Tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel karst cave excavation, in particular to tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment and method.The tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment comprises a plate trailer, a mounting unit is arranged on the plate trailer and comprises a fan-shaped body, a rotating groove is formed in the middle of the fan-shaped body, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the rotating groove, and the lower end of a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected to the inner bottom of the rotating groove; the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with an ejector block, and a groove is formed in the ejector block and used for clamping a grouting pipe. The designed tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment is flexible in construction, the position can be flexibly adjusted, and radial grouting pipes at different position points can be installed; the stability is high, each section of grouting pipe can be stably jacked into a hole through the jacking acting force of the hydraulic cylinder, and high safety is achieved; the device is simple in structure and high in efficiency, a supporting frame does not need to be built, the plate trailer can quickly move into the tunnel, after the grouting pipe is installed, the plate trailer can quickly drive away from the site, time and labor are saved, and more time is saved for follow-up tunneling direction equipment machinery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel karst cave excavation, and in particular to a tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] Karst sections are often encountered during tunnel construction. The impact on tunnel construction is specifically manifested in reducing the reliability of surrounding rock use, causing greater difficulty and safety hazards in construction. How to ensure the safety, technicality and reliability of construction in karst sections is an urgent problem to be solved in the construction of karst sections.

[0003] The current solution generally adopts pipe-roof support technology, that is, a pipe-roof structure is built in the tunnel, multiple grouting pipes are inserted along the tunnel excavation direction, and then the slurry is pumped into the earth by a high-pressure mud pump to form a stable arc-shaped support system in front of the tunnel before excavation, and then the earth in the support system is excavated and discharged;

[0004] However, when excavating a tunnel in a karst area, the hollow points in the karst area are randomly distributed on the periphery of the tunnel. When constructing a support system, the support system is only constructed in the excavation direction, which cannot guarantee the safety of the tunnel. It is also necessary to construct a support system in the radial direction of the tunnel to fill the hollow points.

[0005] When constructing the support system in the direction of tunnel excavation, due to the larger space in the direction of tunnel excavation, equipment or machines can be flexibly operated in the space in the direction of tunnel excavation, while the radial operation space of the tunnel is limited, resulting in the need to build temporary support frames for various construction links. After the construction of the radial grouting pipe in the tunnel is completed, the support frame must be dismantled to ensure the subsequent construction of the grouting pipe in the direction of tunnel excavation. The construction and subsequent dismantling of the support frame will affect the progress of the entire tunnel excavation construction. In serious cases, the tunnel excavation operation cannot be completed within the completion time.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an integrated device and method for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the integrated equipment for tunnel karst detection and grouting reinforcement described in the present invention includes a cart, which is used to travel in the tunnel, and the cart is provided with an installation unit, which is used to install the grouting pipe inside the tunnel, and the installation unit includes a fan-shaped body, a rotating groove is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped body, a hydraulic cylinder is provided in the rotating groove, the lower end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating groove, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a top block, and the top block is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to clamp the grouting pipe.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of slots are evenly arranged on the fan-shaped body;

[0010] A fixed block is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, a slide plate connected with a spring is provided below the fixed block, and clamping rods are provided on both sides of the slide plate, and the clamping rods can be embedded in two opposite clamping grooves;

[0011] Two symmetrical anti-slip portions are provided on the outer edge of the slot of each of the card slots;

[0012] The end of the clamping rod is provided with an elastic sheet, which is embedded in the clamping slot along with the clamping rod, and the two ends of the elastic sheet are pressed against the anti-dropping part.

[0013] Preferably, a limit switch is provided on the inner side wall of each of the card slots, and the limit switch is electrically connected to an external indicator light, and the indicator light is used to prompt that the card rod is installed in place.

[0014] Preferably, a movable block is provided in the groove of the top block, and an installation groove adapted for the grouting pipe is opened on the movable block. The installation groove is ring-shaped, and a top screw is threadedly connected on the outer wall of the top block. The end of the top screw passes through the top block and the movable block in sequence, and is squeezed on the surface of the grouting pipe in the installation groove.

