Method and elevator arrangement
By using a computer system to monitor the bending amount of the rope in the lift device, the problem of difficulty in effectively monitoring and maintaining the lift rope in the prior art is solved, and a simple and efficient monitoring method is realized, which improves safety and reduces maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202280099901.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
Smart Images
Figure CN119894798A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a method for monitoring the condition of a rope of an elevator installation and to an elevator installation. The elevator installation is preferably an elevator installation for transporting passengers and / or freight. Background Art
[0002] In an elevator, the rope connected to the elevator car is generally guided by a rope wheel. The rope passes around the rope wheel and bends against its rim. During the travel of the car, the rope connected to the car is constantly passed around the rope wheel. Any part of the rope running around the rope wheel is subjected to bending cycles, including bending into a curved shape and subsequent straightening. The rope can usually withstand hundreds of thousands, even millions of bending cycles without any damage. However, the rope is not allowed to be used before it breaks. The rope needs to be monitored, maintained and replaced with a new one as soon as possible before it breaks to avoid dangerous situations. The amount of bending experienced by different parts of the rope is determined by visual inspection or by an algorithm to determine whether the rope needs to be maintained or replaced. Patent document US9643816B2 discloses a method according to the prior art.
[0003] Generally speaking, the amount of bending experienced by a point of the rope can be determined, for example, by counting or calculating. The amount of bending expressed as a bending value can reflect the actual situation, so if a point of the rope is about to reach a critical amount of bending, it may be displayed. Therefore, the number of bends can be used to infer when to replace the rope with a new one. On the other hand, the counter or computer of the bending amount needs to be simple and not consume too much capacity of the equipment performing the process, such as the processor capacity of the elevator control unit.
[0004] In general, complex elevator installations including multiple rope sheaves and, for example, a 2:1 or 4:1 suspension ratio may require a complex counter / computer. The number of times a given point of the rope experiences bending in each trip depends on the number and position of the rope sheaves relative to the rope and the landings the car travels to in the trip. Different trips will bend different points of the rope, some trips more frequently than others.
[0005] It would be advantageous if there was a simple and minimal method of monitoring the amount of bend in rope locations which may be most critical in terms of the amount of bend they experience during use of the lift. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to introduce an improved method for monitoring the condition of the ropes of an elevator installation and an improved elevator installation. One object is in particular to introduce a solution by which one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and / or the disadvantages discussed or hinted elsewhere in the specification can be alleviated. One object is in particular to introduce a solution in which the operation of the elevator can be ensured simply based on the condition of the ropes.
[0007] Among other things, an embodiment is presented which provides a simple and minimalist method of monitoring the amount of bending at rope locations which may be most critical in terms of the amount of bending they experience during use of the lift. The presented solution also facilitates monitoring using a lightweight computer system.
[0008] A new method for monitoring the condition of a rope of a lift installation is proposed, the lift installation comprising:
[0009] elevator cars;
[0010] at least one rope connected to the elevator car;
[0011] Multiple landings; and
[0012] a plurality of rope wheels around which the ropes are passed; and
[0013] a computer system for monitoring the condition of the rope;
[0014] The method includes:
[0015] During use of the elevator, the amount of bending of each discretized point and / or each discretized portion about the rope pulley is monitored by the computer system, the amount of bending of each discretized point and / or each discretized portion being indicated by a bending value associated with the discretized point and / or discretized portion in question;
[0016] wherein each of said discretized points is a point within a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact locations of the rope, and each of said discretized portions is respectively a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact locations of the rope; and
[0017] The contact position of the rope includes, according to the position of the rope at each landing, the position of the rope contacted by the rope wheel when the car is at the landing.
[0018] Utilizing the novel method, one or more of the above-mentioned objectives may be facilitated.
[0019] Preferred additional details of the method are described below, which may be combined with the method alone or in any combination. The additional details further facilitate one or more of the above-mentioned objects.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises,
[0021] Determining the contact position of the rope includes: determining the position of the rope contacted by the rope wheel when the car is at the landing according to the position of the rope at each landing; and
[0022] Discretized points or discretized portions of the rope are determined such that each discretized point is a point within a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact positions, or each discretized portion is a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact positions, respectively.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment the contact positions are determined [or considered] in particular such that there is only one contact position per contact length between the rope and the rope wheel.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring includes:
[0025] comparing each bending value with at least one limit value, in particular by means of a computer system for monitoring the condition of the rope; and
[0026] If any of the bending values meets a limit value, one or more actions are performed, in particular by a computer system for monitoring the condition of the rope.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises associating each said discretization point or discretization portion (determined in said determining step) with a different memory location in a memory for storing the bending value of the discretization point or discretization portion, respectively.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring comprises counting or calculating the bending value for each discretization point and / or each discretization portion.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, counting is performed during use of the elevator, for example continuously, and / or counting is performed intermittently or after a period of use of the elevator, for example based on stored elevator travel data.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, counting or calculating the bending value includes increasing the bending value in the memory location associated with the discretization point or the discretization portion by a value, preferably 1, each time the discretization point or the discretization portion, respectively, passes around or has passed around the rope wheel during the car journey from one landing to another.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises determining for each car trip which discretization points or discretization portions, respectively, bypass or have bypassed the rope pulley and / or the memory location at which the value is to be increased during the car trip in question.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, for each car trip, determining the memory location to which the value will be increased comprises retrieving information from a database, such as a table, indicating the memory location to which the value will be increased for the trip in question. The database then preferably comprises information indicating the memory location to which the value will be increased for each possible trip change.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, for each car trip, determining which discretized points or discretized portions, respectively, bypass or have bypassed the rope wheel during the car trip in question is performed by calculation. The result of this determination can provide a memory location at which the value will be increased as described above.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the contact position and / or the discretized points are presented and / or processed as values representing the distance of the contact position and / or the discretized points along the rope length from a rope reference position, which is preferably the end point of the rope or the first contact point from the end point of the rope.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, each of said discretization points is within a central third of the rope portion extending between consecutive contact locations, most preferably within the midpoint of that portion.
