Railway relay board card reliability evaluation method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a railway relay board card reliability evaluation method and system. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: establishing a vibration excitation spectrum in a trackside application environment; establishing an electronic board finite element model and a relay finite element model; performing vibration simulation on the finite element model of the electronic board card based on the vibration excitation spectrum to obtain a vibration response spectrum of the electronic board card; performing simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board card and the finite element model of the relay to obtain the electromagnetic performance and the mechanical performance of the relay; establishing a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay and contact impedance information of the relay in an actual vibration environment; and substituting the to-be-evaluated vibration amplitude, frequency and time into the relay damage function to obtain a fatigue damage value, and evaluating the reliability of the relay board card based on the fatigue damage value and the relay failure or reliability model. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of relay board simulation, and in particular relates to a railway relay board reliability assessment method and system. Background Art

[0002] In the vibration environment near the rails, due to the fatigue effect and resonance of the vibration of electronic equipment, the electronic equipment may experience the risk of electrical performance degradation, component failure, fatigue damage, or even damage. Therefore, it is necessary to use certain means to make the vibration of the controlled electronic equipment meet the predetermined requirements. As an important part of the drive and acquisition circuit, the relay undertakes the important tasks of control and protection. Therefore, the reliability of the relay in the vibration environment is also closely related to the overall reliability of the electronic board.

[0003] Furthermore, combined with new product application methods and new application scenarios, the environmental requirements for electronic equipment have been greatly increased, and the vibration level and test time of the durability test of related electronic equipment have also increased significantly, and the safety and reliability of electronic equipment are facing great challenges. In this process, if the traditional analysis method of design-test-improvement is used, it is no longer possible to discover product R&D defects as early as possible in the new environment. Therefore, a simple, effective and relatively accurate test simulation method is needed to meet the needs of designers for structural selection, and at the same time provide a scientific basis for the selection and fault diagnosis of relays. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a railway relay board reliability assessment method and system, which is suitable for quickly judging the effectiveness of structural design in engineering and providing a basis for designers to select structures.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a reliability assessment method for a railway relay board, which comprises: establishing an initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum according to first data, and acquiring second data in real time to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish a vibration excitation spectrum in a trackside application environment; establishing an electronic board finite element model and a relay finite element model; performing vibration simulation on the electronic board finite element model based on the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment to obtain a vibration response spectrum of the electronic board; performing simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the relay finite element model to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay; establishing a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay in an actual vibration environment; substituting the vibration amplitude, frequency and time to be assessed into the relay damage function to obtain a fatigue damage value, and assessing the reliability of the relay board based on the fatigue damage value and the relay failure or reliability model.

[0006] Optionally, the first data includes a first vibration duration and a first acceleration measured at the track plate; the second data includes a second vibration duration and a second acceleration speed data collected in real time in the trackside application environment using an acceleration sensor.

[0007] Optionally, establishing the finite element model of the electronic board includes: drawing a solid model or a plane figure of the electronic board by computer-aided design software; and defining first parameter information and / or first structural information of the solid model or the plane figure.

[0008] Optionally, the first parameter information includes the electronic board material, the electronic board weight and the electronic board power consumption; the first structural information includes the electronic board size and the number of electronic board mounting holes.

[0009] Optionally, establishing the relay finite element model includes: drawing a physical model of the relay by computer-aided design software; and defining second parameter information and / or second structural information of the physical model.

[0010] Optionally, the second parameter information includes relay material, relay weight, relay solder joints and characteristics; the second structural information includes the size and shape of the reed, contact, and coil of the relay.

[0011] Optionally, the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model are converted into a file format supported by simulation software, and the electronic board finite element model and the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment are input into the simulation software to obtain the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board.

[0012] Optionally, the simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the finite element model of the relay to obtain the electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties of the relay includes: inputting the relay finite element model into the simulation software, establishing the electromagnetic model and mechanical dynamics model of the relay finite element model through the electromagnetic field solver and structural solver in the simulation software, and loading the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board onto the mechanical dynamics model to obtain the electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties of the relay.

[0013] Optionally, the electromagnetic properties include electromagnetic force and electromagnetic field distribution; and the mechanical properties include deformation of the spring, contact pressure of the contact point and bounce height.

[0014] Optionally, parameter settings of the electromagnetic field solver and the structural solver are adjusted according to actual working conditions of the relay, and the actual working conditions include current magnitude and mechanical load.

[0015] Optionally, the relay damage function is established by least squares method, broken line method, KNN nearest neighbor method polynomial fitting or AI black box method.

