Display screen and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of display, and provides a display screen and electronic equipment. The display screen comprises a display panel which at least comprises a first display pixel and a second display pixel; the collimation layer is stacked on the display panel in the first direction and used for collimating emergent light of the first display pixels into first collimated light and collimating emergent light of the second display pixels into second collimated light; a first deflection element and a second deflection element, the first deflection element being stacked on the collimating layer and used for performing first deflection on the first collimated light; the second deflection element is stacked on the collimation layer and used for conducting second deflection on the second collimation light, and the deflection refraction direction of the first deflection is different from the deflection refraction direction of the second deflection; wherein the first deflection element and the second deflection element are made of materials which can be formed through a patterning process. According to the invention, the thickness of the display screen can be reduced, and the alignment precision between the emission element and the display pixel can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display screen and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The naked-eye 3D technology allows users to watch videos or images with a stereoscopic visual effect without the help of external tools (e.g., polarized glasses). Generally, the naked-eye 3D display effect can be achieved with a display screen with a specific structure. However, in the prior art, in order to achieve the naked-eye 3D display effect, the thickness of the display screen will be relatively large. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a display screen and an electronic device including the display screen, which can have a small thickness while achieving a naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display screen, comprising: a display panel, the display panel comprising at least a first display pixel and a second display pixel; a collimating layer, the collimating layer being stacked on the display panel along a first direction, and being used to collimate the outgoing light of the first display pixel into a first collimated light, and to collimate the outgoing light of the second display pixel into a second collimated light; a first deflection element and a second deflection element, the first deflection element being stacked on the collimating layer along the first direction, and being used to perform a first deflection on the first collimated light; the second deflection element being stacked on the collimating layer, and being used to perform a second deflection on the second collimated light, the deflection direction of the first deflection being different from the deflection direction of the second deflection; wherein the materials of the first deflection element and the second deflection element are materials that can be formed by a graphic process.

[0005] According to the embodiment of the present application, the deflection element can be formed by a patterning process, so the thickness of the display screen can be significantly reduced. In addition, since the patterning process has a high manufacturing accuracy, the deflection element and the display pixel in the present application can achieve a high alignment accuracy.

[0006] In some embodiments, the collimating layer is used to collimate the outgoing light of the first display pixel and the second display pixel along a first direction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the deflection surface of the first deflection and the deflection surface of the second deflection overlap with each other or are parallel to each other.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first deflection causes the first collimated light to deviate from the first direction to the second direction, and the second deflection causes the second collimated light to deviate from the first direction to the opposite direction of the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the deflection surface of the first deflection.

[0009] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a third display pixel and a fourth display pixel, and the first display pixel, the second display pixel, the third display pixel, and the fourth display pixel are aligned along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction; wherein the light emitted from the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel outside the display screen is scattered light; or, the collimating layer is further used to collimate the emitted light from the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel, so that the light emitted from the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel outside the display screen are parallel light parallel to each other.

[0010] According to the implementation of the present application, the display screen can also switch between 3D mode and 2D mode.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first display pixel, the third display pixel, the second display pixel, and the fourth display pixel are sequentially arranged along the third direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first deflection surface and the second deflection surface overlap or are parallel to each other; and the third direction is parallel to the first deflection surface, or the third direction forms an angle of 45° with the first deflection surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the material of the alignment layer is a material that can be shaped by a patterning process.

[0014] In some embodiments, the collimating layer includes a first collimating element and a second collimating element, and the collimating layer collimates the outgoing light of the first display pixel through the first collimating element and collimates the outgoing light of the first display pixel through the second collimating element.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first collimating element and the second collimating element are collimating mirrors; or, the first collimating element and the second collimating element are collimating films.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first deflecting element and the second deflecting element are diffractive elements; or, the first refractive element and the second refractive element are refractive elements.

[0017] In some embodiments, the diffractive element is a grating and the refractive element is a prism.

[0018] In some embodiments, the grating is a transmission grating. The present application can improve the light extraction efficiency of the display screen.

[0019] In some embodiments, the display panel is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a housing and a display screen provided by any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, wherein the display screen is disposed on the housing. The technical effects of the second aspect of the present application can refer to the technical effects of any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, and will not be elaborated on. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 An exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2A An exemplary structural diagram of a display screen provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2B An exemplary structural diagram of a display layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a pixel array of a display screen provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 A second schematic diagram of a pixel array of a display screen provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the naked-eye 3D display principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 6A Schematic diagram of the structure of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 (3D mode);

[0028] Figure 6B Structural schematic diagram 2 of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application (2D mode);

[0029] Fig. 7A Schematic diagram of the display scheme of the display screen provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7B Schematic diagram 2 of a display scheme of a display screen provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 8A Schematic diagram of the structure of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 (3D mode);

[0032] Figure 8B Schematic diagram of the structure of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 (2D mode);

[0033] Fig.9A Schematic diagram of the structure of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 (3D mode);

[0034] Fig. 9B Structural schematic diagram 6 of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application (2D mode);

[0035] Fig. 10A Structural schematic diagram 7 of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application (3D mode);

[0036] Fig. 10B Structural schematic diagram 8 of the display layer provided in the embodiment of the present application (2D mode);

[0037] Fig. 10C Structural schematic diagram 9 of the display layer provided in an embodiment of the present application (3D mode);

[0038] Fig. 10D Structural schematic diagram 10 of the display layer provided in an embodiment of the present application (2D mode);

[0039] Fig.11A A structural diagram of a display screen provided for an embodiment;

[0040] Fig. 11B A structural diagram of a display screen provided for another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific implementation of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application are used to provide a display screen and an electronic device including the display screen. The display screen can have a relatively small thickness while achieving a naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0043] In the present application, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet, a large-screen device, a wearable device (e.g., a watch, smart glasses, a helmet), an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or other devices with a display function, which are not limited in the present application. A tablet is used as an example of the electronic device 100 below.