[0036] In a preferred embodiment, determining the discretization points or discretization parts of the rope includes arranging the values of the contact positions in order of size, and selecting the value of each discretization point so that the selected value is between the values of consecutive contact positions, or selecting the value range of each discretization part respectively so that the range is between the values of consecutive contact positions.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the hoisting ropes are connected to the car via one or more rope sheaves mounted on the car.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the multiple rope wheels include one or more rope wheels mounted on the counterweight, one or more rope wheels mounted in a fixed position, preferably including a drive wheel, and one or more rope wheels mounted on the car, and the ropes are preferably passed around them in this order.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system includes one or more processors, such as microprocessors.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment the computer system is integrated with an elevator control unit comprised in the arrangement, or alternatively the computer system may be remote from the elevator control unit, in which case it is preferably connected to the control unit via a data transmission network or a data transmission bus.
[0041] A new lifting device is also proposed, comprising:
[0042] elevator cars;
[0043] at least one rope connected to the elevator car;
[0044] Multiple landings; and
[0045] a plurality of rope wheels around which the ropes are passed; and
[0046] A computer system for monitoring the condition of a rope, the computer system comprising a memory having a plurality of memory locations for storing bending values of discretized points or discretized portions (p1-p15), wherein each of the memory locations has been associated with a discretized portion or discretized point, wherein the computer system is configured to:
[0047] monitoring, during use of the elevator, the amount of bending of each discretization point and / or each discretization section about the rope pulley, the amount of bending of each discretization point and / or each discretization section being indicated by a bending value associated with the discretization point and / or discretization section in question;
[0048] wherein each of said discretized points is a point within a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact locations of the rope, and each of said discretized portions is respectively a portion of the rope extending between consecutive contact locations of the rope; and
[0049] The contact position of the rope includes, according to the position of the rope at each landing, the position of the rope contacted by the rope wheel when the car is at the landing.
[0050] By means of the novel arrangement, one or more of the above-mentioned objectives may be facilitated.
[0051] Preferred additional details of the device are introduced below, and these details have been introduced above, and these additional details can be combined with the device alone or in any combination. The additional details further facilitate one or more of the above-mentioned purposes.
[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system is configured to:
[0053] comparing each bend value to at least one limit value; and
[0054] If any of the bend values meets the limit value, one or more actions are performed.
[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system is configured to count or calculate the bending value for each discretization point and / or each discretization portion.
[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system is configured to perform said counting during use of the elevator, e.g. continuously, and / or to perform said calculation intermittently or after a period of use of the elevator, e.g. based on stored elevator travel data.
[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system is configured to perform said counting and / or calculation by a computer program stored in a memory and running in said computer system.
[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system, in particular by means of a computer program, is configured such that, during the journey of the car from one landing to another, each time the discretized point or the discretized portion respectively passes around or has passed around the rope wheel, the bending value in the memory location associated with the discretized point or the discretized portion is increased by a value, which is preferably 1.
[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the computer system, in particular by means of a computer program, is configured to determine for each car trip which discretized points or discretized portions, respectively, bypass or have bypassed the rope wheel during the car trip in question and / or determine a memory location at which this value is to be increased.
[0060] Generally speaking, the car preferably comprises an interior space in which passengers and / or cargo can be transported. The car preferably also comprises one or more doors through which the interior can be opened and closed. The doors are preferably automatic doors, whereby the lift solution can provide comfortable and safe lift use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0061] In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0062] Figure 1 An elevator installation according to one embodiment is illustrated, which elevator installation implements a method according to one embodiment, wherein the car is at a landing 3a.
[0063] Figure 2 Picture shows Figure 1 An elevator device in which the car is at landing 3b.
[0064] Figure 3 Picture shows Figure 1 An elevator device in which the car is at landing 3c.
[0065] Figure 4 Picture shows Figure 1 An elevator device in which the car is at landing 3d.
[0066] Figure 5 The figure shows the numerical value Figure 1 A table of contact positions for a lift device of the type shown in FIG. 1 , the contact positions being expressed as distances from a reference position of the rope along the rope length.
[0067] Figure 6 Illustration showing Figure 5 A table of discretized points between consecutive contact locations.
[0068] Figure 7 a shows the situation when the car is at landing 3a and Figure 1 The position at which the rope wheel contacts the rope when positioned is shown, and the position of the contact position A1-D1 along the rope length from a rope reference position.