[0015] Preferably, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly includes a motor, the end shell of the motor is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the top block, and the motor is used to drive the rotation of the top block;

[0016] A cross-shaped limiting block is arranged in the installation groove; a cross-shaped limiting groove is opened at the end position of the grouting pipe, the end of the grouting pipe is embedded in the installation groove, and the limiting block is embedded in the limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the outer ring of the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to a ring body, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the outer ring ring. The support plate extends along the axis direction of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a lifting part is provided at the end of the support plate, which can lift the grouting pipe.

[0018] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the cart, the slide groove is provided along the width direction of the cart, a base plate is provided in the slide groove, and a mounting unit is installed on the base plate;

[0019] The lower surface of the base plate is symmetrically provided with receiving grooves, and a supporting rod is rotatably connected in the receiving grooves.

[0020] Preferably, a positioning rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the support rod, one end of the positioning rod is pressed into a positioning groove provided in the storage groove, and the other end of the positioning rod is pressed against the ground along with the support rod.

[0021] A tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method, the tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method is suitable for the above-mentioned tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment, the tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: Close the tunnel face and use mesh shotcrete to seal the tunnel face, which can ensure the stability of the construction platform and provide grouting control for the pipe shed grouting;

[0023] S2: Level the site. To meet the construction requirements of drilling rigs and other equipment, level and compact the steps within 12-15m behind the face, and set up a mechanical walking ramp. To ensure the stability of the drilling rig during operation, if necessary, lay a 14-16mm thick steel plate on the working plane of the drilling rig to improve the stability of the foundation;

[0024] S3: Drilling positioning, positioning by total station, within the range of 120° of the arch, 20cm inward from the structural outline, with a 40cm circumferential spacing of the holes, and mark the points where the pipe shed will be installed on the face to improve the accuracy of the pipe shed installation and facilitate the arrangement of a reasonable pipe shed construction sequence during construction;

[0025] S4: Pipe shed drilling and grouting. After the above preparations are completed, the drilling and grouting of the pipe shed will begin. According to the designed length and quantity, the grouting will be carried out in sections with an external insertion angle of 3-7°. After all pipe sheds are completed, the grouting of the pipe shed will be carried out.

[0026] S5: Detect the internal conditions of the cave. Drive the cart to the cave site. Install the drilling machine at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. Drive the hydraulic cylinder and the drilling machine to drill holes along the radial direction of the cave to take samples. Drill holes at multiple angles to detect the internal conditions of the earthwork caves.

[0027] S6: The grouting is stable. The grouting pipe is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder pushes the grouting pipe along the previously sampled hole, and then high-pressure grouting is performed to fill the hollow space inside the cavity.

[0028] S7: After the construction of the pipe shed is completed, the relevant machinery and equipment will be evacuated from the work surface in an orderly manner to prepare for tunnel excavation operations.

[0029] Preferably, before step S3 is performed, the machinery and tools are pre-positioned and debugged, and the necessary machinery and tools for pipe-roof construction, such as down-the-hole drills and grouting machines, are moved to the construction site and reasonably arranged on the work platform to prevent mutual interference among the machines and tools during operation, ensure the stability of the equipment, avoid displacement, swinging, and overturning of the equipment during operation, and confirm and debug the performance and parameters of the machinery and tools to ensure the reliability of the machinery and tools operation and the performance of the mechanical properties.

[0030] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0031] 1. In the present invention, the integrated equipment for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement is designed, which is flexible in construction and can flexibly adjust the position to install radial grouting pipes at different positions; it has strong stability, and each section of the grouting pipe can be stably pushed into the hole through the upward force of the hydraulic cylinder, which has high safety; it has high efficiency, and there is no need to build a support frame. The cart can be quickly moved into the tunnel. After the grouting pipe is installed, the cart can quickly leave the site, saving time and effort, and freeing up more time for subsequent excavation direction equipment and machinery.

