L-band broadband knife-shaped antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses an L-band broadband knife-shaped antenna, which relates to the technical field of wireless communication and comprises an antenna cover, a metal reflecting plate and a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate is vertically arranged on the metal reflecting plate, the antenna housing covers the dielectric substrate and is connected with the metal reflecting plate to form a closed space, and a main radiator and a matching branch knot cover the surface of one side of the dielectric substrate; according to the miniaturized and broadband L-waveband broadband knife-shaped antenna, under the condition that the constraint of the overall size of an airplane is met, full coverage of the L waveband is achieved, impedance adjustment from the coaxial connector to the main radiator is achieved by forming the gap groove and the two-stage matching branch knots in the main radiator, the broadband is achieved, energy of the frequency band is fully utilized, and the antenna can be widely applied to the field of aircrafts. And the full-band energy loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an L-band broadband blade antenna. Background Art

[0002] Airborne antennas are an important part of aircraft communications. They must not only meet the requirements of indicators such as standing waves, gain and radiation patterns within the operating frequency range, but also meet the constraints of the use environment of airborne antennas, such as spatial structure and size restrictions. In addition, there is an increasing demand for using frequency hopping technology to achieve anti-interference communications, which requires airborne antennas to cover as wide a bandwidth as possible under the condition of a smaller volume. Broadband antennas with light weight, compact size and aerodynamic shape that can reduce wind resistance are some important requirements of airborne communication systems. However, traditional airborne antennas generally have larger geometric shapes and narrower frequency bandwidths. To this end, the present application provides a miniaturized, wide-band L-band broadband knife-shaped antenna to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a miniaturized, broadband L-band broadband blade antenna, which achieves full coverage of the L-band while meeting the constraints of the overall size of the aircraft. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] The present application provides an L-band broadband blade antenna, comprising an antenna cover, a metal reflector and a dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate is vertically arranged on the metal reflector, the antenna cover is arranged on the outside of the dielectric substrate and is connected to the metal reflector to form a closed space, and a main radiator and matching branches are covered on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0005] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the center line of the dielectric substrate coincides with the normal center line of the metal reflector, the dielectric substrate has a first edge connected to the metal reflector and a second edge parallel to and opposite to the first edge, and the main radiator includes a radiation patch attached to a surface of one side of the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch has a tapering section in a direction from the second edge to the first edge.

[0006] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, two slots are provided on the edge of the radiation patch close to the second side and are symmetrically distributed with the normal center line of the metal reflector as the axis.

[0007] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the slot width of the slot is 1 mm, and the dielectric substrate is a FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4.

[0008] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the radiation patch includes a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch connected to each other, the first radiation patch is close to the second side, the second radiation patch is close to the first side, the first radiation patch is a rectangular patch, and the second radiation patch is an isosceles trapezoidal patch to achieve that the width of the radiation patch in a direction parallel to the first side decreases in a direction from the second side to the first side.

[0009] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the matching branch is attached to the surface of one side of the dielectric substrate along the first edge, and the matching branch includes a first matching branch and a second matching branch. The first matching branch and the second matching branch both include two rectangular metal patches symmetrically distributed with the normal center line of the metal reflector as the axis.

[0010] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the two rectangular metal patches of the first matching branch and the two rectangular metal patches of the second matching branch have different heights in a direction perpendicular to the metal reflector.

[0011] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, it also includes a coaxial connector that vertically connects the dielectric substrate and the metal reflector, and feeds power through the coaxial connector.

[0012] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, the coaxial connector is a connector with a flange, the impedance is 50Ω, the inner conductor passes through the metal reflector to be connected to the main radiator, and the outer conductor is connected to the metal reflector through the flange.

[0013] For example, in the L-band broadband knife-type antenna provided in one embodiment, the antenna cover is a meander rhombus structure, and the antenna cover includes a cover body and a skirt connected to the bottom of the cover body, the cover body is arranged on the outside of the dielectric substrate, and the skirt is attached to the metal reflector, and corresponding screw mounting holes are arranged around the metal reflector and around the skirt.

