Appliance operation and maintenance method and device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to an appliance operation and maintenance method and device, computer equipment, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring actual rust layer thickness data of an appliance; according to the corresponding relation between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration and the standard bearing capacity of the appliance, the allowable use duration of the appliance is determined; further determining the actual use time of the appliance according to the actual rust layer thickness data of the appliance; and determining an operation and maintenance strategy for performing operation and maintenance on the appliance according to the actual use duration and the allowed use duration. According to the scheme, by obtaining the actual rust layer thickness data of the appliance and combining the standard bearing capacity of the appliance, the actual use duration and the allowable use duration of the appliance can be determined, the corrosion condition of the appliance can be indirectly determined, and then the operation and maintenance strategy for operation and maintenance of the appliance can be determined, so that the appliance operation and maintenance strategy determination efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to an equipment operation and maintenance method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product. Background Art

[0002] Identifying the rust layer of rust-prone equipment can provide a reference for the operation and maintenance of rust-prone equipment. For example, iron towers are rust-prone equipment, and iron towers are key components in power transmission lines. They have the function of supporting conductors, ground wires and other components. The rust state of iron towers is directly related to the power supply safety of the entire power grid. However, most overhead transmission towers are located in the wild, and their surrounding environment is very complex. Therefore, the rust of the tower body is inevitable.

[0003] Traditional technology usually uses manual inspection to determine the corrosion condition of the equipment, and then determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment, which has the problem of low equipment operation and maintenance efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an equipment operation and maintenance method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product to improve the equipment operation and maintenance efficiency in response to the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an equipment operation and maintenance method, comprising:

[0006] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0007] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0008] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0009] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0010] In one embodiment, determining the actual usage time of the tool according to the actual rust thickness data of the tool includes:

[0011] According to the actual rust layer thickness data, determine the actual load-bearing capacity of the equipment;

[0012] The actual usage time of the device is determined according to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, as well as the actual carrying capacity of the device.

[0013] In one embodiment, determining the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the actual rust layer thickness data includes:

[0014] According to the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data, the actual bearing capacity of the device is determined.

[0015] In one embodiment, the device is operated and maintained according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time, including:

[0016] Determine the remaining usage time of the device based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time;

[0017] Determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the remaining use time of the equipment;

[0018] Adopt operation and maintenance strategies to operate and maintain the equipment.

[0019] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance strategy at least includes continuously observing the device, repairing the device, and replacing the device, and determining the operation and maintenance strategy for the device according to the remaining use time of the device, including:

[0020] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than the first preset time, determining that the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance is to continuously observe the appliance;

[0021] If the remaining usage time of the device is less than or equal to the first preset time and greater than the second preset time, determining that the operation and maintenance strategy for operating and maintaining the device is to repair the device;

[0022] If the remaining usage time of the device is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for the device is determined to be replacement of the device; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the device are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the device in an experimental environment, determining the remaining usage time of the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time includes:

[0024] Determine the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the instrument;

[0025] The product of the target difference and the conversion factor is taken as the remaining usage time of the appliance; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an equipment operation and maintenance device, including:

[0027] An acquisition module is used to obtain actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0028] A first determination module is used to determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0029] The second determination module is used to determine the actual use time of the tool according to the actual rust thickness data of the tool;

[0030] The operation and maintenance module is used to operate and maintain the equipment according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0032] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0033] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0034] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0035] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0037] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0038] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0039] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0040] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0041] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0042] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0043] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0044] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0045] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0046] The above-mentioned equipment operation and maintenance method, device, computer equipment, storage medium and program product obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and determine the allowable use time of the equipment based on the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, as well as the standard bearing capacity of the equipment; further determine the actual use time of the equipment based on the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and then determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the actual use time and the allowable use time. The above-mentioned scheme, by obtaining the actual rust thickness data of the equipment and combining it with the standard bearing capacity of the equipment, can determine the actual use time and the allowable use time of the equipment, and can indirectly determine the rust condition of the equipment, and then can determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of determining the equipment operation and maintenance strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an apparatus operation and maintenance method in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a fitting curve of historical usage time and historical carrying capacity in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 2B A schematic diagram of a fitting curve of historical usage time and historical thickness data in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the actual usage time of an appliance in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 4A A load-displacement curve diagram in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 4B is a curve showing the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 5A is a load-displacement curve diagram in another embodiment;