[0044] Figure 1An exemplary structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. In each illustration herein, the X-axis direction is the length direction of the electronic device 100 (the direction from the left side of the electronic device 100 to the right side is positive, as an example of the second direction), the Y-axis direction is the width direction of the electronic device 100 (the direction from the bottom to the top of the electronic device 100 is positive), and the Z-axis direction is the thickness direction of the electronic device 100 (the direction from the back of the electronic device 100 to the front is positive, as an example of the first direction). The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction can be perpendicular to each other in pairs. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction all refer to their respective positive directions.

[0045] In addition, it is understandable that Figure 1 In the present embodiment, the electronic device 100 is in a horizontal screen state. In actual use, the electronic device 100 can also be in a vertical screen state, that is, the electronic device 100 is turned from Figure 1 The state shown is rotated 90° clockwise.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 The electronic device 100 includes a display screen 101 and a housing 102, and the display screen 101 is disposed on the housing 102. The electronic device 100 can realize its display function through the display screen 101, for example, displaying an application interface, a boot screen, an unlocking interface, etc. In some embodiments, the display screen 101 of the electronic device 100 also has a touch function, that is, the user can input data, instructions, etc. by touching the display screen 101.

[0047] Figure 2A 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the display screen 101 (XZ plane cross-sectional view). Figure 2A The display screen 101 may be a multi-layer structure, which includes a display layer 10, a touch layer 20 and a glass cover plate 30 stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The display layer 10 is used to display images (e.g., 2D images, 3D images, etc.), the touch layer 20 is used to provide the touch function of the display screen 101, and the glass cover plate 30 is used to provide protection for the lower structure of the display screen 101, such as moisture-proof, dust-proof and mechanical protection. It should be noted that Figure 2A This is merely an exemplary description of the display screen 101. In other embodiments, the display screen 101 may include more or fewer layers. For example, the display screen 101 may not include the touch layer 20.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figure 2B The display layer 10 includes a display panel 11 , and the display layer 10 realizes its image display function based on the display panel 11 . Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two exemplary structures of the display panel 11 are shown (front views). Figure 3 and Figure 4The display panel 11 includes a plurality of display pixels (referred to as "pixels"), each of which includes a plurality of sub-pixels. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the figure, the sub-pixels in the same virtual frame belong to the same pixel. Different sub-pixels of the same pixel can display three different colors: red (Red, R), green (Green, G), and blue (Blue, B). By controlling the display parameters of each pixel (for example, the display brightness of each sub-pixel), the display screen 101 can be controlled to display a specific image. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the display pixels can also be set in other ways, for example, the sub-pixels in the display pixels can display other colors.

[0049] The plurality of display pixels of the display panel 11 may be arranged in an array. Figure 3 In the embodiment, a plurality of display pixels are arranged in a rectangular array, that is, the row direction of the pixels is parallel to the X-axis direction, and the column direction is parallel to the Y-axis direction. Figure 3 The pixel array shown can be called a strip array. Figure 4 In the embodiment, a plurality of display pixels are arranged in a diamond array, that is, the row direction of the pixel arrangement forms an angle of 45° with the X-axis direction. Figure 4 The pixel array shown may be referred to as a Delta array. In other embodiments, pixels may also be arranged in other ways, such as a Pentile arrangement, etc., which will not be described in detail.

[0050] The following introduces the principle of naked-eye 3D display technology. Since the left eye and right eye of a person have a certain distance between their eyes, the images observed by the left eye and the right eye are different. When the images observed by the left eye and the right eye are fused in the brain, a person can produce a three-dimensional visual effect. According to this principle, two cameras at different positions are used for shooting, one at the position of the left eye of the person (the image captured is called the "left eye image"), and the other at the position of the right eye of the person (the image captured is called the "right eye image"). Subsequently, the left eye image is projected into the user's left eye, and the right eye image is projected into the user's right eye, and the user can observe a three-dimensional visual effect.

[0051] Figure 5 An exemplary schematic diagram of naked-eye 3D display using display screen 101 is shown. Figure 5 The display panel 11 includes pixels 112 (or "left eye pixels") for displaying left eye images and pixels 111 (or "right eye pixels") for displaying right eye images. By controlling the directions of the emitted light of the pixels 112 and the pixels 111, that is, controlling the emitted light of the pixels 112 to enter the left eye of the user, and controlling the emitted light of the pixels 111 to enter the right eye of the user, the user can experience a three-dimensional visual effect.

[0052] Exemplarily, the direction of light can be controlled by optical elements such as nano-diffraction gratings, TN liquid crystal gratings, and liquid crystal lenses to achieve a 3D display effect on the display screen 101 .

