Laser radar observation system

Abstract

The invention provides a laser radar observation system, which relates to the technical field of remote sensing, and is characterized in that optical glass is mounted on a skylight of a square cabin, a shading cylinder is mounted right above the optical glass, a first fan is mounted at the top of the inner side of the square cabin, and a second fan is mounted on the inner wall of the shading cylinder; and observation data are received through the laser radar telescope receiver. According to the laser radar observation system provided by the invention, direct sunlight can be effectively shielded, noise caused by direct sunlight can be reduced, formation of dewdrops can be avoided, noise caused by scattered light can be reduced, noise data in observation data received by a laser radar telescope receiver can be reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio can be increased, and the observation accuracy can be improved. And the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of remote sensing technology, and in particular to a laser radar observation system. Background Art

[0002] LiDAR is an active remote sensing device that is widely used in the observation of aerosols, clouds, water vapor and atmospheric gases. It emits laser pulses through a laser and receives backscattered light from the detected material through a telescope, thereby calculating the distance and inverting the characteristics of the detected material at that distance.

[0003] The existing laser radar observation system places the laser radar in a cabin or rooftop room, then opens a skylight on the top of the cabin or roof, and covers the skylight with optical glass to prevent rain and keep warm. However, the backscattered light of the detected object received by the telescope through the optical glass contains a lot of noise caused by sunlight, so the observation error is large. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a laser radar observation system, which is used to solve the technical problem of inaccurate observation of the laser radar observation system in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a laser radar observation system, comprising: a cabin, optical glass, a first fan, a second fan, a light shielding tube and a laser radar telescope receiver; The optical glass is installed on the skylight of the cabin, and the optical glass is used to cover the skylight; The first fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the first fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the inside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the inside of the cabin; The second fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube; the second fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin; The light-shielding cylinder is connected to the outer top of the cabin, and is used to block direct sunlight; The laser radar telescope receiver is installed at the bottom of the cabin, and the laser radar telescope receiver is used to receive the light signal emitted from the optical glass.

[0006] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the vertical height of the light-shielding tube is determined based on the latitude of the location of the laser radar observation system and the diameter of the skylight.

[0007] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-shielding tube is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the optical glass.

[0008] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the structure of the light-shielding tube includes any one of a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube and a sphere.

[0009] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the material of the light-shielding tube includes any one of matte metal and light-absorbing metal.

[0010] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the power of the first fan and the second fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

[0011] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the system further includes a third fan and a fourth fan; The third fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the third fan is started in case of failure of the first fan. The third fan is used to accelerate the air flow of the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin; The fourth fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube. The fourth fan is started when the second fan fails. The fourth fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the outside of the cabin.

[0012] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the power of the third fan and the fourth fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

[0013] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the area of ​​the optical glass is less than or equal to the top area of ​​the cabin.

[0014] According to a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, the optical glass includes any one of laser glass, quartz optical glass, infrared glass and sapphire glass.

[0015] A laser radar observation system provided by the present invention realizes light path transmission and rainproof and heat preservation by installing optical glass on the skylight of a cabin; blocks direct sunlight by installing a sunshade tube just above the optical glass, thereby effectively reducing the noise caused by direct sunlight; effectively avoids the formation of dew drops and reduces the noise caused by scattered light by installing a first fan on the inner top of the cabin and installing a second fan on the inner wall of the sunshade tube, thereby reducing the noise data in the observation data received by the laser radar telescope receiver, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Lidar is widely used in the observation of aerosols, clouds, water vapor and atmospheric gases. It emits laser pulses through a laser, receives the backscattered light of the detected material through a telescope, calculates the distance based on the transmission time of the light, and inverts the characteristics of the detected material at that distance based on the characteristics of the backscattered light. However, sunlight, as a long-term and stable light source in nature, is much stronger than the laser radar pulse energy and can cover up the laser radar's own signal, thereby causing interference or noise data to the laser radar observation.

[0019] In addition, in actual observations, the laser radar telescope receiver is usually placed in a cabin or on the roof, so a skylight needs to be opened on the top of the cabin or on the roof, and covered with optical glass to prevent rain and keep warm. However, due to the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, indoor water vapor or outdoor hot air can easily form dew on the skylight, which will also increase the scattered light entering the observation system to form noise signals or affect optical path transmission.