[0055] Figure 5B is a curve showing the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity in another embodiment;

[0056] Fig. 6A A load-displacement curve diagram in yet another embodiment;

[0057] Figure 6B is a curve showing the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity in another embodiment;

[0058] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a process for determining an operation and maintenance strategy for operating and maintaining an appliance in one embodiment;

[0059] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the remaining usage time of an appliance in one embodiment;

[0060] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an equipment operation and maintenance method in another embodiment;

[0061] Fig.10 is a structural block diagram of an equipment operation and maintenance device in an embodiment;

[0062] Fig.11 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0064] The equipment operation and maintenance method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the application environment of maintaining and managing equipment that is prone to rust, and can be specifically applied to the application scenario of maintaining and managing transmission towers.

[0065] The method can be executed by a server or by a terminal with a certain computing power. The server can be an independent physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides cloud computing services. The terminal can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smart phones, tablets, IoT devices and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can be smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart car devices, projection devices, etc. Portable wearable devices can be smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. Head-mounted devices can be virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, smart glasses, etc.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a device operation and maintenance method is provided, which is described by taking the method applied to a server as an example, and includes the following steps:

[0067] S101, obtaining actual rust layer thickness data of the equipment.

[0068] For example, after a tool is corroded, rust spots will grow, and the corrosion condition of the tool can be analyzed based on the rust layer thickness data of the rust spots.

[0069] Usually, in order to prevent the equipment from being rusted, a galvanized layer is applied on the surface of the equipment. However, as the equipment is used for a longer time, the galvanized layer will also be corroded. Therefore, the actual rust layer data of the equipment can be obtained after the galvanized layer on the surface of the equipment is corroded.

[0070] For example, a thickness gauge can be used to obtain the actual rust layer data of the instrument. Taking the instrument as a transmission tower as an example, a drone equipped with a high-stabilization gimbal can be used to drive the thickness gauge to perform multi-point measurement of a single rusted part of the high and middle structure of the tower. The amount of measurement data can be determined according to the size of the rusted part and the preset distance interval. A handheld or ground-mounted thickness gauge can also be used to detect the rust layer thickness data of the bottom position of the tower one by one. Among them, the thickness gauge can be a laser photothermal thickness gauge or an infrared photothermal thickness gauge, etc.

[0071] S102: Determine the allowed usage time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard carrying capacity of the device.

[0072] The standard load-bearing capacity of the equipment is the load-bearing capacity of the equipment under normal use. For example, the maximum load-bearing capacity of the equipment is 334074N, and the safety factor is 2.5. After removing the safety reserve force, the standard load-bearing capacity is 334074 / 2.5=133629.6N.

[0073] Exemplarily, sample data of the device within a historical period may be collected in advance, wherein the sample data may include the historical carrying capacity and historical usage time of the device; the historical period may be a historical period of 3 or 5 years, and no specific limitation is made herein.

[0074] Furthermore, the relationship between the historical usage duration and the historical carrying capacity can be fitted. For example, the historical carrying capacity can be used as the dependent variable and the historical usage duration can be used as the independent variable to establish a fitting curve between the historical usage duration and the historical carrying capacity, and the functional relationship between the historical usage duration and the historical carrying capacity can be calculated based on the curve, and the obtained functional relationship can be used as the corresponding relationship between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration.

[0075] For example, see Figure 2A , Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a fitting curve between historical usage time and historical carrying capacity is provided, wherein the unit of historical carrying capacity is kN and the unit of historical usage time is h; the historical carrying capacity decreases as the historical usage time increases.

