A control method and system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter and a device thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a control method and system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter and a device thereof, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic inverters, and comprises the following steps: initializing a target micro photovoltaic inverter; acquiring power grid connection information; acquiring overall operation parameter information according to the power grid connection information; acquiring environmental influence factors, and acquiring control strategy parameters according to the environmental influence factors and the overall operation parameter information; triggering a control instruction according to the control strategy parameters and the overall operation parameter information; acquiring real-time operation state information, comparing the real-time operation state information with corresponding target values in the overall operation parameter information, and judging whether the current operation state is abnormal; if the current operation state is abnormal, triggering an abnormal adjustment instruction, and dynamically adjusting the operation state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy. The application improves the reliability of a power supply system of the micro photovoltaic inverter and improves the operation efficiency of the micro photovoltaic inverter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic inverters, in particular to a control method and system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter and a device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A micro photovoltaic inverter is a device in a photovoltaic power generation system, usually referring to an inverter with a power less than or equal to 1000W and a component-level MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) function. It converts direct current from a single solar cell component into alternating current for household or commercial power grid use. Compared with traditional centralized or string inverters, micro inverters are equipped with an inverter for each photovoltaic panel, so each photovoltaic panel can work independently. This design helps to improve overall efficiency and can avoid various problems caused by centralized inversion, such as shadows, hot spots, etc.

[0003] The control system of the existing micro photovoltaic inverter collects data of each photovoltaic panel through a wireless sensor network and performs unified scheduling through a central processor. Although it achieves parameter detection and control to some extent, it is difficult to quickly respond to changes in power grid conditions, especially in the case of large fluctuations or unstable frequency of the power grid. This can lead to unstable output of the photovoltaic inverter, affecting power supply quality, and there is a defect that the operation efficiency of the micro photovoltaic inverter is low, and there is room for improvement. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the reliability of the power supply system of the micro photovoltaic inverter and improve the operation efficiency of the micro photovoltaic inverter, the present application provides a control method, system and device based on a micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0005] In the first aspect, the application achieves the purpose of the invention by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0006] A control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter, comprising:

[0007] Initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on the obtained peripheral configuration information, software architecture information and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0008] Obtaining power grid connection information; obtaining overall operation parameter information according to the power grid connection information;

[0009] Obtaining environmental influence factors, and obtaining control strategy parameters according to the environmental influence factors and the overall operation parameter information;

[0010] According to the control strategy parameters and the overall operation parameter information, triggering a control instruction to make the target micro photovoltaic inverter convert direct current into alternating current at a specified power and output synchronously with the power grid.

[0011] Acquire real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal;

[0012] If the current operating state is abnormal, an abnormal adjustment instruction is triggered, and the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter is dynamically adjusted based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the peripheral configuration information is the chip peripheral configuration information of the main control chip (such as CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) and CLA (Control Law Accelerator, integrated control law acceleration coprocessor)) configured for the target micro photovoltaic inverter and its multiple peripheral function modules (such as ADC, ePWM, eCAP, COMP, I2C, SCI interface, etc.); the software architecture information refers to the software architecture information of the hardware layer, hardware abstraction layer, driver layer and application layer, etc., and the control task process includes control tasks, interrupt control and control process information; the grid connection information includes grid frequency, voltage effective value, etc., and the overall operation parameter information includes MPPT maximum power point tracking setting, grid control parameters, protection thresholds, etc.; initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter includes initializing the control parameters in each hardware function module and application layer; after initialization is completed, all necessary interrupts and CLA tasks are enabled; then the grid connection information is obtained, and the grid is connected according to the grid. The system obtains the overall operation parameter information based on the grid connection information, wherein the grid connection information includes the grid frequency, the effective value of the voltage, etc., and the overall operation parameter information includes the MPPT maximum power point tracking setting, the grid control parameters, the protection threshold, etc.; then, according to the environmental influencing factors and the overall operation parameter information, the control strategy parameters are obtained, wherein each photovoltaic panel in the micro photovoltaic inverter is equipped with an independent inverter, and the environmental influencing factors include the light intensity, temperature, the shadow obstruction of the photovoltaic panel by foreign objects, etc. The control strategy parameters include the MPPT adjustment parameters corresponding to each photovoltaic panel, the grid current phase synchronization parameters, etc. The environmental influencing factors refer to the influence of external conditions on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; according to the control strategy parameters and the overall operation parameter information, the control instructions are triggered to ensure that the micro photovoltaic inverter can operate efficiently and safely. Through real-time monitoring and efficient exception handling, it is beneficial to take measures quickly based on the preset state adjustment strategy when an abnormality of the micro photovoltaic inverter is detected, so as to avoid the expansion of potential faults and improve the reliability and real-time performance of the power supply system of the micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0014] In a preferred example of the present application, the target micro photovoltaic inverter adopts a dual-core operation mode of a main control processor and a control law acceleration coprocessor, and the main control processor and the control law acceleration coprocessor are divided into dedicated memory spaces for data exchange and transmission; the initialization of the target micro photovoltaic inverter specifically includes:

[0015] Determine the inverter initialization configuration information based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0016] The main control processor sets the main oscillator frequency and the system clock division ratio according to the inverter initialization configuration information; allocates a static RAM area and configures a stack pointer, and loads the startup code into the specified memory storage; the main control processor sets an interrupt vector table, which defines multiple interrupt vectors to respond to different hardware events, and the interrupt vector table includes high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, low-speed timer interrupt and interrupt processing function addresses of preset key events;

