Preparation method of single-layer dielectric lens and single-layer dielectric lens
Through simulation tests, a single-layer dielectric lens is prepared to replace Longbo lenses, which solves the problems of high production cost and complex process of Longbo lenses, and achieves a dielectric lens with close performance and lower cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411806911.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
AI Technical Summary
The production cost of Longbo lenses is high and the process is complex, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production.
The target dielectric constant and dielectric layer radius were determined through simulation tests, and a single-layer dielectric lens with the target dielectric constant and dielectric layer radius was used instead of the Longber lens, simplifying the structure and reducing manufacturing costs.
The performance similar to that of Longbo lenses is achieved, while reducing the dependence of material selection and manufacturing cost, and improving manufacturing flexibility and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119885564A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of lens technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens and a single-layer dielectric lens. Background Art
[0002] The Luneburg lens is a sphere with a dielectric constant that changes gradually from the inside to the outside, and has a radial distribution characteristic of dielectric constant that does not exist in nature. In order to simulate this kind of continuously gradient dielectric constant material, an onion-shaped layered concentric discrete spherical shell structure is usually used.
[0003] In the related art, the structure of the Luneburg lens includes an inner core, a conductive layer and a foaming material layer. By controlling the thickness of the foaming material layer, spherical dielectric materials of different sizes can be produced. This method involves mold making, multiple processes and complex process control, and is difficult to produce. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens and a single-layer dielectric lens.
[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens is provided, the method comprising:
[0006] Obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant;
[0007] Performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets preset conditions as the target dielectric layer radius;
[0008] Based on the target dielectric layer radius, producing a spherical single-layer dielectric layer having the target dielectric layer radius using a dielectric material having the target dielectric constant;
[0009] According to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer, a spherical single-layer dielectric lens is obtained.
[0010] Optionally, the step of determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets a preset condition as a target dielectric layer radius includes:
[0011] The dielectric layer radius corresponding to when the gain of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens to the target antenna reaches a preset gain is determined as the target dielectric layer radius;
[0012] The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises:
[0013] The spherical single-layer dielectric layer is determined as a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0014] Optionally, the simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the spherical single-layer dielectric lens meets a preset condition is determined as the target dielectric layer radius, including:
[0015] A simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii and different reflection layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens at the preset working frequency reaches the preset cross-sectional area is determined as the target dielectric layer radius; wherein the reflection layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is the sum of the dielectric layer radius and the preset constant;
[0016] After determining the radius of the target dielectric layer, the method further includes:
[0017] Performing simulation tests on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens having the target dielectric constant, the target dielectric layer radius, and different reflection layer radii, and determining the reflection layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset operating frequency is the largest as the target reflection layer radius;
[0018] Based on the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle, a reflective layer having the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle is produced by using a preset metal material;
[0019] The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises:
[0020] The spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer are assembled to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0021] Optionally, the simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the spherical single-layer dielectric lens meets a preset condition is determined as the target dielectric layer radius, including:
[0022] A simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii and different reflective layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius and the reflective layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset operating frequency is the largest are determined as the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius;
[0023] The method further comprises:
[0024] Based on the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle, a reflective layer having the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle is produced by using a preset metal material;
[0025] The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises:
[0026] The spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer are assembled to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0027] Optionally, the preset operating frequency is 8 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 26.46 cm.
[0028] Optionally, the preset operating frequency is 77 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 10.584 cm.
[0029] Optionally, the radius of the target reflection layer is 12.184 mm, and the preset central angle is 120°.
[0030] Optionally, the target antenna includes: a Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna, and the distance between the Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna and the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is 30.46 cm.
[0031] Optionally, the mechanical strength of the dielectric material having the target dielectric constant is greater than a preset strength, and the stability satisfies a preset stability condition.
[0032] According to a second aspect of the present application, a single-layer dielectric lens is provided. The single-layer dielectric lens is prepared based on the method described in the first aspect.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages:
[0034] Through simulation tests, the target dielectric constant and target dielectric layer radius corresponding to the single-layer dielectric lens that meets the preset conditions are selected. By using a single-layer dielectric lens with the target dielectric constant and target dielectric layer radius instead of a Luneburg lens, performance similar to that of a Luneburg lens can be achieved. Therefore, the problems of high manufacturing cost and complex process of the Luneburg lens can be solved. Specifically, compared with the traditional Luneburg lens, the single-layer dielectric lens only includes one dielectric layer, and the structure is simpler, making the design and manufacturing process more direct and efficient. Luneburg lenses usually require the dielectric constant of the material to be between 1 and 2. Single-layer dielectric lenses have lower requirements for the dielectric constant of the material, which not only increases the range of material selection, but also reduces dependence on specific materials, thereby reducing costs and improving manufacturing flexibility. The manufacture of single-layer dielectric lenses can adopt more traditional and lower-cost processes, such as injection molding or compression molding, making large-scale production possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0037] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application;
[0038] Figure 2 Another flow chart of the method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application;
[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna and a single-layer dielectric lens without a reflective layer in an embodiment of the present application;
[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram comparing the effects of a single-layer dielectric lens without a reflective layer and a Luneburg lens on antenna gain in an embodiment of the present application;
[0041] Figure 5 Another flow chart of the method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 6 Another flow chart of the method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application;
[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a single-layer dielectric lens including a reflective layer in an embodiment of the present application;
[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram comparing the radar reflection cross-sectional areas corresponding to the single-layer dielectric lens including a reflective layer and the Luneburg lens in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0046] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0047] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application, which may include the following steps:
[0048] Step S102, obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant.
