sensor to monitor the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas in real time, and automatically alarm if it exceeds the set threshold.

[0047] In this example, Figure 1 As shown, the laser generating assembly 4 includes a condenser 41, a laser 42 and a reflector 43. The condenser 41 is arranged relative to the light-transmitting window 21. The laser 42 is connected to the inside of the experimental cover 1 for emitting a laser beam. The reflector 43 is arranged between the condenser 41 and the laser 42 for guiding the laser beam to pass through the condenser 41 and enter the light-transmitting window 21.

[0048] The laser beam is irradiated onto the sample through the condenser lens 41 , the laser 42 and the reflection mirror 43 .

[0049] Furthermore, the main components of the laser 42 include a tunable laser resonant cavity, the wavelength range supports the ultraviolet to infrared range, and the interior contains a laser gain medium and a reflector 43 system for efficiently generating a laser beam.

[0050] According to the above scheme, the main components of the laser 42 include a pulse modulator (nanosecond, picosecond or femtosecond modulation) and a high-precision digital signal processor for accurately controlling the duration and frequency of the laser pulse; the laser 42 is equipped with beam collimation and expansion components to ensure the high directionality and stability of the laser output. At the same time, the built-in spatial filter is used to improve the beam quality and reduce scattering and diffraction effects.

[0051] According to the above scheme, the laser 42 is provided with an electric laser shutter, which can quickly open or close the laser output to protect the optical path and the safety of the operator. The shutter response time is less than 1ms, meeting the high-speed experimental conditions.

[0052] Furthermore, the laser 42 should also be provided with a closed-loop liquid cooling system, in which the cooling medium circulates through the internal pipeline of the laser 42 to dissipate heat, and is equipped with a high-precision temperature controller to maintain the operating temperature of the core components of the laser 42 within the range of ±0.1°C.

[0053] In one of the embodiments, the high-reflectivity total reflector is made of high-strength and high-temperature resistant material and is equipped with an adjustable reflector 43 bracket to support fine adjustment of angle and height, facilitating optical path correction and alignment.

[0054] According to the above scheme, the beam collimator is used to expand the laser beam into a collimated parallel beam to ensure the uniformity and directionality of the beam energy distribution. The built-in lens can be movable, deflected, disassembled and installed, and high-precision alignment and calibration is used to prevent the optical axis from deviating.

[0055] Furthermore, the focusing lens has high thermal stability and high transmittance, supports the replacement of lenses with various focal lengths to meet different experimental conditions, and is coated with a broadband anti-reflection coating on the surface to effectively reduce light energy loss and stray light interference.

[0056] According to the above scheme, the laser generating component 4 should meet the calibration requirements, including precise control of the position of the reflector 43 and the lens through a micron screw adjuster, a built-in low-power indication signal source for quickly calibrating the collimation and symmetry of the optical path, and a photoelectric sensor for real-time detection of beam deviation and sending a correction signal to the control system.

[0057] According to the above scheme, the laser generating component 4 also includes a sealed optical path protection cover, which uses transparent high-temperature resistant materials to support visual inspection of the optical path; the entire optical path transmission area is sealed to prevent dust, particulate matter or exhaust gas from contaminating the optical components.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the device further comprises an infrared temperature sensor 8 , which is arranged opposite to the light-transmitting window 21 and connected to the inner wall of the experimental cover 1 .

[0059] Here, the infrared temperature sensor 8 is a non-contact infrared thermometer, and the infrared temperature sensor 8 is complementary to the thermocouple to achieve real-time and accurate measurement of the sample temperature in a dynamic ablation environment.

[0060] Furthermore, the non-contact infrared thermometer supports high sensitivity and fast response, with a temperature measurement range of room temperature (20°C) to 3000°C and a resolution of 0.01°C. It is installed above the sample surface and fixed by an independent robotic arm 525. The height and angle can be adjusted to adapt to the shape and size of different samples. The field of view angle supports an adjustment range of 15° to 90° to ensure coverage of the entire ablation area.

[0061] According to the above scheme, the system should also include a data acquisition and processing module, which generates a high-resolution temperature distribution map through imaging technology after scanning the sample surface. In addition, the temperature data of both the infrared thermometer and the thermocouple are recorded in real time to generate curves that change over time. Real-time calibration can also be performed to ensure the consistency of the measurement accuracy of the infrared thermometer and the thermocouple. I will not go into details here.

[0062] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the system also includes an upper machine position 9, which is arranged outside the experimental cover 1 and is electrically connected to the video acquisition component 52, the temperature detection component 53, the gas analyzer 511, the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62, the exhaust gas component 7 and the laser 42.

[0063] Here, the upper machine position 9 is used to automatically control the video acquisition component 52, the temperature detection component 53, the gas analyzer 511, the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62, the exhaust gas component 7 and the laser 42, so as to realize the automatic and intelligent measurement of the laser ablation behavior.

