Purple perilla planting method

Abstract

The invention provides a purple perilla planting method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting. The purple perilla planting method comprises the following steps of soil preparation and fertilization, wherein a sandy loam land parcel which is deep in soil layer, loose and fertile, high in terrain and good in drainage is selected; ploughing, raking and leveling are conducted, and 2000-3000 kg of improvement fertilizer is applied per mu; the improved fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: farmyard manure, herba houttuyniae powder, pyrethrum, radix sophorae flavescentis, linseed oil, peanut cakes and monopotassium phosphate; breeding: selecting high-yield, high-volatile-oil-content and perillene-type purple perilla single plants, bagging, selfing for 2-4 generations to obtain strains with stable and consistent shapes, and selecting seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage; seed pretreatment: mixing the obtained seeds with a disinfectant, and soaking at 30-40 DEG C for 3-5 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; seedling raising, field management and harvesting. The yield of the obtained purple perilla is increased, the disease and pest incidence rate is remarkably reduced, and the content of perillene is remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting, and in particular to a perilla planting method. Background Art

[0002] Perilla is also known as Guiren, Baisu, Chisu, etc. It is an annual herbaceous plant of the Lamiaceae family. It has a unique fragrance, and the leaves are mostly wrinkled and curled. The intact ones are oval when flattened, 4 to 11 cm long, 2.5 to 9 cm wide, with long pointed or acute tips, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped bases, serrated edges, purple on both sides or green on the upper side, and many concave glandular scales on the lower surface. The petiole is 2 to 5 cm long, purple or purple-green, and crisp. The young branches are purple-green, with pith in the middle of the cross section, and the smell is fresh and fragrant, and the taste is slightly spicy.

[0003] Perilla is a traditional crop in my country that can be used as medicine, food and oil. Perilla stems, leaves and seeds are traditional Chinese medicines. Perilla leaves are a delicious condiment widely used in Zhanjiang and Wuchuan areas in southern China. People often use its leaves to cook, and its deliciousness is often compared with that of Trichosanthes kirilowii. The oil yield of perilla is as high as 45-55%, and unsaturated fatty acids account for more than 90% of the total oil, of which the content of d-linolenic acid is as high as 50-70%. α-linolenic acid is an important essential fatty acid for the human body. α-linolenic acid is the mother of the w-3 series of highly unsaturated fatty acids. It can be converted into DHA (brain gold), EPA (vascular scavenger), and DPA (brain protection expert) through metabolism in the body. It has the health benefits of promoting brain development, improving memory, intelligence and vision, regulating immunity, lowering cholesterol and blood lipids, delaying aging, and protecting the liver, preventing cancer, preventing allergies and comprehensive nutrition. Perilla leaves also contain a natural organic compound, perillaene; perillaene has a unique aroma and chemical structure, is a powerful antioxidant, and also has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antibacterial, anti-tumor, liver protection and other functions. It plays an important role in improving physical health and preventing diseases.

[0004] Perilla has strong adaptability, mild living conditions and good plantability. The current market demand for perilla is relatively large. Currently, perilla planting is widely distributed. While pursuing yield, the quality is greatly reduced, resulting in shoddy production, inability to exert the medicinal properties of perilla, and difficulty in meeting the demand for perilla. In view of the high economic and medicinal value of perilla, there is an urgent need for a method to increase the yield of perilla while improving the medicinal properties and the content of beneficial ingredients of perilla to realize the medicinal and economic value of perilla.

[0005] Chinese patent CN110036840A discloses a method for growing selenium-rich perilla, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Preparation of selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer; (2) Application period; (3) Foliar spraying. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention solves the key technical problem of selenium enrichment in perilla by spraying selenium micro-fertilizer on the leaves, and increases the selenium content of perilla from about 0.05 mg / kg to 3.27 mg / kg. However, the problem of low perilla yield is not solved.

