Low-delay leaky coaxial cable system based on wide-frequency-band leaky coaxial cable for long and narrow space

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-delay leaky coaxial cable system based on a wide-frequency-band leaky coaxial cable for a long and narrow space. The leaky coaxial cable system comprises a leaky coaxial cable, a temperature and humidity sensor and a control adjusting system. The leakage cable comprises an inner conductor, an insulating layer, an outer conductor and a sheath layer. The inner conductor is used for transmitting high and low frequency signals, and the insulating layer comprises a low-frequency insulating inner layer and a high-frequency insulating outer layer. The outer conductor is arranged outside the insulating layer, and a plurality of leakage grooves used for signal leakage are formed in the outer conductor. And the sheath layer is arranged outside the outer conductor and is used for protecting the leaky coaxial cable. The temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the surface of the leaky coaxial cable and used for detecting the current external environment temperature and humidity of the leaky coaxial cable. The control adjusting system is connected with the temperature and humidity sensor and the filter and is used for calculating the current temperature and humidity of each layer of structure of the leaky coaxial cable according to the current external environment temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor so as to calculate the time delay difference needing to be adjusted by different frequency signals and send the time delay difference to the filter. And the filter is controlled to delay the high-frequency signal or advance the low-frequency signal for time delay compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of leaky cables, and in particular to a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for a narrow and long space. Background Art

[0002] Traditional leaky cable designs are usually optimized for specific frequency bands, which makes their frequency band coverage usually narrow. Especially in the transmission of high-frequency signals, as the signal frequency increases, the materials and structures of existing leaky cables are difficult to meet the low loss and low attenuation requirements of high-frequency signals, thus affecting the effective transmission of broadband signals.

[0003] At the same time, as the signal is transmitted in the leaky cable, the signal delay is inevitably affected by many factors. In high-frequency applications, due to the limitations of the leaky cable structure and materials, the signal delay changes more significantly, resulting in significant delay differences when signals of different frequencies reach the receiving end. Most of the delay compensation solutions in the prior art are static fixed compensation, resulting in unsatisfactory delay compensation effects, and the stability and accuracy of the delay compensation solutions are difficult to guarantee. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for a narrow and long space, which can adapt to the signal transmission requirements of different frequency bands, solve the limitations of traditional leaky cables in frequency band transmission, and improve the application performance of leaky cables in a wide frequency band; at the same time, it can calculate the temperature and humidity influence coefficients of signal delays of different frequencies respectively, and finally calculate the signal delay difference to perform dynamic delay compensation, ensuring that high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals can arrive at the receiving end synchronously, improving the stability and accuracy of signal transmission and the delay compensation accuracy, effectively solving the delay problem of existing leaky cables in temperature and humidity changes and multi-band signal transmission, and enhancing the environmental adaptability and overall performance of the leaky cable system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces is provided, comprising: A wideband leaky cable, the leaky cable comprising: Inner conductor, used to transmit high and low frequency signals; The insulating layer comprises a low-frequency insulating inner layer arranged outside the inner conductor and a high-frequency insulating outer layer arranged outside the low-frequency insulating inner layer; An outer conductor is arranged outside the insulating layer, and a plurality of leakage grooves for signal leakage are opened on the outer conductor; A sheath layer, arranged outside the outer conductor, for protecting the leaky cable; A temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the surface of the leaky cable and is used to detect the current external environment temperature and humidity of the leaky cable; A control and adjustment system is connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the filter. The control and adjustment system is configured to calculate the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable structure according to the current external environment temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, and respectively calculate the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the leaky cable signal delay according to the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable structure, and then calculate the current actual delay of different frequency signals according to the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the leaky cable signal delay, so as to calculate the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for different frequency signals and send the delay difference to the filter, so as to control the filter to delay high-frequency signals or advance low-frequency signals for delay compensation.

[0006] Optionally, a plurality of micro-holes for reducing a sudden change in dielectric constant between the low-frequency insulation inner layer and the high-frequency insulation outer layer are provided on the outer surface of the low-frequency insulation inner layer.

[0007] Optionally, the low-frequency insulation inner layer is made of polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the low-frequency insulation inner layer is 2.3-2.5, and the thickness of the low-frequency insulation inner layer is 1mm-2mm.

[0008] Optionally, the high-frequency insulation outer layer is made of foamed polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the high-frequency insulation outer layer is 1.5-2.3, and the thickness of the high-frequency insulation outer layer is 1mm-3mm.