[0053] For example, in some embodiments, the display panel of the display screen is a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel that does not have a self-luminous function, and the display screen is provided with a nano-diffraction grating (hereinafter referred to as "grating") between its LCD panel and the backlight module. When the display screen performs 3D display, the collimated backlight is coupled into the grating from the side of the grating. At the position corresponding to the 3D pixel of the LCD panel, the backlight coupled into the grating emits the grating through transmission diffraction. At the remaining positions, the backlight coupled into the grating continues to propagate forward in the grating through reflection diffraction. In this embodiment, by controlling the light emitting position and light emitting angle of the grating, the light of the left eye pixel of the display panel can be emitted into the user's left eye, and the light of the right eye pixel of the display panel can be emitted into the user's right eye, thereby realizing the naked eye 3D display effect of the display screen. However, in this embodiment, since a nano-diffraction grating is added between the backlight module and the LCD panel, the overall thickness of the display screen is relatively thick (for example, the thickness is above 1 mm). In addition, at positions that do not correspond to the 3D pixels of the LCD panel, the light will not be transmitted through the grating, and the light extraction efficiency of the display screen 101 is low (for example, the light extraction efficiency is below 50%).

[0054] For example, in some other embodiments, the display panel of the display screen is still an LCD panel, and the display screen is provided with a TN liquid crystal grating between its LCD panel and the backlight module. By controlling the light emitting position of the TN liquid crystal grating and the refraction angle of the TN liquid crystal grating to the outgoing light of the backlight module, the naked eye 3D display effect of the display screen can be achieved. In this embodiment, since a liquid crystal grating is added between the backlight module and the LCD panel, the overall thickness of the display screen is also thicker (for example, the thickness is more than 1 mm). In addition, at the position that does not correspond to the 3D pixel of the LCD panel, the TN liquid crystal grating will not emit light, so the light emission efficiency of the display screen is also low (for example, the light emission efficiency is less than 50%).

[0055] For example, in some other embodiments, the display panel of the display screen is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel with a self-luminous function, and the display screen is provided with a liquid crystal lens on its OLED panel. By controlling the refraction angle of the liquid crystal lens to the outgoing light of the OLED panel, the 3D display effect of the display screen can be achieved. However, since the liquid crystal lens has a relatively thick thickness, the overall thickness of the display screen is also relatively thick (for example, the thickness is more than 1 mm).

[0056] To this end, the embodiment of the present application provides a display screen that can reduce the overall thickness of the display screen. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a collimation layer and a deflection element layer are stacked on the 3D display pixels (including left eye pixels and right eye pixels) of the display panel. The collimation layer is used to collimate the outgoing light of the 3D display pixels of the display panel to collimate the outgoing light of the 3D display pixels from scattered light to parallel light. The deflection element layer is used to deflect the collimated light so that the light corresponding to the left eye pixel can be projected into the user's left eye, and the light corresponding to the right eye pixel can be projected into the user's right eye, thereby achieving a 3D display effect of the display screen. Among them, the material of the deflection element is a material that can be formed by a graphical process (also referred to as a "MASK process"), that is, the deflection element can be formed by a graphical process. Among them, the graphical process is a process of removing a specific part of a thin film deposited on the surface of a substrate through a series of steps (for example, coating a photoresist, exposing, developing, etching, etc.), and after the graphical process, a specific pattern can be formed on the film, for example, stripes of a specific width, a curved surface of a specific shape, etc.

[0057] Since the patterning process can be formed on a very thin film, when the deflection element is formed by the patterning process, the thickness of the deflection element can be significantly reduced, for example, the thickness of the deflection element can be reduced to the micron level, thereby significantly reducing the thickness of the entire display layer, for example, reducing the thickness of the display layer to about 0.1μm to 10μm. Since the overall thickness of the display layer is relatively thin, when the display screen is assembled on an electronic device, the overall thickness of the electronic device will hardly increase. This has particularly important application value for electronic devices (such as mobile phones) that have high requirements for lightness and thinness.

[0058] In addition, the patterning process has a high manufacturing accuracy. When the deflection element is formed by the patterning process, the alignment accuracy between the deflection element and the 3D display pixel can be high. For example, the alignment deviation between the deflection element and the 3D display pixel can be controlled within 1μm, which is much higher than the alignment deviation of about 10μm in other processes. This can reduce the crosstalk between pixels and optimize the display effect of the display.

[0059] In some embodiments, the deflection element may be a diffraction element, such as a grating. In this embodiment, the deflection element deflects the incident light in the form of diffraction. The light deflected by the deflection element may be referred to as "deflected light" or "diffracted light". The plane where the incident light and the diffracted light are located is referred to as the "deflection plane" of the deflection.

[0060] In other embodiments, the deflection element may be a refractive element, such as a prism. In this embodiment, the deflection element deflects the incident light by refraction. The light deflected by the deflection element may be referred to as "deflected light" or "refracted light". The plane where the incident light and the refracted light are located is referred to as the "deflection surface" or "refractive surface" of the deflection.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this article, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0062] The following describes a specific embodiment of the display screen 101 provided by the present application. As described above, in the embodiment of the present application, the display screen 101 may include a display layer 10, a touch layer 20, and a glass cover plate 30 stacked from bottom to top along the thickness direction. The functions of the touch layer 20 and the glass cover plate 30 refer to the above description and are not repeated here. The following focuses on the structure of the display layer 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Fig. 6A and Figure 6B FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a display layer 10A provided by an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6A In the display screen 101, the display screen 101 is in the 3D display mode. Figure 6B In the embodiment, the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode.