[0020] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a laser radar observation system to reduce direct sunlight on the skylight optical glass and avoid the formation of dew, thereby reducing the noise data in the observation data received by the laser radar telescope receiver, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system.

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Combine the following Figure 1 A laser radar observation system of the present invention is described.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser radar observation system provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the system at least includes: a cabin, optical glass, a first fan, a second fan, a light shielding tube, and a laser radar telescope receiver; The optical glass is installed on the skylight of the cabin, and the optical glass is used to cover the skylight; The first fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the first fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the inside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the inside of the cabin; The second fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube; the second fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin; The light-shielding cylinder is connected to the outer top of the cabin, and is used to block direct and reflected sunlight; The laser radar telescope receiver is installed at the bottom of the cabin, and the laser radar telescope receiver is used to receive the light signal emitted from the optical glass.

[0024] Specifically, the laser radar observation system provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least includes: a cabin, optical glass, a first fan, a second fan, a light shielding tube and a laser radar telescope receiver.

[0025] In actual observation, the lidar is usually placed in a shelter or roof room. The laser emits laser pulses outward, and then the lidar telescope receiver receives the backscattered light of the detected material. The distance is calculated based on the transmission time of the light, and the characteristics of the detected material at that distance are inverted based on the characteristics of the backscattered light. Therefore, a skylight is installed on the top of the shelter or roof room. In order to prevent rain and keep warm, it is necessary to install an optical glass on the skylight to cover the skylight.

[0026] Optionally, the optical glass includes any one of laser glass, quartz optical glass, infrared glass and sapphire glass.

[0027] Specifically, optical glass is a glass that can change the propagation direction of light and the relative spectral distribution of ultraviolet, visible or infrared light. Any one of laser glass, quartz optical glass, infrared glass and sapphire glass can be used.

[0028] The optical glass in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively transmit the optical signal and ensure the optical path transmission, so that the optical signal of the backscattered light of the detected object is received by the laser radar telescope receiver through the optical glass. At the same time, it can also prevent rain and keep heat, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment in the laser radar observation system.

[0029] Sunlight, a long-term and stable light source in nature, is much stronger than the laser radar pulse energy and can mask the laser radar's own signal, causing the optical signal received by the laser radar telescope receiver to be mixed with a large amount of sunlight noise signal, resulting in errors in subsequent calculations and reducing the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system.

[0030] In order to reduce the noise caused by direct sunlight, a sunshade tube is designed in an embodiment of the present invention. The sunshade tube is connected to the outer top of the cabin, and the sunshade tube is installed directly above the optical glass by means of non-destructive adhesive or wire fixing. The direct sunlight is blocked by the sunshade tube, thereby effectively reducing the noise caused by direct sunlight and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0031] In addition, in actual applications, due to the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, dewdrops are easily formed on the skylight, which will also increase the scattered light entering the observation system or affect the optical path transmission.

[0032] For example, when the indoor temperature is high and the outdoor temperature is low, the water vapor in the room will be cooled and liquefied on the optical glass, condensing into dewdrops; when the indoor temperature is low and the outdoor temperature is high, the hot air outside will be cooled and liquefied on the optical glass, condensing into dewdrops. When light hits the dewdrops, it will form scattered light through the dewdrops, so that the light signal received by the lidar telescope receiver is mixed with the scattered light signal, resulting in errors in subsequent calculations and reducing the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0033] In order to reduce the noise generated by scattered light, the embodiment of the present invention designs a first fan and a second fan.

[0034] The first fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, near the optical glass, by non-destructive adhesive or screw fixing, so that the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the inside of the cabin can be accelerated by directly blowing the optical glass toward the inside of the cabin, so as to avoid the liquefaction of indoor water vapor on the optical glass, thereby effectively avoiding the formation of dewdrops, thereby reducing invalid observation data generated by scattered light, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0035] The second fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube near the optical glass by means of non-destructive adhesive or screw fixing, so that the second fan can directly blow the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin, avoid the liquefaction of outdoor hot air on the optical glass, and effectively avoid the formation of dew drops, thereby reducing invalid observation data generated by scattered light, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0036] A laser radar observation system provided by the present invention realizes light path transmission and rainproof and heat preservation by installing optical glass on the skylight of a cabin; blocks direct sunlight by installing a sunshade tube just above the optical glass, thereby effectively reducing the noise caused by direct sunlight; effectively avoids the formation of dew drops and reduces the noise caused by scattered light by installing a first fan on the inner top of the cabin and installing a second fan on the inner wall of the sunshade tube, thereby reducing the noise data in the observation data received by the laser radar telescope receiver, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system.