[0009] Optionally, the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for signals of different frequencies is calculated according to the following formula: : ; ; in, is the current actual delay of signals with different frequencies, is the target delay, is the reference delay of signals of different frequencies, is the temperature influence coefficient, is the humidity influence coefficient, is the coupling correction term.

[0010] Optionally, the temperature influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; in, is the thickness weighting factor of each layer of the leaky cable, is the total number of layers of leaky cable, For leaky cable Linear temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable The quadratic temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable the current temperature of the layer structure, is the base temperature.

[0011] Optionally, the humidity influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; ; in, is the humidity correction factor, For leaky cable The thickness of the layer structure, is the total thickness of the leaky cable, For leaky cable Humidity sensitivity coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable the current humidity of the layer structure, For leaky cable Humidity threshold of the layer structure, is the nonlinear adjustment coefficient.

[0012] Optionally, the coupling correction term is obtained by the following formula: ; ; ; in, For leaky cable The reflection coefficient of the layer structure, is the group velocity of the leaky cable signal, For leaky cable The dielectric constant of the layer structure, For leaky cable The dielectric constant of the layer structure, is the equivalent dielectric constant of the leaky cable as a whole.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by dividing the insulation layer of the traditional leaky cable into two layers, a low-frequency insulation inner layer and a high-frequency insulation outer layer, and optimizing the dielectric constants of the two layers of materials respectively to adapt to the signal transmission requirements of different frequency bands, the limitations of the traditional leaky cable in frequency band transmission are solved, and the application performance of the leaky cable in a wide frequency band is improved; By installing temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the temperature and humidity of the external environment on the surface of the leaky cable, and combining with the control and adjustment system, the temperature and humidity influence coefficients of the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable structure on the signal delay are calculated in real time for signal delays of different frequencies. Finally, the signal delay difference is calculated to perform dynamic delay compensation to ensure that high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals can arrive at the receiving end synchronously, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of signal transmission and the accuracy of delay compensation, effectively solving the delay problem of existing leaky cables in temperature and humidity changes and multi-band signal transmission, and enhancing the environmental adaptability and overall performance of the leaky cable system.

[0014] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a wide-band leaky cable of a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic module diagram of a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for a narrow and long space according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a control method for a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for a narrow and long space according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic flow chart of step S20; In the figure: 1. leaky cable; 11. inner conductor; 12. insulation layer; 121. low-frequency insulation inner layer; 122. high-frequency insulation outer layer; 13. outer conductor; 14. sheath layer; 2. temperature and humidity sensor; 3. control and adjustment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0019] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces as shown in a preferred embodiment of the present application includes a leaky cable 1, a temperature and humidity sensor 2 and a control and adjustment system 3. The leaky cable 1 includes an inner conductor 11, an insulating layer 12, an outer conductor 13 and a sheath layer 14. The inner conductor 11 is used to transmit high and low frequency signals, and the insulating layer 12 includes a low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 arranged outside the inner conductor 11 and a high-frequency insulating outer layer 122 arranged outside the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121. The outer conductor 13 is arranged outside the insulating layer 12, and a plurality of leakage grooves for signal leakage are opened on the outer conductor 13. The sheath layer 14 is arranged outside the outer conductor 13 for protecting the leaky cable 1. The temperature and humidity sensor 2 is arranged on the surface of the leaky cable 1 to detect the current external environmental temperature and humidity of the leaky cable 1. The control and adjustment system 3 is connected to the temperature and humidity sensor 2 and the filter. The control and adjustment system 3 is configured to calculate the current temperature and humidity of each layer structure of the leaky cable 1 according to the current external environment temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 2, and calculate the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1 according to the current temperature and humidity of each layer structure of the leaky cable 1, and then calculate the current actual delay of signals of different frequencies according to the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1, so as to calculate the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for signals of different frequencies and send the delay difference to the filter, so as to control the filter to delay high-frequency signals or advance low-frequency signals for delay compensation.

[0020] According to the solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer 12 of the traditional leaky cable 1 is divided into two layers: a low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 and a high-frequency insulating outer layer 122, and the dielectric constants of the two layers of materials are optimized respectively to adapt to the signal transmission requirements of different frequency bands. This solves the limitations of the traditional leaky cable 1 in frequency band transmission and improves the application performance of the leaky cable 1 in a wide frequency band.

