Copper alloy tensile test tool for elevator safety tongs

Abstract

The invention discloses a tensile test tool for a copper alloy for elevator safety tongs, relates to the technical field of tensile tests, and aims to solve the technical problem that the tensile test is difficult to simulate the impact condition possibly encountered by the copper alloy for the safety tongs in actual use, the tensile test tool comprises a base, a fixed table is arranged in the base, and a top plate is arranged above the base; an impact stretching assembly is arranged between the base and the top plate, a slow stretching assembly is arranged between the fixed table and the top plate, the slow stretching assembly comprises an upper pulling plate, a lower pulling plate and a limiting plate, the impact stretching assembly comprises a circulating impact assembly and a step-by-step impact assembly which are arranged above the lower pulling plate, and the step-by-step impact assembly is arranged above the circulating impact assembly. The device has the advantages that the response of the copper alloy raw material when the copper alloy raw material is subjected to suddenly applied tensile impact force can be tested, and various stress tensile states in the actual braking process when the copper alloy raw material is used for elevator safety tongs can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tensile testing, and more specifically to a copper alloy tensile testing tool for elevator safety clamps. Background Art

[0002] The elevator safety clamp is a vital safety protection device for elevators. The elevator safety clamp is a device that stops the car urgently and clamps it on the guide rail when the elevator speed exceeds the speed limit set by the elevator speed limiter or when the suspension rope breaks and loosens under the control of the speed limiter. It can ensure that the elevator will not fall freely, thereby protecting the lives of passengers. Copper alloy has high strength and hardness, and is often used to manufacture key components such as clamp blocks and wedge blocks of elevator safety clamps. It can withstand large impact and friction when the elevator safety clamp is working, ensuring that the safety clamp effectively brakes and clamps the elevator car to prevent the car from falling or sliding down at excessive speed. In the production process, tensile tests are carried out on copper alloy raw materials or finished products to test whether the material quality is stable and whether it meets the design and process requirements, which helps to find problems in time, take measures to improve the production process, and ensure product quality.

[0003] When conducting tensile tests on copper alloy raw materials, existing tensile test equipment usually applies a tensile force in a linear direction to the copper alloy raw materials until the copper alloy raw materials break, and obtains the strength, elongation and other indicators of the copper alloy. However, for copper alloys used in elevator safety clamps, the loading rate of the tensile test is usually relatively slow and relatively stable. When the elevator safety clamp is actually in action, its braking process is often instantaneous, and the loading rate is very fast, which makes it difficult for the tensile test to simulate the impact conditions that the copper alloy used in the safety clamp may encounter in actual use, and it is difficult to test the performance of the material under impact conditions. In view of this, we propose a tensile test tool for copper alloys used in elevator safety clamps. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps, so as to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to simulate the impact conditions that the copper alloy used for the safety clamps may encounter in actual use in the tensile test.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a copper alloy tensile test tool for elevator safety clamps, comprising a base, a fixed platform is arranged inside the base, a top plate is arranged above the base, an impact tensile assembly is arranged between the base and the top plate, and a slow tensile assembly is arranged between the fixed platform and the top plate; the slow tensile assembly comprises an upper pull plate and a lower pull plate, the lower pull plate is provided with a plurality of limit holes and movable holes from top to bottom, a limit plate fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform is arranged in the limit hole, and the limit plate is used to limit the rising limit of the lower pull plate; the impact tensile assembly comprises a cyclic impact assembly and a step-by-step impact assembly arranged above the lower pull plate, and the step-by-step impact assembly is arranged above the cyclic impact assembly; the cyclic impact assembly is used to cyclically apply instantaneous impact force to the top of the lower pull plate, and perform cyclic impact tensile test on the copper alloy raw material, and the step-by-step impact assembly is used to apply instantaneous impact force increasing step by step to the top of the lower pull plate, and perform multiple incremental impact tensile tests on the copper alloy raw material.

[0006] Preferably, the slow stretching assembly also includes a plurality of sliding rods and a plurality of driving covers arranged between the fixed platform and the top plate; the pull-down plate is movably arranged on the sliding rods, the driving cover gap is arranged in the movable hole, a hydraulic cylinder connected to the top of the fixed platform is arranged inside the driving cover, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pull-up plate; two buffer pads are detachably arranged on the top of the fixed platform, and the buffer pads are plate-like structures made of rubber material.