[0064] refer to Fig. 6A and Figure 6B , the display layer 10A includes a display panel 11, a collimating layer 12 and a deflection element layer 13 stacked in sequence from bottom to top along the thickness direction. The display panel 11 may be parallel to the XY plane, and may include a TFT substrate layer 111, a pixel layer 112, and an encapsulation layer 113 stacked in sequence. Among them, the TFT substrate layer 111 is used to control the pixel layer 112, for example, to control the opening and closing (i.e., emitting light or not) of each pixel in the pixel layer 112, and to control the luminous color and luminous brightness of each pixel. The pixel layer 112 is used to emit corresponding light under the control of the TFT substrate layer 111. The encapsulation layer 113 is used to encapsulate the display panel 11, and may provide insulation between the display panel 11 and other layers.

[0065] The display panel 11 includes 3D display pixels (referred to as "3D pixels") and 2D display pixels (referred to as "2D pixels"). The 3D pixels include pixels 11a (as the first display pixel) and pixel 11b (as the second display pixel), and the 2D pixels include pixels 11c (as the third display pixel) and pixel 11d (as the fourth display pixel). Among them, the 2D display pixels are used to display 2D images, and the 3D pixel display pixels are used to display 3D images. In the following, the example in which the pixel 11a and the pixel 11b display the left eye image and the right eye image respectively is used for explanation. However, it can be understood that in other embodiments, the pixel 11a can be used to display the right eye image, and the pixel 11b can be used to display the left eye image.

[0066] The display panel 11 may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel. In other embodiments, the display panel 11 may also be an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) panel, a liquid crystal display panel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0067] The collimating layer 12 is used to collimate the outgoing light of the pixel 11a and the pixel 11b. Considering that the light L10 emitted by the pixel 11a and the light L20 emitted by the pixel 11b may both be scattered light, the scattered light L10 and L20 can be converted into parallel light L11 and L21 respectively after being collimated by the collimating layer 12. Referring to Figure 6, the collimating layer 12 may include a collimator 12a (as an example of a first collimating element) and a collimator 12b (as an example of a second collimating element). The collimator 12a covers the pixel 11a and is used to collimate the light L10 into parallel light L11 (or "collimated light L11"). The collimator 12b covers the pixel 11b and is used to collimate the light L20 into parallel light L21 (or "collimated light L21"). In other embodiments, the collimating element can also be implemented as a collimator (or "microlens"), other elements, such as a collimating film.

[0068] refer to Fig. 6A and Figure 6B In some embodiments, the collimating layer 12 is used to collimate the outgoing light of the pixel 11a and the pixel 11b along the normal direction (i.e., the Z-axis direction) of the display panel 11. In other words, the directions of the parallel light L11 and L21 are parallel to the Z-axis direction, thereby simplifying the optical path and facilitating the subsequent arrangement of the deflection element layer 13.

[0069] Afterwards, the deflection element layer 13 can refract the collimated light L11 and L12. Specifically, the deflection element layer 13 includes a grating 13a (as a first deflection element) and a grating 13b (as a second deflection element). Both the grating 13a and the grating 13b can be nano-diffraction gratings. The grating 13a is used to perform a first diffraction on the collimated light L11 (as an example of a first deflection) to diffract the collimated light L11 into a light ray L12 (or "diffracted light L12"). The grating 13b is used to perform a second diffraction on the collimated light L21 (as an example of a second deflection) to diffract the collimated light L21 into a light ray L22 (or "diffracted light L22").

[0070] The direction of the diffracted light L12 of the first diffraction is different from the direction of the diffracted light L22 of the second diffraction. For example, when a user is watching an electronic device, the first diffraction causes the diffracted light L12 to enter the user's left eye, and the second diffraction causes the diffracted light L22 to enter the user's right eye, so that the display screen 101 presents a naked-eye 3D picture. On this basis, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the directions of the diffracted lights L12 and L22, which can be determined according to specific usage requirements, for example, according to the angle between the pixel 11a / pixel 11b and the user's left eye / user's right eye when the user uses the electronic device.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first diffraction deflection plane and the second diffraction deflection plane are parallel to or overlap each other. Fig. 6A and Figure 6B , the first diffraction deflection plane (i.e., the plane where the collimated light L11 and the diffracted light L12 are located) and the second diffraction deflection plane (i.e., the plane where the collimated light L21 and the diffracted light L22 are located) can be parallel to the XZ plane, that is, the collimated light L11, L21, and the diffracted light L12, L22 can be parallel to the XZ plane. It can be understood that when the pixel 11a and the pixel 11b are aligned along the X-axis direction, the first diffraction deflection plane and the second diffraction deflection plane overlap each other.

[0072] Further, the first diffraction causes the collimated light L11 to be deflected from the Z-axis direction to the X-axis direction. That is to say, the diffracted light L12 of the first diffraction is located between the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. For example, the diffracted light L12 and the Z-axis direction have an angle α1 that is biased toward the X-axis direction. The second diffraction causes the collimated light L21 to be deflected from the Z-axis direction to the negative direction of the X-axis. That is to say, the diffracted light L22 of the second diffraction is located between the Z-axis direction and the negative direction of the X-axis. For example, the diffracted light L22 and the Z-axis direction have an angle α2 that is biased toward the negative direction of the X-axis. It can be understood that α1 and α2 are both acute angles, and α1 and α2 may be equal or unequal.

[0073] In other embodiments, the first diffraction deflection plane and the second diffraction deflection plane may also be other planes, which is not limited in the present application.

