Single-mode and rectangular laser mixed 3D printing forming method and device for shoe mold and shoe mold
By using a printing method of mixing shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser in metal 3D printing, the problem of multi-laser splicing increases equipment cost and splicing accuracy is solved, and efficient scanning and good molding quality are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311416603.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-29
AI Technical Summary
In the existing metal 3D printing technology, multi-laser splicing printing increases equipment costs, and there are problems with splicing accuracy and fusion forming quality at the joints.
The 3D printing and forming method of shoe mold single mode and rectangular laser is used to divide the shoe mold into base area and pattern area, and the base mode Gaussian beam is used to print the base area to ensure printing speed and surface accuracy.
It significantly improves scanning efficiency, reduces the overall cost of the equipment, avoids the problem of coordinated splicing between multiple laser beams, and improves the structural consistency and molding quality of the shoe mold.
Smart Images
Figure CN119897479A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of SLM metal 3D printing, and more specifically, to a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing forming method and device, and a shoe mold. Background Art
[0002] Current metal 3D printing equipment uses a laser form with a fundamental mode Gaussian distribution, and the central laser spot concentrates about 90% of the laser energy.
[0003] In order to increase printing efficiency, ensure printing quality and keep the powder thickness unchanged, many metal 3D printing equipment manufacturers in the industry have adopted the method of increasing the number of lasers and developing multi-laser splicing joint printing.
[0004] However, multi-laser splicing printing increases the number of lasers and scanning galvanometers, resulting in an increase in production costs. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present application provides a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method and device and a shoe mold to solve the problem of increased equipment cost in the existing metal 3D printing technology using multi-laser splicing printing.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing method, comprising:
[0007] The printing layers of the shoe mold are divided into a base area and a pattern area. The base area is used to form the main body of the shoe mold, and the pattern area is used to form the entity near the pattern surface of the shoe mold.
[0008] Print the base area, obtain a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy, and after shaping through a collimator and focusing through a focusing lens, obtain a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 230 μm. Use stainless steel 316L powder, based on a spot diameter of 230 μm, a forming melt overlap rate of 30%, a powder layer thickness of 50 μm, a scanning spacing of 0.2-0.3 mm, a scanning speed of 1000-2000 mm / s, and a laser power of 1800-2200 W to perform 3D printing of the base area;
[0009] The pattern area is printed by using a fundamental mode Gaussian beam to perform laser printing on the base area, and the base area scanning and the pattern area scanning have an overlapping portion, so that the base area and the pattern area are fused into the printed layer.
[0010] In one possible implementation:
[0011] When printing the base area, the scanning interval is 0.25 mm, the scanning speed is 1500 mm / s, and the laser power is 2000 W.
[0012] In one possible implementation:
[0013] The method for obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is to change the laser energy distribution of the Gaussian laser by increasing the number of light output modules inside the laser and adjusting the output mode of photons generated by the internal light output modules under the influence of high voltage, so that the output laser energy is converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy.
[0014] In one possible implementation:
[0015] The number of light output modules inside the laser is increased so that the output rated power of the laser reaches 3000W.
[0016] In one possible implementation:
[0017] The scanning interval is 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm.
[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device, comprising:
[0019] A laser having an output rated power of 3000 W and configured to output a fundamental mode Gaussian beam or a rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam;
[0020] The collimating lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser and are used to collimate, shape and focus the rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam emitted by the laser to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 230 μm.
[0021] In one possible implementation:
[0022] The system also includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the laser and is used to control the laser to switch to outputting a fundamental mode Gaussian beam or a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution.