[0069] Figure 7 b shows the situation when the car is at landing 3b and Figure 2 The position at which the rope wheel contacts the rope when positioned is shown, and the position of the contact position A2-D2 along the rope length from a rope reference position.
[0070] Figure 7 c shows the situation when the car is at landing 3c and Figure 3 The position at which the rope wheel contacts the rope when positioned is shown, and the position of the contact position A3-D3 along the rope length from the rope reference position.
[0071] Figure 7 d shows the situation when the car is at landing 3d and Figure 4 The position at which the rope wheel contacts the rope when positioned is shown, and the position of the contact positions A4-D4 along the rope length from the rope reference position.
[0072] Figure 7 e illustrates the rope and its contact positions, as well as the discretized points along the rope length from the rope reference position.
[0073] Figure 8 Examples of the bending amount at different discretization points and the actual bending amount at different points of the rope and the bending amount at the contact position are schematically illustrated for comparing different ways of monitoring the bending amount.
[0074] Fig. 9 As shown by the oblique dotted line, when the car travels from landing 3b to landing 3c, that is, when Figure 2 and Figure 3 Between the car positions shown, each rope pulley has rotated from and to along the rope.
[0075] Fig.10 The diagram shows Fig. 9 The amount of curvature of each discretized point in each trip of the analyzed car from landing 3b to 3c. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0076] Figure 1An elevator device 100 according to an embodiment implementing a method according to an embodiment is illustrated. The elevator device 100 comprises an elevator car 1, at least one rope 2 connected to the elevator car 1, and a plurality of landings 3a-3d. The elevator car 1 can be driven vertically to be positioned at any one of the landings 3a-3d. Figure 1 In the elevator device 100, there are four landings 3a-3d. The elevator device 100 can have more or less landings than shown. When at the landing 3a-3d, the car sill is flush with the sill of the landing. The elevator device 100 includes a plurality of rope wheels A, B, C, D, and each of the at least one rope 2 passes around these rope wheels. During the use of the elevator device 100, that is, during its use for transporting passengers and / or goods, the elevator car 1 travels vertically between the landings. During the travel of the car, each of the ropes 2 connected to the car 1 continuously runs around the rope wheels A, B, C, D. Any part of the rope 2 running around the rope wheels undergoes bending, also known as a bending cycle, which involves bending into a curved shape and subsequent straightening.
[0077] The elevator device 100 comprises a computer system 4 for monitoring the condition of each of the ropes 2. Figure 1 As shown, the computer system 4 may be integrated with the elevator control unit 10 included in the device 100, or alternatively, the computer system 4 may be remote from the elevator control unit 10, in which case it is preferably connected to the control unit 10 via a data transmission network or a data transmission bus. In the case where the computer system 4 is remote, it may be located, for example, somewhere else outside the building in which the elevator car 1 is operating. Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned control unit 10 is preferably connected to the motor 11 for the driving wheel B of the rotating device 100, whereby the control unit 10 can control the rotation of the motor 11, thereby also controlling the rotation of the driving wheel B, thereby also controlling the movement of the rope 2. The control unit 10 is preferably configured to control the movement of the car 1 between landings by controlling the rotation of the motor 11 based on signals received from one or more landings 3a-3d and / or one or more user interfaces inside the car 1.
[0078] Figure 1The diagram shows an elevator car 1 at a landing 3a, which is the lowest landing. Position A1 of the rope 2 (hereinafter referred to as contact position A1) is in contact with rope wheel A, which in the illustrated case is a rope wheel mounted on the counterweight 6. Position B1 of the rope 2 (hereinafter referred to as contact position B1) is contacted by rope wheel B, which in the illustrated case is a drive wheel fixedly mounted relative to the building in which the car 1 is arranged to travel. Position C1 of the rope 2 (hereinafter referred to as contact position C1) is in contact with rope wheel C, which in the illustrated case is a first rope wheel mounted on the car 1. The drive wheel B can be rotated by the motor 11 included in the device 100. Position D1 of the rope 2 (hereinafter referred to as contact position D1) is in contact with rope wheel D, which in the illustrated case is a second rope wheel mounted on the car 1. Contact positions A1-D1 are Figure 7 In a, a straight-line rope 2 is shown, and in Figure 5 The contact positions A1 - D1 are presented in numerical form as distances along the rope length from a rope reference position, which in this case is the contact position A1 .
[0079] Figure 2 The figure shows the elevator car 1 at the landing 3b and the contact position A2-D2 contacted by the rope pulley AD. Figure 7 In b, a rope 2 in a straight shape is shown, and in Figure 5 The contact positions A2-D2 are illustrated in numerical form in FIG. 1 , expressed as a distance L from the aforementioned rope reference position along the rope length.
[0080] Figure 3 The figure shows the elevator car 1 at the landing 3c and the contact position A3-D3 contacted by the rope pulley AD. Figure 7 c shows a straight-line rope 2, and Figure 5 The contact positions A3-D3 are presented in numerical form in FIG. 1 , which are expressed as a distance L from the aforementioned rope reference position along the rope length.
[0081] Figure 4 The figure shows the elevator car 1 at the landing 3d and the contact position A4-D4 contacted by the rope pulley AD. Figure 7 d shows a rope 2 in a straight line shape, and in Figure 5 The contact positions A4-D4 are presented in numerical form as a distance L along the rope length from the aforementioned rope reference position.