[0007] Preferably, an upper clamp is connected to the bottom of the upper pull plate, and a lower clamp is connected to the top of the lower pull plate, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are arranged along the same vertical axis with a gap, and both ends of the copper alloy raw material are clamped and fixed by the upper clamp and the lower clamp respectively; the limit plate is an L-shaped plate structure, and the protruding structure on the top of the limit plate is arranged above the lower pull plate, and the lower pull plate is movably matched with the limit plate through the limit hole.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the base and the bottom of the top plate are connected by multiple wheel frames and multiple rod frames, every two of the wheel frames form a group, there are two groups of wheel frames, the rod frames are arranged on the sides of the wheel frames, the cyclic impact assembly includes two half gears, the two half gears are respectively rotatably arranged on the side walls of the two groups of wheel frames, the half gears are coaxially connected with a worm gear, a rotating rod is rotatably arranged between the two rod frames, two worms with opposite thread directions are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating rod, the worm is meshingly connected to the worm gear, a motor 1 is also arranged on the top of the base, the output end of the motor 1 is connected to bevel gear 1, the bevel gear 1 is meshingly connected to bevel gear 2, and the side wall of bevel gear 2 is connected to one end of the rotating rod.

[0009] Preferably, the cyclic impact assembly also includes an impact plate, a plurality of top columns are connected to the top of the impact plate, the sliding rod is passed through the impact plate and the top columns from top to bottom, the impact plate and the sliding rod are slidably matched, a tooth plate is connected to one side wall of the impact plate, the tooth plate is meshingly connected to the half gear, a square hole is opened on the top surface of the impact plate, the drive cover is arranged in the square hole, and a planar structure is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the half gear, and the planar structure is used for the half gear and the tooth plate to form a separated state.

[0010] Preferably, the step-by-step impact assembly includes a first gear, a second gear and a driving gear rotatably arranged on the top of the top plate, an equipment rack is also arranged on the top of the top plate, a motor 2 is arranged on the top of the equipment rack, an output end of the motor 2 is connected to the driving gear, the driving gear is meshingly connected to the first gear, the first gear is meshingly connected to the second gear, wherein the first gear forms a coaxial connection with the bevel gear 3 through a rotating column that movably passes through the bottom of the top plate, and the second gear and the first gear are arranged with the same structural components.

[0011] Preferably, two plug-in assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the top plate, and the two plug-in assemblies are arranged in a symmetrical structure. A plurality of stacked impact blocks are arranged between the two plug-in assemblies, and one of the plug-in assemblies includes a plurality of support plates and a plurality of fixed frames connected to the bottom of the top plate, an upper plug-in plate and a lower plug-in plate are arranged in the inner cavity of the fixed frame, and the side walls of the upper plug-in plate and the side walls of the lower plug-in plate are respectively provided with sliding grooves of the same structure, and the side walls of the inner cavity of the fixed frame are connected to a plurality of convex plate structures that fit with the sliding grooves, and the upper plug-in plate and the lower plug-in plate slide in cooperation with the inner cavity of the fixed frame through the sliding grooves.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of tooth openings 1 are provided at the bottom of the upper plug plate, a plurality of tooth openings 2 are provided at the top of the lower plug plate, a transmission gear is arranged between the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate, the transmission gear is meshed and connected with the tooth openings 1 and 2 respectively, the transmission gear is rotatably arranged between the two support plates, the transmission gear is coaxially connected with a bevel gear 4, and the bevel gear 4 is meshed and connected with the bevel gear 3.

[0013] Preferably, the upper plug plate includes a plug, a plurality of rollers are rotatably arranged on the top of the plug, a baffle is connected to the side wall of the plug, a slope structure is provided at the bottom of the plug, and the lower plug plate includes the same structure as the plug.

[0014] Preferably, sliding holes of the same structure are provided at the four corners of the impact block, and the impact block is slidably arranged on the sliding rod through the sliding holes, and the impact block is provided with holes of the same structure as the square hole from top to bottom, and a first groove is provided on one side wall of the impact block, and a movable plate is rotatably arranged in the first groove, and a plug-in channel is formed under the movable plate, and a limiting block is integrally formed on the top of the first groove, and the limiting block is arranged above the movable plate, and an arc column is connected to the inner side wall of the first groove, and the arc column passes through the side wall of the movable plate and cooperates with the movable plate, and an arc spring is sleeved on the arc column, and the arc spring is arranged at the bottom of the movable plate; a second groove is provided on the other side wall of the impact block, and the second groove is symmetrically arranged with the first groove, and a structural component symmetrical to the first groove is arranged in the second groove.