[0016] Optionally, the relay failure or reliability model is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, the Z max The maximum value of fatigue damage of the relay board is calculated by the relay damage function; the Z l It is the limit value of the relay board under different vibration conditions obtained based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay obtained by simulation and the contact impedance information of the relay under the actual vibration environment.

[0019] The present invention also provides a railway relay board reliability evaluation system, which is applicable to the railway relay board reliability evaluation method as described above, and comprises: a model module, which is used to establish an initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum, an electronic board finite element model and a relay finite element model; a simulation module, which is used to perform simulation calculations on the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model to obtain the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay; an analysis module, which establishes a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay under an actual vibration environment to evaluate the reliability of the relay board; an iteration module, which is used to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish a vibration excitation spectrum under a trackside application environment, and when the reliability of the relay board does not meet the vibration condition, optimize and iterate the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the railway relay board reliability assessment method and system provided by the present invention establish a simulation model so that designers can quickly judge the effectiveness of the structural design during the research and development stage of the relay board; secondly, by performing simulation analysis on the relay board, the vibration characteristics of the relay board are determined, and then in the circuit layout stage, bad vibration design can be effectively avoided, and the device layout can be optimized, thereby improving the overall reliability level of the relay board; at the same time, the vibration resistance of the relay board is evaluated by simulation methods to reduce the test cost; finally, the present invention can provide relevant improvement suggestions for relay manufacturers through high-precision modeling and simulation, thereby improving the reliability and safety of relays in the railway industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the railway relay board reliability assessment method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an exemplary first data of the railway relay board reliability assessment method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the second data collection process in the railway relay board reliability assessment method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a finite element model of an electronic board in a reliability assessment method for a railway relay board of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a relay finite element model in a railway relay board reliability assessment method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the railway relay board reliability evaluation system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 6 , the technical solutions, structural features, objectives achieved and effects in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0028] It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions. They are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only the elements explicitly listed, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a railway relay board reliability assessment method, which includes:

[0031] S1. Establishing an initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum according to the first data, and acquiring the second data in real time to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish a vibration excitation spectrum in a trackside application environment;

[0032] The first data includes a first vibration duration and a first acceleration measured at the track plate; in this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the maximum value of the first acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor at the track plate is about 1.2 m / s 2 The first vibration duration is about 10 seconds, and an initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum is generated based on the first data.

[0033] Further, if Figure 3 As shown, iterating the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum specifically includes: acquiring second data of the device electronic board through an acceleration sensor set in the trackside application environment, the second data including second vibration duration and second acceleration speed data in the trackside application environment; the acceleration sensor transmits the second vibration duration and second acceleration speed data (i.e., vibration signal) to the signal acquisition processing unit, the signal acquisition processing unit transmits the received second vibration duration and second acceleration speed data to the host computer, and iterates the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum, i.e., updates the first vibration duration and the first acceleration, and then obtains the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment.

[0034] S2, establishing the finite element model of the electronic board and the finite element model of the relay;

[0035] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, the establishment of the electronic board finite element model described in step S2 includes: drawing a solid model or plane graphic of the electronic board by computer-aided design software; defining the first parameter information and / or first structural information of the solid model or plane graphic. Optionally, the first parameter information includes the electronic board material, the electronic board weight and the electronic board power consumption; the first structural information includes the electronic board size and the number of electronic board mounting holes, which is not limited in the present invention. By establishing a finite element model of the electronic board, the design can be optimized, such as the size and layout optimization of the electronic board, and the reliability can be evaluated, including stress analysis and fatigue life prediction, and multi-physical field coupling analysis can also be performed, such as thermal-structural, electromagnetic-structural coupling, etc.

[0036] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the establishment of the relay finite element model described in step S2 includes: drawing a physical model of the relay through computer-aided design software; defining the second parameter information and / or second structural information of the physical model. Optionally, the second parameter information includes relay material, relay weight, relay solder joints and characteristics; the second structural information includes the size and shape of the reed, contact, and coil of the relay, which is not limited by the present invention. By establishing the relay finite element model, it can help optimize the contact material, shape and contact method, reduce contact resistance, and improve the conductivity and reliability of the relay.

[0037] In this embodiment, the computer-aided design software may use CAD to design a solid model or a plane graphic.

[0038] S3, performing vibration simulation on the finite element model of the electronic board based on the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment to obtain a vibration response spectrum of the electronic board;

[0039] Specifically, after the electronic board finite element model is established, the electronic board finite element model is converted into a file format supported by the simulation software (such as IGES, AT, STEP or PARASOLID, etc.), which is not limited in the present invention; and the electronic board finite element model and the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment are input into the simulation software (such as OpenFOAM, Elmer and other open source simulation software), thereby obtaining the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board. The vibration response spectrum of the electronic board includes parameters such as the vibration intensity, vibration direction, vibration frequency, and duration of each point on the electronic board.

