Enzymolysis process of whole grains
By crushing, shelling and enzymatic treatment of grains and grains, and adding an appropriate amount of amylase and protease during the enzymatic dissolution process, the problem of insufficient enzymatic dissolution of grains and grains is solved, and the adequacy and efficiency of enzymatic dissolution are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510197780.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-29
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The enzymatic decomposition of existing grains and grains is insufficient, and the shell of grains and grains contains cellulose and hemicellulose, which easily absorbs enzyme molecules during enzymatic decomposition, resulting in insufficient enzymatic decomposition.
By crushing grains and cereals, removing the shell and adding cellulase and hemicellulase for treatment, then adding α-amylase, β-amylase and protease during the enzymatic decomposition process, adjusting the pH value and temperature to perform sufficient enzymatic decomposition.
The adsorption of enzymes of grains and grains is achieved, and cellulose and hemicellulose are avoided, resulting in insufficient enzymatic decomposition.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of enzymolysis of cereals and grains, and particularly relates to an enzymolysis process of cereals and grains. Background Art
[0002] The five grains usually refer to rice, millet, sorghum, wheat, and beans. Rice is rice, and the rice produced is the staple food of people in many regions. It has a soft and sticky taste, a fragrant aroma, is rich in carbohydrates, and can provide sufficient energy for the human body. Millet is an ancient cereal, now mostly called yellow rice. The grains are slightly larger than millet. After being cooked, it has a certain stickiness and can be used to make traditional delicacies such as cakes. Millet is millet, which is rich in nutrients and easy to digest. It is especially suitable for people with weak stomachs. Wheat mainly includes wheat and barley. Wheat can be ground into flour to make various pasta such as bread and noodles. It is one of the important sources of food in the world. Beans are a general term for beans, such as soybeans, mung beans, red beans, etc., which are rich in protein, dietary fiber and various vitamins and minerals.
[0003] In addition to the traditional five grains, there are also a wide variety of grains, including corn, buckwheat, oats, sorghum, etc. Corn tastes sweet and can be cooked, baked or made into various processed foods. Buckwheat is divided into sweet buckwheat and bitter buckwheat, which has a unique flavor and high nutritional value and is good for health. Oats are rich in dietary fiber, which helps lower cholesterol and control blood sugar. Sorghum can be used to make wine, feed, etc. Whole grains have many advantages. First, they are rich in a variety of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, which can meet the various nutritional needs of the human body. Dietary fiber helps promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation and intestinal diseases. Secondly, the glycemic index of whole grains is relatively low, which is suitable for diabetics and people who pay attention to healthy eating. In addition, different whole grains have their own unique flavors, which can make rich and diverse delicacies to meet people's taste buds.
[0004] In the existing enzymatic hydrolysis of cereals, a single enzyme is added to the pulp of the cereals to perform enzymatic hydrolysis on the cereals, resulting in insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis of the cereals. At the same time, the shells of the cereals contain cellulose and hemicellulose, which are easy to absorb the enzyme molecules during enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis.
[0005] Therefore, a whole grain enzymatic hydrolysis process is needed to solve the problem of insufficient whole grain enzymatic hydrolysis in the prior art. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an enzymatic hydrolysis process for cereals and grains to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for enzymatic hydrolysis of cereals and grains, the process comprising the following steps: (1) Selection of cereals and grains; (2) Cleaning and soaking: Wash the grains with clean water and soak them in water at 30 degrees for 3 hours; Take out the soaked grains from the water and air-dry them for 20 minutes; (3) Shelling and separation: The air-dried grains are crushed in a crusher, and then soaked in water at 30 degrees to separate the husk and pulp of the grains to obtain the pulp of the grains; (4) Treatment: Add cellulase and hemicellulase to the obtained grain pulp and incubate at 30 degrees for 2 hours; (5) Disinfection: Place the processed pulp in a sterilization tank for 30 minutes; (6) Enzymatic hydrolysis: Place the sterilized grain pulp in a fermentation tank and add a certain amount of water into the fermentation tank; Add α-amylase, β-amylase and protease into the fermentation tube and mix them with the pulp thoroughly to form a mixture; The pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 6, and then the temperature in the fermentation tank was controlled at 50 degrees and fermented for 12 hours; (7) Separation: Take out the mixture after enzymatic hydrolysis and sieve it with a 200-mesh sieve. Press the solid matter on the sieve to fully filter out the liquid in the solid matter. (8) Concentration: adding polyethylene glycol to the separated liquid to concentrate it; (9) Storage: Store the concentrated liquid at a temperature of 30 degrees.
[0008] Preferably, the whole grains are selected from grains with full flesh and no damage or wormholes.
[0009] Preferably, the amount of water used in the enzymatic hydrolysis is more than 5 cm of the grain pulp.
[0010] Preferably, the volume ratio of the α-amylase, β-amylase and protease is 1:2:1.
[0011] Preferably, the stirring and mixing method used in the enzymatic hydrolysis is ultrasonic stirring, and the ultrasonic stirring power is 300-500w.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the enzymatic hydrolysis process of cereals and grains provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) By crushing the cereals and grains, soaking them in water at a temperature of 30 degrees and separating the husks and pulp of the cereals and grains, the enzymatic hydrolysis of the cereals to be hydrolyzed is more complete, and the cellulose and hemicellulose in the husks of the cereals are prevented from forming a complex fiber structure in the husks, which physically hinders the contact between the enzyme and the pulp. By adding cellulase and hemicellulase to the pulp after shelling and separation, the small amount of cellulose and hemicellulose in the husk contained in the pulp after shelling and separation can be decomposed into small molecules such as glucose, thereby avoiding the adsorption of enzyme molecules by cellulose and hemicellulose, resulting in insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis.