[0032] 2. In the present invention, the designed support plate can hold up the end of the grouting pipe or the extension pipe, reduce its swing amplitude, improve the accuracy of inserting the grouting pipe into the hole, and improve the accuracy of the threaded connection between the extension pipe and the grouting pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A first-perspective stereoscopic diagram of the integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A second perspective stereogram of the integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the integrated equipment for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a top view of the integrated equipment for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a side view of the integrated equipment for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the base plate and the fan-shaped body in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the hydraulic cylinder and the top block in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the fan-shaped body in the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination between the grouting pipe and the support plate in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination between the top block and the movable block in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 A top view of the movable block in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 An exploded view of the grouting pipe and the extension pipe in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the support rod and the base plate in the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 The present invention is a flow chart of the tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method.

[0047] In the figure: 1. cart; 2. fan-shaped body; 3. rotating groove; 4. hydraulic cylinder; 5. top block; 6. groove; 7. grouting pipe; 8. driving wheel; 9. box body; 10. extension pipe; 11. slot; 12. fixing block; 13. tension spring; 14. slide plate; 15. clamping rod; 16. anti-slip part; 17. limit switch; 18. movable block; 19. installation groove; 20. top screw; 21. motor; 22. limit block; 23. limit groove; 24. ring body; 25. support plate; 26. lifting part; 27. slide groove; 28. base plate; 29. ​​storage groove; 30. support rod; 31. positioning rod; 32. positioning groove; 33. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 - Fig. 9 , a tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment, including a cart 1, the cart 1 is used to travel in the tunnel, and the cart 1 is provided with an installation unit, the installation unit is used to install a grouting pipe 7 inside the tunnel, and the installation unit includes a fan-shaped body 2, a rotation groove 3 is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped body 2, a hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided in the rotation groove 3, the lower end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotation groove 3, and a top block 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and a groove 6 is provided on the top block 5, and the groove 6 is used to clamp the grouting pipe 7;

[0050] In this embodiment, the integrated equipment for tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement is designed for radial grouting reinforcement of tunnels in karst cave areas, and a radial support system is constructed, which cooperates with the support system constructed by the grouting pipe 7 in the excavation direction to jointly support the outer earthwork inside the tunnel, forming a more stable support system.

[0051] The cart 1 designed in this embodiment is a vehicle body with driving wheels 8, each driving wheel 8 of the cart 1 can be independently controlled, and the position of the cart 1 can be flexibly adjusted when the cart 1 moves into the tunnel;

[0052] In order to improve the installation efficiency of the radial grouting pipe 7, installation units can be designed on both sides of the trolley 1, and a box 9 is designed between the installation units. The grouting pipe 7 and the extension pipe 10 to be inserted are contained in the box 9, as shown in the figure;

[0053] The insertion end of the grouting pipe 7 is as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, one end is pointed and the other end is provided with an internal thread. The extension pipe 10 of the grouting pipe 7 is as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, one end is provided with an external thread, which cooperates with the internal thread of the other end of the grouting pipe 7, and the other end of the extension pipe 10 is provided with an internal thread, which cooperates with another extension pipe 10;

[0054] A hydraulic motor is also provided in the rotating groove 3 to drive the hydraulic cylinder 4 in the rotating groove 3, so as to realize the deflection of the hydraulic cylinder 4 at different angles;

[0055] The trolley 1 moves to a designated position inside the tunnel, firstly detects the internal situation of the radial earthwork in the tunnel, installs a drilling machine on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, drills a hole on the tunnel surface, samples the drilled soil for observation, and prepares the grouting slurry according to the soil sample. If necessary, extend the camera into the drilled hole to observe whether there is a hollow space or water. If there is water, extract it and then perform grouting;

[0056] After the detection is completed, the drilling machine is removed from the hydraulic cylinder 4, the grouting pipe 7 is installed, and the grouting pipe 7 of the box body 9 is taken out. The other end of the grouting pipe 7 is located in the groove 6, and then the top angle of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is adjusted by the hydraulic motor;

[0057] Drive the hydraulic cylinder 4, which presses the grouting pipe 7 into the previously drilled hole. If necessary, add an extension pipe 10 to the grouting pipe 7 so that the grouting pipe 7 can be extended to a deeper position so that the slurry can fully fill the hollow space. Then, the hydraulic motor is used to adjust the top angle of the hydraulic cylinder 4 in turn to press the grouting pipe 7 into each hole.