[0014] The beneficial effects brought about by an L-band broadband knife-shaped antenna provided in some embodiments of the present application are as follows: the miniaturized, wide-band L-band broadband knife-shaped antenna of the present application realizes impedance adjustment from the coaxial connector to the main radiator by opening slots and two-stage matching branches on the main radiator, thereby achieving wide bandwidth, and achieving full coverage of the L-band while satisfying the constraints of the overall size of the aircraft. At the same time, the gain in the entire matching frequency band is greater than 1dBi, and is greater than 1.5dBi in the entire L-band range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an L-band broadband blade antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the L-band broadband blade-shaped antenna from another angle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna cover provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 The standing wave ratio simulation result of the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 The gain simulation results of the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] The present application provides an L-band broadband blade antenna, which can be applied to the field of airborne communications, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes an antenna cover 100, a metal reflector plate 200, a dielectric substrate 300 and a coaxial connector 600; the dielectric substrate 300 is vertically arranged on the metal reflector plate 200 through the coaxial connector 600, and is fed through the coaxial connector 600, the antenna cover 100 is arranged on the outside of the dielectric substrate 300 and is connected to the metal reflector plate 200 to form a closed space, and the main radiator 400 and the matching branch 500 are covered on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate 300.

[0024] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the center line of the dielectric substrate 300 coincides with the normal center line of the metal reflector 200, the dielectric substrate 300 has a first edge 310 connected to the metal reflector 200 and a second edge 320 parallel to and opposite to the first edge 310, the main radiator 400 includes a radiation patch attached to a surface of one side of the dielectric substrate 300, the radiation patch includes a first radiation patch 410 and a second radiation patch 420 connected to each other, the first radiation patch 410 is close to the second edge 320, the second radiation patch 420 is close to the first edge 310, the first radiation patch 410 is a rectangular patch, and the second radiation patch 420 is an isosceles trapezoidal patch to achieve that the width of the second radiation patch 420 in a direction parallel to the first edge 310 is gradually reduced in a direction from the second edge 320 to the first edge 310, so as to adjust the working bandwidth of the antenna and achieve the purpose of widening the bandwidth.

[0025] Specifically, the first radiation patch 410 is a rectangular patch with a size of 25 mm*32 mm, and the second radiation patch 420 is a trapezoidal patch with a gradient length of 31.5 mm.

[0026] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, two slots 411 are provided on the edge of the first radiation patch 410 close to the second side 320 and are symmetrically distributed with the normal center line of the metal reflection plate 200 as an axis.

[0027] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the slot groove 411 is a rectangular slot with a slot width of 1 mm, and the dielectric substrate 300 is a FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4.

[0028] Specifically, the dielectric substrate 300 adopts a rectangular parallelepiped structure of 40 mm*65 mm*1.6 mm, and is made of FR4 substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.4.

[0029] According to the above embodiment, two symmetrical slots 411 are provided on the edge of the first radiation patch 410 close to the second side 320 , and the current path is enlarged through the rectangular slots, thereby achieving the purpose of widening the bandwidth.

[0030] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the matching branch 500 is attached to the surface of one side of the dielectric substrate 300 along the first edge 310, and the matching branch 500 includes a first matching branch 510 and a second matching branch 520. The first matching branch 510 and the second matching branch 520 both include two rectangular metal patches symmetrically distributed around the normal center line of the metal reflector.

[0031] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-2 As shown, the two rectangular metal patches of the first matching branch 510 and the two rectangular metal patches of the second matching branch 520 have different heights in a direction perpendicular to the metal reflective plate 200 .

[0032] According to the above embodiment, by attaching a two-stage matching branch 500 on the first side 310 of the dielectric substrate 300, and by adjusting the positions and heights of the two rectangular metal patches of the first matching branch 510 and the second matching branch 520, the antenna impedance matching is adjusted, the antenna bandwidth is widened, and the impedance adjustment from the coaxial connector 600 to the main radiator 400 is achieved to achieve a wide bandwidth.