[0015] A method for using a copper alloy tensile test tool for an elevator safety clamp comprises the following steps: S1. Continuously apply a tensile force in a linear direction to the copper alloy raw material. When it is necessary to test various mechanical properties of the copper alloy raw material under a conventional stress state, the two ends of the copper alloy raw material are clamped and fixed by an upper clamp and a lower clamp respectively. At this time, the upper pull plate and the lower pull plate are connected through the copper alloy raw material. The upper pull plate is pushed upward by the hydraulic cylinder inside the driving cover. The upper pull plate drives the lower pull plate to move upward through the copper alloy raw material until the top of the lower pull plate is restricted from moving upward by the limit plate. The upper pull plate continues to move upward, and a continuous tensile force is applied to the copper alloy raw material until the copper alloy raw material breaks, thereby completing the tensile test; S2. A tensile test operation in which an instantaneous impact force is applied to the copper alloy raw material. When it is necessary to simulate the tensile state of the copper alloy raw material applied to the actual braking process of the elevator safety clamp, the copper alloy raw material is first fixed between the upper pull plate and the lower pull plate, and the upper pull plate is adjusted to move upward so that the top of the lower pull plate is limited to rise by the limit plate. The upper pull plate is adjusted to remain at this height to form a static state, and then a vertical downward impact force is applied to the top of the lower pull plate through the impact tensile component, driving the lower pull plate to generate a downward tensile force on the copper alloy raw material, thereby forming an impact type tensile test; S2.1. A tensile test operation of cyclically applying instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material is performed by operating a motor to drive the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod drives two worm wheels to rotate in opposite directions through two worms with opposite thread directions, and further drives two symmetrically distributed half gears to rotate in opposite directions until the plane structure of the half gear is separated from the tooth plate. At this time, the tooth plate loses the supporting effect of the half gear, so that the impact plate is affected by its own gravity and falls vertically downward, forming an impact force on the top of the pull-down plate, so that the pull-down plate applies an instantaneous impact tensile force to the copper alloy raw material, and continues to rotate through the half gear until the half gear and the tooth plate are re-engaged. The rotation of the half gear drives the tooth plate to rise, and then the impact plate rises and resets, and the half gear continues to rotate until the plane structure of the half gear is separated from the tooth plate again, so that the impact plate falls vertically downward again, and an impact force is formed on the top of the pull-down plate again, forming a cycle until the copper alloy raw material breaks, and the tensile test of cyclically applying instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material is completed; S2.2, a tensile test operation is performed on the copper alloy raw material by applying a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force. Through the operation of S2.1, after the impact plate falls vertically downward on the top of the pull-down plate, the rotation of the half gear is stopped to keep the impact plate at the top of the pull-down plate; then the driving gear is driven to rotate by the motor 2, the driving gear drives the first gear to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the first gear also drives the bevel gear 3 to rotate synchronously through the rotating column, the bevel gear 3 drives the transmission gear to rotate through the bevel gear 4, the transmission gear drives the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction, that is, the lower plug plate is inserted into the plug-in channel of the impact block, and the upper plug plate leaves the plug-in channel of the other impact block; the second gear The wheel is similar to the first gear, driving another group of upper plug plates and lower plug plates to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction; and the two lower plug plates will be inserted into the two plug-in channels of the impact block at the same time, and the other two upper plug plates will leave the plug-in channel of another impact block at the same time; when the motor 2 rotates in the opposite direction, the upper plug plate will enter the plug-in channel, and the lower plug plate will leave the plug-in channel; by alternating forward and reverse rotation of the motor 2, multiple impact blocks will fall down one by one, exerting impact force on the top of the pull-down plate, and each impact block will increase the impact force exerted on the top of the pull-down plate on the basis of the previous impact block, so as to achieve a tensile test of applying a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material until the copper alloy raw material breaks; S3, reset operation, after completing the tensile test operation on the copper alloy, relative to the inner cavity of the fixed frame, the lower plug plate is adjusted to the extended state, and the upper plug plate is in the retracted state, and then the half gear continues to rotate until the half gear and the tooth plate re-form a meshing relationship, the rotation of the half gear drives the tooth plate to rise, and then the impact plate rises, the impact plate pushes the multiple superimposed impact blocks above it to rise through multiple top columns, when the impact block rises to the bottom of the lower plug plate in the extended state, as the impact block continues to rise, the plug structure of the lower plug plate will press on the top of the movable plate, drive the movable plate to rotate, so that the impact block can continue to rise, until the impact block enters the top of the lower plug plate, the movable plate is rotated and reset by the elastic force of the arc spring, so that the movable plate remains above the lower plug plate, when all the impact blocks enter the top of the lower plug plate, the top column on the top of the impact plate is separated from the impact block through the reverse rotation of the half gear, the impact block descends, and the bottom of the movable plate falls on the top of the plug structure of the lower plug plate, forming a supporting effect, and completing the reset operation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention designs a cyclic impact component and a step-by-step impact component above the pull-down plate, utilizes the cyclic impact component to cyclically apply instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate, and the step-by-step impact component applies step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate. The response of the copper alloy raw material when subjected to a sudden tensile impact force can be tested, the ability of the copper alloy raw material to resist impact damage can be understood, and various stress and tensile states of the copper alloy raw material in the actual braking process when used for the elevator safety clamp can be simulated, thereby improving the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the tensile test and solving the problem that it is difficult to simulate the impact conditions that the copper alloy used for the safety clamp may encounter in actual use in the tensile test.

