Underwater laser coaxial fuse repairing device and method based on energy controllability

Abstract

The invention provides an underwater laser coaxial fuse repairing device and method based on energy controllability, and belongs to the technical field of underwater laser repairing, the underwater laser coaxial fuse repairing device comprises a cover plate, an energy controllable point ring light spot system, an inner layer exhaust cavity and an outer layer drainage cavity, the cover plate is arranged at the top of the outer layer drainage cavity, and the inner layer exhaust cavity and the outer layer drainage cavity are symmetrically arranged; the energy controllable point ring light spot system is arranged in a structure composed of the two inner layer exhaust cavities, the two inner layer exhaust cavities are arranged in a structure composed of the two outer layer drainage cavities, the bottoms of the outer layer drainage cavities are communicated with a water retaining cover, and a wire feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the water retaining cover. The problems of energy control, environment interference, repairing quality and the like in the underwater laser fuse repairing process are effectively solved, and high-quality and high-efficiency underwater workpiece repairing is achieved while the coaxial fuse is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater laser repair, and in particular to an energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of underwater repair, especially in the repair scenario of metal workpieces, traditional repair methods face many challenges that are difficult to overcome. The current common underwater welding technology has obvious deficiencies in energy control and molten pool state control, making it difficult to achieve precise operation. This makes the weld quality extremely unstable, and defects such as pores and cracks frequently appear. Moreover, the complex underwater environment will seriously interfere with the welding process, greatly affecting the welding effect.

[0003] Although some existing underwater laser repair devices have taken advantage of the advantages of laser technology, the accuracy of energy control still needs to be improved. These devices cannot flexibly and accurately adjust the laser energy distribution according to the specific needs of different workpiece materials and defect types, resulting in uneven repair effects and difficulty in meeting the diverse requirements in practical applications.

[0004] In terms of drainage and gas protection, the structural design of some devices is defective. They cannot efficiently remove water vapor and impurities, and the coverage of the protective gas is limited and the stability is poor. This makes the repair area extremely susceptible to oxidation and contamination, seriously affecting the performance of the repaired workpiece. In addition, the underwater environment is characterized by high salt and high humidity. During the local dry laser repair process, the surface of the cladding layer is easily exposed to water vapor, which in turn produces oxide scale, which has a negative impact on the subsequent repair quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device and method based on energy controllable, which effectively solves the problems of energy control, environmental interference and repair quality in the process of underwater laser fuse repair, ensures coaxial fuse and realizes high-quality and high-efficiency underwater workpiece repair.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] An underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device based on energy controllable includes a cover plate, an energy controllable point ring light spot system, an inner exhaust cavity and an outer drainage cavity, the cover plate is arranged on the top of the outer drainage cavity, the inner exhaust cavity and the outer drainage cavity are symmetrically arranged, the energy controllable point ring light spot system is arranged inside a structure composed of two inner exhaust cavities, the two inner exhaust cavities are arranged inside a structure composed of two outer drainage cavities, the bottom of the outer drainage cavity is connected to a water retaining cover, and a wire feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the water retaining cover.

[0008] Preferably, the energy controllable point ring spot system has a built-in laser power adjustment unit for adjusting the input power of the laser according to preset repair process parameters and real-time feedback information, and also includes a light inlet, a shaping element and a protective lens. The light inlet is symmetrically arranged inside the cover plate, and the two light inlets are connected to the shaping element through a transmission channel. The protective lens is arranged on the cover plate directly above the shaping element.

[0009] Preferably, a collimating lens and a focusing lens are provided below the shaping element, and the collimating lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the laser transmission path. A laser channel is provided below the focusing lens, and a cladding head is provided below the laser channel. The collimating lens is used to collimate the incoming laser beam to make the laser beam a beam with high parallelism. The focusing lens is used to focus the collimated laser beam on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired to ensure that the laser energy can be concentrated on the repairing part. The laser channel is used to transmit the focused laser.

[0010] Preferably, the laser beam passing through the focusing lens includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring has high energy and is used to melt the wire to repair the workpiece to be repaired, and the outer ring has low energy and is used to clean oxides on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired.

[0011] Preferably, a circulating water cooling channel is provided on the outer side of the shaping element, and the circulating water cooling channel surrounds the outer wall of the shaping element, and removes the heat generated during the operation of the device through the circulating cooling medium.

[0012] Preferably, an air inlet is provided on the outer wall of the inner exhaust cavity, and the air inlet is connected to the inner exhaust cavity for introducing inert protective gas and forming a stable air curtain in the inner exhaust cavity to isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment.