[0007] Chinese patent CN106576875A provides a method for planting and cultivating perilla seedlings, and the operation steps are as follows: 1) site selection: select sunny sandy loam land and plow it; 2) fertilization: add fertilizer to the plowed land and plow it twice; 3) irrigation: dig a gully with a width of 10 cm and a height of 3 cm on the side of the land after the second plowing, and irrigate it with water for 2-3 days; 4) sowing: dig a planting pit on the land between the gullies, add seeds in the planting pit, and then cover it with soil, and the thickness of the soil is 1-2 cm; 5) secondary fertilization: irrigate and fertilize the side of the planting pit after covering the soil with farmyard manure; 6) seedling transplantation: when the budding grows to 3-5 cm, transplant the seedlings, and there are 1500-1700 plants evenly distributed per mu. It can further promote the growth of perilla faster. Although the growth time is shortened, there is no effective improvement in the yield and quality of perilla.

[0008] In summary, most of the perilla planting methods in the prior art have the disadvantages of low perilla yield, pesticide residues, poor product quality, etc. Therefore, developing a perilla planting method that can increase perilla yield, improve its quality, and meet people's needs is the research focus of researchers in this field. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a perilla planting method. Through breeding, seed pretreatment and optimization of improved fertilizer, the perilla yield is increased, the incidence of diseases and insect pests is significantly reduced, and the perillaene content is significantly increased.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for growing perilla, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0013] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2000-3000 kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer contains the following raw materials: farmyard manure, houttuynia powder, pyrethrum, sophora flavescens, linseed oil, peanut cake and potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0014] S2: Breeding

[0015] Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla-ene-type perilla individual plants, bag them and self-pollinate them for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage;

[0016] S3: Seed pretreatment

[0017] The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a disinfectant and soaked at 30-40° C. for 3-5 hours to obtain pretreated seeds;

[0018] S4: Seedling cultivation

[0019] The pretreated seeds are mixed with the seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30cm×50cm, covered with soil, and watered immediately after sowing. Seedlings will emerge in 5-7 days;

[0020] S5: Field management

[0021] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing;

[0022] ② Topdressing: apply 800-1200kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0023] ③Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 8-12% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0024] S6: Harvest

[0025] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0026] Preferably, in S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0027] 60-120 parts of farmyard manure, 10-20 parts of houttuynia powder, 30-40 parts of pyrethrum, 5-15 parts of sophora flavescens, 1-10 parts of linseed oil, 30-40 parts of peanut cake and 10-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0028] Further preferably, in S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0029] 60-100 parts of farmyard manure, 10-15 parts of houttuynia powder, 30-35 parts of pyrethrum, 5-10 parts of sophora flavescens, 5-10 parts of linseed oil, 35-40 parts of peanut cake and 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0030] More preferably, in S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0031] 70 parts of farmyard manure, 12 parts of houttuynia powder, 34 parts of pyrethrum, 6 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 38 parts of peanut cakes and 14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0032] Preferably, in S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials: Chinese herbal medicine extract, allicin, tea tree oil, sodium stearoyl lactylate, ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30% and water;

[0033] Further preferably, in S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials, measured in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 1-10 parts of allicin, 1-10 parts of tea tree oil, 5-12 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 15-25 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 100-140 parts of water.

[0034] More preferably, in S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials, measured in parts by mass: 25-30 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 5-10 parts of allicin, 5-10 parts of tea tree oil, 6-12 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 15-20 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 100-130 parts of water.

[0035] Further preferably, in S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials, measured in parts by mass: 28 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 8 parts of allicin, 6 parts of tea tree oil, 10 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 18 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 120 parts of water.

[0036] Preferably, in S3, the solid-liquid ratio of the seeds to the disinfectant is 1:10-20 g / mL, and further preferably, in S3, the solid-liquid ratio of the seeds to the disinfectant is 1:12-18 g / mL.

[0037] Preferably, the Chinese medicine extract is an extract of honeysuckle, dandelion and schisandra chinensis.

[0038] Preferably, the Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-18 parts of honeysuckle, 20-30 parts of dandelions and 15-25 parts of Schisandra chinensis.

[0039] Further preferably, the Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 8-15 parts of honeysuckle, 22-28 parts of dandelions and 15-20 parts of Schisandra chinensis.

[0040] More preferably, the Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 12 parts of honeysuckle, 24 parts of dandelions and 16 parts of Schisandra chinensis.

[0041] Preferably, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is: after the honeysuckle, dandelion and schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0042] Preferably, in S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of nutmeg, 8-15 parts of coltsfoot, 1-10 parts of plant lactobacillus, 1-10 parts of lysine, 1-8 parts of phenylalanine, 1-10 parts of phosphatase and 1-3 parts of glycosidase.