[0076] Exemplarily, the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, F is the candidate carrying capacity and t is the candidate duration.

[0079] S103, determining the actual usage time of the tool according to the actual rust layer thickness data of the tool.

[0080] Exemplarily, sample data of the equipment within a historical period can also be collected in advance, wherein the sample data can include historical rust thickness data and historical usage time of the equipment; the historical period can be a historical period of 3 or 5 years, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0081] Furthermore, the relationship between the historical usage time and the historical rust layer thickness data can be fitted. For example, the historical rust layer thickness data can be used as the dependent variable and the historical usage time can be used as the independent variable to establish a fitting curve between the historical usage time and the historical rust layer thickness data, and the functional relationship between the historical usage time and the historical rust layer thickness data can be calculated based on the curve.

[0082] Exemplarily, the actual rust thickness data of the tool may be substituted into the functional relationship between the determined historical usage time and the historical rust thickness data to calculate the actual usage time of the tool.

[0083] For example, see Figure 2B , Figure 2BA schematic diagram of a fitting curve between historical usage time and historical rust layer thickness data is provided, wherein the horizontal axis is the historical usage time in units of h; the vertical axis is the historical rust layer thickness data in units of um.

[0084] Exemplarily, the functional relationship between the historical usage time and the historical thickness data calculated according to the curve is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] in, is the historical rust layer thickness data, t is the historical usage time, and is also the candidate time.

[0087] S104, operating and maintaining the equipment according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

[0088] Furthermore, it is possible to determine whether the appliance can continue to be used based on the difference between the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; for example, if the difference is greater than a preset value, it can be determined that the appliance can still be used, and the appliance can be repaired; if the difference is less than or equal to the preset value, it can be determined that the appliance cannot continue to be used and needs to be replaced. The preset value can be zero or a value greater than zero. The preset value is used to reflect the value at which the service life of the appliance is about to end, so as to represent the critical value of the usage time when the appliance needs to be replaced.

[0089] By determining how to operate and maintain the equipment in this way, the equipment can be replaced in a timely manner when it is needed, avoiding safety hazards caused by the equipment being unusable and other problems.

[0090] The above-mentioned equipment operation and maintenance method obtains the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and determines the allowable use time of the equipment based on the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, as well as the standard bearing capacity of the equipment; further determines the actual use time of the equipment based on the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and then operates and maintains the equipment based on the actual use time and the allowable use time. The above-mentioned scheme can determine the actual use time and the allowable use time of the equipment by obtaining the actual rust thickness data of the equipment and combining it with the standard bearing capacity of the equipment, and can indirectly determine the rust condition of the equipment, and then determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of determining the equipment operation and maintenance strategy.

[0091] In some optional implementations, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the actual usage time of an appliance is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0092] S301, determining the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the actual rust layer thickness data.

[0093] Exemplarily, sample data of the equipment within a historical period may also be collected in advance, wherein the sample data may include historical rust thickness data and historical bearing capacity of the equipment; the historical period may be a historical period of 3 or 5 years, and no specific limitation is made herein.

[0094] Furthermore, the relationship between the historical bearing capacity and the historical rust layer thickness data can be fitted. For example, the historical bearing capacity can be used as the dependent variable, the historical thickness data can be used as the independent variable, a fitting curve between the historical bearing capacity and the historical thickness data can be established, and the functional relationship between the historical bearing capacity and the historical thickness data can be calculated based on the curve.

[0095] For example, the transmission tower is used as an example. Since the main damage form of the transmission tower is compression buckling, the angle steel with the greatest pressure can be used as an example. Under uniform corrosion, the longer the time, the deeper the corrosion. However, after reaching a certain corrosion depth, the rusted part will form a protective layer to prevent the corrosion from continuing.