[0013] Preferably, the wire feeding structure comprises a wire feeding tube, which is arranged inside the cladding head and is used to feed the welding wire to the cladding head. The welding wire is fed to the cladding head through the wire feeding tube to realize coaxial fuse with the laser beam transmitted by the laser channel.

[0014] Preferably, the wire feeding tube is arranged at a position exactly in the middle of the cladding head, and the outer wall of the wire feeding tube is connected to the inner wall of the cladding head via a fixing block.

[0015] Preferably, the angle between the wire feeding tube and the horizontal direction is 90°.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method based on the above-mentioned energy controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Install and position the repair device on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired, and select the wire material according to the material and service performance requirements of the workpiece to be repaired;

[0018] S2, introducing gas into the air inlet to exhaust the water vapor inside the water shield to form a local gas phase area, then setting the repair route, making the repair device run empty according to the preset repair route to verify the reliability of the repair path, and using the outer ring light source of the laser beam to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired;

[0019] S3, then introducing inert protective gas into the inner exhaust cavity through the air inlet to form a stable air curtain to isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment, then starting the energy controllable spot ring spot system, and adjusting the input power of the laser beam according to the preset repair process parameters and real-time feedback information through the laser power adjustment unit;

[0020] S4, the laser beam enters the shaping element through the light inlet, undergoes preliminary shaping, then undergoes collimation through the collimating lens, and finally is focused into the laser channel by the focusing lens;

[0021] S5. The wire feeding tube delivers the welding wire to the cladding head, and then the focused laser beam is sent into the cladding head, so as to achieve coaxial melting of the laser beam and the welding wire, thereby completing the repair of the workpiece to be repaired.

[0022] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] (1) The present invention uses an energy-controllable spot ring spot system to accurately adjust the laser energy distribution and input power according to different repair requirements, ensuring that the inner ring has high energy to effectively melt the welding wire for repair, and the outer ring has low energy to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece, which greatly improves the accuracy and quality of the repair and makes the performance of the repaired workpiece closer to the original state.

[0024] (2) The present invention can quickly and effectively remove water vapor and impurities by designing the inner exhaust cavity and the outer drainage cavity, and cooperate with the corresponding air intake and drainage operations to form a stable local gas phase area and air curtain, thereby providing a good working environment for the repair process, reducing the interference of environmental factors on the repair effect, and improving the success rate and stability of the repair; at the same time, the present invention also ensures the accuracy and stability of the welding wire feeding, realizes coaxial fuse, and avoids the influence of the underwater environment on the wire feeding process, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the fuse repair process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device based on energy controllable according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a laser beam light source provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Cover plate; 2. Energy controllable spot ring spot system; 3. Light inlet; 4. Transmission channel; 5. Shaping element; 6. Protective lens; 7. Circulating water cooling channel; 8. Collimating lens; 9. Focusing lens; 10. Inner exhaust cavity; 11. Air inlet; 12. Outer drainage cavity; 13. Water shield; 14. Wire feeding tube; 15. Laser channel; 16. Cladding head; 17. Workpiece to be repaired. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device based on energy controllability, including a cover plate 1, an energy controllable spot ring light spot system 2, an inner exhaust cavity 10 and an outer drainage cavity 12. The cover plate 1 is installed on the top of the outer drainage cavity 12 to seal and protect the internal structure, and at the same time provide support for the energy controllable spot ring light spot system 2. The inner exhaust cavity 10 and the outer drainage cavity 12 are symmetrically arranged, and this symmetrical structure helps to maintain the stability and balance of the device in an underwater environment. The energy controllable spot ring light spot system 2 is located in the internal space surrounded by the two inner exhaust cavities 10, and can be well protected and stably supported by the gas environment. The two inner exhaust cavities 10 are arranged inside the two outer drainage cavities 12, and together constitute a multi-layer protection and functional zoning structural system. The bottom of the outer drainage cavity 12 is connected to the water shield 13, and the water shield 13 can effectively prevent the surrounding water from entering the repair area when the device is working.

[0034] The energy controllable spot ring spot system 2 is equipped with a laser power adjustment unit, which is used to accurately adjust the input power of the laser according to the preset repair process parameters (such as the material properties, defect type and size of the workpiece 17 to be repaired) and real-time feedback information (such as the actual output of laser energy, the surface temperature of the workpiece, etc.). It also includes a light inlet 3, a shaping element 5 and a protective lens 6, wherein the light inlet 3 is symmetrically arranged inside the cover plate 1 and connected to the shaping element 5 through a transmission channel 4. The protective lens 6 is located on the cover plate 1 and directly above the shaping element 5. The protective lens 6 is made of a material with high hardness and high light transmittance, which can prevent the shaping element 5 and subsequent optical components from being damaged due to impurities or accidents during the laser transmission process.