[0023] In one possible implementation:
[0024] The laser includes a Gaussian laser light source, a spectrometer, multiple light-emitting lens groups and a motion mechanism; the Gaussian laser light source is used to generate a Gaussian beam; the spectrometer is arranged on the path of the Gaussian beam, and is used to split the Gaussian beam into multiple sub-Gaussian beams; the multiple light-emitting lens groups are respectively located on the paths of the multiple sub-Gaussian beams, and are used to make the multiple sub-Gaussian beams overlap and converge on the forming surface to form a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution, which includes multiple internal light-emitting modules, and the laser is used to output a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution; the motion mechanism is transmission-connected to the spectrometer and the multiple light-emitting lens groups, and is electrically connected to the control device, and is used to drive the spectrometer and the multiple light-emitting lens groups to enter or leave the path of the Gaussian beam under the control of the control device.
[0025] In a third aspect, the present application provides a shoe mold, which is printed by the aforementioned shoe mold single mold and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method.
[0026] In one possible implementation:
[0027] The shoe mold has a tensile strength of 670-720 MPa, a yield strength of 470-510 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 30-40%.
[0028] In one possible implementation:
[0029] The shoe mold has a tensile strength of 700 MPa, a yield strength of 490 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 38%.
[0030] In this application, the shoe mold is divided into a base area and a base area, and a rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam is used to print the base area to ensure a faster printing speed. The base area is laser 3D printed using a base mode Gaussian beam to ensure the surface accuracy of the shoe mold, thereby taking into account both the printing speed and surface accuracy of the shoe mold. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method of this application increases the laser power by increasing the number of light-emitting modules inside the laser when printing the base area, and obtains a single flat-top laser beam with a spot diameter of 230μm through shaping and focusing. The flat-top laser beam is used for shoe mold molding scanning. The laser energy distribution is even and can also reach the energy required for stainless steel 316L powder printing, so that it can be scanned at a faster speed and a larger scanning spacing, and the scanning efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, this solution still uses a single laser, and there is no need to configure multiple sets of lasers and galvanometers, etc., and the overall equipment cost is low. At the same time, a single laser beam does not require coordinated splicing between multiple laser beams, avoiding the splicing accuracy and fusion molding quality issues at the splicing seams that exist in multi-laser splicing, which is conducive to obtaining a shoe mold with better structural consistency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device providing a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution;
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shoe mold according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0035] Description of main component symbols:
[0036] Shoe mold single mold and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device 100
[0037] Laser 1
[0038] Collimator 2
[0039] Focusing lens 3
[0040] Control device 4
[0041] Internal light module 11
[0042] Light-emitting lens group 11a
[0043] Gaussian laser source 12
[0044] Beam splitter 13
[0045] Movement mechanism 14
[0046] Gaussian beam L1
[0047] Sub-Gaussian beam L2
[0048] Rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam L3
[0049] Shoe Model 200
[0050] Pattern area S1
[0051] Base area S2 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0053] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be an element centered therein. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.
[0055] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0056] Example
[0057] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a shoe mold single mold and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device 100 for molding a shoe mold 200 (see Figure 3 ). The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device 100 includes a laser 1, a collimating lens 2, a focusing lens 3 and a control device 4. The output rated power of the laser 1 is 3000W, and is used to output a laser beam L3 with a rectangular flat-top distribution or a Gaussian beam L1 of a fundamental mode. The control device is electrically connected to the laser, and is used to control the laser to switch to outputting a fundamental mode Gaussian beam or a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution. The collimating lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser, and are used to collimate, shape and focus the laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution emitted by the laser to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 230μm.
[0058] For example Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the laser 1 includes a Gaussian laser light source 12, a beam splitter 13, a motion mechanism 14, and multiple light-emitting lens groups 11a. The multiple light-emitting lens groups 11a serve as the aforementioned multiple internal light-emitting modules 11. The Gaussian laser light source 12 is used to generate a Gaussian beam L1; the beam splitter 13 is located on the path of the Gaussian beam L1 and is used to split the Gaussian beam L1 into multiple sub-Gaussian beams L2; the multiple light-emitting lens groups 11a are respectively located on the paths of the multiple sub-Gaussian beams L2 and are used to cause the multiple sub-Gaussian beams L2 to overlap and converge on the forming surface to form a laser beam L3 with a rectangular flat-top distribution.