[0049] Through simulation software, dielectric materials with different dielectric constants are simulated and tested to determine the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at a preset working frequency. The determined dielectric constant is the target dielectric constant. When preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in the future, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be selected.
[0050] Step S104 , performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii having a target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets a preset condition as the target dielectric layer radius.
[0051] After determining the target dielectric constant, assuming that the dielectric constant of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is the target dielectric constant, different dielectric layer radii are set to determine the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets the preset conditions, that is, the target dielectric layer radius. When preparing the single-layer dielectric lens in the future, it can be prepared based on the target dielectric layer radius. The design requirements of the single-layer dielectric lens are different, and the corresponding preset conditions will also be different. For details, please refer to the description in the following embodiment.
[0052] Step S106 , based on the target dielectric layer radius, using a dielectric material with a target dielectric constant, a spherical single dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius is produced.
[0053] After the target dielectric constant and the target dielectric layer radius are determined, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius as the radius. A more traditional and lower-cost process can be used, such as injection molding or compression molding to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer, or 3D printing technology can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer. Optionally, the mechanical strength of the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant is greater than a preset strength, and the stability meets a preset stability condition, that is, the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can have sufficient mechanical strength and stability.
[0054] Step S108, obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer.
[0055] Based on different design requirements, a reflective layer can be added to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens. The spherical single-layer dielectric layer can also be directly used as a spherical single-layer dielectric lens, that is, the lens can be composed of a dielectric layer.
[0056] The preparation method of the single-layer dielectric lens of the embodiment of the present application, through simulation test, selects the target dielectric constant and target dielectric layer radius corresponding to the single-layer dielectric lens when it meets the preset conditions. By using a single-layer dielectric lens with the target dielectric constant and target dielectric layer radius instead of a Luneburg lens, a performance similar to that of a Luneburg lens can be achieved, and therefore, the problems of high manufacturing cost and complex process of the Luneburg lens can be solved. Specifically, compared with the traditional Luneburg lens, the single-layer dielectric lens only includes one dielectric layer, and the structure is simpler, making the design and manufacturing process more direct and efficient. The Luneburg lens usually requires the dielectric constant of the material to be between 1 and 2, and the single-layer dielectric lens has a lower requirement for the dielectric constant of the material, which not only increases the range of material selection, but also reduces the dependence on specific materials, thereby reducing costs and improving manufacturing flexibility. The manufacture of the single-layer dielectric lens can adopt more traditional and lower-cost processes, such as injection molding or compression molding, making large-scale production possible.
[0057] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is another flow chart of a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application. The single-layer dielectric lens only includes a dielectric layer and does not include a reflective layer. Only one dielectric material is used to replace the multi-layer structure of a traditional Luneburg lens. The preparation method may include the following steps:
[0058] Step S202, obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant.
[0059] Through simulation software, dielectric materials with different dielectric constants are simulated and tested to determine the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at a preset working frequency. The determined dielectric constant is the target dielectric constant. When preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in the future, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be selected.
[0060] Step S204, performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii having a target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to when the gain of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens to the target antenna reaches a preset gain as the target dielectric layer radius.
[0061] The design requirement of the single-layer dielectric lens is to improve the gain of the antenna. Therefore, the single-layer dielectric lens only contains one dielectric layer and does not contain a reflective layer. A simulation test is performed by changing the dielectric layer radius of a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with a target dielectric constant to determine the dielectric layer radius when the gain of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens to the target antenna reaches a preset gain, that is, the target dielectric layer radius. Optionally, the preset operating frequency is 8 GHz, that is, the center frequency of the target antenna is 8 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 26.46 cm. The target antenna may include: a Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna, and the distance between the Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna and the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is 30.46 cm.
[0062] Step S206 , based on the target dielectric layer radius, using a dielectric material with a target dielectric constant, a spherical single dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius is produced.