[0082] Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 e illustrates all contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4, which are arranged at their distance L from the aforementioned reference position. Thus, these figures show the position of the rope 2 for each landing 3a-3d, which is contacted by the rope pulley AD when the car 1 is at the landing 3a-3d.
[0083] Figure 6 and Figure 7 e also shows discretized points Dp1-Dp15, wherein each of said discretized points Dp1-Dp15 is a point within the rope portion p1-p15 extending between consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4. Here, consecutive contact positions are contact positions that are adjacent to each other in said order of magnitude of their distances L from the aforementioned reference position. The aforementioned rope portions p1-p15 are at Figure 7 The rope sections p1-p15 are also referred to as discretization sections.
[0084] An embodiment of a method of monitoring the condition of a rope 2 of an elevator installation 100 comprises monitoring by a computer system 4 the amount of bending of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 [or alternatively each discretized portion p1-p15] about rope wheels A, B, C, D during use of the elevator.
[0085] The discretization points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretization parts P1-p15] are here carefully selected from an infinite number of possible points [or respectively parts], with the aim that the discretization points represent the most critical positions of the rope 2, where the bending amount to be monitored is the most relevant and critical. The number of discretization points / parts is advantageously relatively small, so that the method can be kept simple and light.
[0086] In the following, the solution using discretization points has been described by a number of examples.As an alternative to monitoring the bending amount of the points, ie the discretization points, in the method, the bending of a larger rope portion, ie the discretization portion, of the rope may alternatively be monitored.
[0087] As described above, here, each of the discrete points Dp1-Dp15 is a point within the rope portion p1-p15 extending between the continuous contact positions of the rope A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4, and the contact position of the rope 2 includes, according to the position of the rope 2 at each landing 3a-3d: the position of the rope contacted by the rope wheel AD when the car 1 is at the landing 3a-3d.
[0088] The amount of curvature of each discretization point Dp1-Dp15 is indicated by a curvature value associated with the discretization point Dp1-Dp15 [or discretization portion P1-p15, respectively] in question. Therefore, in the method, the amount of curvature in each discretization point Dp1-Dp15 is monitored, such as Figure 7 shown.
[0089] Therefore, points Dp1-Dp15 are considered to be critical points that should be monitored for bending. The reason is that they may be the most critical points of the rope 2 in terms of the amount of bending they experience during use of the elevator. That is, one of these points may be the point in the entire rope 2 that experiences the most bending. Figure 8 The bends of the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 are shown to be equal to the actual bend curve. The method using only 15 discretized points yields that the discretized point Dp11 experiences the maximum amount of bend, and the indicated value corresponds to Figure 8 The actual amount is shown by the solid line in the figure. Here, the simple method has correctly indicated the maximum amount of bending and the point where it is experienced.
[0090] Elsewhere in this application, different ways of generating the bending values of the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 have been described. In the simplest way, the bending value can be a cumulative value generated by counting the bending of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15. There are a number of different known methods to calculate the bending of a point or part of a rope. This can be done simply by counting the number of times the checked point meets the edge of the rope wheel.
[0091] The method comprises, in particular, before monitoring by the computer system 4 the amount of bending of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretized portion around the rope wheels A, B, C, D during use of the elevator:
[0092] Determining the contact position A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 of the rope 2 includes: determining the position of the rope contacted by the rope wheels A, B, C, D when the car 1 is at the landing 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d according to the position A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 of the rope 2 at each landing 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d; and
[0093] Determine the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 of the rope [or the discretized parts p1-p15 of the rope 2, respectively] so that each discretized point is at the consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4 points within the rope portion P1-p15 extending between [or each discretized portion p1-p15 is respectively a rope portion extending between consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4].
[0094] The contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 are determined so that there is only one contact position on each contact length between the rope and the rope wheel. Advantageously and simply, even if there is a certain contact length between the rope 2 and each rope wheel AD, the contact length is relatively short, for example, the rope length is tens or hundreds of meters, so each contact position can be processed point-wise in the method.
[0095] In general, the contact position and / or the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 are preferably presented and / or processed as values representing the distance L of the contact position and / or the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 from a rope reference position along the rope length, wherein the rope reference position is preferably the end point of the rope or the first contact point from the end point of the rope.
[0096] The contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 of the rope 2 can be determined by driving the car to each landing (such as Figure 1-4 This can also be done theoretically by calculation, since all the dimensions of the lift are known. For example, Figure 1In the case of a 2:1 elevator device, the contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 of the rope 2 can be determined by calculation based on the known distances between the landings (3a-3b=2.56m, 3a-3c=8.52m, 3a-3d=12.18m) and the known distances between the car rope wheels and the known suspension ratio. Figure 1 In the case of a lift device, for example the contact position can be calculated as follows:
[0097] L dpcwt = x × Travel rope wheel A (1)
[0098] L tr =2x×Travel+L 1cwt Rope pulley B (2)
[0099] L ap1car =(x+1)×Travel+L 1cwt +L 1car Rope pulley C (3)
[0100] L dp2car =(x+1)×Travel+L 1cwt +L 1car +L p1car Rope pulley D (4)
[0101] In equations 1-4, X represents the relative car position when at the landing (0, 0.21, 0.70 or 1). In equation (2), the factor 2 comes from the 2:1 lifting ratio in the example elevator. The contact position values thus obtained can be placed on a table.