[0059] The motion mechanism 14 is in transmission connection with the beam splitter 13 and the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a, and is electrically connected to the control device 4. It is configured to drive the beam splitter 13 and the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a into or out of the path of the Gaussian beam L1 under the control of the control device 4. When the beam splitter 13 and the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a are located in the path of the Gaussian beam L1, the Gaussian beam L1 is transformed by the beam splitter 13 and the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a to emit a laser beam L3 having a rectangular flat-top distribution. When the beam splitter 13 and the plurality of light-emitting lens groups 11a are out of the path of the Gaussian beam L1, the laser 1 directly emits the Gaussian beam L1.
[0060] In other embodiments, the motion mechanism 14 may also drive the Gaussian laser light source 12 to move. Alternatively, the laser 1 may also adopt other forms to achieve the change of the light emission mode, which is not limited here.
[0061] In this embodiment, the shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing method implemented using the above-mentioned shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing device 100 includes the following steps:
[0062] The shoe mold is divided into the base area S2 and the pattern area S1. Figure 3 In the partitioning method shown, the pattern area is the area within the set distance of the pattern surface envelope, and the base area is the area of the shoe mold excluding the pattern area. When obtaining the pattern surface envelope, the details on the pattern surface can be ignored and only the main contour direction of the pattern surface is considered. However, it is necessary to ensure that the minimum thickness of the pattern area is above the set value, which can be 5 to 8 times the scanning interval.
[0063] Print the base area S2 to obtain a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy. Specifically, the output laser energy can be converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution by increasing the number of internal light-emitting modules 11 of the laser 1 and adjusting the output mode of photons generated by the internal light-emitting modules under the influence of high voltage, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy. By increasing the number of internal light-emitting modules of the laser, the output rated power of the laser is increased to 3000W. After shaping by a collimator and focusing by a focusing lens, a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 230μm is obtained. Stainless steel 316L powder is used, and the base area S2 is 3D printed according to the following conditions: a spot diameter of 230μm, a forming melt overlap rate of 30%, a powder layer thickness of 50μm, a scanning spacing of 0.2-0.3mm, a scanning speed of 1000-2000mm / s, and a laser power of 1800-2200W.
[0064] To print the pattern area S1, a fundamental mode Gaussian beam is used to perform laser printing on the base area, and the base area scan and the pattern area scan have an overlapping portion, so that the base area and the pattern area are fused into the printed layer.
[0065] In this embodiment, the shoe mold is divided into a base area and a base area, and a rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam is used to print the base area to ensure a faster printing speed. The base mode Gaussian beam is used for laser 3D printing of the pattern area to ensure the surface accuracy of the shoe mold, thereby taking into account both the printing speed and the surface accuracy of the shoe mold. When printing the base area, the shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method of this application embodiment increases the laser power by increasing the number of light-emitting modules inside the laser, and obtains a single rectangular flat-top laser beam with a spot diameter of 230μm through shaping and focusing. The rectangular flat-top laser beam is used for shoe mold molding scanning. The laser energy distribution is even and can also reach the energy required for stainless steel 316L powder printing, so that it can be scanned at a faster speed and a larger scanning spacing, and the scanning efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, this solution still uses a single laser, and there is no need to configure multiple sets of lasers and galvanometers, etc., and the overall equipment cost is low. At the same time, a single laser beam does not require coordinated splicing between multiple laser beams, avoiding the splicing accuracy and fusion molding quality issues at the splicing seams that exist in multi-laser splicing, which is conducive to obtaining a shoe mold with better structural consistency.
[0066] Through testing, the shoe molds printed by the above method have a tensile strength of 670-720 MPa, a yield strength of 470-510 MPa, and an elongation of 30-40%, which meet the performance requirements of shoe mold applications.