[0058] After the installation of the grouting pipe 7 on the same radial vertical surface is completed, the grouting pipe 7 on the next vertical surface is installed, and at the same time, the slurry is injected into the grouting pipe 7 that has been installed before through a high-pressure mud pump, that is, grouting is carried out while the grouting pipe 7 is installed, so as to make full use of the time gaps between different construction times, improve the construction efficiency, and ensure that the tunnel excavation operation is completed within the completion time.

[0059] After the radial grouting pipe 7 is constructed and grouting is completed, the plate car 1 and other equipment or machinery are evacuated from the site, and then the excavation equipment and machinery enter to carry out earth excavation in the excavation direction;

[0060] Compared with the existing support frame for installation of the grouting pipe 7, the integrated tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement equipment designed in this embodiment is flexible and can flexibly adjust the position to install the radial grouting pipe 7 at different positions; it has strong stability, and each section of the grouting pipe 7 can be stably pushed into the hole through the upward force of the hydraulic cylinder 4, which has high safety; it is efficient and does not need to build a support frame. The cart 1 can be quickly moved into the tunnel. After the grouting pipe 7 is installed, the cart 1 can quickly leave the site, saving time and effort, and freeing up more time for subsequent excavation direction equipment and machinery.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 - Fig.13 , a plurality of slots 11 are evenly arranged on the fan-shaped body 2;

[0062] A fixing block 12 is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 4, a slide plate 14 connected to a tension spring 13 is provided below the fixing block 12, and clamping rods 15 are provided on both sides of the slide plate 14, and the clamping rods 15 can be embedded in two opposite clamping grooves 11;

[0063] Two symmetrical anti-slip portions 16 are provided on the outer edge of the slot of each of the slots 11;

[0064] The end of the clamping rod 15 is provided with an elastic sheet 33, which is embedded in the clamping slot 11 along with the clamping rod 15, and the two ends of the elastic sheet 33 are pressed against the anti-slip portion 16;

[0065] From the detection of drilling sampling to the insertion of the grouting pipe 7, the position of the trolley 1 will not move, ensuring that the subsequent grouting pipe 7 is smoothly inserted into the hole. At the same time, considering the stability of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the rotating groove 3 when the hydraulic cylinder 4 pushes the grouting pipe 7 into the hole, that is, the hydraulic motor accidentally releases pressure, the output direction of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is inclined to the axis of the hole, which will cause the end of the grouting pipe 7 to fail to enter along the axis of the hole. The end of the grouting pipe 7 may be inclined to the axis of the hole and inserted into the earthwork, or the hydraulic motor completely loses power, and the hydraulic cylinder 4 topples over, causing a construction accident;

[0066] In view of the above problems, in the present embodiment, a clamping rod 15 and a clamping slot 11 are designed to assist the hydraulic motor in stabilizing the hydraulic cylinder 4; after the hydraulic motor drives the hydraulic cylinder 4 to rotate a specified angle, the clamping rod 15 is embedded in the corresponding clamping slot 11, and at the same time, the end of the spring 33 is pressed against the anti-slip portion 16 to stabilize the clamping rod 15 in the clamping slot 11. At this time, the constraint between the clamping rod 15 and the clamping slot 11 stabilizes the deflection of the hydraulic cylinder 4. When it is necessary to adjust the deflection angle of the hydraulic cylinder 4, the two adjacent spring sheets 33 are squeezed inward, and the end of the spring sheet 33 is separated from the anti-slip portion 16. At this time, the slide plate 14 moves in a fixed direction under the action of the tension spring 13 to which it is connected, and the clamping rod 15 is separated from the clamping slot 11. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 4 is in a free state dominated by the hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor drives the hydraulic cylinder 4 to deflect in the rotating slot 3.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 - Fig.13 A limit switch 17 is provided on the inner side wall of each of the card slots 11, and the limit switch 17 is electrically connected to an external indicator light, and the indicator light is used to prompt that the card rod 15 is installed in place;