[0096] In actual engineering, the corrosion thickness generally does not exceed 10% of the steel thickness. Therefore, we can take the overall corrosion depth t / d of 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 as an example to analyze the impact of the overall corrosion of the transmission tower on the bearing capacity of the angle steel. When the relative corrosion depth t / d of uniform corrosion ranges from 0.02 to 0.1, the corresponding load-displacement curve is as follows: Figure 4A As shown in the figure, the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity is as follows Figure 4B As shown. Among them, the unit of load is kN, the unit of displacement is mm; the unit of bearing capacity is kN, and the unit of corrosion depth is um. It can be seen that under different corrosion depths, when the displacement does not reach the critical value, the load increases with the increase of displacement; after reaching the critical value, the load decreases with the increase of displacement; the bearing capacity decreases with the increase of corrosion thickness.

[0097] For example, when the relative corrosion depth of edge corrosion t / d=0.4, and the distance from the centroid of the corrosion area to the end face of the angle steel accounts for 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the total length of the angle steel, the corresponding load-displacement curve is as follows: Figure 5A As shown in the figure, the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity is as follows Figure 5B As shown. Among them, the unit of load is kN, the unit of displacement is mm; the unit of bearing capacity is kN, and the proportion of the distance from the centroid of the rusted area to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel is a percentage. It can be seen that at the same ratio of the distance from the centroid of the rusted area to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel, the greater the corrosion depth, the smaller the bearing capacity; at the same corrosion depth, as the proportion of the distance from the centroid of the rusted area to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel increases, the bearing capacity decreases.

[0098] For example, when the relative corrosion width of local corrosion h / b=0.4, and the distance from the centroid of the corrosion area to the end face of the angle steel accounts for 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the total length of the angle steel, the corresponding load-displacement curve is as follows: Fig. 6A As shown, the relationship between corrosion depth and bearing capacity is shown in curve 6B. Among them, the unit of load is kN, the unit of displacement is mm; the unit of bearing capacity is kN, and the proportion of the distance from the centroid of the corrosion zone to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel is a percentage. It can be seen that under the same proportion of the distance from the centroid of the corrosion zone to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel, the larger the relative corrosion width, the smaller the bearing capacity; under the same relative corrosion width, as the proportion of the distance from the centroid of the corrosion zone to the end face of the angle steel to the total length of the angle steel increases, the bearing capacity decreases.

[0099] Furthermore, in the above Figures 4A-6B On this basis, the functional relationship between the historical bearing capacity and the historical thickness data is calculated according to the relationship curve as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where F is the historical carrying capacity, This is the historical thickness data.

[0102] Exemplarily, the actual rust layer thickness data of the device may be substituted into the functional relationship between the determined historical bearing capacity and the historical thickness data to calculate the actual bearing capacity of the device.

[0103] S302: Determine the actual usage time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual carrying capacity of the device.

[0104] Exemplarily, the construction of the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration may refer to step S102 in the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0105] Furthermore, the actual carrying capacity of the device can be substituted into the corresponding relationship between the determined candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration to calculate the actual usage duration of the device.

[0106] In an embodiment of the present application, the actual bearing capacity of the equipment is first determined based on the actual rust layer thickness data, and then the actual usage time of the equipment is indirectly determined based on the actual bearing capacity, thereby realizing the conversion of the actual rust layer thickness data to the actual usage time of the equipment, providing a basis for the rust analysis of the equipment, and facilitating the determination of the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment.

[0107] In some optional implementations, the functional relationship between the historical usage time and the historical thickness data determined in the above-mentioned embodiments, as well as the corresponding relationship between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, can be combined to determine the corresponding relationship between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity. The fitting step can be skipped to improve the efficiency of determining the corresponding relationship between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity.