[0040] S4, performing simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the finite element model of the relay to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay;

[0041] Specifically, the relay finite element model is input into the simulation software, the electromagnetic model and mechanical dynamics model of the relay finite element model are established through the electromagnetic field solver and the structural solver in the simulation software, and the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board is loaded onto the mechanical dynamics model to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay.

[0042] The electromagnetic model is used to analyze the electromagnetic performance of the relay finite element model, and the electromagnetic performance includes electromagnetic force and electromagnetic field distribution; the mechanical dynamics model is used to analyze the mechanical performance of the relay finite element model, and the mechanical performance includes the deformation of the reed, the contact pressure of the contact and the bounce height. Furthermore, in order to more accurately simulate the actual working conditions of the relay, the parameter settings of the electromagnetic field solver and the structural solver are adjusted according to the actual working conditions of the relay, and the actual working conditions include the current size and mechanical load.

[0043] S5. Based on the electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay under an actual vibration environment, a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time is established; as an optional embodiment, the relay damage function is established by least squares method, broken line method, KNN nearest neighbor method polynomial fitting or AI black box method.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the relay damage function is established by the least square method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] S51, through steps S1 to S4, the electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties of n groups of relays are obtained, for the i-th group of data (i=1, 2, ..., n), including the vibration amplitude A i , the vibration frequency is F i , vibration time is T i , the corresponding maximum relay contact impedance Z max , and record the change in electromagnetic force ΔF i , the change of electromagnetic field distribution ΔE i , reed deformation ΔD i , Contact pressure change ΔP i and the change in bounce height ΔH i .

[0046] S52. According to physical principles and data characteristics, it is assumed that the relationship between the relay damage function (the maximum value of the relay contact impedance is used to measure the degree of damage) and the vibration amplitude, frequency, time, and the change in electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance can be approximately represented by a multivariate linear function (or composed of other function forms such as polynomials, which is not limited in the present invention). This embodiment takes a linear function as an example:

[0047] Z max =k 0 +k 1 A+k 2 F+k 3 T+k 4 ΔF+k 5 ΔE+k 6 ΔD+k7 ΔP+k 8 ΔH

[0048] Among them, k 0 , k 1 …k 8 are coefficients determined by the least squares method;

[0049] S53, constructing an error equation according to the linear function, specifically: for each set of experimental data i, the corresponding vibration amplitude A i , vibration frequency F i , vibration time T i The electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance changes are substituted into the linear function to obtain the predicted maximum relay contact impedance.

[0050]

[0051] Among them, the actual measured maximum value of the relay contact impedance Z max , then the error e i for:

[0052]

[0053] S54, constructing the least squares method objective function; since the goal of the least squares method is to minimize the sum of squares of errors, the objective function S is constructed as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Will Substituting the expression into the above formula, we get:

[0056]

[0057] S55. Solve the coefficients. In order to minimize the objective function S, the objective function S is calculated with respect to k. 0 , k 1 …k 8 Find the partial derivatives and set them equal to 0 to obtain a set of linear equations:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] By solving the above linear equations, we can get the coefficient k 0 , k 1 …k 8The value of , thereby determining the relay damage function. In actual calculations, matrix operations or professional mathematical software can be used to solve this set of linear equations. It should be noted that the above is only an achievable technical solution provided by the present invention, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0061] S6. Substituting the vibration amplitude, frequency and time to be evaluated into the relay damage function established in step S5 to obtain a fatigue damage value, and evaluating the reliability of the relay board based on the fatigue damage value and the relay failure or reliability model.

[0062] Wherein, the relay failure or reliability model is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, the Z max The maximum value of the fatigue damage of the relay is calculated by the relay damage function; the Z l is the limit value of the relay under different vibration conditions obtained based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay obtained by simulation and the contact impedance information of the relay under the actual vibration environment. Specifically, if the maximum value of fatigue damage Z max Less than the limit value Z l , the relay does not fail; if the maximum value of fatigue damage Z max Equal to the limit value Z l , then the relay fails critically; if the maximum value of fatigue damage Z max Greater than the limit value Z l , the relay fails. Through the relay damage function and the relay failure or reliability model, a relatively accurate test simulation method is provided, which meets the needs of designers for structural selection and provides a scientific basis for relay selection and fault diagnosis. The simulation model can be efficiently iterated to adapt to different trackside application environments.