[0033] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-3 As shown, the coaxial connector 600 is a connector with a flange 610 , and has an impedance of 50Ω. The inner conductor passes through the metal reflector 200 to be connected to the main radiator 400 , and the outer conductor is connected to the metal reflector 200 through the flange 610 .

[0034] For example, in the L-band broadband blade antenna provided in one embodiment, Figure 1-3 As shown, the antenna cover 100 is a meander rhombus structure, and is made of a non-metallic material with a dielectric constant of 4 and a loss tangent of 0.015; the antenna cover 100 includes a cover body 110 and a skirt 120 connected to the bottom of the cover body 110, the cover body 110 is arranged on the outside of the dielectric substrate 300, and the skirt 120 is attached to the metal reflector 200, and corresponding screw mounting holes 210 are arranged around the metal reflector 200 and around the skirt 120, and the antenna cover 100 is connected to the metal reflector 200 by screws to form a closed space.

[0035] The simulation results of the standing wave ratio of the L-band broadband blade antenna of this application are as follows: Figure 4 As shown by Figure 4 It can be seen that the L-band broadband blade antenna of the present application achieves VSWR<2 in the frequency band of 0.89~2.16GHz, completely covers the L-band (1~2GHz), fully utilizes the energy of this frequency band, and reduces the energy loss of the entire frequency band.

[0036] The gain simulation results of the L-band broadband blade antenna of this application are as follows Figure 5 As shown by Figure 5 It can be seen that the gain of the L-band broadband blade antenna of the present application is greater than 1dBi in the entire matching frequency band, and greater than 1.5dBi in the entire L-band.

[0037] Although the implementation scheme of the present application has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation modes, and it can be fully applicable to various fields suitable for the present application. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present application is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An L-band broadband blade antenna, characterized in that: It includes an antenna cover, a metal reflector and a dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate is vertically arranged on the metal reflector, the antenna cover is arranged outside the dielectric substrate and connected to the metal reflector to form a closed space, and the main radiator and matching branches are covered on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate.

2. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the dielectric substrate coincides with the normal center line of the metal reflector, the dielectric substrate has a first edge connected to the metal reflector and a second edge parallel to and opposite to the first edge, the main radiator includes a radiation patch attached to a surface of one side of the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch has a tapering section in a direction from the second edge to the first edge.

3. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two slots are arranged on the edge of the radiation patch close to the second side and are symmetrically distributed with the normal center line of the metal reflection plate as the axis.

4. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slot width of the slot is 1 mm, and the dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.

4.

5. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation patch includes a first radiation patch and a second radiation patch connected to each other, the first radiation patch is close to the second side, the second radiation patch is close to the first side, the first radiation patch is a rectangular patch, and the second radiation patch is an isosceles trapezoidal patch so as to achieve a width of the radiation patch in a direction parallel to the first side that gradually decreases in a direction from the second side to the first side.

6. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The matching branches are attached to one side surface of the dielectric substrate along the first edge, and the matching branches include a first matching branch and a second matching branch. The first matching branch and the second matching branch each include two rectangular metal patches symmetrically distributed with the normal center line of the metal reflector as an axis.

7. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two rectangular metal patches of the first matching branch and the two rectangular metal patches of the second matching branch have different heights in a direction perpendicular to the metal reflective plate.

8. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a coaxial connector which vertically connects the dielectric substrate and the metal reflector plate, and feeds power through the coaxial connector.

9. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coaxial connector is a connector with a flange, and the impedance is 50Ω. The inner conductor passes through the metal reflector to be connected to the main radiator, and the outer conductor is connected to the metal reflector through the flange.

10. The L-band broadband blade antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna cover is a meander rhombus structure, comprising a cover body and a skirt connected to the bottom of the cover body, the cover body is arranged on the outside of the dielectric substrate, the skirt is attached to the metal reflector, and corresponding screw mounting holes are arranged around the metal reflector and around the skirt.

Images