[0108] For example, the functional relationship between the historical usage time and the historical thickness data can be determined in combination with the above embodiment. , and the corresponding relationship between candidate carrying capacity and candidate duration That is, the functional relationship between the historical service time and the historical thickness data, and the corresponding relationship between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time are combined to obtain the corresponding relationship between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity. The corresponding relationship between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Furthermore, the actual bearing capacity of the device can be determined based on the correspondence between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data. For example, the actual rust layer thickness data of the device can be substituted into the determined correspondence between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity to calculate the actual bearing capacity of the device.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present application, the correspondence between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity can be determined based on the functional relationship between the determined historical usage time and the historical thickness data, and the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time. The fitting step can be skipped to improve the efficiency of determining the correspondence between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, thereby improving the efficiency of determining the actual bearing capacity of the device.

[0112] In some optional implementations, see Figure 7 , Figure 7 A flow chart of determining an operation and maintenance strategy for operating and maintaining an appliance is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0113] S701, determining the remaining usage time of the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

[0114] For example, the difference between the allowed usage time and the actual usage time can be used as the remaining usage time of the device. The allowed usage time can be understood as the maximum available time of the device, and according to the corresponding relationship between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate time, the time corresponding to when the carrying capacity of the device drops to the standard carrying capacity can be used as the allowed usage time.

[0115] S702: Determine an operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance according to the remaining usage time of the appliance.

[0116] S703, adopting an operation and maintenance strategy to operate and maintain the equipment.

[0117] Exemplarily, operation and maintenance strategies corresponding to different remaining usage times can be preset. For example, if the remaining usage time is greater than a preset value, it can be determined that the appliance can still be used. In this case, the operation and maintenance strategy can be to repair the appliance, thereby repairing the appliance; if the remaining usage time is less than or equal to the preset value, it can be determined that the appliance can no longer be used. In this case, the operation and maintenance strategy can be to replace the appliance, thereby replacing the appliance. Among them, the preset value can be zero or a value greater than zero. The preset value is used to reflect that the remaining service life of the appliance is approaching, so as to characterize the critical value of the usage time at which the appliance needs to be replaced. In the embodiment of the present application, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating and maintaining the appliance is determined based on the remaining usage time of the appliance, so that the appliance can be replaced in time when it needs to be replaced, thereby avoiding safety hazards and other problems caused by the inability to use the appliance.

[0118] Exemplarily, determining the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance according to the remaining use time of the appliance can be achieved in the following ways:

[0119] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than the first preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance can be determined to be continuous observation of the appliance, that is, if the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than the first preset time, it means that the rust degree of the appliance is relatively light, and the rust condition of the appliance can be continuously observed. The first preset time can be set according to actual conditions and empirical data. For example, it can be set to 3 years or 5 years, and no specific limitation is made here for the first preset time.

[0120] If the remaining use time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance is determined to be repairing the appliance, that is, the remaining use time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than the second preset time, which means that the appliance is moderately corroded, and the more severely corroded parts of the appliance can be repaired to ensure the normal use of the appliance. Among them, the second preset time can be set according to actual conditions and empirical data. For example, it can be set to 1 year or half a year, and no specific limitation is made on the second preset time. Among them, the first preset time needs to be greater than the second preset time.

[0121] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, it can be determined that the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance is to replace the appliance. That is, the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, which means that the appliance is severely corroded. In order to avoid safety hazards caused by damage to the appliance, the operation and maintenance strategy for the appliance needs to be replaced.

[0122] In the embodiment of the present application, a specific operation and maintenance strategy can be determined based on the remaining usage time of the device, which can ensure the normal use of the device and avoid safety hazards caused by damage to the device while improving the flexibility of operation and maintenance.

[0123] In some optional implementations, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the remaining usage time of an appliance is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0124] The experimental environment is exemplary. In order to facilitate the study of the relationship between the rust thickness data and the remaining usage time of the equipment, the experimental environment can be used to simulate the actual usage environment of the equipment, and the relationship between the rust thickness data and the remaining usage time of the equipment under the experimental environment can be analyzed, and then converted to the relationship between the rust thickness data and the remaining usage time under the actual usage environment, which is used to subsequently determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment.