[0068] A limit switch 17 is arranged in the card slot 11, and the limit switch 17 is used to detect whether the card rod 15 and the spring piece 33 are installed in place, so as to ensure that the hydraulic cylinder 4 can be stabilized by the card rod 15; the card rod 15 is embedded in the card slot 11, and two adjacent spring pieces 33 are squeezed on the contact of the limit switch 17. When the spring piece 33 is completely embedded in the card slot 11 and the end of the spring piece 33 is against the anti-slip portion 16, the spring piece 33 can trigger the limit switch 17, that is, when the contact movement stroke of the limit switch 17 completely reaches the specified amount, the limit switch 17 can be triggered, and the control indicator light is lit, giving a prompt to the construction personnel, standardizing the construction operation, and improving the construction safety.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 - Fig. 9 A movable block 18 is provided in the groove 6 of the top block 5, and a mounting groove 19 adapted to the grouting pipe 7 is provided on the movable block 18. The mounting groove 19 is in a ring shape, and a top screw 20 is threadedly connected on the outer wall of the top block 5. The end of the top screw 20 passes through the top block 5 and the movable block 18 in sequence, and is squeezed on the surface of the grouting pipe 7 in the mounting groove 19;

[0070] The diameter of the grouting pipe 7 has various specifications, and the grouting pipe 7 of different specifications is selected according to the specific conditions of the tunnel excavation;

[0071] The groove 6 of a single size cannot adapt to the grouting pipes 7 of different specifications. After the grouting pipe 7 of a smaller diameter is inserted into the larger groove 6, the grouting pipe 7 will wobble, or the grouting pipe 7 will directly fall out of the groove 6. For this purpose, a movable block 18 is designed. The movable block 18 and the groove 6 are detachably installed. The grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe is installed in the installation groove 19, and then the top screw 20 is tightened. The end of the top screw 20 passes through the top block 5 and the movable block 18, and is pressed against the surface of the grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe. The top screw 20 fixes the top block 5 and the movable block 18 together. At the same time, the top screw 20 squeezes and fixes the extension pipe or the grouting pipe 7 on the movable block 18, thereby ensuring the stability between the grouting pipe 7 and the extension pipe and the hydraulic cylinder 4, and smoothly pushing them into the hole.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 - Fig.12 The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with a rotating assembly, and the rotating assembly includes a motor 21. The end shell of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the top block 5, and the motor 21 is used to drive the rotation of the top block 5;

[0073] A cross-shaped limiting block 22 is provided in the installation groove 19; a cross-shaped limiting groove 23 is provided at the end of the grouting pipe 7, the end of the grouting pipe 7 is embedded in the installation groove 19, and the limiting block 22 is embedded in the limiting groove 23;

[0074] The grouting pipe 7 and the extension pipe are connected together by threads. The grouting pipe 7 that has been pushed into the hole has been squeezed and wrapped by the inner wall of the hole. When installing the extension pipe 10 later, the extension pipe 10 is installed in the installation groove 19, the limit groove 23 and the limit block 22 are meshed with each other, and then the external thread of the extension pipe 10 is rotated and screwed on the internal thread of the grouting pipe 7, and the motor 21 drives the top block 5 to rotate. The rotation and tightening process is divided into two processes. In the first process, the motor 21 slowly drives the extension pipe 10 to rotate, and makes the external thread mesh with the internal thread. The thread installation sequence meshes, and the meshing overlap length is half or two-thirds of the total thread length. Then, the second process is carried out, and the motor 21 drives the top block 5 to rotate rapidly, and utilizes the friction between the hole and the grouting pipe 7 and the inertia of the grouting pipe 7 itself, so that when the extension pipe is performing the second selection process, the extension pipe can be tightly threadedly connected to the grouting pipe 7, thereby ensuring the strength of the threaded connection, and no manual final tightening is required later.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 - Fig. 9 The outer ring of the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is rotatably connected with a ring body 24, and a support plate 25 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the ring body 24. The support plate 25 extends to along the axis direction of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and a lifting part 26 is provided at the end of the support plate 25. The lifting part 26 can lift the grouting pipe 7;

[0076] The designed ring body 24 cooperates with the support plate 25 to assist the movable block 18 in fixing the grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe. The longer extension pipe or grouting pipe 7 is installed on the movable block 18. When the extension pipe or grouting pipe 7 is pushed on the hydraulic cylinder 4, the extension pipe or grouting pipe 7 will swing, resulting in the end of the grouting pipe 7 being unable to be accurately and quickly inserted into the hole, or the external thread of the extension pipe is difficult to accurately and quickly fit the internal thread of the grouting pipe 7; the designed support plate 25 can hold up the end of the grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe 10, reduce its swing amplitude, improve the accuracy of the grouting pipe 7 being inserted into the hole, and improve the accuracy of the threaded connection between the extension pipe and the grouting pipe 7.