[0102] The table below shows an example of how the distance L of the position along the rope length where the rope wheel makes contact from a rope reference position, which in this case is the contact position A1 , can be collected.
[0103]
[0104] Then, if Figure 5 As shown, the collected contact locations can be rearranged in order of size.
[0105] Determining the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 of the rope respectively [or determining the discretized parts P1-p15 of the rope respectively] includes arranging the values of the contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 in the order of the distances L of the contact positions A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4 from the reference position. For example, the order is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Thereafter, the method comprises selecting the value of each discretization point Dp1-Dp15 so that it is between the values of the consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4; or selecting a range of values for each discretization portion p1-p15, respectively, so that if an alternative embodiment is applied, the range is between the values of the consecutive contact positions. Determining the discretization points Dp1-Dp15 or discretization portions p1-p15 of the rope 2 preferably comprises storing the value of each discretization point Dp1-Dp15 [or the value range, respectively] in a memory location.
[0106] Preferably, each of said discretization points Dp1-Dp15 is determined such that it is within the central third of the rope portion p1-p15 extending between the consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4, most preferably within the midpoint of the portion p1-p15, as Figure 6 As shown, each of the discretization points Dp; Dp1-Dp15 is located halfway between consecutive contact positions.
[0107] The aforementioned monitoring of the bending amount of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretized portion around the rope wheels A, B, C, D by the computer system 4 during use of the elevator preferably comprises:
[0108] comparing each bending value with at least one limit value, in particular by means of a computer system 4 for monitoring the condition of the rope 2; and
[0109] If any of the bending values meets a limit value, one or more actions are performed, in particular by a computer system 4 for monitoring the condition of the rope.
[0110] This is Figure 8, where the dashed line represents the limit value. When the bending value meets the limit value, this triggers the one or more actions, which is advantageous because this can be used as an alarm. The actions can be appropriately selected, and one or more actions preferably include generating an alarm signal.
[0111] In order to facilitate the storage of the bending values of specific discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or the discretized parts P1-p15, respectively], the method particularly includes associating each of the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or the discretized parts P1-p15, respectively] with a different memory location in the memory before the bending amount is monitored by the computer system 4, for storing the bending values of the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or the discretized parts, respectively].
[0112] The monitoring preferably comprises counting or calculating the bending value for each discretization point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretization section. The counting is preferably performed during the use of the elevator, for example continuously. Thus, the monitoring can react quickly according to the current situation and the latest bending amount. The calculation is preferably performed intermittently or after the elevator has been used for a period of time, for example based on stored elevator travel data. The calculation provides the option of using the method in an elevator device that is already in use, as long as its travel is stored or available in some way. Therefore, the method can also be used in elevators that have been in use for a period of time.
[0113] Preferably, counting or calculating the bending value comprises increasing the bending value in the memory location associated with the discretization point Dp1-Dp15 [or the discretization portion, respectively] by a value, preferably 1, each time the discretization point Dp1-Dp15 or the discretization portion, respectively, bypasses or has bypassed the rope wheel during the car journey from one landing to another.
[0114] When it is not necessary to distinguish the bending of the rope wheels, an increase value of 1 is preferred, but if there are rope wheels at which the rope is bent with a relatively small diameter, it may be appropriate to give more weight in the method of bending at these rope wheels. This can be easily achieved so that during the car journey from one landing to another, the increase is greater than 1 whenever the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 or the discretized portions, respectively, bypass or have bypassed such small diameter rope wheels. Therefore, this solution can take into account the differences in bending diameters. Correspondingly, a small weight can be given to rope wheels at which the rope is bent with a relatively large diameter. If such rope wheels are present, during the car journey from one landing to another, the increase is preferably less than 1 whenever the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or the discretized portions, respectively] bypass or have bypassed such large diameter rope wheels. Therefore, it is further facilitated to take into account the bending diameter.
[0115] Generally speaking, the increase may be performed at any suitable time before, during or after the trip in question. Where the bending values are counted, for example continuously, during use of the lift, most preferably each increase associated with a trip is performed before starting a trip after the trip in question.
[0116] The method preferably comprises determining for each car trip which discretization points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretization parts P1-p15] bypass or have bypassed the rope pulley and / or the memory location whose value is to be increased during the car trip in question. This determination can be performed in alternative ways, examples of which are described below.
[0117] In a first embodiment of a simple type, for each car trip, determining the memory location to which the value will be increased comprises retrieving information from a database, such as a table, indicating the memory location to which the value will be increased for the trip in question. The database then preferably comprises information indicating the memory location, the value of which will be increased for each possible trip change. Thus, for each trip change, there may be a predefined set of memory locations which will be increased at each occurrence of the trip, i.e., which discretized points experience bending during the trip. The trip change comprises the trip from the landing to the other landings per landing. For example, for landing 3a, the trip change is 3a->3b, 3a->3c, 3a->3d, while for landing 3b, the trip change is 3b->3a, 3b->3c, 3b->3d, for landing 3c, the trip change is 3c->3a, 3c->3b, 3c->d, and for landing 4, the trip change is 3d->3a, 3d->3b, 3d->3c. This provides a simple solution that can be easily processed by a computer system. The members of the set of memory locations which are to be incremented each time a particular change in travel occurs, ie which discretized points in the travel experience a bend, may be determined by calculation.