[0017] 2. The present invention changes the structure of the existing tensile test tooling, arranges the pull-down plate movably on the sliding rod, and arranges a limit plate fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform in the limit hole of the pull-down plate, designs the limit plate to be an L-shaped plate structure, and makes the protruding structure on the top of the limit plate be arranged above the pull-down plate, and the limit plate can limit the rising limit of the pull-down plate, so that the pull-down plate can be freely lifted and lowered within a limited height. When the tensile test operation of applying instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material is carried out, the upper pull plate is adjusted to move upward so that the top of the pull-down plate is limited to rise by the limit plate, and then the upper pull plate is adjusted to remain at this height to form a static state, and then a vertical downward impact force is applied to the top of the pull-down plate through the impact stretching assembly, and the pull-down plate can transmit the impact force to the copper alloy raw material, and generate a downward tensile force on the copper alloy raw material. If the copper alloy raw material breaks, the pull-down plate can quickly drop and fall on the buffer pad to unload the impact force, which is beneficial to provide a better impact environment for the tensile test of instantaneous impact force.

[0018] 3. The present invention designs two symmetrically arranged half gears and provides a plane structure on the circumferential outer wall of the half gear, so that during the continuous rotation of the half gear, it can form a meshing state and a separation state with the tooth plate. In the meshing state, the half gear drives the impact plate to rise through the tooth plate, and in the separation state, the impact plate forms a free fall, forming an impact force on the top of the pull-down plate below, so that the pull-down plate applies an instantaneous impact downward tensile force to the copper alloy raw material. The device only needs to continuously rotate the half gear to make the impact plate continuously rise and fall to form a cycle, so as to achieve a tensile test of applying an instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material in a cycle, and can keep the impact force of the fall consistent in each cycle. The operation is simple and reliable, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of the test.

[0019] 4. The present invention arranges an upper plug plate and a lower plug plate in a sliding manner in the inner cavity of the fixed frame. When the motor 2 rotates forward, the transmission gear can drive the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction, that is, the lower plug plate is inserted into the plug-in channel of the impact block, and the upper plug plate leaves the plug-in channel of another impact block. When the motor 2 rotates reversely, the upper plug plate will enter the plug-in channel, and the lower plug plate will leave the plug-in channel. By alternating the forward and reverse rotations of the motor 2, multiple impact blocks will fall downward one by one, exerting an impact force on the top of the lower pull-down plate, so as to achieve a tensile test in which a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force is exerted on the copper alloy raw material. By synchronously moving the upper and lower plug plates in the opposite direction, an alternating insertion into the plug-in channel of the impact block is formed, which is conducive to ensuring that only one impact block falls each time, so that each impact block can increase the impact force exerted on the top of the lower pull-down plate on the basis of the previous impact block, and avoid multiple impact blocks falling at the same time and causing confusion in the logic of the test.