[0063] After the target dielectric constant and the target dielectric layer radius are determined, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius as the radius. A more traditional and lower-cost process can be used, such as injection molding or compression molding to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer, or 3D printing technology can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer. Optionally, the mechanical strength of the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant is greater than a preset strength, and the stability meets a preset stability condition, that is, the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can have sufficient mechanical strength and stability.
[0064] Step S208: determining the spherical single-layer dielectric layer as a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0065] See also Figure 3 , the single-layer dielectric lens only contains a spherical single-layer dielectric layer and does not contain a reflective layer. Figure 4 The following is a comparative diagram of the effects of a single-layer dielectric lens and a Luneburg lens on antenna gain that do not include a reflective layer in the embodiments of the present application. Curve S1 represents the gain of an antenna without a lens installed, curve S2 represents the gain of an antenna after a spherical single-layer dielectric lens is installed, and curve S3 represents the gain of an antenna after a traditional Luneburg lens is installed. It can be seen that the effect of a spherical single-layer dielectric lens on antenna gain improvement is similar to that of a traditional Luneburg lens. Combined with the characteristics of a single-layer dielectric lens such as simple structure, weak dependence on specific materials, and relatively simple manufacturing process, a single-layer dielectric lens can replace a traditional Luneburg lens in some situations.
[0066] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is another flow chart of a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application. The single-layer dielectric lens includes not only a dielectric layer but also a reflective layer. The preparation method may include the following steps:
[0067] Step S502, obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant.
[0068] Through simulation software, dielectric materials with different dielectric constants are simulated and tested to determine the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at a preset working frequency. The determined dielectric constant is the target dielectric constant. When preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in the future, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be selected.
[0069] Step S504, performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii and different reflection layer radii having a target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens at a preset operating frequency reaches a preset cross-sectional area as the target dielectric layer radius.
[0070] The design requirement of a single-layer dielectric lens is to increase the radar reflection cross-sectional area in the high-frequency band. Therefore, the single-layer dielectric lens includes not only a dielectric layer but also a reflection layer. A simulation test is performed by changing the dielectric layer radius of a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with a target dielectric constant to determine the dielectric layer radius when the corresponding radar reflection cross-sectional area reaches the preset cross-sectional area at a preset operating frequency, that is, the target dielectric layer radius. It should be noted that the reflection layer radius of a spherical single-layer dielectric lens is the sum of the dielectric layer radius and a preset constant. That is, while changing the dielectric layer radius, the reflection layer radius will also change. The preset constant is a value determined during the historical simulation optimization process, such as 0.8 mm. Optionally, the preset operating frequency is 77 GHz, that is, the operating frequency of the millimeter wave radar is 77 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 10.584 cm.
[0071] Step S506, performing simulation test on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens having a target dielectric constant, a target dielectric layer radius, and different reflection layer radii, and determining the reflection layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset working frequency is the largest as the target reflection layer radius.
[0072] After determining the target dielectric layer radius, the reflection layer radius of the single-layer dielectric lens can be further changed to perform simulation tests, and the reflection layer radius corresponding to the maximum radar reflection cross-sectional area at the preset operating frequency, that is, the target reflection layer radius, can be determined.
[0073] Step S508 : Based on the target dielectric layer radius, a spherical single dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius is produced by using a dielectric material with a target dielectric constant.
[0074] After the target dielectric constant and the target dielectric layer radius are determined, a dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius as the radius. A more traditional and lower-cost process can be used, such as injection molding or compression molding to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer, or 3D printing technology can be used to prepare a spherical single-layer dielectric layer. Optionally, the mechanical strength of the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant is greater than a preset strength, and the stability meets a preset stability condition, that is, the dielectric material with the target dielectric constant can have sufficient mechanical strength and stability.
[0075] Step S510, based on the target reflection layer radius and the preset center angle, using the preset metal material, a reflection layer having the target reflection layer radius and the preset center angle is produced.
[0076] Similarly, the reflective layer can be prepared by more traditional and lower-cost processes, such as injection molding or compression molding, or by 3D printing technology. Optionally, the radius of the target reflective layer is 12.184 mm, and the preset center angle is 120°.
[0077] Step S512: assemble the spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0078] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is another flow chart of a method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens in an embodiment of the present application. The single-layer dielectric lens includes not only a dielectric layer but also a reflective layer. The preparation method may include the following steps:
[0079] Step S602, obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant.
[0080] Step S604, performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii and different reflective layer radii having a target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius and the reflective layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset operating frequency is the largest as the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius.
[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the dielectric layer radius and the reflective layer radius may also be adjusted simultaneously, and the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius may be determined. Figure 5 Compared with the embodiment that determines the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius step by step, this method can simultaneously determine the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius. This method is relatively simple and direct, but has a large amount of calculation.