[0125] For example, taking the transmission tower as an example, in the actual use environment of the transmission tower, the concentration of air pollutants is generally high. The main polluting gases are SO2, NO2, CO and O3. The air pollution index is usually moderate pollution, with a concentration of 11ug / m 3 The concentration of NO2 is 66ug / m 3 , the concentration of CO is 2ug / m 3 , the concentration of O3 is 19ug / m 3 These air pollutants are easily soluble in water and react with water to produce acidic substances such as HNO3 and H2SO3, which directly cause rust to the transmission towers in the area. At the same time, the acidic substances dissolve in water and produce electrochemical reactions with the transmission towers, causing secondary corrosion.

[0126] Based on this, the corrosion test can be carried out in the laboratory on the material with the same material as the transmission tower. For example, taking the material of the transmission tower as Q235 steel, a dry and wet immersion test of a 2 mol / L NaHSO3 solution is carried out. The experimental temperature is 40°C, and the main ions in the experimental solution are Na + , H + 、SO3 2- These ions are common ions detected in the actual use environment of transmission towers.

[0127] Thus, the actual rust thickness data of the tool in the experimental environment can be obtained, and the actual use time and the allowed use time of the tool in the experimental environment can be determined based on the actual rust thickness data.

[0128] S801, determine the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the device.

[0129] Furthermore, the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the instrument can be determined based on the gas concentration in the actual use environment of the instrument and the ion concentration in the experimental environment.

[0130] S802: The product of the target difference and the conversion coefficient is used as the remaining usage time of the appliance.

[0131] Furthermore, the difference between the actual usage time and the allowed usage time can be calculated first, that is, the difference between the allowed usage time and the actual usage time is the target difference; and the product of the target difference and the conversion coefficient is used as the remaining usage time of the appliance. In this way, the remaining usage time obtained in the experimental environment is converted to the remaining usage time in the actual usage environment.

[0132] Exemplarily, the remaining usage time of the appliance can be calculated according to the following relationship:

[0133] T 剩 =(T 允 -T 实 )K, where T is the remaining usage time of the appliance, T 允 To allow usage time, T 实 is the actual usage time, and K is the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual usage environment of the device.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, by converting the remaining usage time obtained in the experimental environment into the remaining usage time in the actual usage environment, the reliability of the remaining usage time of the device is ensured while simplifying the process of determining the remaining usage time of the device.

[0135] In some optional implementations, see Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 A flowchart of another device operation and maintenance method is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0136] S901, obtaining actual rust thickness data of the equipment under the experimental environment.

[0137] S902: Determine the allowable usage time of the device in the experimental environment according to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard carrying capacity of the device.

[0138] S903, determining the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the corresponding relationship between the candidate corrosion thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, and the actual rust layer thickness data.

[0139] S904: Determine the actual usage time of the device in the experimental environment according to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual carrying capacity of the device.

[0140] S905, determining a conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the device.

[0141] S906: The product of the difference between the actual usage time of the device in the experimental environment and the allowed usage time and the conversion coefficient is taken as the remaining usage time of the device.

[0142] S907, determining an operation and maintenance strategy for the device according to the remaining use time of the device;

[0143] S908, adopting an operation and maintenance strategy to operate and maintain the equipment.

[0144] The specific process of S901 to S908 can refer to the description of the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0145] Furthermore, the execution order of the above steps is only an exemplary description and is not used to limit the execution steps. Other execution orders of the steps are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0146] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides an appliance operation and maintenance device for implementing the appliance operation and maintenance method involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more appliance operation and maintenance device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the appliance operation and maintenance method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, a tool operation and maintenance device is provided, comprising:

[0149] An acquisition module 10 is used to obtain actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0150] A first determination module 20 is used to determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0151] The second determination module 30 is used to determine the actual use time of the tool according to the actual rust layer thickness data of the tool;