[0013] (2) By adding α-amylase, β-amylase and protease during enzymatic hydrolysis and setting the pH of the mixture to 6, the whole grains can be fully enzymatically hydrolyzed, thus avoiding the situation of insufficient enzymatic hydrolysis caused by using a single enzymatic hydrolysis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0015] For clarity and / or descriptive purposes, the size and relative size of components may be exaggerated. When the exemplary embodiments may be implemented differently, the specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than described. For example, two processes described in succession may be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to the order described. In addition, the same reference numerals represent the same components.
[0016] The terms used here are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be restrictive. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one (kind, person)" and "said (the)" are also intended to include plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" and their variations are used in this specification, it is explained that there are stated features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups, but it is not excluded that there are or add one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and / or their groups. It should also be noted that, as used here, the terms "substantially", "approximately" and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, so that they are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured values, calculated values and / or the values provided that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0017] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a process for enzymatic hydrolysis of cereals, which comprises the following steps: (1) Selection of cereals and grains; (2) Cleaning and soaking: Wash the grains with clean water and soak them in water at 30 degrees for 3 hours; Take out the soaked grains from the water and air-dry them for 20 minutes; (5) Shelling and separation: The air-dried grains are crushed in a crusher, and after crushing, they are placed in water at a temperature of 30 degrees and soaked again to separate the husks and pulp of the grains and obtain the pulp of the grains; (6) Treatment: Add cellulase and hemicellulase to the obtained grain pulp and incubate at 30 degrees for 2 hours; (5) Disinfection: Place the processed pulp in a sterilization tank for 30 minutes; (6) Enzymatic hydrolysis: Place the sterilized grain pulp in a fermentation tank and add a certain amount of water into the fermentation tank; Add α-amylase, β-amylase and protease into the fermentation tube and mix them with the pulp thoroughly to form a mixture; The pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 6, and then the temperature in the fermentation tank was controlled at 50 degrees and fermented for 12 hours; (7) Separation: Take out the mixture after enzymatic hydrolysis and sieve it with a 200-mesh sieve. Press the solid matter on the sieve to fully filter out the liquid in the solid matter. (8) Concentration: adding polyethylene glycol to the separated liquid to concentrate it; (9) Storage: Store the concentrated liquid at a temperature of 30 degrees.
[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the whole grains are selected from grains with full flesh and no damage or wormholes.
[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the amount of water used in the enzymatic hydrolysis is more than the amount of water in the 5 cm pulp of the cereals and grains.
[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of the α-amylase, β-amylase and protease is 1:2:1.
[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the stirring and mixing method used in the enzymatic hydrolysis is ultrasonic stirring, and the ultrasonic stirring power is 300-500w.
[0022] In summary: when enzymatic hydrolysis of cereals, first select cereals with full flesh, no damage and wormholes, wash the cereals with clean water, soak them in water at a temperature of 30 degrees for 3 hours, take the soaked cereals out of the water, air-dry them for 20 minutes, crush the air-dried cereals in a crusher, soak them in water at a temperature of 30 degrees again after crushing, separate the shell of the cereals from the flesh, obtain the cereal flesh, add cellulase and hemicellulase to the obtained cereal flesh, incubate at a temperature of 30 degrees for 2 hours, and sterilize the treated flesh in a sterilizer for 30 minutes; place the sterilized cereal flesh in a fermentation tank, and add water to the fermentation tank that exceeds 5 cm of the cereal flesh; add α-amylase, β- amylase and protease, and use ultrasonic stirring with a stirring power of 300-500W to fully stir and mix the pulp to form a mixture; adjust the pH value of the mixture to 6, then control the temperature in the fermentation tank at 50 degrees, and ferment for 12 hours; take out the mixture after enzymatic hydrolysis and sieve it with a 200-mesh sieve, press the solid matter on the sieve to fully filter out the liquid in the solid matter; add polyethylene glycol to the separated liquid to concentrate it; store the concentrated liquid at a temperature of 30 degrees.
[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A process for enzymatic hydrolysis of cereals, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: (1) Selection of cereals and grains; (2) Cleaning and soaking: Wash the grains with clean water and soak them in water at 30 degrees for 3 hours; Take out the soaked grains from the water and air-dry them for 20 minutes; (3) Shelling and separation: The air-dried grains are crushed in a crusher, and after crushing, they are placed in water at a temperature of 30 degrees and soaked again to separate the grain husks from the pulp to obtain the grain pulp; (4) Processing: Add cellulase and hemicellulase to the obtained grain pulp and incubate at 30 degrees for 2 hours; (5) Disinfection: Place the processed pulp in a sterilization tank for 30 minutes; (6) Enzymatic hydrolysis: Place the sterilized grain pulp in a fermentation tank and add a certain amount of water into the fermentation tank; Add α-amylase, β-amylase and protease into the fermentation tube and mix them with the pulp thoroughly to form a mixture; The pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 6, and then the temperature in the fermentation tank was controlled at 50 degrees and fermented for 12 hours; (7) Separation: Take out the mixture after enzymatic hydrolysis and sieve it with a 200-mesh sieve. Press the solid matter on the sieve to fully filter out the liquid in the solid matter. (8) Concentration: adding polyethylene glycol to the separated liquid to concentrate it; (9) Storage: Store the concentrated liquid at a temperature of 30 degrees.
2. A whole grain enzymolysis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The whole grains are selected from those with full flesh and without damage or wormholes.
3. A whole grain enzymolysis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of water used in the enzymolysis is the amount of water that exceeds 5 cm of the grain pulp.
4. A whole grain enzymolysis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the α-amylase, β-amylase and protease is 1:2:
1.
5. The enzymatic hydrolysis process of cereals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring and mixing method used in the enzymolysis is ultrasonic stirring, and the ultrasonic stirring power is 300-500w.