[0118] In a second embodiment, which is more complex but well suited for elevators with an arbitrary number of landings, for each car trip, determining which discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretized portions P1-p15] bypass or have bypassed the rope wheel during the car trip in question comprises calculating which discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretized portions P1-p15] bypass or have bypassed the rope wheel during the car trip in question. This calculation can be performed, for example, as described below with respect to the trip.
[0119] 1. The starting point and end point of the trip are known.
[0120] 2. When at the starting landing, the wheel position is calculated by putting x_start in equation 1-4, which is 0, 0.21, 0.70 or 1.0, depending on which landing the trip starts from. The result is L_dpcwt_start, L_tr_start, L_dp1car_start and L_dp2car_start.
[0121] 3. When at the terminal landing, the wheel position is calculated by substituting x_end into equation 1-4, which is 0, 0.21, 0.70 or 1.0, depending on the destination landing of the trip. The result is L_dpcwt_end, L_tr_end, L_dp1car_end and L_dp2car_end.
[0122] 4. Compare each discretized point with the calculated wheel position. The case of Dp11 is shown below:
[0123] -If min(L_dpcwt_start, L_dpcwt_end)<=L_Dp11<=max(L_dpcwt_start, L_dpcwt_end), then N(Dp11)+=1
[0124] - If min(L_tr_start, L_tr_end)<=L_Dp11<=max(L_tr_start, L_tr_end), then N(Dp11)+=1
[0125] - If min(L_dp1car_start, L_dp1car_end)<=L_Dp11<=max(L_dp1car_start, L_dp1car_end), then N(Dp11)+=1
[0126] - If min(L_dp2car_start, L_dp2car_end)<=L_Dp11<=max(L_dp2car_start, L_dp2car_end), then N(Dp11)+=1
[0127] The minimum and maximum operators used above stipulate that these equations are valid even when the wheel position (L) at the starting landing is greater than the ending landing. Therefore, these equations are valid in both driving directions.
[0128] Fig. 9 The diagram corresponds to Figure 7Figures a), b) and c) of parts b), c) and e) are similar to those of Figures a), b) and c) but with dotted lines showing from where and to where the rope wheels A, B, C, D have rotated along the rope 2 when the journey is from platform 3b to platform 3c. Figure 1 The elevator is suspended in a 2:1 ratio and the landings are not at a constant distance from each other, which complicates the system. As can be seen, due to this ratio, traction sheave B has rotated along rope 2 a longer distance than the other rope sheaves. Traction sheave B has rotated Dp4, Dp5, Dp6, Dp7 and Dp8. Rope sheave A has rotated Dp3 and Dp4. Rope sheave C has rotated Dp10 and Dp11. Rope sheave D has rotated Dp11, Dp12 and Dp13. This has been Fig.10 Such a table is easy to create for each trip change and can provide information indicating the memory location whose value is to be increased for the trip in question (trip 3b->3c in this case). The table is easy to create based on the schematic diagram, such as Fig. 9 As shown. Fig. 9 In FIG. 1 , the discretized points [or respectively the discretized parts] that experience bending in the stroke in question are circled once at each bend.
[0129] In general, the method preferably, although not necessarily, comprises providing an estimate of when the rope needs to be repaired or replaced, presented as an estimated remaining time until the event in question or an estimated moment of the event in question. This preferably comprises calculating the difference between the amount of bending of the discretized points or sections, respectively having the maximum amount of bending, and a bending limit value, such as the maximum allowable amount of bending of a single point or section of the rope, and calculating an estimate of when the amount of bending of the discretized points or sections, respectively, reaches the limit value, based on the growth rate of the amount of bending of the discretized points or sections, respectively. The method preferably also comprises presenting a signal indicating such an estimate in a user interface based on said calculation, thereby informing the user of the estimate. In this way, a user of the interface, such as a lift maintenance person, can foresee and prepare for the event.
[0130] In the following, we will explain in further detail Figure 1The elevator device 100 comprises an elevator car 1, at least one rope 2 connected to the elevator car 1, a plurality of landings 3, and a plurality of rope wheels A, B, C, D around which the rope 2 is wound, and a computer system 4 for monitoring the condition of the rope 2, the computer system 4 comprising a memory having a plurality of memory locations for storing bending values of discretized points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretized parts P1-p15], wherein each of the memory locations has been associated with a discretized point Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretized parts P1-p15]. The computer system 4 is configured to monitor the amount of bending of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretized portion p1-p15 around the rope wheels A, B, C, D during use of the elevator, the amount of bending of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretized portion p1-p15 being indicated by a bending value associated with the discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or discretized portion p1-p15 in question. Each of the discretized points Dp1-Dp15 is a point within a rope portion p1-p15 extending between consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4, and each of the discretized portions p1-p15 is respectively a rope portion P1-p15 extending between the consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4. The contact positions A1-D4 of the ropes include the positions of the ropes 2 at each landing 3a-3d, which are contacted by the rope wheels AD when the car 1 is at the landing 3a-3d. The computer system 4 is configured to compare each bending value with at least one limit value; and if any of the bending values meets the limit value, perform one or more actions. The computer system 4 is configured to count or calculate the bending value of each discretized point Dp1-Dp15 and / or each discretized portion p1-p15.