[0020] 5. The present invention arranges a movable plate in a groove on the side wall of the impact block, and uses a limit block to limit the upward rotation limit of the movable plate, so that when the impact block is at the top of the upper plug plate or the lower plug plate, the movable plate can maintain a fixed effect through the movable plate to prevent the impact block from actively falling down. When the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate are alternately inserted into the plug-in channel of the impact block, the movable plate can fall from the top of the upper plug plate to the top of the lower plug plate, and then fall from the top of the lower plug plate to the bottom of the lower plug plate again, forming a fall, that is, the impact block falls down. When all the impact blocks have completed the fall and need to be reset, as the impact blocks rise, the plug structure of the lower plug plate will press on the top of the movable plate, drive the movable plate to rotate, so that the impact block can continue to rise until the impact block enters the top of the lower plug plate, and the movable plate is rotated and reset by the elastic force of the arc spring, so that the movable plate is kept above the lower plug plate and supported by the lower plug plate, thereby ensuring smooth reset, and the rising process of the impact block will not be blocked by the upper plug plate and the lower plug plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slow stretching component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the slow stretching component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclic impact assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the impact plate and half gear structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the step-by-step impact assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the step-by-step impact assembly of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper plug board, the lower plug board and the fixing frame of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the upper plug board and the lower plug board of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact block of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the impact block of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-section structure of the step-by-step impact assembly of the present invention.

[0034] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Base; 2. Fixed table; 3. Slow stretching assembly; 4. Impact stretching assembly; 5. Top plate; 301, upper pull plate; 302, lower pull plate; 303, limit hole; 304, movable hole; 305, limit plate; 306, slide bar; 307, drive cover; 308, buffer pad; 41. Cyclic impact assembly; 42. Step-by-step impact assembly; 4101, wheel frame; 4102, rod frame; 4103, half gear; 4104, rotating rod; 4105, worm wheel; 4106, worm; 4107, motor 1; 4108, bevel gear 1; 4109, bevel gear 2; 4110, impact plate; 4111, top column; 4112, tooth plate; 4113, square hole; 4201, first gear; 4202, second gear; 4203, driving gear; 4204, motor two; 4205, rotating column; 4206, bevel gear three; 4207, support plate; 4208, fixed frame; 4209, impact block; 4210, upper plug plate; 42101, plug; 42102, roller column; 42103, baffle; 4211, lower plug plate; 4212, transmission gear; 4213, bevel gear four; 4214, movable plate; 4215, limit block; 4216, arc column; 4217, arc spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the present invention relates to a copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps, comprising a base 1, a fixed platform 2 is arranged inside the base 1, a top plate 5 is arranged above the base 1, an impact tensile component 4 is arranged between the base 1 and the top plate 5, and a slow tensile component 3 is arranged between the fixed platform 2 and the top plate 5.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the slow stretching assembly 3 includes an upper pull plate 301 and a lower pull plate 302. The lower pull plate 302 is provided with a plurality of limit holes 303 and movable holes 304 from top to bottom. A limit plate 305 fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform 2 is arranged in the limit hole 303. The limit plate 305 is used to limit the rising limit of the lower pull plate 302. Furthermore, the slow stretching assembly 3 also includes a plurality of slide bars 306 and a plurality of drive covers 307 arranged between the fixed platform 2 and the top plate 5; the pull-down plate 302 is movably arranged on the slide bars 306, the drive cover 307 is arranged in the movable hole 304, a hydraulic cylinder connected to the top of the fixed platform 2 is arranged inside the drive cover 307, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pull-up plate 301; two buffer pads 308 are detachably arranged on the top of the fixed platform 2, and the buffer pads 308 are plate-shaped structures made of rubber; the pull-up plate 301 The bottom is connected with an upper clamp, and the top of the lower pull plate 302 is connected with a lower clamp. The upper clamp and the lower clamp are arranged along the same vertical axis gap, and the two ends of the copper alloy raw material are clamped and fixed by the upper clamp and the lower clamp respectively; the limit plate 305 is an L-shaped plate structure, and the protruding structure on the top of the limit plate 305 is arranged above the lower pull plate 302, and the lower pull plate 302 is movably matched with the limit plate 305 through the limit hole 303; the present invention changes the structure of the existing tensile test tooling, and the lower pull plate 302 is movably arranged on the slide rod 306 The limiting plate 305 fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform 2 is arranged in the limiting hole 303 of the lower pull plate 302. The limiting plate 305 is designed as an L-shaped plate structure, so that the protruding structure on the top of the limiting plate 305 is arranged above the lower pull plate 302. The limiting plate 305 can limit the rising limit of the lower pull plate 302, so that the lower pull plate 302 can be freely lifted within a limited height. When the tensile test operation of applying instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material is performed, the upper pull plate 301 is adjusted to move upward so that the lower pull plate 302 can be lifted. 02 After the top is limited by the limit plate 305, the upper pull plate 301 is adjusted to maintain at this height to form a static state, and then a vertical downward impact force is applied to the top of the lower pull plate 302 through the impact stretching component 4. The lower pull plate 302 can transfer the impact force to the copper alloy raw material, and generate a downward tensile force on the copper alloy raw material. If the copper alloy raw material breaks, the lower pull plate 302 can drop quickly and fall on the buffer pad 308 to unload the impact force, which is beneficial to provide a better impact environment for the tensile test of instantaneous impact force.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the impact stretching assembly 4 includes a cyclic impact assembly 41 and a step-by-step impact assembly 42 arranged above the pull-down plate 302. The step-by-step impact assembly 42 is arranged above the cyclic impact assembly 41. The cyclic impact assembly 41 is used to cyclically apply instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate 302 to perform a cyclic impact tensile test on the copper alloy raw material. The step-by-step impact assembly 42 is used to apply a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate 302 to perform multiple incremental impact tensile tests on the copper alloy raw material.