[0017] The control law acceleration coprocessor obtains and initializes CLA call variable parameters that cannot be directly called by the main control processor.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the target micro photovoltaic inverter adopts a dual-core operation mode of a main control processor (MCU) and a control law acceleration coprocessor (CLA); this application adopts a dual-core architecture, in which the MCU is responsible for tasks such as system initialization, interrupt management and communication processing, while the CLA focuses on high-speed control algorithms and closed-loop operations related to grid connection, enabling the system to process complex control logic without affecting the overall performance, significantly improving the real-time performance and response speed of the system; specifically, the CLA is specially used to perform tasks that require high precision and fast response, such as phase-locked loop calculation, PWM waveform generation, etc., reducing the workload of the MCU and avoiding delays or errors caused by too many tasks. The data interaction mechanism between the dual cores ensures the security and consistency of information transmission between the two, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dedicated memory space includes a CPU memory space and a CLA memory space, the main control processor has read and write permissions in the CPU memory space, and has write permissions in the CLA memory space; the control law acceleration coprocessor has read permissions in the CPU memory space, and has read and write permissions in the CLA memory space;

[0020] The real-time running state information of the main control processor for data interaction includes each photovoltaic input power, grid-connected control dead zone, grid power power factor, and grid frequency; and the real-time running state information of the control law acceleration coprocessor for data interaction includes grid phase, each PWM control period, duty cycle, and PWM enable flag.

[0021] By adopting the technical solution, the operation permissions of each processor to respective and opposite memory spaces are strictly regulated through memory space division and special mode, data boundary access and potential running errors are effectively prevented, complex application requirements can be supported, the memory division strategy is particularly suitable for application scenarios requiring frequent data exchange, such as photovoltaic input power monitoring, grid phase tracking, and PWM waveform adjustment, so as to better support individual tracking of multiple photovoltaic inputs, make the power generation efficiency of each photovoltaic input reach the highest, and facilitate functions such as MPPT (maximum power point tracking) and electric energy integration operation; meanwhile, the bidirectional data interaction mechanism can also give the control system greater flexibility and scalability. In the future, if new functional modules need to be added or existing algorithms need to be improved, only the corresponding data interaction interface needs to be adjusted, without the need to make large-scale changes to the underlying hardware structure, greatly simplifying the upgrade and maintenance work.

[0022] In a preferred example of the present application: the software architecture information includes a hardware layer, a hardware abstraction layer, and an application layer; the hardware abstraction layer includes an ADC module, an ePWM module, an eCAP module, a COMP module, an I2C interface, an SCI interface, a LIN interface, a Timer module, and a GPIO interface; the method further includes:

[0023] initializing the hardware abstraction layer and setting corresponding parameters to match control strategy parameters, the control strategy including an MPPT algorithm, grid detection, and a phase-locked loop algorithm;

[0024] collecting the grid voltage through the ADC module and calculating the voltage effective value; controlling multiple PWMs through the ePWM module to drive the power conversion circuit of the micro photovoltaic inverter, each two PWM waves being a group, the main PWM wave being single-increment counting, the slave PWM wave being triangular counting, and the phase between the main and slave PWM waves being offset by 180 degrees; capturing the frequency of the alternating current grid voltage through the eCAP module, verifying whether it meets the frequency standard, and initializing the phase-locked loop algorithm, the control law acceleration coprocessor acquiring the phase information of the grid voltage through the phase-locked loop algorithm, so that the inverter output current is in phase with the grid voltage, and zero-impact grid connection is achieved.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the various modules and functions of the hardware abstraction layer are defined in detail, ensuring the effective management and utilization of hardware resources. The initialization settings of the hardware abstraction layer enable the system to flexibly match different control strategy parameters, such as MPPT algorithm, grid detection, phase-locked loop algorithm, etc.; in particular, the PWM waveform control implemented by the ePWM module ensures that the inverter output current and grid voltage are in phase, achieving zero-impact grid connection, and greatly improving the system's grid-connected efficiency and safety.

[0026] In a preferred example of the present application, triggering a control instruction according to the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information specifically includes:

[0027] When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the main control processor executes task scheduling driven by interruption, and the task scheduling driven by interruption includes:

[0028] A high-speed ADC sampling interrupt is triggered when the ADC module completes a round of sampling at a high-speed acquisition cycle; the main control processor performs sampling and filtering on the AD conversion value and determines the flipping of the H-bridge circuit of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; the flipping of the H-bridge circuit is controlled according to the phase of the phase-locked loop output to achieve the zero-voltage closed relay control function;

[0029] The PWM interrupt is triggered when the PWM wave output completes a cycle, and the trigger frequency is within the set frequency range; the main control processor uses a closed-loop controller to control the PWM waveform. The main control processor modifies the PWM wave cycle and duty cycle according to the output results of the closed-loop controller to adjust the output characteristics of the power conversion circuit.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the MCU performs task scheduling through an interrupt-driven approach, ensuring efficient switching and responsiveness between different tasks. For example, the high-speed ADC sampling interrupt allows the system to perform sampling, filtering, and H-bridge circuit flip-over determination at a high frequency of 50kHz, ensuring real-time performance and accuracy. The PWM interrupt modifies the PWM wave period and duty cycle based on the results of the closed-loop controller, adjusting the output characteristics of the power conversion circuit and achieving precise power control. Dynamic adjustment of the PWM waveform by the closed-loop controller ensures efficient operation of the power conversion circuit. Especially in the event of grid frequency fluctuations or load changes, the system can quickly respond and make corresponding adjustments to maintain stable output characteristics.