[0077] Reference Figure 1 - Fig.13 The trolley 1 is provided with a chute 27, which is provided along the width direction of the trolley 1, and a base plate 28 is provided in the chute 27, on which a mounting unit is mounted, and a sector 2 of the mounting unit is fixedly connected to the base plate 28, and a hydraulic motor is mounted inside the base plate 28;

[0078] The lower surface of the base plate 28 is symmetrically provided with a receiving groove 29, and a support rod 30 is rotatably connected in the receiving groove 29;

[0079] The base plate 28 can slide along the slide groove 27. When constructing a wider tunnel, the base plate 28 is moved to move toward the tunnel side wall, and the distance between the base plate 28 and the tunnel side wall is adjusted, so that when the hydraulic cylinder 4 pushes the grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 4 can effectively push the grouting pipe 7 or the extension pipe into the hole, and there is no need to adjust the position of the trolley 1, so the operation is more flexible and convenient.

[0080] Taking into account the stability of the base plate 28 after it is moved to one side of the cart 1, a retractable support rod 30 is provided on the base plate 28, and the support plate 25 is rotated to support the end of the support plate 25 on the ground inside the tunnel. Pads or steel plates can be laid on the ground so that the support rod 30 can effectively support the base plate 28 to ensure the stability of the base plate 28.

[0081] Reference Figure 1 - Fig.13 A positioning rod 31 is slidably connected to the side wall of the support rod 30, one end of the positioning rod 31 is pressed against a positioning groove 32 provided in the receiving groove 29, and the other end of the positioning rod 31 is pressed against the ground along with the support rod 30;

[0082] The support rod 30 is against the steel plate. In order to ensure the stability between the support rod 30 and the steel plate, a positioning rod 31 is designed. When the base plate 28 slides out of the slide groove 27, the support rod 30 is rotated to be taken out, and the positioning rod 31 is pushed up at the same time. The upper end of the positioning rod 31 is embedded in the positioning groove 32. At this time, the rotation of the support rod 30 is stabilized by the positioning rod 31. Then, a pad or a steel plate is laid at the lower end of the support rod 30 to support the support rod 30 on the ground. At the same time, the pad and the steel plate will also support the positioning rod 31; the support rod 30 is stabilized, thereby stabilizing and supporting the base plate 28.

[0083] Reference Fig.14 A tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method, the tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method is suitable for the above-mentioned tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated equipment, the tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method comprises the following steps:

[0084] S1: Close the tunnel face and use mesh shotcrete to seal the tunnel face, which can ensure the stability of the construction platform and provide grouting control for the pipe shed grouting;

[0085] S2: Level the site. To meet the construction requirements of drilling rigs and other equipment, level and compact the steps within 12-15m behind the face, and set up a mechanical walking ramp. To ensure the stability of the drilling rig during operation, if necessary, lay a 14-16mm thick steel plate on the working plane of the drilling rig to improve the stability of the foundation;

[0086] S3: Drilling positioning, positioning by total station, within the range of 120° of the arch, 20cm inward from the structural outline, with a 40cm circumferential spacing of the holes, and mark the points where the pipe shed will be installed on the face to improve the accuracy of the pipe shed installation and facilitate the arrangement of a reasonable pipe shed construction sequence during construction;

[0087] S4: Pipe shed drilling and grouting. After the above preparations are completed, the drilling and grouting of the pipe shed will begin. According to the designed length and quantity, the grouting will be carried out in sections with an external insertion angle of 3-7°. After all pipe sheds are completed, the grouting of the pipe shed will be carried out.