[0021] By installing a temperature and humidity sensor 2 to monitor the temperature and humidity of the external environment on the surface of the leaky cable 1, and combining with the control and adjustment system 3, the temperature and humidity influence coefficients of the current temperature and humidity of each layer structure of the leaky cable 1 on the signal delay are calculated in real time for signal delays of different frequencies, and finally the signal delay difference is calculated to perform dynamic delay compensation to ensure that high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals can arrive at the receiving end synchronously, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of signal transmission and the accuracy of delay compensation, effectively solving the delay problem of the existing leaky cable 1 in temperature and humidity changes and multi-band signal transmission, and enhancing the environmental adaptability and overall performance of the leaky cable system.

[0022] The following is a detailed description with specific embodiments: Specifically, in this embodiment, the high and low frequency signals transmitted by the inner conductor range from 800 MHz to 3600 MHz.

[0023] The outer surface of the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 is provided with a plurality of micropores for reducing the sudden change in the dielectric constant of the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 and the high-frequency insulating outer layer 122. When signals of different frequency bands pass through the leaky cable 1, if there is a large difference in the dielectric constant between the materials of the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 and the high-frequency insulating outer layer 122, the propagation speed of the signal will be suddenly changed, especially at high frequencies, such sudden changes will aggravate signal attenuation and delay differences. By providing micropores on the outer surface of the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121, the change in the dielectric constant between the materials can be smoothed, and the impedance mismatch problem during frequency conversion can be alleviated, thereby improving the transmission effect of the signal, especially during wide-band signal transmission, reducing the signal distortion caused by material sudden changes. In this embodiment, the micropores are evenly covered on the outer surface of the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 in a mesh arrangement, and the diameter of the micropores is 0.3mm-0.7mm to ensure that the effect on the dielectric constant is not too severe, but sufficient to form a smooth transition between the low-frequency insulating inner layer 121 and the high-frequency insulating outer layer 122.

[0024] In this embodiment, the low-frequency insulation inner layer 121 is made of polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the low-frequency insulation inner layer 121 is 2.3-2.5, and the thickness of the low-frequency insulation inner layer 121 is 1mm-2mm. The high-frequency insulation outer layer 122 is made of foamed polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the high-frequency insulation outer layer 122 is 1.5-2.3, and the thickness of the high-frequency insulation outer layer 122 is 1mm-3mm. For the material of the low-frequency insulation inner layer 121, polyethylene is selected because it has a low dielectric constant and good electrical insulation, is suitable for the efficient transmission of low-frequency signals, and helps to reduce the delay of signals. The thickness of the low-frequency insulation inner layer 121 is thin, which can provide sufficient isolation effect and reduce the delay of signal transmission. For the material of the high-frequency insulation outer layer 122, foamed polyethylene is selected because it has lower loss in the transmission of high-frequency signals, and the signal transmission is more stable. At the same time, the thickness setting of the high-frequency insulation outer layer 122 can balance the signal quality and protection performance.

[0025] The signal transmission of the leaky cable 1 is affected by the electromagnetic properties of the material and environmental conditions. In order to ensure that the signal can reach the receiving end synchronously at different frequencies, it is necessary to accurately compensate for the delay of the signal of the leaky cable 1. The present application monitors the temperature and humidity of the leaky cable 1 in real time, calculates the temperature and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1 to compensate for the influence of temperature and humidity changes on the signal delay of the leaky cable 1, and introduces a coupling correction term to correct the reflection coefficient and group velocity change of the signal when it propagates in the leaky cable 1. The influence of the signal delay is corrected for the propagation characteristics of signals of different frequencies (signals of different frequencies will have different propagation speeds and attenuation characteristics when propagating in the leaky cable 1. The use of coupling correction terms can effectively compensate for these differences and ensure that signals of different frequencies can reach the receiving end synchronously), thereby calculating the current actual delay of signals of different frequencies, and then calculating the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for signals of different frequencies. The delay compensation scheme of the present application not only takes into account the influence of environmental factors, but also fully considers the signal distortion caused by the interaction between different structural layers inside the leaky cable 1. While improving the accuracy of delay compensation, it also enhances the adaptability of the leaky cable system to different environmental conditions, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the leaky cable system.

[0026] Specifically, the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for signals of different frequencies is calculated according to the following formula: : ; in, is the current actual delay of signals with different frequencies, is the target delay.

[0027] It should be noted that after selecting the target delay, the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for different frequency signals is calculated based on the difference between the current actual delay of different frequency signals and the target delay, and then the delay difference is sent to the filter to control the filter to delay high-frequency signals or advance low-frequency signals for delay compensation.

[0028] The current actual delay of signals of different frequencies is obtained by the following formula: ; in, is the reference delay of signals of different frequencies, is the temperature influence coefficient, is the humidity influence coefficient, In this embodiment, signals of different frequencies are sent to the leaky cable 1 under a standard environment, and a network analyzer is used to measure the reference delay of each frequency signal.