[0152] The operation and maintenance module 40 is used to operate and maintain the appliance according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

[0153] The above-mentioned equipment operation and maintenance device obtains the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and determines the allowable use time of the equipment based on the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, as well as the standard bearing capacity of the equipment; further determines the actual use time of the equipment based on the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; and then operates and maintains the equipment based on the actual use time and the allowable use time. The above-mentioned scheme, by obtaining the actual rust thickness data of the equipment and combining it with the standard bearing capacity of the equipment, can determine the actual use time and the allowable use time of the equipment, and can indirectly determine the rust condition of the equipment, and then can determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment, thereby improving the equipment operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0154] In one embodiment, the second determining module 30 specifically includes:

[0155] A first determination unit is used to determine the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the actual rust layer thickness data;

[0156] The second determining unit is used to determine the actual usage time of the device according to the corresponding relationship between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual carrying capacity of the device.

[0157] In one embodiment, the first determining unit is specifically configured to:

[0158] According to the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data, the actual bearing capacity of the device is determined.

[0159] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance module 40 specifically includes:

[0160] It is used to determine the remaining usage time of the equipment based on the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the remaining usage time of the equipment; and operate and maintain the equipment using the operation and maintenance strategy.

[0161] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance strategy at least includes continuously observing the equipment, repairing the equipment, and replacing the equipment. The operation and maintenance module 40 is specifically used to:

[0162] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than a first preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be continuous observation of the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than a second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be repairing the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be replacing the appliance; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

[0163] In one embodiment, when the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the device are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the device in the experimental environment, the operation and maintenance module 40 is specifically used to:

[0164] Determine the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the instrument; take the product of the target difference and the conversion factor as the remaining use time of the instrument; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual use time and the allowed use time.

[0165] Each module in the above-mentioned equipment operation and maintenance device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and their combination. Each of the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each of the above modules.

[0166] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the rust thickness data of the tool. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and the external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a tool operation and maintenance method is implemented.

[0167] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.11The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0168] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0169] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0170] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0171] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0172] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0173] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0174] The actual bearing capacity of the tool is determined based on the actual rust layer thickness data; the actual usage time of the tool is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual bearing capacity of the tool.

[0175] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0176] According to the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data, the actual bearing capacity of the device is determined.

[0177] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0178] Determine the remaining usage time of the equipment based on the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the remaining usage time; and operate and maintain the equipment using the operation and maintenance strategy.

[0179] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance strategy includes at least continuously observing the equipment, repairing the equipment, and replacing the equipment. When the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are also implemented:

[0180] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than a first preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be continuous observation of the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than a second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be repairing the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be replacing the appliance; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

[0181] In one embodiment, when the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the appliance are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the appliance in an experimental environment, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

[0182] Obtain the actual usage time and the permitted usage time of the instrument in the experimental environment; determine the conversion coefficient between the experimental environment and the actual usage environment of the instrument; and use the product of the target difference and the conversion coefficient as the remaining usage time of the instrument; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0183] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0184] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0185] Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use;

[0186] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0187] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0188] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0189] The actual bearing capacity of the tool is determined based on the actual rust layer thickness data; the actual usage time of the tool is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual bearing capacity of the tool.

[0190] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0191] According to the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data, the actual bearing capacity of the device is determined.

[0192] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0193] Determine the remaining usage time of the equipment based on the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the remaining usage time; and operate and maintain the equipment using the operation and maintenance strategy.

[0194] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance strategy includes at least continuously observing the equipment, repairing the equipment, and replacing the equipment. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0195] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than a first preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be continuous observation of the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than a second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be repairing the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be replacing the appliance; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

[0196] In one embodiment, when the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the appliance are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the appliance in an experimental environment, the computer program further implements the following steps when executed by the processor:

[0197] Obtain the actual usage time and the permitted usage time of the instrument in the experimental environment; determine the conversion coefficient between the experimental environment and the actual usage environment of the instrument; and use the product of the target difference and the conversion coefficient as the remaining usage time of the instrument; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0198] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0199] Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment;

[0200] According to the correspondence between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard carrying capacity of the device, the allowable use duration of the device is determined; wherein the standard carrying capacity of the device is the carrying capacity of the device under normal use;

[0201] According to the actual rust thickness data of the equipment, determine the actual use time of the equipment;

[0202] Operate and maintain the equipment based on the actual usage time and the permitted usage time.