[0088] S5: Detect the internal situation of the cave, drive the cart 1 to the cave site, install the drilling machine at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, drive the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the drilling machine, drill holes along the radial direction of the cave to take samples, and drill holes at multiple angles to detect the situation of the earthwork cave inside the cave;

[0089] S6: The grouting is stable, and the grouting pipe 7 is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4. The hydraulic cylinder 4 pushes the grouting pipe 7 along the previously sampled hole, and then performs high-pressure grouting to fill the hollow inside the hole;

[0090] S7: After the construction of the pipe shed is completed, the relevant machinery and equipment will be evacuated from the work surface in an orderly manner to prepare for tunnel excavation operations.

[0091] Reference Fig.14 Before step S3 is performed, the equipment is pre-positioned and debugged, and the necessary equipment for pipe-roof construction, such as down-the-hole drills and grouting machines, is moved to the construction site and reasonably arranged on the work platform to prevent the mutual interference of the equipment during the operation, ensure the stability of the equipment, avoid displacement, swing, and overturning of the equipment during the operation, and confirm and debug the performance and parameters of the equipment to ensure the reliability of the equipment operation and the performance of the mechanical performance.

[0092] Working principle:

[0093] The cart 1 is driven to a designated position in the tunnel. The first step is to detect the internal situation of the radial earthwork in the tunnel. The drilling machine is installed on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4. The drilling machine drills holes on the surface of the tunnel, and the drilled soil is sampled and observed. Grouting slurry is prepared according to the soil sample. If necessary, the camera is extended into the drilled hole to observe whether there is a hollow place or water. If there is water, it is pumped out and then grouting is performed;

[0094] The second step is to remove the drilling machine from the hydraulic cylinder 4 after the detection is completed, install the grouting pipe 7, take out the grouting pipe 7 of the box 9, and the other end of the grouting pipe 7 is located in the groove 6, and then adjust the top angle of the hydraulic cylinder 4 through the hydraulic motor;

[0095] Drive the hydraulic cylinder 4, which presses the grouting pipe 7 into the previously drilled hole. If necessary, add an extension pipe 10 to the grouting pipe 7 so that the grouting pipe 7 can be extended to a deeper position so that the slurry can fully fill the hollow space. Then, the hydraulic motor is used to adjust the top angle of the hydraulic cylinder 4 in turn to press the grouting pipe 7 into each hole.

[0096] The third step is to install the grouting pipe 7 on the next vertical plane after the installation of the grouting pipe 7 on the same radial vertical plane is completed, and at the same time, the slurry is injected into the grouting pipe 7 that has been installed before through a high-pressure mud pump, that is, grouting is carried out while installing the grouting pipe 7, so as to make full use of the time intervals between different constructions, improve the construction efficiency, and ensure that the tunnel excavation operation is completed within the completion time.

[0097] The fourth step is to evacuate the platen 1 and other equipment or machinery from the site after the radial grouting pipe 7 is constructed and grouting is completed, and then the excavating equipment and machinery enter to carry out earth excavation in the excavation direction.

[0098] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cart (1) which is used to travel in a tunnel and is provided with an installation unit, which is used to install a grouting pipe (7) inside the tunnel, and comprises a fan-shaped body (2), a rotation groove (3) is provided in the middle of the fan-shaped body (2), a hydraulic cylinder (4) is provided in the rotation groove (3), the lower end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotation groove (3), and a top block (5) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4), and a groove (6) is provided on the top block (5), and the groove (6) is used to clamp the grouting pipe (7).

2. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of slots (11) are evenly arranged on the sector-shaped body (2); A fixed block (12) is connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (4); a slide plate (14) connected to a spring is provided below the fixed block (12); clamping rods (15) are provided on both sides of the slide plate (14); and the clamping rods (15) can be embedded in two opposite clamping grooves (11); Two symmetrical anti-slip portions (16) are provided on the outer edge of the notch of each of the clamping slots (11); The end of the clamping rod (15) is provided with a spring sheet (33), which is embedded in the clamping slot (11) along with the clamping rod (15), and the two ends of the spring sheet (33) are pressed against the anti-slip portion (16).

3. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A limit switch (17) is provided on the inner side wall of each of the card slots (11), and the limit switch (17) is electrically connected to an external indicator light, and the indicator light is used to prompt that the card rod (15) is installed in place.

4. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A movable block (18) is arranged in the groove (6) of the top block (5), and a mounting groove (19) adapted to the grouting pipe (7) is provided on the movable block (18), the mounting groove (19) is in a ring shape, and a top screw (20) is threadedly connected on the outer wall of the top block (5), and the end of the top screw (20) passes through the top block (5) and the movable block (18) in sequence, and is pressed on the surface of the grouting pipe (7) in the mounting groove (19).

5. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to a rotating assembly, the rotating assembly comprising a motor (21), the end shell of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4), the output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the top block (5), and the motor (21) is used to drive the top block (5) to rotate; A cross-shaped limiting block (22) is provided in the installation groove (19); a cross-shaped limiting groove (23) is provided at the end of the grouting pipe (7); the end of the grouting pipe (7) is embedded in the installation groove (19), and the limiting block (22) is embedded in the limiting groove (23).

6. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 5 is characterized by: The outer ring of the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to a ring body (24), and a support plate (25) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the ring body (24). The support plate (25) extends along the axial direction of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4), and a lifting portion (26) is provided at the end of the support plate (25). The lifting portion (26) can lift the grouting pipe (7).

7. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cart (1) is provided with a slide groove (27), the slide groove (27) is provided along the width direction of the cart (1), a base plate (28) is provided in the slide groove (27), and a mounting unit is installed on the base plate (28); The lower surface of the base plate (28) is symmetrically provided with a receiving groove (29), and a support rod (30) is rotatably connected in the receiving groove (29).

8. The integrated equipment for tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning rod (31) is slidably connected to the side wall of the support rod (30), one end of the positioning rod (31) is pressed against a positioning groove (32) provided in the storage groove (29), and the other end of the positioning rod (31) is pressed against the ground along with the support rod (30).

9. A tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement method, which is applicable to a tunnel karst cave detection and grouting reinforcement integrated device in claims 1-8, characterized in that: The tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement method comprises the following steps: S1: Close the tunnel face and use mesh shotcrete to seal the tunnel face, which can ensure the stability of the construction platform and provide grouting control for the pipe shed grouting; S2: Level the site. To meet the construction requirements of drilling rigs and other equipment, level and compact the steps within 12-15m behind the face, and set up a mechanical walking ramp. To ensure the stability of the drilling rig during operation, if necessary, lay a 14-16mm thick steel plate on the working plane of the drilling rig to improve the stability of the foundation; S3: Drilling positioning, positioning by total station, within the range of 120° of the arch, 20cm inward from the structural outline, with a 40cm circumferential spacing of the holes, and mark the points where the pipe shed will be installed on the face to improve the accuracy of the pipe shed installation and facilitate the arrangement of a reasonable pipe shed construction sequence during construction; S4: Pipe shed drilling and grouting. After the above preparations are completed, the drilling and grouting of the pipe shed will begin. According to the designed length and quantity, the grouting will be carried out in sections with an external insertion angle of 3-7°. After all pipe sheds are completed, the grouting of the pipe shed will be carried out. S5: Detect the internal conditions of the cave, drive the cart (1) to the cave site, install a drilling machine at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4), drive the hydraulic cylinder (4) and the drilling machine, drill holes along the radial direction of the cave to take samples, and drill holes at multiple angles to detect the conditions of the earthwork caves inside the cave; S6: The grouting is stable, and the grouting pipe (7) is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4). The hydraulic cylinder (4) pushes the grouting pipe (7) along the previously sampled hole, and then performs high-pressure grouting to fill the hollow space inside the hole; S7: After the construction of the pipe shed is completed, the relevant machinery and equipment will be evacuated from the work surface in an orderly manner to prepare for tunnel excavation operations.

10. A tunnel cave detection and grouting reinforcement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before step S3 is performed, the equipment is pre-positioned and debugged, and the necessary equipment for pipe-roof construction, such as down-the-hole drills and grouting machines, is moved to the construction site and reasonably arranged on the work platform to prevent mutual interference among the equipment during operation, ensure the stability of the equipment, and avoid displacement, swinging, and overturning of the equipment during operation. The performance and parameters of the equipment are confirmed and debugged to ensure the reliability of the equipment operation and the performance of the mechanical properties.

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