[0043] Further preferably, in S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-22 parts of nutmeg, 10-15 parts of coltsfoot, 1-5 parts of plant lactobacillus, 3-8 parts of lysine, 1-5 parts of phenylalanine, 3-8 parts of phosphatase and 1-2 parts of glycosidase.

[0044] More preferably, in S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 18 parts of nutmeg, 12 parts of coltsfoot, 3 parts of plant lactobacillus, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 6 parts of phosphatase and 1 part of glycosidase.

[0045] Preferably, in S4, the mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:2-4; further preferably, in S4, the mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The invention discloses a perilla planting method. Through breeding, seed pretreatment, optimization of seed dressing agent and optimization of improved fertilizer, the perilla yield is increased, the incidence of diseases and insect pests is significantly reduced, and the perilla ene content is significantly increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a picture of the perilla grown in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purpose and effect of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all. Based on the embodiments in the implementation mode, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It is worth noting that the raw materials used in the present invention are all common commercial products, and their sources are not specifically limited. The technology and scientific terms used in the embodiments have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A method for planting perilla comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0053] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2000kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer, calculated by weight, contains the following raw materials:

[0054] 70 parts of farmyard manure, 12 parts of houttuynia powder, 34 parts of pyrethrum, 6 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 38 parts of peanut cakes and 14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0055] S2: Breeding

[0056] Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla frutescens type single plants (variety "YD-1"), bag and self-pollinate for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage;

[0057] S3: Seed pretreatment

[0058] The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a disinfectant and soaked at 30°C for 5 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials by weight: 28 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 8 parts of allicin, 6 parts of tea tree oil, 10 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 18 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 120 parts of water. The solid-liquid ratio of seeds to disinfectant is 1:15 g / mL.

[0059] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 12 parts of honeysuckle, 24 parts of dandelion and 16 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0060] S4: Seedling cultivation

[0061] The pretreated seeds are mixed with a seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30 cm×50 cm, covered with soil, watered immediately after sowing, and seedlings emerge in 5-7 days; the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 18 parts of nutmeg, 12 parts of coltsfoot, 3 parts of plant lactobacillus, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 6 parts of phosphatase and 1 part of glycosidase. The mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0062] S5: Field management

[0063] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing;

[0064] ② Topdressing: apply 800kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0065] ③ Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 10% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0066] S6: Harvest

[0067] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A method for planting perilla comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0071] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2500kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer, calculated by weight, contains the following raw materials:

[0072] 120 parts of farmyard manure, 10 parts of houttuynia powder, 30 parts of pyrethrum, 5 parts of sophora flavescens, 5 parts of linseed oil, 40 parts of peanut cakes and 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0073] S2: Breeding

[0074] Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla frutescens type single plants (variety "YD-1"), bag and self-pollinate for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage;

[0075] S3: Seed pretreatment

[0076] The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a disinfectant and soaked at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 1 part of allicin, 1 part of tea tree oil, 12 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 15 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 100 parts of water. The solid-liquid ratio of seeds to disinfectant is 1:15 g / mL.

[0077] The preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 5 parts of honeysuckle, 28 parts of dandelion and 15 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0078] S4: Seedling cultivation

[0079] The pretreated seeds are mixed with a seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30 cm×50 cm, covered with soil, watered immediately after sowing, and seedlings emerge in 5-7 days; the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts of nutmeg, 8 parts of coltsfoot, 5 parts of plant lactobacillus, 8 parts of lysine, 1 part of phenylalanine, 8 parts of phosphatase and 2 parts of glycosidase. The mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0080] S5: Field management

[0081] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closure;

[0082] ② Topdressing: apply 1000kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0083] ③ Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 10% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0084] S6: Harvest

[0085] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] A method for planting perilla comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0089] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 3000kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer, calculated by weight, contains the following raw materials:

[0090] 60 parts of farmyard manure, 20 parts of houttuynia powder, 40 parts of pyrethrum, 15 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 30 parts of peanut cakes and 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0091] S2: Breeding

[0092] Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla frutescens type single plants (variety "YD-1"), bag and self-pollinate for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage;

[0093] S3: Seed pretreatment

[0094] The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a disinfectant and soaked at 35°C for 4 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 10 parts of allicin, 10 parts of tea tree oil, 5 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 25 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 140 parts of water.