[0131] The computer system 4 is configured to perform said counting during use of the elevator, for example continuously, or to perform said calculation intermittently or at least after a period of use of the elevator, for example based on stored elevator travel data.
[0132] The computer system 4 is configured to perform said counting and / or calculation by means of a computer program stored in a memory and running in said computer system 4. The computer system 4, in particular by means of a computer program, is configured to: during a car journey from one landing to another, whenever said discretized point Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively the discretized portion P1-p15] passes or has passed around the rope wheels A, B, C, D, increase the bending value in the memory location associated with the discretized point Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively the discretized portion P1-p15] by a value, which is preferably 1.
[0133] The computer system 4 is configured, in particular by means of a computer program, to determine for each car trip which discretization points Dp1-Dp15 [or respectively discretization portions P1-p15] respectively bypass the rope wheels A, B, C, D and / or the memory location at which the value is to be increased during the car trip in question. The computer system 4 is preferably configured to perform these steps as previously described in the context of the method.
[0134] As mentioned above, Figure 8 An example of the amount of bending of different discretization points Dp1 - Dp15 is schematically illustrated, in particular for a lift device 100 that has been in use for some time. Figure 8 The bending amount at the contact position is also shown for comparison. It can be seen that the bending amount at the contact position is generally lower than the bending amount at the discretization point and also lower than the actual bending amount. Therefore, it can be inferred that the discretization point determined as described above is critical for monitoring and indicating whether a certain point of the rope is about to reach a critical bending amount. Figure 8 The bulk of the bending caused by each rope wheel AD is also distinguished by each discretization point.
[0135] In general, in order to cater for very different elevator installations, in some elevator installations it is advantageous to consider a pair of very closely positioned rope wheels instead of one rope wheel. For example, if the elevator installation happens to have two rope wheels that are very close to each other, such as so close that their rims are less than 1 meter apart, it is an alternative to consider the two rope wheels as just one rope wheel in the method (and the device implementing the method), which simplifies the method monitoring. In this case, the bending around such a pair of rope wheels produces an increase greater than 1, such as preferably 2. In such cases, the contact position can also be considered as a point, in particular a single point, within the contact length between the rope and the rope wheel, and the rope span extending between the rope and the rim of the rope wheel.
[0136] Generally speaking, the elevator device 100 can include more than one rope 2 arranged in parallel to pass along the same route and form a rope system. In this case, each rope 2 is preferably monitored in a similar manner. In the present application, each individual rope of monitoring the at least one rope 2 is described.
[0137] Generally speaking, as shown in the figures, the suspension ratio of the car 4 and the counterweight 5 may be 2: 1. However, alternatively, some other suspension ratio may be used, such as 1: 1 or 4: 1, or any combination of the mentioned suspension ratios.
[0138] It should be understood that the above description and accompanying drawings are only intended to teach the best way to manufacture and use the present invention known to the inventor. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the concept of the present invention can be implemented in various ways. As those skilled in the art understand according to the above teachings, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention can therefore be modified or changed without departing from the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention and its embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned examples, but can be changed within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for monitoring the condition of a rope of an elevator device (100), the elevator device (100) comprising: Elevator car (1); at least one rope (2) connected to the elevator car (1); A plurality of landings (3); and a plurality of rope wheels (A, B, C, D) around which the rope (2) is passed; as well as a computer system (4) for monitoring the condition of the rope (2); The method comprises: monitoring, by the computer system (4), the amount of bending of each discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretized portion around the rope pulley (A, B, C, D) during use of the elevator, the amount of bending of each discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretized portion being indicated by a bending value associated with the discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or the discretized portion in question; wherein each of the discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) is a point within a rope portion (p1-p15) extending between successive contact locations (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4) of the rope (2), and each of the discrete portions (p1-p15) is respectively a portion of the rope (p1-p15) extending between successive contact positions (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4) of the rope (2); and The contact position (A1-D4) of the rope includes, for each landing (3a-3d), the position of the rope (2) contacted by the rope wheel (AD) when the car (1) is at the landing (3a-3d).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: Determining the contact position (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4) of the rope (2) comprises: determining, for each landing (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d), the position (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, C4, D1, D2, D3 and D4) of the rope (2) contacted by the rope pulley (A, B, C, D) when the car (1) is at the landing (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d); and Determine the discretization points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretization parts (p1-p15) of the rope (2) so that each discretization point is between the consecutive contact positions (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4) A point within a rope portion (p1-p15) extending between the contact positions, or each discretized portion (p1-p15) is a rope portion extending between consecutive contact positions (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4).
3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring comprises: comparing each bending value with at least one limit value, in particular by means of said computer system (4) for monitoring the condition of the rope; as well as If any of the bending values meets a limit value, one or more actions are performed, in particular by a computer system (4) for monitoring the condition of the rope.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises associating a different memory location in a memory with each of the discretization points (Dp1-Dp15) or the discretization parts (p1-p15), respectively, the memory being used to store the bending values of the discretization points (Dp1-Dp15) or the discretization parts.