[0065] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a railway relay board reliability assessment system, such as Figure 6As shown, it includes: a model module 11, which is used to establish an initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum, an electronic board finite element model and a relay finite element model; a simulation module 12, which is used to simulate and calculate the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model to obtain the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the relay; an analysis module 13, which establishes a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time based on the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay under an actual vibration environment to evaluate the reliability of the relay board; an iteration module 14, which is used to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish a vibration excitation spectrum under a trackside application environment, and when the reliability of the relay board does not meet the vibration conditions, optimize and iterate the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model.

[0066] In summary, the railway relay board reliability assessment method and system provided by the present invention establish a simulation model so that designers can quickly judge the effectiveness of the structural design during the research and development stage of the relay board; secondly, by performing simulation analysis on the relay board, the vibration characteristics of the relay board are determined, and then in the circuit layout stage, bad vibration design can be effectively avoided, and the device layout can be optimized, thereby improving the overall reliability level of the relay board; at the same time, the vibration resistance of the relay board is evaluated by simulation methods to reduce the test cost; finally, the present invention can provide relevant improvement suggestions for relay manufacturers through high-precision modeling and simulation, thereby improving the reliability and safety of relays in the railway industry.

[0067] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the reliability of a railway relay board, characterized in that: include: An initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum is established according to the first data, and second data is acquired in real time to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish a vibration excitation spectrum in a trackside application environment; Establish finite element model of electronic board and relay; Performing vibration simulation on the finite element model of the electronic board based on the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment to obtain a vibration response spectrum of the electronic board; Performing simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the finite element model of the relay to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay; Based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay under the actual vibration environment, a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time is established; Substituting the vibration amplitude, frequency and time to be evaluated into the relay damage function to obtain a fatigue damage value, and evaluating the reliability of the relay board based on the fatigue damage value and the relay failure or reliability model.

2. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first data includes a first vibration duration and a first acceleration measured at the track plate; the second data includes a second vibration duration and a second acceleration speed data collected in real time in a trackside application environment using an acceleration sensor.

3. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establishing the finite element model of the electronic board includes: drawing a solid model or a plane figure of the electronic board by computer-aided design software; and defining first parameter information and / or first structural information of the solid model or the plane figure.

4. The railway relay board reliability assessment method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first parameter information includes the electronic board material, the electronic board weight and the electronic board power consumption; the first structural information includes the electronic board size and the number of electronic board installation holes.

5. The railway relay board reliability assessment method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Establishing the relay finite element model includes: drawing the entity model of the relay by computer-aided design software; and defining second parameter information and / or second structural information of the entity model.

6. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second parameter information includes relay material, relay weight, relay solder joints and characteristics; the second structural information includes the size and shape of the reed, contact, and coil of the relay.

7. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model are converted into a file format supported by simulation software, and the electronic board finite element model and the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment are input into the simulation software to obtain the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board.

8. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The simulation calculation based on the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the finite element model of the relay to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay includes: The relay finite element model is input into the simulation software, and the electromagnetic model and mechanical dynamics model of the relay finite element model are established through the electromagnetic field solver and the structural solver in the simulation software, and the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board is loaded onto the mechanical dynamics model to obtain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay.

9. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electromagnetic properties include electromagnetic force and electromagnetic field distribution; the mechanical properties include deformation of the spring, contact pressure of the contact point and bounce height.

10. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The parameter settings of the electromagnetic field solver and the structural solver are adjusted according to the actual working conditions of the relay, and the actual working conditions include current magnitude and mechanical load.

11. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relay damage function is established by least square method, broken line method, KNN nearest neighbor method polynomial fitting or AI black box method.

12. The railway relay board reliability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relay failure or reliability model is as follows: Among them, the Z max The maximum value of fatigue damage of the relay board is calculated by the relay damage function; l It is the limit value of the relay board under different vibration conditions obtained based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay obtained by simulation and the contact impedance information of the relay under the actual vibration environment.

13. A railway relay card reliability assessment system, applicable to the railway relay card reliability assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: include: Model module, used to establish initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum, electronic board finite element model and relay finite element model; A simulation module, used to perform simulation calculations on the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model to obtain the vibration response spectrum of the electronic board and the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay; An analysis module, based on the electromagnetic performance and mechanical performance of the relay and the contact impedance information of the relay under an actual vibration environment, establishes a relay damage function of relay impedance and vibration amplitude, frequency and time to evaluate the reliability of the relay board; The iterative module is used to iterate the initial vibration simulation excitation spectrum to establish the vibration excitation spectrum in the trackside application environment, and when the reliability of the relay board does not meet the vibration condition, optimize and iterate the electronic board finite element model and the relay finite element model.

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