[0074] It can be understood that the specific direction of the diffracted light L12, L22 can be determined by the diffraction characteristics of the grating. The diffraction characteristics of the grating are related to the grating period, the grating stripe direction and the grating material. Therefore, by adjusting the period, stripe direction and / or material of the grating 13a and grating 13b, the grating 13a and grating 13b can have specific diffraction characteristics, so that the diffracted light L12, L22 has a set direction, so as to achieve the naked eye 3D display effect of the display screen 101.

[0075] In some embodiments, the grating 13a and the grating 13b are transmissive gratings. Setting the grating 13a and the grating 13b as transmissive gratings can reduce light loss and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display screen 101. For example, by setting the grating 13a and the grating 13b as transmissive gratings, the light extraction efficiency of the display screen 101 can reach more than 90%.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the grating 13a and the grating 13b is a material that can be formed by a patterning process. As described above, the patterning process can be formed on a very thin film, so the grating 13a and the grating 13b can be very thin, thereby reducing the thickness of the display layer 10A and the entire electronic device. For example, the thickness of the display layer 10A is reduced to about 0.1μm to 10μm.

[0077] In addition, the patterning process has a higher manufacturing accuracy. When the deflection element is formed through the patterning process, a higher alignment accuracy can be achieved between the grating 13a and the pixel 11a, and between the grating 13b and the pixel 11b. For example, the alignment deviation can be controlled within 1μm, thereby reducing crosstalk between pixels and improving the display effect of the display screen 101.

[0078] The following introduces an exemplary manufacturing process of the display screen 101 provided in this embodiment.

[0079] Exemplarily, the manufacturing process of the display screen 101 may be that after obtaining the OLED display panel 11, the collimating layer 12 is formed on the OLED panel 11. In some embodiments, the material of the collimating layer 12 is also a material that can be formed by a graphic process. For example, the collimating layer 12 includes a light-transmitting film 121 and a light-transmitting film 122 covering the light-transmitting film 121. The materials of the light-transmitting film 121 and the light-transmitting film 122 are both materials that can be formed by a graphic process. For example, the material of the light-transmitting film 121 may be silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and the material of the light-transmitting film 122 may be epoxy resin, acrylic resin, etc. The light-transmitting film 121 and the light-transmitting film 122 have different refractive indices. For example, the refractive index of the light-transmitting film 121 is lower than the refractive index of the light-transmitting film 122. By adjusting the refractive index and shape of the light-transmitting film 121 and the light-transmitting film 122, the collimating effect of the collimating layer 12 can be achieved.

[0080] Afterwards, the deflection element layer 13 may be formed on the alignment layer 12 by a patterning process. Specifically, a transparent film 131 (e.g., silicon nitride, silicon oxide, epoxy resin, etc.) is covered on the alignment layer 12, and set grating stripes are etched on the transparent film 131 by a patterning process, so that the gratings 13a and 13b may be formed.

[0081] In some embodiments, the OLED display panel 11 and the collimating layer 12 can also be obtained as a unified material, that is, the OLED display panel 11 and the collimating layer 12 can be purchased as a whole component. After that, after the grating 13a and the grating 13b are formed on the collimating layer 12 by a patterning process, the display layer 10A can be formed. This embodiment can further simplify the manufacturing process of the display screen 101.

[0082] Continue to refer Fig. 6A and Figure 6B The display screen 101 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes both 2D pixels and 3D pixels to realize the 2D / 3D switching function of the display screen 101.

[0083] For example, refer to Fig. 6A , control pixel 11a and pixel 11b (i.e., 3D pixel) to display, and control pixel 11c and pixel 11d (i.e., 2D pixel) to turn off. At this time, display screen 101 is in 3D display mode, the image light of pixel 11a can be projected into the user's left eye, and the image picture of pixel 11b can be projected into the user's right eye, so that the user can observe the 3D display effect. Figure 6B , pixel 11a, pixel 11b, pixel 11c and pixel 11d are all controlled to display. At this time, the light L30 emitted from pixel 11c to the outside of the display screen 101 and the light L40 emitted from pixel 11d to the outside of the display screen 101 are both scattered light (i.e., light that diverges in multiple directions), the display screen 101 is in 2D display mode, and the user can observe the 2D display effect.

[0084] In addition, to improve the display effect, 2D display pixels and 3D display pixels can be arranged in sequence. For example, pixel 11c, pixel 11a, pixel 11d and pixel 11b are arranged in sequence along the X-axis direction. However, it can be understood that in some embodiments, the display screen 101 may not include 2D display pixels, but only include 3D display pixels. In this embodiment, the display screen 101 can be used exclusively for 3D display without 2D display.

[0085] It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, Fig. 6A and Figure 6B The display panel 11 may include only some pixels of the display panel 11. The display panel 11 may actually include more pixels. For example, the display panel 11 includes Figure 3 or Figure 4 The pixel array shown.

[0086] The following describes specific display modes of the display screen 101 provided in this embodiment under different pixel array modes.

[0087] (1) The pixel array is a Strip array.

[0088] refer to Fig. 7A In the Strip array, 2D pixels (including pixels 11c and pixels 11d) and 3D pixels (including pixels 11a and pixels 11b) can be alternately arranged along the row direction of the pixel array (the X-axis direction shown in the figure, as the third direction). For example, the pixels in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th columns are 2D pixels, and the pixels in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th columns are 3D pixels. In addition, in the 3D pixels, pixels 11a (i.e., left-eye pixels) and pixels 11b (i.e., right-eye pixels) are alternately arranged along the row direction, for example, the pixels in the 2nd and 6th columns are left-eye pixels 11a, and the pixels in the 4th column are right-eye pixels 11b. As described above, the pixel 11a is covered with a grating 13a to diffract the light emitted by the pixel 11a to the user's left eye. The pixel 11b is covered with a grating 13b to diffract the light emitted by the pixel 11b to the user's right eye.