[0035] The shaping element 5 is located after the transmission channel 4, and its function is to shape the laser beam entering from the light inlet 3 and transmitted through the transmission channel 4 into a specific point ring spot shape according to the preset requirements. A collimating lens 8 and a focusing lens 9 are arranged in sequence below the shaping element 5. The collimating lens 8 collimates the incoming laser beam to make the laser beam a highly parallel beam, reduce the divergence of the laser beam, and improve the concentration of laser energy. The focusing lens 9 further focuses the collimated laser beam into the interior of the laser channel 15, and a cladding head 16 is provided at the bottom of the laser channel 15 to achieve coaxial melting of the laser and the welding wire. And refer to Figure 2 The laser beam passing through the focusing lens 9 includes an inner circle and an outer circle. The inner circle has high energy and is used to melt the wire material to repair the workpiece 17 to be repaired. The outer circle has low energy and is used to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece 17 to be repaired.

[0036] The circulating water cooling channel 7 surrounds the outer wall of the shaping element 5. During the operation of the device, the conversion of laser energy and the operation of each component will generate heat. The circulating water cooling channel 7 can take away the heat in time through the circulating cooling medium (such as water or special coolant), maintain the device within a suitable operating temperature range, ensure the stability of the performance of each component, prevent the deformation of optical components and the degradation of electronic component performance due to overheating, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the repair process.

[0037] An air inlet 11 is provided on the outer wall of the inner exhaust chamber 10, and the air inlet 11 is connected to the inner exhaust chamber 10. During the preparation stage of the device, an inert protective gas (such as argon) is introduced into the inner exhaust chamber 10 through the air inlet 11. After the gas enters the inner exhaust chamber 10, a stable air curtain is formed in the chamber, which can effectively isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment, preventing them from entering the repair area and affecting the repair effect. At the same time, the air curtain can also take away some harmful gases and metal vapors generated during the repair process, keeping the repair area clean and stable.

[0038] The wire feeding structure includes a wire feeding tube 14. The wire feeding tube 14 is arranged inside the cladding head 16, and the wire feeding tube 14 is used to feed the welding wire to the cladding head 16. The welding wire is fed to the cladding head 16 by the wire feeding tube 14, and the coaxial fuse is realized with the laser beam transmitted by the laser channel 15. The angle between the wire feeding tube 14 and the horizontal direction is 90°, and the angle range can be adjusted according to different repair processes and workpiece shapes to ensure that the welding wire can achieve the best melting and fusion effect in the laser action area. The wire feeding tube 14 is arranged in the middle of the inside of the cladding head 16, and the outer wall of the wire feeding tube 14 is connected to the inner wall of the cladding head 16 by a fixed block.

[0039] Working principle: When performing underwater laser fuse repair, first install and position the device at a suitable position above the surface of the workpiece to be repaired 17. Select a suitable wire material according to the material and service performance requirements of the workpiece to be repaired 17, and install it on the wire feeding mechanism.

[0040] After starting the device, inert protective gas is introduced into the inner exhaust chamber 10 through the air inlet 11 to form a stable air curtain. At the same time, the outer drainage chamber 12 starts to drain water, forming a relatively dry repair area under the water shield 13. The energy-controllable spot ring spot system 2 starts to work, and the laser enters from the light inlet 3, passes through the transmission channel 4 to the shaping element 5 for spot shaping, and then passes through the collimating lens 8 and the focusing lens 9 in turn, and finally focuses on the inside of the laser channel 15. Among them, the high-energy part of the inner circle of the laser beam formed by the focusing lens 9 is used to melt the wire delivered by the wire feeding tube 14, so that the welding wire forms a molten pool on the surface of the workpiece and fuses with the workpiece material to achieve repair; the low-energy part of the outer circle is used to clean the oxides and other impurities on the surface of the workpiece 17 to be repaired, so as to improve the quality and bonding strength of the repair. During the entire repair process, the laser power adjustment unit continuously adjusts the laser input power according to the preset parameters and real-time feedback information to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the repair process. The circulating water cooling channel 7 works continuously to take away the heat generated by the device and maintain the normal operation of the device. The wire feeding mechanism delivers the welding wire at the set speed and angle, ensuring that the welding wire can accurately enter the laser action area to achieve high-quality underwater laser fuse repair.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a method based on the energy controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Install and position the repair device on the surface of the workpiece 17 to be repaired, and select the wire material according to the material and service performance requirements of the workpiece 17 to be repaired;

[0044] S2, introducing gas into the air inlet 11 to exhaust the water vapor inside the water shield 13 to form a local gas phase area, then setting the repair route, making the repair device run empty according to the preset repair route to verify the reliability of the repair path, and at the same time using the outer ring light source of the laser beam to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece 17 to be repaired;