[0029] Since the material properties of each layer of the leaky cable 1 are different, their impact on the signal delay is also different. Therefore, the present application calculates the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable 1 by collecting the current external environment temperature and humidity, and calculates the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1 respectively based on this, so as to perform more precise delay compensation according to the material properties of each layer of the structure, and avoid the problem of inaccurate overall correction compensation of the leaky cable 1 delay.

[0030] Specifically, the temperature influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; in, is the thickness weighting factor of each layer of the leaky cable 1, For leaky cable 1 Linear temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 The quadratic temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 the current temperature of the layer structure, is the reference temperature, is the total number of layers of leaky cable 1. Considering that the influence of temperature on signal delay is not only a linear change, but also a nonlinear effect of acceleration or deceleration, the introduction of linear terms and quadratic terms in the formula can enhance the adaptability of the formula model to extreme temperature change delay and provide more accurate delay compensation. In this embodiment, the thickness weighting factor For leaky cable 1 The ratio of the thickness of the layer structure to the total thickness of the leaky cable 1. The linear temperature coefficient and quadratic temperature coefficient of the layer structure are set in a temperature control box under different temperature conditions (the humidity is kept at the standard ambient humidity to eliminate the impact of humidity changes), and the current actual delay of the leaky cable 1 at different temperatures is measured using a network analyzer , and obtain in advance and Data, substitute the above data into formula (2) to obtain the temperature influence coefficient at different temperatures , then Substitute the data into formula (3) for fitting and use the least squares method to iteratively solve and It should be noted that, since the temperature and humidity sensor 2 can only collect the current external ambient temperature of the leaky cable 1, it is necessary to combine the heat conduction formula to calculate the current temperature of each layer of the structure inside the leaky cable 1. The heat conduction formula is as follows: ; in, For leaky cable 1 Layer structure distance leaky cable 1st Layer structure outer surface The temperature at For leaky cable 1 The temperature of the outer surface of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 Thermal conductivity of layered materials, For leaky cable 1 First, the temperature distribution of the outermost sheath layer 14 of the leaky cable 1 is obtained by integration (including the temperature of the inner surface of the sheath layer 14, that is, the temperature of the outer surface of the outer conductor 13, and at this time is the temperature of the outer surface of the leaky cable 1 measured by the temperature and humidity sensor), and then the average temperature of the layer is obtained according to the thickness of the layer. The average temperature of each layer inside the leaky cable 1 is obtained by analogy according to the above steps.

[0031] Specifically, the humidity influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; ; in, is the humidity correction factor, For leaky cable 1 The thickness of the layer structure, is the total thickness of the leaky cable 1, For leaky cable 1 Humidity sensitivity coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 the current humidity of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 Humidity threshold of the layer structure, is the nonlinear adjustment coefficient. It needs to be further explained that Represents the direct response amplitude of each layer of structural material to humidity changes (i.e., the change ratio of the dielectric constant of the layer of structural material for each unit increase in humidity). represents the turning point of the effect of humidity change on the dielectric constant of the material layer (that is, when the humidity reaches a certain critical value, the dielectric constant of the material begins to change significantly). Control the rate at which humidity changes the dielectric constant of a material (describes the rapidity of the effect of humidity on the dielectric constant of a material, especially when the humidity is close to the humidity threshold). Through humidity experiments, the dielectric constant changes of each layer of structural material under different humidity conditions are measured and curve fitting is performed. By observing the curve, the dielectric constant of each layer of structural material can be obtained. , , by measuring the slope of the curve before the humidity threshold and calculating the average slope It should be noted that, since the temperature and humidity sensor 2 can only collect the current external environmental humidity of the leaky cable 1, it is necessary to combine the humidity diffusion formula to calculate the current humidity of each layer of the leaky cable 1. The humidity diffusion formula is as follows: ; in, For leaky cable 1 Layer structure distance leaky cable 1st Layer structure outer surface The humidity of the For leaky cable 1 The temperature of the outer surface of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 The humidity diffusion coefficient of the layer structure material (measured by a standard humidity diffusion tester). First, the humidity distribution of the outermost sheath layer 14 of the leaky cable 1 is obtained by integration (including the humidity on the inner surface of the sheath layer 14, that is, the humidity on the outer surface of the outer conductor 13, and at this time is the humidity measured by the temperature and humidity sensor on the outer surface of the leaky cable 1), and then the average humidity of the layer is obtained according to the thickness of the layer. The average humidity of each layer inside the leaky cable 1 can be obtained by analogy according to the above steps.