[0082] Step S606 , based on the target dielectric layer radius, using a dielectric material with a target dielectric constant, a spherical single dielectric layer with the target dielectric layer radius is produced.
[0083] Step S608 , based on the target reflection layer radius and the preset center angle, using the preset metal material, a reflection layer having the target reflection layer radius and the preset center angle is produced.
[0084] Step S610: assemble the spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
[0085] Figure 6 In the embodiment, step S602, step S606 to step S610 are respectively Figure 5 Step S502, step S506 to step S510 in the embodiment are the same, see Figure 5 The description in the embodiments is sufficient and will not be repeated here.
[0086] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a single-layer dielectric lens including a reflective layer in an embodiment of the present application, including a spherical single-layer dielectric layer and a reflective layer. Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram comparing the radar reflection cross-sectional areas corresponding to the single-layer dielectric lens and the Luneburg lens including a reflection layer in the embodiment of the present application. Curve S1 is the RCS (radar reflection cross-sectional area) image of the single-layer dielectric lens, and curve S2 is the RCS image of the multi-layer Luneburg lens. The size of the multi-layer Luneburg lens is the same as that of the single-layer dielectric lens. It can be seen that the RCS difference between the single-layer dielectric lens and the Luneburg lens of the same size is small. If you want to achieve the same effect as the traditional Luneburg lens, just increase the radius of the dielectric layer of the single-layer dielectric lens. Combined with the characteristics of the single-layer dielectric lens such as simple structure, weak dependence on specific materials, and relatively simple manufacturing process, the single-layer dielectric lens can replace the traditional Luneburg lens in some occasions.
[0087] The present application also provides a single-layer dielectric lens, which is prepared based on the above-mentioned single-layer dielectric lens preparation method. The structure of the single-layer dielectric lens can be found in the description of the single-layer dielectric lens preparation method, which will not be repeated here.
[0088] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
[0089] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a single-layer dielectric lens, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining a preset operating frequency, performing simulation tests on dielectric materials with different dielectric constants, and determining the dielectric constant that achieves the best focusing effect at the preset operating frequency as the target dielectric constant; Performing simulation tests on spherical single-layer dielectric lenses with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets preset conditions as the target dielectric layer radius; Based on the target dielectric layer radius, a spherical single dielectric layer having the target dielectric layer radius is produced by using a dielectric material having the target dielectric constant; According to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer, a spherical single-layer dielectric lens is obtained.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when it meets the preset condition as the target dielectric layer radius includes: The dielectric layer radius corresponding to when the gain of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens to the target antenna reaches a preset gain is determined as the target dielectric layer radius; The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises: The spherical single-layer dielectric layer is determined as a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The simulation test is performed on the spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the spherical single-layer dielectric lens meets the preset conditions is determined as the target dielectric layer radius, including: A simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii and different reflection layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens at the preset working frequency reaches the preset cross-sectional area is determined as the target dielectric layer radius; wherein the reflection layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is the sum of the dielectric layer radius and the preset constant; After determining the radius of the target dielectric layer, the method further includes: Performing simulation tests on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens having the target dielectric constant, the target dielectric layer radius, and different reflection layer radii, and determining the reflection layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset operating frequency is the largest as the target reflection layer radius; Based on the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle, a reflective layer having the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle is produced by using a preset metal material; The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises: The spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer are assembled to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation test is performed on the spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius corresponding to the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the spherical single-layer dielectric lens meets the preset conditions is determined as the target dielectric layer radius, including: A simulation test is performed on a spherical single-layer dielectric lens with different dielectric layer radii and different reflective layer radii having the target dielectric constant, and the dielectric layer radius and the reflective layer radius of the spherical single-layer dielectric lens when the radar reflection cross-sectional area corresponding to the preset operating frequency is the largest are determined as the target dielectric layer radius and the target reflective layer radius; The method further comprises: Based on the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle, a reflective layer having the target reflective layer radius and the preset center angle is produced by using a preset metal material; The method of obtaining a spherical single-layer dielectric lens according to the spherical single-layer dielectric layer comprises: The spherical single-layer dielectric layer and the reflective layer are assembled to obtain a spherical single-layer dielectric lens.
5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset operating frequency is 8 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 26.46 cm.
6. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The preset operating frequency is 77 GHz, the target dielectric constant is 2.2, and the target dielectric layer radius is 10.584 cm.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The radius of the target reflection layer is 12.184 mm, and the preset center angle is 120°.
8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target antenna includes: a Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna, and the distance between the Vivaldi broadband microstrip antenna and the spherical single-layer dielectric lens is 30.46 cm.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical strength of the dielectric material having the target dielectric constant is greater than a preset strength, and the stability satisfies a preset stability condition.
10. A single-layer dielectric lens, characterized in that: include: The single-layer dielectric lens is prepared based on the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.