[0031] In a preferred example of the present application, the triggering of the control instruction according to the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information further includes:

[0032] When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence by using a task switching method of a task list, each task is associated with a priority identifier, and the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence according to the priority of the task;

[0033] The task list includes an initialization task and a high-speed control task for use during initialization; the high-speed control task is associated with a high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, and the interrupt function of the ADC module wakes up simultaneously with the high-speed control task; the high-speed control task uses a phase-locked loop algorithm to obtain a grid phase and sends the grid phase to the main control processor;

[0034] Determining whether the current grid phase is near zero;

[0035] If the current grid voltage is near zero, the latest grid frequency information is obtained from the main control processor, and the basic frequency is updated to the phase-locked loop parameters of the phase-locked loop algorithm, and the PWM wave output is adjusted so that the instantaneous grid-connected power is zero;

[0036] If the current grid voltage is not near zero, a power reference value is obtained from the main control processor, and an instantaneous grid-connected power reference value is obtained according to the current grid phase. The photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are calculated through a closed-loop grid-connected algorithm, and the photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are updated to the main control processor. The main control processor adopts the latest photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters in a new round of ADC sampling.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, CLA executes tasks sequentially using a task list switching method. Each task is associated with a priority identifier and runs in order according to its priority. This method ensures that important tasks are processed promptly, especially in situations requiring rapid response, such as grid voltage zero point detection and PWM waveform adjustment, greatly improving the system's real-time performance and reliability. Furthermore, by determining the grid phase zero point, it determines whether to update the phase-locked loop parameters, photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters, or adjust the PWM waveform output, improving the grid-connected control accuracy of the target micro-PV inverter and optimizing data interaction and real-time control.

[0038] In a preferred example of the present application, the method further includes managing different operating states of the target micro photovoltaic inverter through an inverter state machine, wherein the inverter state machine includes the following states and their conversion logic:

[0039] In the idle state, the micro photovoltaic inverter does not work; when the grid connection is detected, the initialization control parameters jump to the detection component state;

[0040] Detect component status and continuously detect the frequency of the grid connection. When the grid frequency meets the preset frequency standard, initialize the corresponding grid standard and start the phase-locked loop algorithm to jump to the phase-locked status check state;

[0041] Phase-locked state, waiting for the phase-locked loop to complete the locking of the power grid and jump to the operation ready state;

[0042] In the ready-to-run state, the relay is turned on in conjunction with the phase-locked loop at a specific phase of the power grid. After the relay is successfully turned on, the system jumps to the run-to-run state.

[0043] In the run expansion state, the H-bridge drive permission flag is set to allow the flip control of the H-bridge circuit in the high-speed ADC sampling interrupt task, and the system jumps to the normal operation state after the H-bridge runs stably.

[0044] In the normal operating state, the photovoltaic input judgment, MPPT algorithm, electric energy integration operation, and grid effective value calculation are executed. When the environmental influencing factors remain unchanged, the state is maintained. When an abnormal operating state occurs, the system jumps to the first reset state.

[0045] In the first reset state, the abnormality handling process is executed to safely stop the operation of each module of the inverter circuit, and then jump to the second reset state after completion;

[0046] The second reset state detects residual abnormalities after the power circuit of the device is cut off. If there are residual abnormalities that have not been eliminated, polling will continue until the abnormality is eliminated, and then jump back to the idle state.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the different operating states of the target micro photovoltaic inverter are managed through the inverter state machine. By defining a detailed inverter state machine, including idle state, detection component state, phase-locked condition check state, operation ready state, operation start state, normal operation state, first reset state and second reset state, the stable operation of the system under different conditions is ensured; in particular, multiple protection mechanisms are set up for abnormal situations to ensure that it can respond quickly and stop safely when a fault occurs, and then try to resume normal operation, thereby realizing automatic real-time monitoring, process control and adaptive adjustment of the inverter operation state, and improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0048] In the second aspect, the invention objective of this application is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0049] A control system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter, used to execute the control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter as described above, the system comprising:

[0050] An initialization module, configured to initialize the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0051] A grid connection detection module is used to obtain grid connection information; and obtain overall operating parameter information based on the grid connection information;

[0052] An environmental impact assessment module is used to obtain environmental impact factors and obtain control strategy parameters based on the environmental impact factors and the overall operating parameter information;

[0053] a control instruction triggering module, configured to trigger a control instruction based on the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information, so as to cause the target micro photovoltaic inverter to convert direct current into alternating current according to the specified power and output it synchronously with the power grid;

[0054] A real-time status monitoring module is used to obtain real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal;

[0055] The exception handling module is used to trigger an exception adjustment instruction if the current operating state is abnormal, and dynamically adjust the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0056] In a third aspect, the invention objective of this application is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0057] A computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter are implemented.

[0058] Fourthly, the invention objectives of this application are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0059] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0060] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0061] 1. According to the control strategy parameters and overall operation parameter information, trigger control instructions to ensure that the micro photovoltaic inverter can operate efficiently and safely, through real-time monitoring and efficient exception handling mode, which is conducive to taking measures quickly based on the preset state adjustment strategy when detecting the abnormality of the micro photovoltaic inverter, avoiding the expansion of potential faults, and improving the reliability and real-time performance of the micro photovoltaic inverter power supply system;

[0062] 2. By adopting a dual-core architecture, the MCU is responsible for system initialization, interrupt management and communication processing, while the CLA focuses on high-speed control algorithms and closed-loop operations related to grid connection, so that the system can handle complex control logic without affecting overall performance, significantly improving the real-time performance and response speed of the system;