[0064] Furthermore, the loading station 9 here belongs to the conventional setting well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] The present invention also provides a laser ablation behavior testing method, using the above-mentioned laser ablation behavior testing system, the specific steps are as follows: Fix the sample to be tested on the loading position 31, turn on the infrared temperature sensor 8, the video acquisition component 52, and the temperature detection component 53 and preheat them; Adjust the sample holder 33 to rotate so that the loading position 31 where the sample to be tested is placed is arranged opposite to the light-transmitting window 21; Using the upper machine position 9, the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62 and the tail gas assembly 7 are turned on to supply gas to the interior of the housing 2; Start the laser 42, so that the laser beam passes through the reflector 43, the condenser 41 and the light-transmitting window 21 in sequence and irradiates the sample to be tested; The upper machine position 9 receives the sample temperature data transmitted by the infrared temperature sensor 8 and the temperature detection element 53 in real time, and synchronously displays the temperature change curve of the sample. After reaching the set temperature, it remains unchanged, and the real-time image of the sample is displayed through the video acquisition element 52; After laser ablation is completed, an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen is introduced into the experimental cover 1 for cooling using a gas mixer 63 and a flow controller 62 until the temperature of the sample and the device returns to a safe range. Then, the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62 and the exhaust gas component 7 are closed, and the sample after the laser ablation experiment is taken out.

[0066] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 3 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: The experimental cover 1 is provided with a hollow shell 2, and a closed cavity is formed inside the shell 2. The sample loading assembly 3 is built into the shell 2 and is formed with at least one loading position 31 for placing the sample. The laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly 4 can emit a laser beam and irradiate it onto the sample. The gas detection component 51, the video acquisition component 52 and the temperature detection component 53 are respectively used to obtain the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation in real time. Compared with the prior art, the gas detection component 51, the video acquisition component 52 and the temperature detection component 53 can respectively sample and test the gas composition, temperature change and video data after laser ablation, and can obtain a variety of different data of laser ablation behavior, and the acquisition process is automated, with real-time monitoring capabilities, which can meet the needs of high-precision experiments.

[0067] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows: fix the sample to be tested on the loading position 31, turn on the infrared temperature sensor 8, the video acquisition component 52, and the temperature detection component 53 and preheat them; adjust the rotation of the sample fixing seat 33 so that the loading position 31 on which the sample to be tested is placed is arranged opposite to the light-transmitting window 21; use the upper machine position 9 to turn on the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62 and the exhaust gas component 7 to add gas to the interior of the housing 2; start the laser 42 so that the laser beam passes through the reflector 43, the condenser 41 and the light-transmitting window 21 in sequence and irradiates the sample to be tested; use The upper machine position 9 receives the sample temperature data transmitted by the infrared temperature sensor 8 and the temperature detection component 53 in real time, and synchronously displays the temperature change curve of the sample. After reaching the set temperature, it remains unchanged, and the real-time image of the sample is displayed through the video acquisition component 52. After completing the laser ablation, the gas mixer 63 and the flow controller 62 are used to introduce argon or nitrogen and other inert gases into the experimental cover 1 for cooling until the temperature of the sample and the device returns to a safe range, and then the gas mixer 63, the flow controller 62 and the exhaust component 7 are turned off, and then the sample after the laser ablation experiment is taken out.

[0068] Furthermore, compared with the existing technology that has a single function or relies on the collaboration of multiple devices, this system greatly improves the test efficiency and data consistency, and is suitable for the ablation performance research of various materials such as metals, ceramics, glass, composite materials and coatings.

[0069] Through the high-precision gas flow controller 62, gas mixer 63 and gas pressure regulation module, the system can accurately simulate a variety of complex ablation conditions such as vacuum, high pressure and dynamic atmosphere changes; it supports precise adjustment and real-time switching of single atmosphere or mixed atmosphere, and meets the diverse needs of research on the behavior of materials in extreme environments.

[0070] The dynamic sampling unit of this system adopts a highly sensitive gas collection system to collect gases, aerosols and particulate matter in the ablation process in real time, and conducts precise component analysis through mass spectrometry, gas chromatography and other means. It can detect gas concentrations as low as 10ppm and particles in the range of 0.01µm to 100µm. Compared with traditional intermittent sampling methods, it greatly improves the integrity and reliability of the data.

[0071] The sample loading unit of this system adopts a rotating turntable design, which can load multiple samples at one time. It is driven by a servo motor to achieve automatic switching, and multiple sample tests can be completed without human intervention. The sample fixing position can be flexibly adjusted to accommodate samples of various sizes with diameters ranging from 10mm to 100mm. It supports continuous testing and repeated experiments, greatly improving experimental efficiency.