[0038] The present invention designs a cyclic impact component 41 and a step-by-step impact component 42 above the pull-down plate 302. The cyclic impact component 41 applies a momentary impact force to the top of the pull-down plate 302 cyclically, and the step-by-step impact component 42 applies a momentary impact force that increases step by step to the top of the pull-down plate 302. The response of the copper alloy raw material when subjected to a sudden tensile impact force can be tested, the ability of the copper alloy raw material to resist impact damage can be understood, and various stress and tensile states of the copper alloy raw material in the actual braking process when used for the elevator safety clamp can be simulated, thereby improving the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the tensile test and solving the problem that it is difficult to simulate the impact conditions that the copper alloy used for the safety clamp may encounter in actual use in the tensile test.

[0039] As another embodiment of the present invention, the top of the base 1 and the bottom of the top plate 5 are connected by a plurality of wheel frames 4101 and a plurality of rod frames 4102, each two wheel frames 4101 form a group, there are two groups of wheel frames 4101, and the rod frames 4102 are arranged on the sides of the wheel frames 4101; Further, the cyclic impact assembly 41 includes two half gears 4103, the two half gears 4103 are arranged in a symmetrical structure, the two half gears 4103 are respectively rotatably arranged on the side walls of the two sets of wheel frames 4101, the half gears 4103 are coaxially connected with a worm gear 4105, a rotating rod 4104 is rotatably arranged between the two rod frames 4102, two worms 4106 with opposite thread directions are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating rod 4104, the worm 4106 is meshed and connected with the worm gear 4105, and a motor 1 4107 is also arranged on the top of the base 1, the output end of the motor 1 4107 is connected with a bevel gear 1 4108, the bevel gear 1 4108 is meshed and connected with a bevel gear 2 4109, and the side wall of the bevel gear 2 4109 is connected to one end of the rotating rod 4104; Furthermore, the cyclic impact assembly 41 also includes an impact plate 4110, and a plurality of top columns 4111 are connected to the top of the impact plate 4110. A sliding rod 306 runs through the impact plate 4110 and the top columns 4111 from top to bottom. The impact plate 4110 and the sliding rod 306 are slidably matched. A tooth plate 4112 is connected to one side wall of the impact plate 4110, and the tooth plate 4112 is meshingly connected to the half gear 4103. A square hole 4113 is provided on the top surface of the impact plate 4110, and the drive cover 307 is arranged in the square hole 4113. A planar structure is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the half gear 4103, and the planar structure is used to form a separation state between the half gear 4103 and the tooth plate 4112.

[0040] The present invention designs two symmetrically arranged half gears 4103, and provides a planar structure on the circumferential outer wall of the half gear 4103, so that during the continuous rotation of the half gear 4103, it can form a meshing state and a separation state with the tooth plate 4112. In the meshing state, the half gear 4103 drives the impact plate 4110 to rise through the tooth plate 4112. In the separation state, the impact plate 4110 forms a free fall, forming an impact force on the top of the pull-down plate 302 below, so that the pull-down plate 302 applies an instantaneous impact downward tensile force to the copper alloy raw material. The device only needs to continuously rotate the half gear 4103 to make the impact plate 4110 continuously rise and fall to form a cycle, so as to achieve a tensile test of applying an instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material in a cycle, and can keep the impact force of the fall consistent in each cycle. The operation is simple and reliable, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of the test.