[0095] The liquid ratio of seeds to disinfectant is 1:15 g / mL.

[0096] The preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 18 parts of honeysuckle, 20 parts of dandelion and 25 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0097] S4: Seedling cultivation

[0098] The pretreated seeds are mixed with a seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30 cm×50 cm, covered with soil, watered immediately after sowing, and seedlings emerge in 5-7 days; the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts of nutmeg, 8 parts of coltsfoot, 5 parts of plant lactobacillus, 8 parts of lysine, 1 part of phenylalanine, 8 parts of phosphatase and 2 parts of glycosidase. The mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0099] S5: Field management

[0100] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing;

[0101] ② Topdressing: apply 1200kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0102] ③ Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 10% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0103] S6: Harvest

[0104] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] A method for planting perilla, compared with Example 1, only the raw material ratio in the improved fertilizer in S1 is changed to:

[0107] According to the weight percentage, it contains the following raw materials:

[0108] 125 parts of farmyard manure, 5 parts of houttuynia powder, 15 parts of pyrethrum, 4 parts of sophora flavescens, 11 parts of linseed oil, 10 parts of peanut cakes and 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0109] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0110] Comparative Example 2

[0111] A perilla planting method, compared with Example 1, only the improved fertilizer in S1 is changed to 174 parts of farmyard manure.

[0112] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] A method for planting perilla, compared with Example 1, only the seed dressing agent in S4 is changed to the seed dressing agent in the embodiment of Chinese patent 201810716441.X:

[0115] It is made by mixing 40-80 parts of biochar, 5-10 parts of volcanic rock, 8-15 parts of rice stone, 20-30 parts of grass ash, 2-5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1-3 parts of superphosphate, with a particle size of 50-120 mesh;

[0116] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0117] Comparative Example 4

[0118] A perilla planting method, compared with Example 1, only the raw material ratio in the seed dressing agent in S4 is changed to: 14 parts of nutmeg, 7 parts of coltsfoot, 12 parts of plant lactobacillus, 11 parts of lysine, 0.5 parts of phenylalanine, 0.1 parts of phosphatase and 3.4 parts of glycosidase.

[0119] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0120] Comparative Example 5

[0121] A method for growing basil, compared with Example 1, only the raw material ratio in the disinfectant in S3 is changed to:

[0122] In S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 0.5 parts of allicin, 0.5 parts of tea tree oil, 4 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 30 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 120 parts of water.

[0123] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0124] Comparative Example 6

[0125] A perilla planting method, compared with Example 1, only the disinfectant in S3 is changed to the disinfectant in Chinese Patent 201610571312.7: the disinfectant is a mixture of 1.5%-2% by weight of chitosan, 0.5%-1.5% by weight of KMnO4, and 10-15% by weight of ethanol and distilled water.

[0126] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0127] Comparative Example 7

[0128] A method for growing perilla, compared with Example 1, only the Chinese medicine extract in the disinfectant in S3 is changed:

[0129] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 20 parts of honeysuckle, 5 parts of dandelion and 27 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0130] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0131] Comparative Example 8

[0132] A method for growing perilla, compared with Example 1, only the Chinese medicine extract in the disinfectant in S3 is changed:

[0133] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 17.3 parts of honeysuckle and 34.7 parts of dandelion are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0134] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0135] Comparative Example 9

[0136] A method for growing perilla, compared with Example 1, only the Chinese medicine extract in the disinfectant in S3 is changed:

[0137] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 22.6 parts of honeysuckle and 29.4 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0138] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0139] Comparative Example 10

[0140] A method for growing perilla, compared with Example 1, only the Chinese medicine extract in the disinfectant in S3 is changed:

[0141] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 31.2 parts of dandelion and 20.8 parts of Schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0142] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0143] Comparative Example 11

[0144] A method for planting perilla, compared with Example 1, only without S3, the seed pretreatment step.