[0072] This system combines a non-contact infrared thermometer with a thermocouple to monitor the temperature distribution in the ablation area in real time and generate a high-resolution temperature distribution map. The data acquisition and analysis module can record the temperature change curve and provide the thermal response behavior of the material in the ablation environment, providing accurate temperature control and verification for experimental research.

[0073] Furthermore, the system uses a sealed optical path protection cover to prevent particulate matter and exhaust gas from contaminating the optical components, and has built-in beam collimation and expansion components to ensure the uniformity and directionality of the laser beam energy distribution. The shutter control system has a response time of less than 1ms, which can quickly cut off the laser output, avoid damage to equipment and personnel, and significantly improve the safety of the experiment.

[0074] The system's environmental atmosphere control unit is equipped with an exhaust gas treatment module and a built-in multi-stage filtration system to effectively filter volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and harmful gases, reducing the potential harm of the experiment to the environment and operators. All modules are parameterized and remotely operated, significantly improving experimental efficiency and safety.

[0075] The laser generating assembly 4 in this system is equipped with a closed-loop liquid cooling system, and the cooling medium circulates to dissipate heat, ensuring the stability of the laser 42 during long-term operation; a liquid cooling device is provided at the bottom of the sample fixing seat 33 for sample loading, which can reduce the heat accumulation problem caused by high-power laser and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0076] Through the above structure, the system can effectively solve the technical problem in the prior art that most ablation test devices have single functionality and lack real-time monitoring capabilities, resulting in low test accuracy.

[0077] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser ablation behavior testing system, characterized in that: include: A shell body is formed with a closed cavity; A sample loading assembly, built into the housing and having at least one loading position for loading a sample; a laser generating assembly, wherein a laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly is disposed toward the loading position; and The test assembly includes a gas detection component, a video acquisition component and a temperature detection component. The acquisition end of the gas detection component is connected to the interior of the cavity, the acquisition end of the video acquisition component is arranged toward the loading position, and the temperature detection component is connected to the shell for detecting the temperature of the loading position.

2. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample loading assembly includes a base and a sample fixing seat, wherein the base is connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the sample fixing seat is rotatably connected to the base and is provided with a plurality of loading positions. When the plurality of loading positions rotate with the sample fixing seat, they can be respectively arranged toward the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly.

3. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a first gas outlet, and the gas detection component includes a gas analyzer and a sampling tube. The gas analyzer is arranged outside the shell, and one end of the sampling tube is connected to the interior of the shell via the first gas outlet, and the other end is connected to the interior of the gas analyzer.

4. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with a first air inlet, and the laser ablation behavior testing system also includes an experimental cover and an air supply assembly. The experimental cover is arranged on the shell, the laser generating assembly and the video acquisition component. The air supply assembly includes an air source, a flow controller and a gas mixer. The air source is external to the experimental cover, and the flow controller is arranged on the air outlet end of the air source. One end of the gas mixer is connected to the interior of the shell via the first air inlet, and the other end is connected to the air outlet end of the air source.

5. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with a second air outlet. The laser ablation behavior test system further comprises an exhaust gas component. The exhaust gas component is connected to the outer wall of the experimental cover and communicated with the interior of the shell via the second air outlet.

6. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with a second air inlet, and the air supply assembly further comprises a pressurizing member, the air inlet end of the pressurizing member is connected to the external environment of the experimental cover, and the air outlet end of the pressurizing member is connected to the interior of the shell.

7. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell has a light-transmitting window, and the laser emitted by the laser emitting end of the laser generating component can pass through the light-transmitting window to reach the transfer position. The laser generating component includes a condenser, a laser and a reflector. The condenser is arranged relative to the light-transmitting window. The laser is connected to the inner wall of the experimental cover and is used to emit a laser beam. The reflector is arranged between the condenser and the laser and is used to guide the laser beam to pass through the condenser and enter the light-transmitting window.

8. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an infrared temperature sensor, which is arranged relative to the light-transmitting window and connected to the inner wall of the experimental cover.

9. The laser ablation behavior testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an upper machine position, which is arranged outside the experimental cover and is electrically connected to the video acquisition component, the temperature detection component, the gas analyzer, the gas mixer, the flow controller, the exhaust gas component and the laser.

10. A laser ablation behavior testing method, characterized in that: Using the laser ablation behavior testing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the specific steps are as follows: Fix the sample to be tested on the loading position, and make the laser emitting end of the laser generating assembly face the sample to be tested and the loading position; Start the laser generating component; Receive the sample temperature data transmitted by the temperature detection component in real time, and synchronously display the temperature change curve of the sample. After reaching the set temperature, it remains unchanged. The real-time image of the sample is displayed through the video acquisition component, and the gas composition after ablation is monitored in real time through the gas detection component; After the laser ablation is completed, the sample after the laser ablation experiment is taken out.

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