[0041] As another embodiment of the present invention, the step-by-step impact assembly 42 includes a first gear 4201, a second gear 4202 and a driving gear 4203 which are rotatably arranged on the top of the top plate 5. An equipment rack is also arranged on the top of the top plate 5. A motor 2 4204 is arranged on the top of the equipment rack. The output end of the motor 2 4204 is connected to the driving gear 4203. The driving gear 4203 is meshingly connected to the first gear 4201. The first gear 4201 is meshingly connected to the second gear 4202. The first gear 4201 forms a coaxial connection with the bevel gear 3 4206 through a rotating column 4205 that movably passes through the bottom of the top plate 5. The second gear 4202 and the first gear 4201 are arranged with the same structural components. Two plug-in assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the top plate 5, and the two plug-in assemblies are arranged in a symmetrical structure.

[0042] As another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of stacked impact blocks 4209 are arranged between the two plug-in and disengagement components, and sliding holes of the same structure are provided at the four corners of the impact block 4209. The impact block 4209 is slidably arranged on the slide rod 306 through the sliding holes, and the impact block 4209 is provided with holes of the same structure as the square hole 4113 from top to bottom; a first groove is provided on one side wall of the impact block 4209, and a movable plate 4214 is rotatably arranged in the first groove, and a plug-in channel is formed below the movable plate 4214, and a limiting block 4215 is integrally formed at the top of the first groove, and the limiting block 4215 is arranged on the movable plate 4214 The inner side wall of the first groove is connected with an arc column 4216, which penetrates the side wall of the movable plate 4214 and cooperates with the movable plate 4214. The arc column 4216 is sleeved with an arc spring 4217, and the arc spring 4217 is arranged at the bottom of the movable plate 4214; the other side wall of the impact block 4209 is provided with a second groove, and the second groove is symmetrically arranged with the first groove, and a structural component symmetrical with the first groove is arranged in the second groove; the present invention arranges the movable plate 4214 in the groove of the side wall of the impact block 4209 by rotating, and the movable plate 4214 is limited by the limit block 4215 4, when the impact block 4209 is at the top of the upper plug plate 4210 or the lower plug plate 4211, the movable plate 4214 can maintain the fixing effect to prevent the impact block 4209 from falling. When the upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211 are alternately inserted into the insertion channel of the impact block 4209, the movable plate 4214 can fall from the top of the upper plug plate 4210 to the top of the lower plug plate 4211, and then fall from the top of the lower plug plate 4211 to the bottom of the lower plug plate 4211, forming a fall, that is, the impact block 4209 forms a fall. When all the impact blocks 4209 have completed the fall, When resetting is required, as the impact block 4209 rises, the plug structure of the lower plug plate 4211 will press on the top of the movable plate 4214, driving the movable plate 4214 to rotate, so that the impact block 4209 can continue to rise until the impact block 4209 enters above the lower plug plate 4211, and the movable plate 4214 is rotated and reset by the elastic force of the arc spring 4217, so that the movable plate 4214 remains above the lower plug plate 4211 and is supported by the lower plug plate 4211, thereby ensuring smooth resetting, and the rising process of the impact block 4209 will not be blocked by the upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211.

[0043] As another embodiment of the present invention, one of the plug-in and disconnecting components includes a plurality of support plates 4207 and a plurality of fixed frames 4208 connected to the bottom of the top plate 5, an upper plug plate 4210 and a lower plug plate 4211 are arranged in the inner cavity of the fixed frame 4208, and the side walls of the upper plug plate 4210 and the side walls of the lower plug plate 4211 are respectively provided with sliding grooves of the same structure, and the side walls of the inner cavity of the fixed frame 4208 are connected with a plurality of convex plate structures that match the sliding grooves, and the upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211 are slidably matched with the inner cavity of the fixed frame 4208 through the sliding grooves; a plurality of tooth openings 1 are provided at the bottom of the upper plug plate 4210, a plurality of tooth openings 2 are provided at the top of the lower plug plate 4211, and the upper plug plate 4210 is provided with a plurality of tooth openings 1. A transmission gear 4212 is arranged between the upper plug plate 4211, and the transmission gear 4212 is meshed with the tooth mouth one and the tooth mouth two respectively. The transmission gear 4212 is rotatably arranged between the two support plates 4207, and the transmission gear 4212 is coaxially connected with the bevel gear four 4213, and the bevel gear four 4213 is meshed with the bevel gear three 4206; the upper plug plate 4210 includes a plug 42101, and a plurality of rollers 42102 are rotatably arranged on the top of the plug 42101, a baffle 42103 is connected to the side wall of the plug 42101, and an inclined surface structure is arranged at the bottom of the plug 42101, and the lower plug plate 4211 includes the same structure as the plug 42101.