[0145] The following steps are involved:

[0146] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0147] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2000kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer, calculated by weight, contains the following raw materials:

[0148] 70 parts of farmyard manure, 12 parts of houttuynia powder, 34 parts of pyrethrum, 6 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 38 parts of peanut cakes and 14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0149] S2: Breeding

[0150] Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla frutescens type single plants (variety "YD-1"), bag and self-pollinate for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage;

[0151] S3: Seedling cultivation

[0152] The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30 cm×50 cm, covered with soil, watered immediately after sowing, and seedlings emerge in 5-7 days; the seed dressing agent, in terms of mass parts, comprises the following raw materials: 18 parts of nutmeg, 12 parts of coltsfoot, 3 parts of plant lactobacillus, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 6 parts of phosphatase, and 1 part of glycosidase. The mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0153] S4: Field management

[0154] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing;

[0155] ② Topdressing: apply 800kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0156] ③ Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 10% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0157] S5: Harvest

[0158] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0159] Comparative Example 12

[0160] A perilla planting method, compared with Example 1, only in S4, no seed dressing agent is added, and the rest of the operations are the same as those in Example 1.

[0161] Comparative Example 13

[0162] A method for planting perilla comprises the following steps:

[0163] S1: Land preparation and fertilization

[0164] Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2000kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer, calculated by weight, contains the following raw materials:

[0165] 70 parts of farmyard manure, 12 parts of houttuynia powder, 34 parts of pyrethrum, 6 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 38 parts of peanut cakes and 14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0166] S2: Seed pretreatment

[0167] The domestic variety "YD-1" was selected, and its seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage were selected, mixed with disinfectant, and soaked at 30°C for 5 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; the disinfectant, by weight, contained the following raw materials: 28 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 8 parts of allicin, 6 parts of tea tree oil, 10 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 18 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 120 parts of water. The solid-liquid ratio of seeds to disinfectant was 1:15 g / mL.

[0168] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: 12 parts of honeysuckle, 24 parts of dandelion and 16 parts of schisandra chinensis are crushed, 40-50% by weight of ethanol is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed for extraction for 1-3 times, and the extracts are combined and concentrated.

[0169] S4: Seedling cultivation

[0170] The pretreated seeds are mixed with a seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30 cm×50 cm, covered with soil, watered immediately after sowing, and seedlings emerge in 5-7 days; the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 18 parts of nutmeg, 12 parts of coltsfoot, 3 parts of plant lactobacillus, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 6 parts of phosphatase and 1 part of glycosidase. The mass ratio of the pretreated seeds to the seed dressing agent is 1:4.

[0171] S5: Field management

[0172] ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing;

[0173] ② Topdressing: apply 800kg of improved fertilizer per mu;

[0174] ③ Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 10% (m / V) imidacloprid;

[0175] S6: Harvest

[0176] The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

[0177] Test Example 1

[0178] 15 mu of fertile soil with sufficient sunlight, convenient irrigation and drainage, good ventilation and water retention, and rich in humic acid was selected as the planting site, and perilla was planted according to the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-12. The perilla yield (perilla leaves) and the probability of occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the 15 mu of land were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0179] Table 1. Yield per mu and probability of occurrence of pests and diseases

[0180] Group Yield per mu (kg) Probability of occurrence of pests and diseases (%) Example 1 162.5 1.2 Example 2 160.8 1.5 Example 3 161.2 1.6 Comparative Example 1 105.4 1.8 Comparative Example 2 101.2 1.9 Comparative Example 3 112.7 3.6 Comparative Example 4 115.4 3.8 Comparative Example 5 135.2 5.3 Comparative Example 6 130.1 5.2 Comparative Example 7 132.4 5.4 Comparative Example 8 136.5 5.0 Comparative Example 9 130.4 4.9 Comparative Example 10 131.7 5.1 Comparative Example 11 133.5 7.2 Comparative Example 12 120.9 2.4 Comparative Example 13 108.5 2.8

[0181] Test Example 2

[0182] The substance contents in the perilla leaves grown in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-12 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0183] Table 2. Content

[0184]

[0185] As shown in Table 1-2, compared with Comparative Examples 1-13, Example 1-3 has improved perilla yield, significantly reduced incidence of diseases and insect pests, and significantly increased perillaene content through breeding, seed pretreatment, optimization of seed dressing agents, and optimization of improved fertilizers.