[0063] 3. The different operating states of the target micro photovoltaic inverter are managed by the inverter state machine, which includes idle state, detection component state, phase-locked condition check state, running ready state, running expansion state, normal running state, first reset state and second reset state, ensuring stable operation of the system under different conditions; In particular, multiple protection mechanisms are set for abnormal conditions to ensure rapid response and safe stop in the event of a fault. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 is an inverter state machine state flowchart in a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 is a device schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the present application discloses a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] S1: Based on the obtained peripheral configuration information, software architecture information and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter, initialize the target micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0070] In this embodiment, the peripheral configuration information is the chip peripheral configuration information of the main control chip (such as CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) and CLA (Control Law Accelerator, integrated control law acceleration coprocessor)) configured in the target micro photovoltaic inverter and its multiple peripheral function modules (such as ADC module (analog-to-digital converter), ePWM module (enhanced pulse width modulator), eCAP module (enhanced pulse capture module), COMP module (comparator module), I2C interface, SCI interface, LIN interface, Timer counter, GPIO interface, etc.); the software architecture information refers to the software architecture information of the hardware layer, hardware abstraction layer, driver layer and application layer. The hardware layer includes chip clock configuration, memory allocation and copying, interrupt vector configuration, etc. The core of the CPU chip relies on the configuration of this layer to run); the hardware abstraction layer sets up multiple peripheral functional modules and CLA; the driver layer is the code used to drive the chip's external peripherals, which is divided into EEPROM read and write drivers and AT command drivers for communicating with external wireless modules; the application layer is the embodiment of the control software for a single functional module. The application layer of this application includes power grid detection (including AC power grid frequency detection, voltage RMS detection, power grid voltage peak detection, power grid voltage phase lock and phase detection), photovoltaic input detection, photovoltaic input detection, Bluetooth communication, MQTT communication, HTTP communication, local debugging and ATE testing, photovoltaic grid-connected control, photovoltaic grid-connected control, logging function and LED light control (the color and flashing frequency of the LED light are used to indicate different software operating states, including normal operation, protection triggering, equipment failure, etc.).

[0071] Specifically, the target micro photovoltaic inverter adopts a dual-core operation mode of the main control processor (CPU) and the control law acceleration coprocessor (CLA). The main control processor and the control law acceleration coprocessor are divided into dedicated memory spaces for data exchange and transmission; the dedicated memory space includes the CPU memory space and the CLA memory space. The main control processor has read and write permissions in the CPU memory space and write permissions in the CLA memory space; the control law acceleration coprocessor has read permissions in the CPU memory space and read and write permissions in the CLA memory space; that is, the CLA has no right to modify data in the CPU memory space, and similarly, the CPU has no right to modify data in the CLA memory space. The activation of the two memories is equivalent to opening two one-way transmission windows between the CPU and the CLA. Both parties can read the data transmitted by the other party from this window, but have no right to modify it, thus ensuring the reliability of the data.

[0072] The ADC module collects the grid voltage and calculates the effective value of the voltage. The ePWM module controls multiple PWM channels to drive the power conversion circuit of the micro photovoltaic inverter. Each two PWM waves form a group, with the master PWM counting in single increments and the slave PWM counting in triangular increments. The phase shift between the master and slave PWM waves is 180 degrees. The eCAP module captures the AC grid voltage frequency to verify whether it meets the frequency standard and initializes the phase-locked loop algorithm. The control law acceleration coprocessor obtains the phase information of the grid voltage through the phase-locked loop algorithm, so that the inverter output current is in phase with the grid voltage, achieving zero-impact grid connection.

[0073] Furthermore, the target micro photovoltaic inverter is initialized, specifically including:

[0074] S11: Determine inverter initialization configuration information based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0075] S12: The main control processor sets the main oscillator frequency and system clock division ratio according to the inverter initialization configuration information; allocates the static RAM area and configures the stack pointer, and loads the startup code into the specified memory storage. The main control processor sets the interrupt vector table. The interrupt vector table defines multiple interrupt vectors to respond to different hardware events. The interrupt vector table includes high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, low-speed timer interrupt and interrupt processing function addresses of preset key events.

[0076] Specifically, the designated memory storage includes an internal memory storage and an external memory storage; the interrupt vector table also includes an SCI receiving interrupt, a timer count triggering interrupt, a timer period triggering interrupt, a first PWM wave triggering interrupt and a second PWM wave triggering interrupt.

[0077] S13: The control law acceleration coprocessor obtains and initializes CLA call variable parameters that cannot be directly called by the main control processor.

[0078] Specifically, CLA uses the initialization function of the initialization task to initialize the CLA call variable parameters. The CLA initialization function is only called during initialization; the CPU contains three parts of initialization functions: system initialization function, driver initialization function and application function initialization function. Among them, the system initialization function mainly includes chip clock tree configuration, memory code copy, interrupt vector configuration, etc. The driver initialization function is responsible for configuring the various peripherals of the chip. The application function initialization function mainly initializes the variables, flags, and communication buffer areas in the application layer.

[0079] S2: Obtain grid connection information; obtain overall operating parameter information based on the grid connection information.

[0080] In this embodiment, the grid connection information includes grid voltage, grid frequency, grid phase angle, grid effective value (RMS) and grid connection status; the overall operating parameter information includes the target values ​​required for the micro photovoltaic inverter to operate at high-precision power supply efficiency, including photovoltaic input power (including the DC power output by each photovoltaic panel), grid-connected control dead zone, grid power factor, inverter output current, voltage phase and temperature value.

[0081] Specifically, the ADC module is used to monitor the voltage level of the grid in real time to ensure that it is within the normal operating range (such as single-phase 230V±10%, three-phase 400V±10%). The eCAP module is used to capture the AC grid voltage frequency to verify whether it meets the preset standard (such as 50Hz or 60Hz), and initialize the phase-locked loop (PLL) algorithm. Frequency deviations exceeding the allowable range (usually ±0.5Hz) will also be marked as abnormal. Based on the collected grid voltage data, the effective value (RMS) of the grid voltage is calculated.