[0089] When the 2D pixels are turned off and the 3D pixels are turned on, the display screen 101 is in a 3D display mode. At this time, since half of the pixels along the X-axis direction are turned off, the resolution of the display screen 101 along the X-axis direction is lost by half, but the resolution in the Y-axis direction is not lost. At this time, the electronic device is suitable for horizontal screen viewing.

[0090] When the 2D pixels and 3D pixels are turned on at the same time, the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode, and the resolution of the display screen 101 in all directions is not lost. In addition, since the light emitted by the 3D pixels is diffracted by the grating, there will be a certain brightness loss (for example, 10% brightness loss). Therefore, when the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode, the light intensity of the 3D pixels can be increased through an algorithm to compensate for the brightness loss caused by the grating diffraction. Alternatively, when the display screen 101 has an ultra-high resolution or pixel density (Pixels Per Inch, PPI), the 3D pixels can be turned off for 2D display to simplify the algorithm and reduce the power consumption of the display screen 101.

[0091] (2) The pixel array is a Delta array.

[0092] refer to Figure 7BIn the Delta array, the pixel arrangement is similar to that of the Strip array, that is, 2D pixels and 3D pixels can also be arranged alternately along the column direction of the pixels. For example, the pixels in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th columns are 2D pixels, and the pixels in the 2nd, 4th, and 6th columns are 3D pixels, wherein the pixels in the 2nd and 6th columns are left-eye pixels 11a, and the pixels in the 4th column are right-eye pixels 11b. In addition, the pixel 11a is covered with a grating 13a to diffract the light emitted by the pixel 11a to the user's left eye. The pixel 11b is covered with a grating 13b to diffract the light emitted by the pixel 11b to the user's right eye.

[0093] However, in the Delta array, since the row direction of the pixel arrangement (as the third direction) is at an angle of 45° with the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, when the 2D pixels are turned off and the 3D pixels are turned on to put the display screen 101 in the 3D display mode, the resolution of the display screen 101 in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction is lost by half. At this time, the electronic device is suitable for both horizontal and vertical viewing.

[0094] In addition, similar to the Strip array, when the 2D pixels and 3D pixels are turned on at the same time, the display screen 101 is in 2D display mode. At this time, the resolution of the display screen 101 in all directions is not lost, but the light emitted by the 3D pixels will have a certain brightness loss. At this time, the light output intensity of the 3D pixels can be increased through an algorithm to compensate for the brightness loss caused by grating diffraction. Alternatively, when the display screen 101 has an ultra-high resolution or PPI, the 3D pixels can be turned off for 2D display to simplify the algorithm and reduce the power consumption of the display screen 101.

[0095] Fig. 8A and Figure 8B FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a display layer 10B provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig. 8A In the display screen 101, the display screen 101 is in the 3D display mode. Figure 8B In the embodiment, the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode. Fig. 6A and Figure 6B The difference from the display layer 10A shown is that in the display layer 10B, the collimating layer 12 can not only collimate the 3D pixels, but also collimate the 2D pixels.

[0096] refer to Fig. 8A and Figure 8BIn the display layer 10B, the collimating layer 12 includes, in addition to the collimating mirrors 12a and 12b, a collimating mirror 12c and a collimating mirror 12d. The collimating mirror 12c covers the pixel 11c, and is used to collimate the outgoing light L30 of the pixel 11c into parallel light L31 (or "collimated light L31"). The collimating mirror 12d covers the pixel 11d, and is used to collimate the outgoing light L40 of the pixel 11d into parallel light L41 (or "collimated light L41"). Thus, the light emitted by the pixel 11c to the outside of the display screen 101 (i.e., the collimated light L41) and the light emitted by the pixel 11d to the outside of the display screen 101 (i.e., the collimated light L41) are parallel to each other. Exemplarily, the directions of the collimated lights L31 and L41 are both parallel to the normal direction of the display panel 11, i.e., the Z-axis direction. In other embodiments, the collimating element may also be realized as a collimating film.

[0097] In this embodiment, by covering the collimating element above the 2D pixel, the light emitted by the 2D pixel to the outside of the display screen 101 is collimated into parallel light, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect for the display screen 101. For example, the user can clearly see the content of the display screen 101 only when facing the display screen 101, and it is difficult for the user to clearly see the content of the display screen 101 when the user is at other angles.

[0098] In addition, other structures and deformation modes of the display layer 10B are substantially the same as those of the display layer 10A. For example, the configuration mode of the deflection element layer 13 of the display layer 10B is substantially the same as that of the display layer 10A. Therefore, reference may be made to the above description of the display layer 10A and no further details will be given.

[0099] In addition, it can be understood that, similar to the display layer 10A, the display layer 10B can also perform 2D / 3D switching. Fig. 8A , control pixel 11a and pixel 11b (i.e., 3D pixel) to display, and control pixel 11c and pixel 11d (i.e., 2D pixel) to turn off. At this time, display screen 101 is in 3D display mode, and the user can observe the 3D display effect. Figure 8B , pixel 11a, pixel 11b, pixel 11c and pixel 11d are all controlled to display, the display screen 101 is in 2D display mode, and the user can observe the 2D display effect.