[0037] Optionally, the vertical height of the light-shielding cylinder is determined based on the latitude of the location of the laser radar observation system and the diameter of the skylight.

[0038] Specifically, the function of the sunshade barrel is to block the direct sunlight from the optical glass installed in the skylight. The vertical height H of the sunshade barrel is based on the reference of blocking the sunlight at noon on the summer solstice. Therefore, the vertical height of the sunshade barrel is equal to the latitude of the observation station where the lidar observation system is located. It is related to the diameter L of the skylight.

[0039] North of the Tropic of Cancer or south of the Tropic of Capricorn, depending on latitude The vertical height H of the corresponding shading tube can be calculated according to the difference.

[0040] North of the Tropic of Cancer, the vertical height H of the sunshade tube is calculated as follows: Where L is the diameter of the skylight, h is the solar altitude angle at noon on the summer solstice, is the latitude of the observation station where the lidar observation system is located north of the Tropic of Cancer, The latitude of the Tropic of Cancer N.

[0041] South of the Tropic of Capricorn, the latitude of the Tropic of Capricorn is S is based on the latitude of the observation station where the lidar observation system is located south of the Tropic of Capricorn. The vertical height H of the light-shielding tube can be calculated accordingly.

[0042] For the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, since the solar altitude angle can reach 90°, it is inevitable that the skylight will be directly hit at certain times of the year; in addition, considering that the solar altitude angle in the area near the Tropic of Cancer can be close to 90°, the vertical height H of the corresponding sunshade calculated according to the above formula will be close to infinity, which does not conform to the actual situation. Therefore, according to the actual situation, in areas with lower latitudes, the direction of the lidar telescope receiver can be appropriately tilted to avoid direct sunlight on the optical glass on the skylight, thereby reducing the noise data generated by sunlight.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention determines the vertical height of the sunshade barrel by the latitude of the location of the laser radar observation system and the diameter of the skylight, so that the sunshade barrel can effectively block or shade direct sunlight, thereby reducing the noise data generated by sunlight and improving the observation accuracy of the laser radar observation system.

[0044] Optionally, a horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-shielding tube is greater than or equal to an area of ​​the optical glass.

[0045] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the light-shading barrel can effectively block or shade direct sunlight, it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-shading barrel is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the optical glass. At the same time, for the convenience of installation, the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-shading barrel cannot be too large, and needs to be less than or equal to the horizontal area of ​​the top of the cabin, and preferably slightly larger than the area of ​​the optical glass.

[0046] Optionally, the area of ​​the optical glass is less than or equal to the top area of ​​the cabin.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to effectively transmit the optical signal, ensure the optical path transmission, and achieve the effect of rainproof and heat preservation, the optical glass needs to cover the skylight of the cabin, that is, the area of ​​the optical glass needs to be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the skylight. At the same time, in order to facilitate installation and reduce material costs, the area of ​​the optical glass needs to be less than or equal to the top area of ​​the cabin. For example, the area of ​​the optical glass is preferably slightly larger than the area of ​​the skylight.

[0048] Optionally, the structure of the light-shielding tube includes any one of a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube and a sphere.

[0049] Specifically, the structure of the light-shielding tube can be a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube, a sphere or other structural bodies, and the horizontal cross-section of the light-shielding tube can be a circle, a rectangle, a square or other shapes.

[0050] The light-shielding tube in the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and use, and has a low cost.

[0051] Optionally, the material of the light-shielding tube includes any one of matte metal and light-absorbing metal.

[0052] Specifically, the material of the sunshade tube can be matte metal or light-absorbing metal or other materials with low surface gloss and no mapping and reflection, so as to better block direct sunlight, thereby effectively reducing the noise data generated by sunlight and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0053] Optionally, power of the first fan and the second fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

[0054] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, for ease of installation, the first fan and the second fan may be cooling fans of smaller size, for example, the length, width and height of the outer dimensions may be 50 mm, 50 mm and 10 mm respectively.