[0082] S3: Obtain environmental influencing factors, and obtain control strategy parameters based on the environmental influencing factors and overall operating parameter information.

[0083] In this embodiment, environmental influencing factors include light intensity, temperature, weather conditions, shadows cast by foreign objects blocking sunlight on photovoltaic panels, and other factors involving the impact of external conditions on system performance; the real-time operating status information for data interaction with the main control processor includes the photovoltaic input power of each channel, grid-connected control dead zone, grid power factor, and grid frequency; the real-time operating status information for data interaction with the control law acceleration coprocessor includes the grid phase, each PWM control period, duty cycle, and PWM enable flag.

[0084] Specifically, light intensity monitoring includes using photosensors or the built-in power monitoring function of photovoltaic panels to collect light intensity data in real time. Light intensity directly affects the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels and is one of the important inputs of the MPPT algorithm. According to the changes in light intensity, the parameters of the MPPT algorithm, such as sampling period and step size, are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the photovoltaic panels always operate near the maximum power point; temperature sensors are arranged around key components (such as photovoltaic panels and electronic components inside the inverter) to monitor temperature changes in real time. High temperature may reduce the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels and cause damage to the electronic components inside the inverter; low temperature may affect the performance of certain materials; when the temperature is too high, the output power is appropriately reduced to prevent overheating, and the heat dissipation device (such as a fan) is started to increase the heat dissipation effect.

[0085] For example, the formulation of control strategy parameters includes: adjusting MPPT algorithm parameters (dynamically adjusting MPPT algorithm parameters according to light intensity and temperature changes to ensure that photovoltaic panels always operate in the best condition), setting phase-locked loop (PLL) parameters (adjusting PLL algorithm parameters in a timely manner according to changes in grid frequency and phase angle to ensure that the inverter output current is in phase with the grid voltage), configuring PWM waveform control parameters (adjusting the frequency and duty cycle of the PWM wave according to ambient temperature and load conditions), setting the instantaneous grid-connected power reference value (calculating the instantaneous power reference value based on the current grid phase to ensure that the inverter output current is synchronized with the grid voltage), updating protection mechanism parameters (i.e., adjusting the trigger thresholds of overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and other protection mechanisms according to ambient temperature and humidity conditions) and optimizing the electric energy integration operation parameters (i.e., optimizing according to actual power generation and environmental conditions).

[0086] S4: According to the control strategy parameters and the overall operation parameter information, the control instructions are triggered to enable the target micro photovoltaic inverter to convert DC power into AC power according to the specified power and output it synchronously with the power grid.

[0087] In this embodiment, the control strategy refers to a series of control data used to guide the specific operation control parameters of the micro photovoltaic inverter, such as task control parameters and interrupt control parameters, task list, task priority, etc., which will affect the operating status of the inverter; the control strategy parameters include MPPT (maximum power point tracking) algorithm parameters, phase-locked loop (PLL) algorithm parameters, PWM waveform control parameters, instantaneous grid-connected power reference value, protection mechanism parameters (overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection), electric energy integration operation parameters and H-bridge circuit flip control parameters.

[0088] S5: Acquire real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal.

[0089] In this embodiment, the current operating status includes normal and abnormal; abnormal operating status includes abnormal grid parameters, internal hardware faults and control logic errors; grid parameter abnormalities include: detecting that the grid voltage is higher or lower than the set safety range, the grid frequency deviates from the standard value (such as 50Hz or 60Hz) by more than the allowable deviation (usually ±0.5Hz), and the grid disconnection cannot detect a valid grid connection; internal hardware faults include temperature sensor readings of key components (such as IGBT modules, heat sinks, etc.) exceeding the preset threshold, current overload (inverter output current exceeds the rated value), voltage overvoltage / undervoltage and hardware fault codes, etc.; control logic errors include failure of the phase-locked loop (PLL) to lock, failure of the MPPT algorithm, and failure to execute control instructions.

[0090] S6: If the current operating state is abnormal, an abnormal adjustment instruction is triggered, and the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter is dynamically adjusted based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0091] In this embodiment, the preset state adjustment strategy includes an abnormal state processing flow, and the main control processor is provided with an inverter control machine to perform real-time monitoring of the operating state of the micro photovoltaic inverter and abnormal state processing.

[0092] Specifically, when it is detected that the grid voltage is higher or lower than the set safety range, the protection mechanism will be triggered (immediately disconnecting from the grid) and a fault log will be recorded; if the grid frequency deviates from the standard value by more than the allowable deviation, the phase-locked loop (PLL) parameters will be adjusted, the output power will be reduced, and if the frequency continues to be abnormal, the system will enter protection mode and stop power generation; if no effective grid connection is detected, the island protection will be activated. If an internal hardware fault such as overtemperature occurs, the output power will be reduced, the system will enter low-power mode, and the heat dissipation device will be activated; if a hardware fault code appears, the user will be notified of the specific fault location through the display or communication interface, and the fault code will be displayed, and the operation of the relevant functional module code will be stopped. If the phase-locked loop (PLL) cannot be locked, the PLL parameters will be reset. If the MPPT algorithm fails, the MPPT parameters will be adjusted. If there is no improvement within a certain period of time, the MPPT algorithm will be restarted to try to recover, etc.

[0093] In one embodiment, in step S4, triggering a control instruction based on the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information specifically includes:

[0094] S401: When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the main control processor executes task scheduling driven by interrupts. The task scheduling driven by interrupts includes:

[0095] S4011: High-speed ADC sampling interrupt, triggered when the ADC module completes a round of sampling at a high-speed acquisition cycle; the main control processor performs sampling and filtering on the AD conversion value and determines the flipping of the H-bridge circuit of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; the flipping of the H-bridge circuit is controlled according to the phase of the phase-locked loop output to achieve the zero-voltage closed relay control function.