[0100] Fig.9A and Fig. 9B FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a display layer 10C provided by another embodiment of the present application. Fig.9A In the display screen 101, the display screen 101 is in the 3D display mode. Fig. 9B In the embodiment, the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode. Fig. 6A and Figure 6BThe difference from the display layer 10A shown is that in the display layer 10C, the deflection element layer 13 is not formed directly on the collimating layer 12 , but is bonded to the collimating layer 12 via an adhesive layer 14 .

[0101] refer to Fig.9A and Fig. 9B In addition to the display panel 11, the collimating layer 12 and the deflection element layer 13, the display layer 10 also includes an adhesive layer 14. The adhesive layer 14 is disposed between the deflection element layer 13 and the collimating layer 12, and is used to bond the deflection element layer 13 to the collimating layer 12. The material of the adhesive layer 14 can be optical clear adhesive (OCA).

[0102] In this embodiment, the deflection element layer 13 can be manufactured separately as a component. For example, after the light-transmitting film 131 is manufactured separately, a patterning process is used to etch grating stripes on the light-transmitting film 131 to form gratings 13a and gratings 13b. Thereafter, the deflection element layer 13 is bonded to the alignment layer 12 through the adhesive layer 14, so that the display layer 10C can be formed.

[0103] In this embodiment, the deflection element layer 13 can be manufactured separately, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the deflection element layer 13. However, due to the addition of the adhesive layer, the thickness of the display layer 10C is slightly increased. At the same time, when the deflection element layer 13 and the collimation layer 12 are bonded together, the difficulty of aligning the gratings 13a, 13b with the pixels 11a, 11b of the display panel 11 may be slightly higher than that of the solution shown in the display layer 10A.

[0104] In addition, other structures and deformation modes of the display layer 10C are substantially the same as those of the display layer 10A. For example, the setting mode of the deflection element layer 13 of the display layer 10B is substantially the same as that of the display layer 10A. The display layer 10B can also realize 2D / 3D switching, etc. Therefore, you can refer to the above description of the display layer 10A and will not elaborate on it.

[0105] In addition, in some embodiments, the 2D pixels of the display panel 11 of the display layer 10C may also be covered with a collimating element to achieve an anti-peeping effect for the display screen 101. In other embodiments, the 2D pixels of the display panel 11 of the display layer 10C may not be covered with a collimating element to expand the viewing angle of the display screen 101.

[0106] Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B An exemplary structure of a display layer 10D provided in yet another embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig. 10A In the display screen 101, the display screen 101 is in the 3D display mode. Fig. 10B In the embodiment, the display screen 101 is in a 2D display mode. Fig. 6A and Figure 6B The difference from the display layer 10A shown is that in the display layer 10D, the refractive elements in the deflection element layer 13 are replaced by prisms instead of gratings.

[0107] refer to Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B , the deflection element layer 13 of the display layer 10D includes a prism 13c and a prism 13d, wherein the prism 13c is used to replace the grating 13a in the display layer 10A, that is, the prism 13c is used to perform a first refraction (as an example of the first deflection) on the collimated light L11 to refract the collimated light L11 into a light L12. The prism 13d is used to replace the grating 13b in the display layer 10A, that is, the prism 13d is used to perform a second refraction (as an example of the second deflection) on the collimated light L21 to refract the collimated light L21 into a light L22. Through the refraction of the prism 13c and the prism 13d, the display screen 101 can achieve a naked eye 3D display effect. Among them, the direction of the refracted light of the first refraction (that is, the light L12) and the direction of the refracted light of the second refraction (that is, the light L22) can refer to the directions of the diffracted light L12 and the diffracted light L22 in the above description of the display layer 10A, respectively, and no further description is given.

[0108] The materials of the prisms 13c and 13d are also materials that can be formed by a patterning process. That is, the prisms 13c and 13d can be formed by a patterning process, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the display layer 10 and the electronic device, and improving the alignment accuracy of the prisms 13c, 13d and the pixels 11a, 11b.

[0109] For example, reference Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B The deflection element layer 13 includes a light-transmitting film 132 and a light-transmitting film 133 covering the light-transmitting film 132. The materials of the light-transmitting film 132 and the light-transmitting film 133 are both materials that can be formed by a patterning process. For example, the material of the light-transmitting film 132 can be epoxy resin or acrylic resin, and the material of the light-transmitting film 133 can be silicon nitride or silicon oxide. The light-transmitting film 132 and the light-transmitting film 133 have different refractive indices. For example, the refractive index of the light-transmitting film 132 is lower than the refractive index of the light-transmitting film 133. By adjusting the refractive index and shape of the light-transmitting film 132 and the light-transmitting film 133, prisms 13c and prisms 13d with set refractive indices can be formed.

[0110] Except for replacing the grating 13a and grating 13b with prism 13c and prism 13d respectively, the other structures of the display layer 10D and its deformation mode are substantially the same as those of the display layer 10A. For example, the setting mode of the deflection element layer 13 of the display layer 10D is substantially the same as that of the display layer 10A. The display layer 10D can also realize 2D / 3D switching, etc. Therefore, you can refer to the above description of the display layer 10A and will not elaborate on it.