5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring comprises counting or calculating the bending value of each discretization point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretization portion.
6. Method according to claim 5, wherein the counting is performed during use of the elevator, for example continuously, and / or the calculation is performed intermittently or after a period of use of the elevator, for example based on stored elevator travel data.
7. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the method, in particular counting or calculating the bending values, comprises: During the car journey from one landing to another, each time a discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) or a discretized portion (p1-p15) respectively bypasses or has bypassed a rope wheel, the bending value in the memory position associated with the discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) or the discretized portion (p1-p15) is increased by a value, which is preferably 1.
8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises: For each car trip, determine which discretization points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretization portions (p1-p15) respectively bypass or have bypassed the rope wheel during the car trip in question and / or determine for each car trip the memory location at which the value is to be increased.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein for each car trip, determining the memory location at which the value is to be incremented comprises: Information indicating the memory location to which the value is to be increased for the trip in question is retrieved from a database, such as a table, the database preferably comprising information indicating the memory location to which the value is to be increased for each possible trip variation.
10. A method according to claim 8, wherein for each car trip, determining which discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretized portions (p1-p15) bypass or have bypassed the rope wheels (A, B, C, D), respectively, during the car trip in question is performed by calculation.
11. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the contact position and / or the discretization point (Dp1-Dp15) is presented and / or processed as a value representing the distance (L) of the contact position and / or the discretization point (Dp1-Dp15) from a rope reference position along the rope length, the rope reference position preferably being the end point of the rope or the first contact point from the end point of the rope.
12. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the discretization points (Dp1-Dp15) is located at a continuous contact position (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; C4, D4), most preferably within the central third of said rope portion extending between C3, D4; C4, D4), most preferably within said mid-point of said portion.
13. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein determining the discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretized portions (p1-p15) of the rope comprises arranging the values of the contact positions in order of magnitude and selecting the value of each discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) such that the selected value is at consecutive contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4, or select the value range of each discretized part (p1-p15) respectively, so that the range is between the continuous contact positions A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; Between the values of C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4.
14. An elevator device (100), comprising: Elevator car (1); at least one rope (2) connected to the elevator car (1); A plurality of landings (3); and a plurality of rope wheels (A, B, C, D) around which the rope (2) is passed; and A computer system (4) for monitoring the condition of the rope (2), the computer system (4) comprising a memory having a plurality of memory locations for storing bending values of discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretized portions (p1-p15), wherein each of the memory locations has been associated with a discretized portion (p1-p15) or a discretized point (Dp1-Dp15), wherein the computer system (4) is configured to: monitoring, during use of the lift, the amount of bending of each discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretized portion (p1-p15) around the rope pulley (A, B, C, D), said amount of bending of each discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretized portion (p1-p15) being indicated by a bending value associated with said discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or said discretized portion (p1-p15) in question; Each of the discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) is a continuous contact position (A1, B1; B1, A2; A2, B2; B2, A3; A3, A4; A4, C1; C1, D1; D1, B3; B3, C2; C2, D2; D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4), and each of the discretized portions (p1-p15) is a point within a rope portion (p1-p15) extending between the rope (2 ... D2, C3; C3, B4; B4, D3; D3, C4; C4, D4); and The contact position (A1-D4) of the rope includes, for each landing (3a-3d), the position of the rope (2) contacted by the rope wheel (AD) when the car (1) is at the landing (3a-3d).
15. An elevator device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4) is configured to comparing each bend value to at least one limit value; and If any of the bend values meets a limit value, one or more actions are performed.
16. Lift device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4) is configured to count or calculate bending values for each discretization point (Dp1-Dp15) and / or each discretization portion (p1-p15).
17. An elevator device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4) is configured to: perform the counting during the use of the elevator, for example continuously, and / or perform the calculation intermittently or after a period of use of the elevator, for example based on stored elevator travel data.
18. Elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4) is configured to perform the counting and / or calculation by means of a computer program stored in the memory and running in the computer system (4).
19. An elevator device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4), in particular through the computer program, is configured to: during the car journey from one landing to another, whenever a discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) or a discretized part (p1-p15) respectively bypasses or has bypassed a rope wheel (A, B, C, D), the bending value in the memory position associated with the discretized point (Dp1-Dp15) or the discretized part (p1-p15) is increased by a value, and the value is preferably 1.
20. An elevator device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer system (4), in particular by means of a computer program, is configured to: for each car journey, determine which discretized points (Dp1-Dp15) or discretized portions (p1-p15) respectively bypass or have bypassed the rope wheels (A, B, C, D) and / or the memory positions at which the values are to be increased during the car journey in question.
21. The elevator apparatus or method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of rope wheels (A, B, C, D) comprises: One or more rope wheels (A) mounted on a counterweight, one or more rope wheels (B) mounted in a fixed position, preferably including a drive wheel (B), and one or more rope wheels (C, D) mounted on the car (1), and the rope (2) is preferably passed around them in this order.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Method and device for determining the replacement state of wear of a support means of an elevator
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