[0055] At the same time, the working power of the first fan and the second fan is at least 1 watt (the maximum air volume that can be provided per minute is about 0.237 cubic meters) or more, so as to provide sufficient wind force, which can directly blow the optical glass toward the surfaces on both sides of the inside and outside of the cabin, so as to accelerate the air flow from the optical glass to the surfaces on both sides of the inside and outside of the cabin, avoid the liquefaction of indoor water vapor or outdoor hot air on the optical glass to form dew drops, thereby reducing scattered light, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0056] Optionally, the system further includes a third fan and a fourth fan; The third fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the third fan is started in case of failure of the first fan. The third fan is used to accelerate the air flow of the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin; The fourth fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube. The fourth fan is started when the second fan fails. The fourth fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the outside of the cabin.

[0057] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the reliability of the fan in the lidar observation system, a third fan is added to the inner top of the cabin so that when the first fan fails, the third fan can be used to replace the first fan in time. When the lidar observation system is not in operation, the first fan can be inspected or replaced to ensure the reliability of the lidar observation system during operation.

[0058] Similarly, a fourth fan is added to the inner wall of the light-shielding tube so that when the second fan fails, the fourth fan can be switched to replace the second fan in time. When the lidar observation system is not running, the second fan can be inspected or replaced to ensure the reliability of the lidar observation system during operation.

[0059] In some embodiments, if the installation conditions permit, more fans can be added. This can not only ensure the stable operation of the lidar observation system in the event of a failure of any fan, but also allow multiple fans to be used simultaneously according to actual needs in special circumstances (for example, when the air humidity is high and dew is more likely to form), so as to provide more sufficient wind power to accelerate the air flow from the optical glass to the inside and outside surfaces of the cabin, thereby preventing indoor water vapor or outdoor hot air from liquefying and forming dew on the optical glass, thereby reducing invalid observation data generated by scattered light, increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the observation accuracy of the lidar observation system.

[0060] Optionally, power of the third fan and the fourth fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

[0061] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate installation and ensure that the third fan has a higher replaceability relative to the first fan and the fourth fan has a higher replaceability relative to the second fan, so as to maintain the stable operation of the lidar observation system, the size, power and other requirements of the third fan and the fourth fan may be similar to or the same as those of the first fan and the second fan.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0063] It should also be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more.

[0064] "Determine B based on A" in the embodiments of the present application means that the factor A should be considered when determining B. It is not limited to "B can be determined based on A alone", but should also include: "Determine B based on A and C", "Determine B based on A, C and E", "Determine C based on A, and further determine B based on C", etc. In addition, it can also include taking A as a condition for determining B, for example, "When A meets the first condition, use the first method to determine B"; for another example, "When A meets the second condition, determine B", etc.; for another example, "When A meets the third condition, determine B based on the first parameter", etc. Of course, it can also be a condition that takes A as a factor for determining B, for example, "When A meets the first condition, use the first method to determine C, and further determine B based on C", etc.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser radar observation system, characterized in that: include: Shelter, optical glass, first fan, second fan, sunshade and laser radar telescope receiver; The optical glass is installed on the skylight of the cabin, and the optical glass is used to cover the skylight; The first fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the first fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the inside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the inside of the cabin; The second fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube; the second fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin; The light-shielding cylinder is connected to the outer top of the cabin, and is used to block direct sunlight; The laser radar telescope receiver is installed at the bottom of the cabin, and the laser radar telescope receiver is used to receive the light signal emitted from the optical glass.

2. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical height of the light-shielding cylinder is determined based on the latitude of the location of the laser radar observation system and the diameter of the skylight.

3. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-shielding tube is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the optical glass.

4. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the light-shielding tube includes any one of a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube and a sphere.

5. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the light-shielding tube includes any one of matte metal and light-absorbing metal.

6. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the first fan and the second fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

7. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes a third fan and a fourth fan; The third fan is installed on the inner top of the cabin, and the third fan is started in case of failure of the first fan. The third fan is used to accelerate the air flow of the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin by directly blowing the surface of the optical glass facing the inner side of the cabin; The fourth fan is installed on the inner wall of the light-shielding tube. The fourth fan is started when the second fan fails. The fourth fan is used to accelerate the air flow on the surface of the optical glass facing the outside of the cabin by directly blowing the optical glass toward the outside of the cabin.

8. The laser radar observation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power of the third fan and the fourth fan are both greater than or equal to 1 watt.

9. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the optical glass is smaller than or equal to the top area of ​​the cabin.

10. The laser radar observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical glass includes any one of laser glass, quartz optical glass, infrared glass and sapphire glass.

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