[0203] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0204] The actual bearing capacity of the tool is determined based on the actual rust layer thickness data; the actual usage time of the tool is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual bearing capacity of the tool.

[0205] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0206] According to the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data, the actual bearing capacity of the device is determined.

[0207] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0208] Determine the remaining usage time of the equipment based on the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; determine the operation and maintenance strategy for the equipment based on the remaining usage time; and operate and maintain the equipment using the operation and maintenance strategy.

[0209] In one embodiment, the operation and maintenance strategy includes at least continuously observing the equipment, repairing the equipment, and replacing the equipment. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are also implemented:

[0210] If the remaining usage time of the appliance is greater than a first preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be continuous observation of the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the first preset time, and greater than a second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be repairing the appliance; if the remaining usage time of the appliance is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for operating the appliance is determined to be replacing the appliance; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

[0211] In one embodiment, when the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the appliance are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the appliance in an experimental environment, the computer program further implements the following steps when executed by the processor:

[0212] Determine the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the instrument; take the product of the target difference and the conversion factor as the remaining use time of the instrument; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual use time and the allowed use time.

[0213] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0214] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0215] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A device operation and maintenance method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the actual rust thickness data of the equipment; Determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate duration, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use; Determining the actual usage time of the tool according to the actual rust thickness data of the tool; The device is operated and maintained according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the actual use time of the tool according to the actual rust layer thickness data of the tool comprises: Determining the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the actual rust layer thickness data; The actual usage time of the device is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the candidate carrying capacity and the candidate duration, and the actual carrying capacity of the device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the actual bearing capacity of the device according to the actual rust layer thickness data includes: The actual bearing capacity of the device is determined based on the corresponding relationship between the candidate rust thickness and the candidate bearing capacity, as well as the actual rust layer thickness data.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating and maintaining the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time includes: Determining the remaining usage time of the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time; Determining an operation and maintenance strategy for the device according to the remaining usage time of the device; The operation and maintenance strategy is adopted to operate and maintain the device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The operation and maintenance strategy at least includes continuously observing the device, repairing the device and replacing the device. The operation and maintenance strategy for operating and maintaining the device according to the remaining use time of the device includes: If the remaining usage time of the device is greater than the first preset time, determining that the operation and maintenance strategy for the device is to continuously observe the device; If the remaining usage time of the device is less than or equal to the first preset time and greater than the second preset time, determining that the operation and maintenance strategy for the device is to repair the device; If the remaining usage time of the device is less than or equal to the second preset time, the operation and maintenance strategy for the device is determined to be replacement of the device; wherein the first preset time is greater than the second preset time.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In a case where the allowed usage time and the actual usage time of the device are the actual usage time and the allowed usage time of the device in an experimental environment, determining the remaining usage time of the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time includes: The experimental environment determines the conversion factor between the experimental environment and the actual use environment of the device; The product of the target difference and the conversion coefficient is used as the remaining usage time of the device; wherein the target difference is the difference between the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

7. An equipment operation and maintenance device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to obtain actual rust thickness data of the equipment; A first determination module is used to determine the allowable use time of the device according to the correspondence between the candidate bearing capacity and the candidate time, and the standard bearing capacity of the device; wherein the standard bearing capacity of the device is the bearing capacity of the device under normal use; A second determination module is used to determine the actual use time of the tool according to the actual rust layer thickness data of the tool; An operation and maintenance module is used to operate and maintain the device according to the actual usage time and the allowed usage time.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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