[0045] S3, then introducing inert protective gas into the inner exhaust cavity 10 through the air inlet 11 to form a stable air curtain to isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment, and then starting the energy controllable spot ring light spot system 2, and adjusting the input power of the laser beam according to the preset repair process parameters and real-time feedback information through the laser power adjustment unit;

[0046] S4, the laser beam enters the shaping element 5 through the light inlet 3, undergoes preliminary shaping, then undergoes collimation processing through the collimating lens 8, and finally is focused into the laser channel 15 by the focusing lens 9;

[0047] S5, the wire feeding tube 14 feeds the welding wire to the cladding head 16, and then the focused laser beam is fed into the cladding head 16, so as to achieve coaxial melting of the laser beam and the welding wire, and complete the repair of the workpiece 17 to be repaired.

[0048] Therefore, the above-mentioned energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device and method are used to effectively solve the problems of energy control, environmental interference and repair quality in the underwater laser fuse repair process, ensuring the coaxial fuse while achieving high-quality and high-efficiency underwater workpiece repair.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0050] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device based on energy controllable, characterized in that: It includes a cover plate, an energy-controllable point ring light spot system, an inner exhaust cavity and an outer drainage cavity, the cover plate is arranged on the top of the outer drainage cavity, the inner exhaust cavity and the outer drainage cavity are symmetrically arranged, the energy-controllable point ring light spot system is arranged inside the structure composed of two inner exhaust cavities, the two inner exhaust cavities are arranged inside the structure composed of two outer drainage cavities, the bottom of the outer drainage cavity is connected to a water retaining cover, and a wire feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the water retaining cover.

2. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy controllable point ring spot system has a built-in laser power adjustment unit for adjusting the input power of the laser according to preset repair process parameters and real-time feedback information, and also includes a light inlet, a shaping element and a protective lens. The light inlets are symmetrically arranged inside the cover plate, and the two light inlets are connected to the shaping element through a transmission channel. The protective lens is arranged on the cover plate directly above the shaping element.

3. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A collimating lens and a focusing lens are provided below the shaping element. The collimating lens and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the laser transmission path. A laser channel is provided below the focusing lens. A cladding head is provided below the laser channel. The collimating lens is used to collimate the incoming laser beam to make the laser beam a beam with high parallelism. The focusing lens is used to focus the collimated laser beam on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired to ensure that the laser energy can be concentrated on the repairing part. The laser channel is used to transmit the focused laser.

4. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser beam passing through the focusing lens includes an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring has high energy and is used to melt the wire material to repair the workpiece to be repaired, and the outer ring has low energy and is used to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired.

5. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A circulating water cooling channel is arranged on the outer side of the shaping element. The circulating water cooling channel surrounds the outer wall of the shaping element and removes the heat generated during the operation of the device through the circulating cooling medium.

6. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner exhaust cavity is provided with an air inlet, which is communicated with the inner exhaust cavity and is used to introduce inert protective gas and form a stable air curtain in the inner exhaust cavity to isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment.

7. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wire feeding structure comprises a wire feeding tube, which is arranged inside the cladding head and used to feed the welding wire to the cladding head. The welding wire is fed to the cladding head by the wire feeding tube and a coaxial fuse is realized with the laser beam transmitted by the laser channel.

8. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wire feeding tube is arranged at a position exactly in the middle of the cladding head, and the outer wall of the wire feeding tube is connected to the inner wall of the cladding head via a fixing block.

9. The energy-controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle between the wire feeding tube and the horizontal direction is 90°.

10. A method based on an energy controllable underwater laser coaxial fuse repair device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install and position the repair device on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired, and select the wire material according to the material and service performance requirements of the workpiece to be repaired; S2, introducing gas into the air inlet to exhaust the water vapor inside the water shield to form a local gas phase area, then setting the repair route, making the repair device run empty according to the preset repair route to verify the reliability of the repair path, and using the outer ring light source of the laser beam to clean the oxide on the surface of the workpiece to be repaired; S3, then introducing inert protective gas into the inner exhaust cavity through the air inlet to form a stable air curtain to isolate water vapor and impurities in the underwater environment, then starting the energy controllable spot ring spot system, and adjusting the input power of the laser beam according to the preset repair process parameters and real-time feedback information through the laser power adjustment unit; S4, the laser beam enters the shaping element through the light inlet, undergoes preliminary shaping, then undergoes collimation through the collimating lens, and finally is focused into the laser channel by the focusing lens; S5. The wire feeding tube delivers the welding wire to the cladding head, and then the focused laser beam is sent into the cladding head, so as to achieve coaxial melting of the laser beam and the welding wire, thereby completing the repair of the workpiece to be repaired.

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