[0096] S4012: PWM interrupt, triggered when the PWM wave output completes a cycle, and the trigger frequency is within the set frequency range; the main control processor uses the closed-loop controller to control the PWM waveform. The main control processor modifies the PWM wave period and duty cycle according to the output results of the closed-loop controller, and adjusts the output characteristics of the power conversion circuit.

[0097] In this embodiment, PWM interrupts include PWM2 interrupts and PWM4 interrupts, and the frequency range is set between 50kHz and 300kHz. The main control processor (MCU) is configured in interrupt-driven mode and defines multiple interrupt vector table entries for responding to different hardware events. The interrupt vector table contains high-speed ADC sampling interrupts, low-speed timer interrupts, and interrupt processing function addresses for preset key events. The preset key events include AT command interaction processing interrupts - which are provided with SCI reception interrupts, and state machines, power grid detection, and MPPT algorithms - which are provided with timer 1 interrupts and 1ms software timing interrupts - which are provided with timer 2 interrupts. The SCI reception interrupt is triggered after the SCI character is received. The timer 1 interrupt and timer 2 interrupt are triggered by timer count triggering, and are triggered periodically at a trigger frequency of 1kHz.

[0098] In one embodiment, step S4 further includes:

[0099] S411: When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence using a task switching method of a task list. Each task is associated with a priority identifier, and the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence according to the priority of the task.

[0100] Specifically, the task list includes initialization tasks and high-speed control tasks.

[0101] S412: The task list includes an initialization task and a high-speed control task for use during initialization; the high-speed control task is associated with a high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, and the interrupt function of the ADC module is woken up simultaneously with the high-speed control task; the high-speed control task uses a phase-locked loop algorithm to obtain the grid phase and sends the grid phase to the main control processor.

[0102] S413: Determine whether the current grid phase is near zero.

[0103] In this embodiment, since the area near the zero point is a power dead zone, when the grid-connected current and the grid voltage are in phase, the instantaneous grid-connected power should be zero.

[0104] S414: If the current grid voltage is near zero, the latest grid frequency information is obtained from the main control processor, and the basic frequency is updated to the phase-locked loop parameters of the phase-locked loop algorithm, and the PWM wave output is adjusted so that the instantaneous grid-connected power is zero.

[0105] S415: If the current grid voltage is not near zero, a power reference value is obtained from the main control processor, and an instantaneous grid-connected power reference value is obtained according to the current grid phase. The photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are calculated through a closed-loop grid-connected algorithm, and the photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are updated to the main control processor. The main control processor adopts the latest photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters in a new round of ADC sampling.

[0106] In this embodiment, when the control program software is fully operational, up to eight different threads or tasks are executing cyclically. These include a CPU main loop (in the absence of interrupt tasks, the software will cyclically execute within the main loop function, which includes tasks such as communication processing and power scheduling), six CPU interrupt functions (ADC sampling interrupt, PWM2 interrupt, PWM4 interrupt, Timer 1 interrupt, Timer 2 interrupt, and SCI receive interrupt), and one CLA task. The CLA task is Task 1, which contains the high-speed control algorithm related to grid connection and is associated with the ADCINT2 interrupt. In other words, when the ADC completes a sampling cycle at 50kHz, the ADC interrupt function and CLA Task 1 are simultaneously awakened, executed by the CPU core and the CLA core, respectively, effectively improving the real-time performance of closed-loop control.

[0107] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter further includes: managing different operating states of the target micro photovoltaic inverter through an inverter state machine; the inverter state machine includes the following states and their conversion logic:

[0108] In the idle state (also known as the Idle state), the micro photovoltaic inverter does not work; when the grid connection is detected, the initialization control parameters jump to the detection component state;

[0109] Detect component status (also known as CheckGrid status), continuously detecting the frequency of the grid connection. When the grid frequency meets the preset frequency standard, the corresponding grid standard is initialized and the phase-locked loop algorithm is started to jump to the phase-locked status check state;

[0110] Phase-locked state (also called CheckPll state), waiting for the phase-locked loop to complete the locking of the power grid and jump to the ready state;

[0111] The Run Ready state (also known as the RunUnfloding state) is combined with a phase-locked loop to open the relay at a specific phase of the power grid. After the relay is successfully opened, it jumps to the Run Unfolding state;

[0112] In the RunUnfloding state, the H-bridge drive permission flag is set to 1, allowing the flip control of the H-bridge circuit in the high-speed ADC sampling interrupt task, and then jumping to the normal operation state after the H-bridge runs stably.

[0113] Normal operating state (also known as PVInverterActive state) executes photovoltaic input judgment, MPPT algorithm, electric energy integration operation, and grid effective value calculation. When the environmental influencing factors remain unchanged, the state is maintained. When an abnormal operating state occurs, it jumps to the first reset state;

[0114] In the first reset state (also called ResetState1 state), the exception handling process is executed to safely stop the operation of each module of the inverter circuit, and then jump to the second reset state after completion;

[0115] The second reset state (also called ResetState2 state) detects residual abnormalities after the power circuit of the device is cut off. If there are residual abnormalities that have not been eliminated, polling continues until the abnormality is eliminated, and then jumps back to the idle state.

[0116] Specifically, when the second reset state detects that the abnormality has been resolved, the state will jump to the initial Idle state, preparing for the next round of operation. The inverter state machine PVInverterState has different protection detection functions when running in different states. When a protection or shutdown is triggered in a certain state, it will immediately jump to ResetState1 abnormality handling state 1 to ensure safe operation of the micro-inverter.