[0067] For example, in one embodiment, the following parameters were used to print the base area of the rectangular shoe mold in the aforementioned laser 3D printing method: the spot diameter was 230 μm, the scanning pitch was 0.25 mm, the scanning speed was 1500 mm / s, and the laser power was 2000 W. The resulting shoe mold had a tensile strength of 700 MPa, a yield strength of 490 MPa, and an elongation of 38%.
[0068] When the scanning interval is reduced to 0.2mm, the obtained shoe mold has a tensile strength of 720MPa, a yield strength of 510MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 30%;
[0069] When the scanning pitch was changed to 0.3 mm, the obtained shoe mold had a tensile strength of 670 MPa, a yield strength of 470 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 40%.
[0070] Based on the comparison and the requirements for the mechanical properties of shoe molds in some scenarios, this embodiment adopts the spot diameter of 230μm, the forming melt overlap rate of 30%, the powder layer thickness of 50μm, the scanning spacing of 0.25mm, the scanning speed of 1500mm / s, and the laser power of 2000W as the optimal printing parameters of the shoe mold. The required shoe mold is printed using stainless steel 316L powder as the printing material, which meets the performance requirements of the shoe mold application. Moreover, due to the increase in laser power and the increase in spot diameter, the above-mentioned larger scanning speed and scanning spacing can still obtain a shoe mold with the aforementioned performance. The molding efficiency is improved by about 3 times compared with the shoe mold printing method of the known technology, and the pattern area of the shoe mold is printed with a base mold Gaussian laser, and its accuracy can be guaranteed.
[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.
Claims
1. A shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method, characterized in that: include: Dividing each printed layer of the shoe mold into a base area and a pattern area, wherein the base area is used to form a main body of the shoe mold, and the pattern area is used to form a solid body near the pattern surface of the shoe mold; Print the base area, obtain a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy, and obtain a processing laser beam with a spot diameter of 230 μm after shaping by a collimator and focusing by a focusing lens. Use stainless steel 316L powder to perform 3D printing of the base area according to the spot diameter of 230 μm, the overlap rate of the forming melt channel of 30%, the thickness of the powder layer of 50 μm, the scanning interval of 0.2-0.3 mm, the scanning speed of 1000-2000 mm / s, and the laser power of 1800-2200 W; The pattern area is printed by using a fundamental mode Gaussian beam to perform laser printing on the base area, and the base area scanning and the pattern area scanning have an overlapping portion, so that the base area and the pattern area are fused into the printed layer.
2. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When printing the base area, the scanning interval is 0.25 mm, the scanning speed is 1500 mm / s, and the laser power is 2000 W.
3. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy is to increase the number of light output modules inside the laser and adjust the output mode of photons generated by the internal light output modules under the influence of high voltage, thereby changing the laser energy distribution of the Gaussian laser so that the output laser energy is converted into a rectangular flat-top distribution, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution of laser energy.
4. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The number of light output modules inside the laser is increased so that the output rated power of the laser reaches 3000W.
5. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scanning interval is 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm.
6. A shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device, characterized in that: include: A laser, wherein the output rated power of the laser is 3000W, and is used to output a fundamental mode Gaussian beam or a rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam; The collimator and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the optical path of the laser, and are used to collimate, shape and focus the rectangular flat-top distribution laser beam emitted by the laser, so as to obtain a laser spot with a spot diameter of 230 μm.
7. The shoe mold single-mode and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a control device, which is electrically connected to the laser and is used to control the laser to switch to output a fundamental mode Gaussian beam or a laser beam with a rectangular flat-top distribution.
8. A shoe mold, characterized in that: include: The shoe mold is printed by the shoe mold single mold and rectangular laser hybrid 3D printing molding method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. The shoe mold according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shoe mold has a tensile strength of 670-720 MPa, a yield strength of 470-510 MPa, and a post-break elongation of 30-40%.
10. The shoe mold according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shoe mold has a tensile strength of 700 MPa, a yield strength of 490 MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 38%.