[0032] The coupling correction term is obtained by the following formula: ; ; ; in, For leaky cable 1 The reflection coefficient of the layer structure, is the group velocity of the leaky cable 1 signal, For leaky cable 1 The dielectric constant of the layer structure, For leaky cable 1 The dielectric constant of the layer structure, is the equivalent dielectric constant of the entire leaky cable 1. It should be noted that the group velocity represents the propagation speed of the signal during the propagation process, while the equivalent dielectric constant represents the comprehensive electromagnetic properties of the entire structure of the leaky cable 1, which is calculated by weighted average of the dielectric constants of each layer of structural material.

[0033] See also Figure 3 The present application also provides a control method for a low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for a narrow and long space, comprising the following steps: Step S10: collecting the current external environment temperature and humidity of the leaky cable 1; Step S20: Calculate the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for signals of different frequencies according to the current external environment temperature and humidity, and control the filter to delay high-frequency signals or advance low-frequency signals to perform delay compensation.

[0034] See also Figure 4 , the step S20 comprises the following steps: Step S201: Calculate the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable 1 according to the current external environment temperature and humidity; Step S202: Calculate the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1 according to the current temperature and humidity of each layer structure of the leaky cable 1; Step S203: Calculate the current actual delays of signals of different frequencies according to the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the signal delay of the leaky cable 1, and calculate the delay differences that need to be adjusted for the signals of different frequencies.

[0035] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0036] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces, characterized in that: include: A wideband leaky cable, the leaky cable comprising: Inner conductor, used to transmit high and low frequency signals; The insulating layer comprises a low-frequency insulating inner layer arranged outside the inner conductor and a high-frequency insulating outer layer arranged outside the low-frequency insulating inner layer; An outer conductor is arranged outside the insulating layer, and a plurality of leakage grooves for signal leakage are opened on the outer conductor; A sheath layer, arranged outside the outer conductor, for protecting the leaky cable; A temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the surface of the leaky cable and is used to detect the current external environment temperature and humidity of the leaky cable; A control and adjustment system is connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the filter. The control and adjustment system is configured to calculate the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable structure according to the current external environment temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity sensor, and respectively calculate the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the leaky cable signal delay according to the current temperature and humidity of each layer of the leaky cable structure, and then calculate the current actual delay of different frequency signals according to the temperature influence coefficient and humidity influence coefficient of the leaky cable signal delay, so as to calculate the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for different frequency signals and send the delay difference to the filter, so as to control the filter to delay high-frequency signals or advance low-frequency signals for delay compensation.

2. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of micro-holes for reducing the sudden change in dielectric constant between the low-frequency insulating inner layer and the high-frequency insulating outer layer are provided on the outer surface of the low-frequency insulating inner layer.

3. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The low-frequency insulation inner layer is made of polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the low-frequency insulation inner layer is 2.3-2.5, and the thickness of the low-frequency insulation inner layer is 1mm-2mm.

4. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-frequency insulating outer layer is made of foamed polyethylene material, the dielectric constant of the high-frequency insulating outer layer is 1.5-2.3, and the thickness of the high-frequency insulating outer layer is 1mm-3mm.

5. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculate the delay difference that needs to be adjusted for different frequency signals according to the following formula: : ； ； in, is the current actual delay of signals with different frequencies, is the target delay, is the reference delay of signals of different frequencies, is the temperature influence coefficient, is the humidity influence coefficient, is the coupling correction term.

6. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ； in, is the thickness weighting factor of each layer of the leaky cable, is the total number of layers of leaky cable, For leaky cable Linear temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable The quadratic temperature coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable the current temperature of the layer structure, is the base temperature.

7. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The humidity influence coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ； ； in, is the humidity correction factor, For leaky cable The thickness of the layer structure, is the total thickness of the leaky cable, For leaky cable Humidity sensitivity coefficient of the layer structure, For leaky cable the current humidity of the layer structure, For leaky cable Humidity threshold of the layer structure, is the nonlinear adjustment coefficient.

8. The low-delay leaky cable system based on a wide-band leaky cable for narrow and long spaces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coupling correction term is obtained by the following formula: ； ； ； in, For leaky cable The reflection coefficient of the layer structure, is the group velocity of the leaky cable signal, For leaky cable The dielectric constant of the layer structure, For leaky cable The dielectric constant of the layer structure, is the equivalent dielectric constant of the leaky cable as a whole.

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