[0117] In addition, since the inverter state machine runs once every 1ms, it cannot meet the needs of high-speed calculation and judgment. At this time, the inverter state machine will set the corresponding execution flag or pass the necessary parameters to the high-speed interrupt or CLA task, which will complete the high-speed judgment and function execution.

[0118] It should be understood that the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not imply the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0119] In one embodiment, a control system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter is provided. The control system based on the micro photovoltaic inverter corresponds to the control method based on the micro photovoltaic inverter in the above embodiment.

[0120] A control system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter includes an initialization module, a grid connection detection module, an environmental impact assessment module, a control instruction trigger module, a real-time status monitoring module, and an exception handling module. The detailed description of each functional module is as follows:

[0121] An initialization module is used to initialize the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0122] The grid connection detection module is used to obtain grid connection information; based on the grid connection information, it obtains overall operating parameter information;

[0123] Environmental impact assessment module, used to obtain environmental impact factors and obtain control strategy parameters based on environmental impact factors and overall operating parameter information;

[0124] The control instruction trigger module is used to trigger the control instruction based on the control strategy parameters and overall operation parameter information, so that the target micro photovoltaic inverter converts DC power into AC power according to the specified power and outputs it synchronously with the power grid;

[0125] The real-time status monitoring module is used to obtain real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal;

[0126] The exception handling module is used to trigger an exception adjustment instruction if the current operating state is abnormal, and dynamically adjust the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0127] For the specific limitations of the control system based on the micro photovoltaic inverter, please refer to the limitations of a control method based on the micro photovoltaic inverter mentioned above, which will not be repeated here; the various modules in the above-mentioned control system based on the micro photovoltaic inverter can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware and their combination; the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0128] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 3As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface and a database connected by a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium, an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store overall running parameter information, control strategy parameters and control task flow, etc. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with the external terminal through the network connection. The computer program is executed by the processor to realize a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter.

[0129] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the following steps:

[0130] S1: based on the obtained peripheral configuration information, software architecture information and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter, initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0131] S2: obtaining power grid connection information; obtaining overall running parameter information according to the power grid connection information;

[0132] S3: obtaining environmental influence factors, and obtaining control strategy parameters according to the environmental influence factors and the overall running parameter information;

[0133] S4: triggering a control instruction according to the control strategy parameters and the overall running parameter information, so that the target micro photovoltaic inverter converts direct current into alternating current at a specified power and outputs synchronously with the power grid;

[0134] S5: obtaining real-time running state information, comparing the real-time running state information with the corresponding target value in the overall running parameter information, and judging whether the current running state is abnormal;

[0135] S6: if the current running state is abnormal, triggering an abnormal adjustment instruction, and dynamically adjusting the running state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0136] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0137] S1: based on the obtained peripheral configuration information, software architecture information and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter, initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter;

[0138] S2: Obtain grid connection information; obtain overall operating parameter information based on the grid connection information;

[0139] S3: Obtain environmental influencing factors, and obtain control strategy parameters based on the environmental influencing factors and overall operating parameter information;

[0140] S4: Based on the control strategy parameters and overall operating parameter information, trigger the control instructions to enable the target micro photovoltaic inverter to convert DC power into AC power according to the specified power and output it synchronously with the grid;

[0141] S5: Acquire real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal;

[0142] S6: If the current operating state is abnormal, an abnormal adjustment instruction is triggered, and the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter is dynamically adjusted based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the above-described method embodiments. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other media used in the various embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMbus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0144] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the sake of convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0145] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter, characterized in that: include: Initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; Obtain grid connection information; Obtaining overall operating parameter information based on the grid connection information; Acquire environmental influencing factors, and acquire control strategy parameters based on the environmental influencing factors and the overall operating parameter information; triggering control instructions based on the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information, so that the target micro photovoltaic inverter converts direct current into alternating current according to the specified power and outputs it synchronously with the power grid; Acquire real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal; If the current operating state is abnormal, triggering an abnormal adjustment instruction, and dynamically adjusting the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy; The target micro photovoltaic inverter adopts a dual-core operation mode of a main control processor and a control law acceleration coprocessor, and the main control processor and the control law acceleration coprocessor are divided into dedicated memory spaces for data exchange; The triggering of the control instruction according to the control strategy parameters and the overall operation parameter information further includes: When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence by using a task switching method of a task list, each task is associated with a priority identifier, and the control law acceleration coprocessor executes tasks in sequence according to the priority of the task; The task list includes an initialization task and a high-speed control task for use during initialization; the high-speed control task is associated with a high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, and the interrupt function of the ADC module wakes up simultaneously with the high-speed control task; the high-speed control task uses a phase-locked loop algorithm to obtain a grid phase and sends the grid phase to the main control processor; Determine whether the current grid phase is near zero; If the current grid voltage is near zero, the latest grid frequency information is obtained from the main control processor, and the basic frequency is updated to the phase-locked loop parameters of the phase-locked loop algorithm, and the PWM wave output is adjusted so that the instantaneous grid-connected power is zero; If the current grid voltage is not near zero, a power reference value is obtained from the main control processor, and an instantaneous grid-connected power reference value is obtained according to the current grid phase. The photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are calculated through a closed-loop grid-connected algorithm, and the photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters are updated to the main control processor. The main control processor adopts the latest photovoltaic grid-connected control parameters in a new round of ADC sampling.