[0186] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Perilla frutescens, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Land preparation and fertilization Select a sandy loam plot with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, high terrain and good drainage; plow, harrow and level the land, and apply 2000-3000 kg of improved fertilizer per mu; the improved fertilizer contains the following raw materials: farmyard manure, houttuynia powder, pyrethrum, sophora flavescens, linseed oil, peanut cake and potassium dihydrogen phosphate; S2: Breeding Select high-yield, high-volatile oil content, perilla-ene-type perilla individual plants, bag them and self-pollinate them for 2-4 generations to obtain stable and consistent plant lines, and select seeds with full grains and no mechanical damage; S3: Seed pretreatment The seeds obtained in S2 are mixed with a disinfectant and soaked at 30-40° C. for 3-5 hours to obtain pretreated seeds; S4: Seedling cultivation The pretreated seeds are mixed with the seed dressing agent, sown in holes, with a row spacing of 30cm×50cm, covered with soil, and watered immediately after sowing. Seedlings will emerge in 5-7 days; S5: Field management ① Cultivate and weed 3 times, and no longer cultivate and weed after ridge closing; ② Topdressing: apply 800-1200kg of improved fertilizer per mu; ③Disease prevention and insecticide: spray 8-12% (m / V) imidacloprid; S6: Harvest The perilla leaves are harvested three times in late July, late August and late September, and the whole plant is cut off in early November to harvest the seeds.

2. The method for growing perilla according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-120 parts of farmyard manure, 10-20 parts of houttuynia powder, 30-40 parts of pyrethrum, 5-15 parts of sophora flavescens, 1-10 parts of linseed oil, 30-40 parts of peanut cake and 10-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

3. The method for planting perilla according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-100 parts of farmyard manure, 10-15 parts of houttuynia powder, 30-35 parts of pyrethrum, 5-10 parts of sophora flavescens, 5-10 parts of linseed oil, 35-40 parts of peanut cake and 10-15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The method for planting perilla according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the improved fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 parts of farmyard manure, 12 parts of houttuynia powder, 34 parts of pyrethrum, 6 parts of sophora flavescens, 10 parts of linseed oil, 38 parts of peanut cakes and 14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

5. The method for planting perilla according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials: Chinese medicine extract, allicin, tea tree oil, sodium stearoyl lactylate, ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and water.

6. The method for planting perilla according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 1-10 parts of allicin, 1-10 parts of tea tree oil, 5-12 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 15-25 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 100-140 parts of water.

7. The method for planting perilla according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25-30 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 5-10 parts of allicin, 5-10 parts of tea tree oil, 6-12 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 15-20 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 100-130 parts of water.

8. The method for growing perilla according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S3, the disinfectant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 28 parts of Chinese medicine extract, 8 parts of allicin, 6 parts of tea tree oil, 10 parts of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 18 parts of ethanol with a mass fraction of 20-30%, and 120 parts of water.

9. The method for planting perilla according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traditional Chinese medicine extract is an extract of honeysuckle, dandelion and schisandra chinensis.

10. The method for planting perilla according to claim 9, characterized in that: The Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 5-18 parts of honeysuckle, 20-30 parts of dandelions and 15-25 parts of schisandra chinensis.

11. The method for planting perilla according to claim 10, characterized in that: The Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 8-15 parts of honeysuckle, 22-28 parts of dandelions and 15-20 parts of schisandra chinensis.

12. The method for growing perilla according to claim 11, characterized in that: The Chinese medicine extract comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of honeysuckle, 24 parts of dandelions and 16 parts of schisandra chinensis.

13. The method for planting perilla according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: after crushing honeysuckle, dandelion and schisandra chinensis, adding 40-50% by weight ethanol, heating and refluxing for extraction for 1-3 times, and combining and concentrating the extracts.

14. The method for planting perilla according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of nutmeg, 8-15 parts of coltsfoot, 1-10 parts of plant lactobacillus, 1-10 parts of lysine, 1-8 parts of phenylalanine, 1-10 parts of phosphatase and 1-3 parts of glycosidase.

15. The method for growing perilla according to claim 14, characterized in that: In S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-22 parts of nutmeg, 10-15 parts of coltsfoot, 1-5 parts of plant lactobacillus, 3-8 parts of lysine, 1-5 parts of phenylalanine, 3-8 parts of phosphatase and 1-2 parts of glycosidase.

16. The method for growing perilla according to claim 15, characterized in that: In S4, the seed dressing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 18 parts of nutmeg, 12 parts of coltsfoot, 3 parts of plant lactobacillus, 5 parts of lysine, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 6 parts of phosphatase and 1 part of glycosidase.

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