[0111] Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B In the illustrated embodiment, the 2D pixels (ie, pixel 11c, pixel 11d) of the display panel 11 of the display layer 10D are not covered with collimating elements to expand the viewing angle of the display screen 101. Fig. 10C and Fig. 10D The 2D pixels of the display panel 11 of the display layer 10D may also be covered with a collimating element. For example, the pixel 11c is covered with a collimating lens 12c, and the pixel 11d is covered with a collimating lens 12d, so as to achieve an anti-peeping effect for the display screen 101.

[0112] The following introduces a comparison between the display screen 101 provided in the embodiment of the present application and the display screens provided in other embodiments.

[0113] For example, Fig.11A FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structural diagram of a display screen 101 ′ in some embodiments. Fig.11A The display panel 11' of the display screen 101' is a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel 11' that does not have a self-luminous function. In order to make the display screen 101' emit light, the display screen 101' also includes a backlight module (not shown) for providing light to the LCD panel 11'. In addition, the display screen 101' also includes a nano-diffraction grating arranged between the backlight module and the LCD panel 11'. The light emitted by the backlight module is first diffracted by the nano-diffraction grating, and then emitted through the liquid crystal display panel 11'. By controlling the diffraction angle of the nano-diffraction grating to the light, the light of the left eye pixel of the display panel 11' can be emitted into the user's left eye, and the light of the right eye pixel of the display panel 11' can be emitted into the user's right eye, thereby achieving the naked-eye 3D display effect of the display screen 101'.

[0114] Compared with the display screen 101 provided in the embodiment of the present application, Fig.11A In the example shown, a nano-diffraction grating needs to be added between the backlight module and the LCD panel 11', which results in a relatively large thickness of the display screen 101'. In addition, the nano-diffraction grating has low 3D light extraction efficiency, resulting in a relatively large loss in resolution of the display screen 101'.

[0115] Another example: Fig. 11B 2 shows an exemplary structural diagram of a display screen 101 "in some other embodiments. Fig. 11BThe display screen 101" includes an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel 11" and a liquid crystal lens 13". The light emitted by the "OLED panel" is refracted by the "liquid crystal lens" and then enters the human eye. By controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal lens 13", the light from the left eye pixel of the display panel 11" can be emitted into the user's left eye, and the light from the right eye pixel of the display panel 11" can be emitted into the user's right eye, thereby achieving a naked eye 3D display effect.

[0116] Compared with the display screen 101 provided in the embodiment of the present application, Fig. 11B In the example shown, due to the presence of the liquid crystal lens 13", the overall thickness of the display screen 101" is too thick. In addition, when the display screen 101" is in 3D display, the brightness of the display screen 101" is nearly half lost. Moreover, when the pixel array mode of the display panel 11" is a Strip array (such as Figure 3 ), affecting the 2D display effect of the display screen 101".

[0117] In the above description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can identify A or B; “and / or” in this article is merely a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, B alone, and A and B at the same time.

Claims

1. A display screen, characterized in that: include: A display panel, the display panel comprising at least a first display pixel and a second display pixel; a collimating layer, the collimating layer being stacked on the display panel along a first direction, and being used for collimating the outgoing light of the first display pixel into a first collimated light, and collimating the outgoing light of the second display pixel into a second collimated light; a first deflection element and a second deflection element, wherein the first deflection element is stacked on the collimating layer along the first direction and is used to perform a first deflection on the first collimated light; and the second deflection element is stacked on the collimating layer along the first direction and is used to perform a second deflection on the second collimated light, wherein a deflection direction of the first deflection is different from a deflection direction of the second deflection; Wherein, the materials of the first deflection element and the second deflection element are materials that can be formed by a patterning process.

2. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimating layer is used to collimate the outgoing light of the first display pixel and the second display pixel along the first direction.

3. The display screen according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first deflection deflection surface and the second deflection deflection surface overlap with each other or are parallel to each other.

4. The display screen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first deflection causes the first collimated light to deviate from the first direction to a second direction, and the second deflection causes the second collimated light to deviate from the first direction to a direction opposite to the second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to a deflection plane of the first deflection.

5. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display panel further includes a third display pixel and a fourth display pixel, wherein the first display pixel, the second display pixel, the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel are aligned along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Wherein, the light emitted by the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel to outside the display screen is scattered light; or, The collimating layer is further used to collimate the emitted light of the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel, so that the light emitted by the third display pixel and the fourth display pixel outside the display screen are parallel lights parallel to each other.

6. The display screen according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first display pixel, the third display pixel, the second display pixel and the fourth display pixel are arranged in sequence along the third direction.

7. The display screen according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deflection surface of the first deflection and the deflection surface of the second deflection overlap with each other or are parallel to each other; Furthermore, the third direction is parallel to the deflection surface of the first deflection, or the third direction forms an angle of 45° with the deflection surface of the first deflection.

8. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the alignment layer is a material that can be formed by a patterning process.

9. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimating layer includes a first collimating element and a second collimating element. The collimating layer collimates the outgoing light of the first display pixel through the first collimating element, and collimates the outgoing light of the first display pixel through the second collimating element.

10. The display screen according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first collimating element and the second collimating element are collimating lenses; or the first collimating element and the second collimating element are collimating films.

11. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first deflection element and the second deflection element are diffraction elements; or, the first deflection element and the second deflection element are refraction elements.

12. The display screen according to claim 11, characterized in that: The diffraction element is a grating, and the refraction element is a prism.

13. The display screen according to claim 12, characterized in that: The grating is a transmission grating.

14. The display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display panel is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and the display screen according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the display screen is arranged on the housing.

Images