2. A control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Initializing the target micro photovoltaic inverter specifically includes: Determine the inverter initialization configuration information based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; The main control processor sets the main oscillator frequency and the system clock division ratio according to the inverter initialization configuration information; allocates a static RAM area and configures a stack pointer, and loads the startup code into the specified memory storage; the main control processor sets an interrupt vector table, which defines multiple interrupt vectors to respond to different hardware events, and the interrupt vector table includes high-speed ADC sampling interrupt, low-speed timer interrupt and interrupt processing function addresses of preset key events; The control law acceleration coprocessor obtains and initializes CLA call variable parameters that cannot be directly called by the main control processor.

3. A control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dedicated memory space includes a CPU memory space and a CLA memory space. The main control processor has read and write permissions in the CPU memory space and write permissions in the CLA memory space. The control law acceleration coprocessor has read permissions in the CPU memory space and read and write permissions in the CLA memory space. The real-time operating status information for data interaction of the main control processor includes the photovoltaic input power of each channel, the grid control dead zone, the grid power factor, and the grid frequency; the real-time operating status information for data interaction of the control law acceleration coprocessor includes the grid phase, the PWM control period of each channel, the duty cycle, and the PWM enable flag.

4. A control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The software architecture information includes a hardware layer, a hardware abstraction layer, and an application layer; the hardware abstraction layer includes an ADC module, an ePWM module, an eCAP module, a COMP module, an I2C interface, an SCI interface, a LIN interface, a Timer module, and a GPIO interface. The method further includes: Initializing the hardware abstraction layer and setting corresponding parameters to match control strategy parameters, wherein the control strategy includes MPPT algorithm, grid detection, and phase-locked loop algorithm; The ADC module is used to collect the grid voltage and calculate the effective value of the voltage. The ePWM module is used to control multiple PWM waves to drive the power conversion circuit of the micro photovoltaic inverter. Each two PWM waves form a group, the master PWM wave counts in single increments, and the slave PWM wave counts in triangles. The phases of the master and slave PWM waves are offset by 180 degrees. The eCAP module is used to capture the AC grid voltage frequency, verify whether it meets the frequency standard, and initialize the phase-locked loop algorithm. The control law acceleration coprocessor obtains the phase information of the grid voltage through the phase-locked loop algorithm, so that the inverter output current is in phase with the grid voltage, achieving zero-impact grid connection.

5. The control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information, triggering a control instruction specifically includes: When the target micro photovoltaic inverter is running, the main control processor executes task scheduling driven by interruption, and the task scheduling driven by interruption includes: A high-speed ADC sampling interrupt is triggered when the ADC module completes a round of sampling at a high-speed acquisition cycle; the main control processor performs sampling and filtering on the AD conversion value and determines the flipping of the H-bridge circuit of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; the flipping of the H-bridge circuit is controlled according to the phase of the phase-locked loop output to achieve the zero-voltage closed relay control function; The PWM interrupt is triggered when the PWM wave output completes a cycle, and the trigger frequency is within the set frequency range; the main control processor uses a closed-loop controller to control the PWM waveform. The main control processor modifies the PWM wave cycle and duty cycle according to the output results of the closed-loop controller to adjust the output characteristics of the power conversion circuit.

6. The control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further includes managing different operating states of the target micro photovoltaic inverter through an inverter state machine, wherein the inverter state machine includes the following states and their transition logic: In the idle state, the micro photovoltaic inverter does not work; when the grid connection is detected, the initialization control parameters jump to the detection component state; Detect component status and continuously detect the frequency of the grid connection. When the grid frequency meets the preset frequency standard, initialize the corresponding grid standard and start the phase-locked loop algorithm to jump to the phase-locked status check state; Phase-locked state, waiting for the phase-locked loop to complete the locking of the power grid and jump to the operation ready state; In the ready-to-run state, the relay is turned on in conjunction with the phase-locked loop at a specific phase of the power grid. After the relay is successfully turned on, the system jumps to the run-to-run state. In the run expansion state, the H-bridge drive permission flag is set to allow the flip control of the H-bridge circuit in the high-speed ADC sampling interrupt task, and the system jumps to the normal operation state after the H-bridge runs stably. In the normal operating state, the photovoltaic input judgment, MPPT algorithm, electric energy integration operation, and grid effective value calculation are executed. When the environmental influencing factors remain unchanged, the state is maintained. When an abnormal operating state occurs, the system jumps to the first reset state. In the first reset state, the abnormality handling process is executed to safely stop the operation of each module of the inverter circuit, and then jump to the second reset state after completion; The second reset state detects residual abnormalities after the power circuit of the device is cut off. If there are residual abnormalities that have not been eliminated, polling will continue until the abnormality is eliminated, and then jump back to the idle state.

7. A control system based on a micro photovoltaic inverter, characterized in that: A system for executing a control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the system comprising: An initialization module, configured to initialize the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on the acquired peripheral configuration information, software architecture information, and control task flow of the target micro photovoltaic inverter; A grid connection detection module is used to obtain grid connection information; and obtain overall operating parameter information based on the grid connection information; An environmental impact assessment module is used to obtain environmental impact factors and obtain control strategy parameters based on the environmental impact factors and the overall operating parameter information; a control instruction triggering module, configured to trigger a control instruction based on the control strategy parameters and the overall operating parameter information, so as to cause the target micro photovoltaic inverter to convert direct current into alternating current according to the specified power and output it synchronously with the power grid; A real-time status monitoring module is used to obtain real-time operating status information, compare the real-time operating status information with the corresponding target value in the overall operating parameter information, and determine whether the current operating status is abnormal; The exception handling module is used to trigger an exception adjustment instruction if the current operating state is abnormal, and dynamically adjust the operating state of the target micro photovoltaic inverter based on a preset state adjustment strategy.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the control method based on the micro photovoltaic inverter as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method based on a micro photovoltaic inverter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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