[0044] The present invention arranges an upper plug plate 4210 and a lower plug plate 4211 in a sliding manner in the inner cavity of the fixed frame 4208. When the motor 2 4204 rotates forward, the transmission gear 4212 can drive the upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211 to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction, that is, the lower plug plate 4211 is inserted into the plug-in channel of the impact block 4209, and the upper plug plate 4210 leaves the plug-in channel of the other impact block 4209. When the motor 2 4204 rotates reversely, the upper plug plate 4210 enters the plug-in channel, and the lower plug plate 4211 leaves the plug-in channel. The upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211 are synchronously moved in opposite directions to form an alternating insertion channel for the impact blocks 4209, which is beneficial to ensure that only one impact block 4209 falls each time, so that each impact block 4209 will increase the impact force applied to the top of the pull-down plate 302 on the basis of the previous impact block 4209, thereby avoiding the simultaneous falling of multiple impact blocks 4209 and causing confusion in the logic of the test.

[0045] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for using a copper alloy tensile test tool for an elevator safety clamp, comprising the following steps: S1. Continuously apply a tensile force in a linear direction to the copper alloy raw material. When it is necessary to test various mechanical performance indicators of the copper alloy raw material under a conventional stress state, the two ends of the copper alloy raw material are clamped and fixed by an upper clamp and a lower clamp respectively. At this time, the upper pull plate 301 and the lower pull plate 302 are connected through the copper alloy raw material. The upper pull plate 301 is pushed upward by the hydraulic cylinder inside the driving cover 307. The upper pull plate 301 drives the lower pull plate 302 to move upward through the copper alloy raw material until the top of the lower pull plate 302 is restricted from moving upward by the limit plate 305. The upper pull plate 301 continues to move upward, and a continuous tensile force is applied to the copper alloy raw material until the copper alloy raw material breaks, and the tensile test is completed; S2. A tensile test operation of applying instantaneous impact force to the copper alloy raw material. When it is necessary to simulate the tensile state of the copper alloy raw material applied to the actual braking process of the elevator safety clamp, first fix the copper alloy raw material between the upper pull plate 301 and the lower pull plate 302, adjust the upper pull plate 301 to move upward, so that the top of the lower pull plate 302 is limited by the limit plate 305 to rise, and then adjust the upper pull plate 301 to maintain it at this height to form a static state, and then apply a vertical downward impact force to the top of the lower pull plate 302 through the impact stretching component 4, so as to drive the lower pull plate 302 to generate a downward tensile force on the copper alloy raw material, thereby forming an impact type tensile test; S2.1. The tensile test operation of applying instant impact force to the copper alloy raw material in a cycle is performed by operating the motor 4107 to drive the rotating rod 4104 to rotate. The rotating rod 4104 drives the two worm wheels 4105 to rotate in opposite directions through two worms 4106 with opposite thread directions, and further drives the two symmetrically distributed half gears 4103 to rotate in opposite directions, until the plane structure of the half gear 4103 is separated from the tooth plate 4112. At this time, the tooth plate 4112 loses the support of the half gear 4103, so that the impact plate 4110 is affected by its own gravity and falls vertically downward, forming an impact force on the top of the pull-down plate 302. The pull-down plate 302 applies a tensile force of instant impact to the copper alloy raw material, and the half gear 4103 continues to rotate until the half gear 4103 and the tooth plate 4112 are meshed again. The rotation of the half gear 4103 drives the tooth plate 4112 to rise, and then the impact plate 4110 rises and resets. The half gear 4103 continues to rotate until the plane structure of the half gear 4103 is separated from the tooth plate 4112 again, so that the impact plate 4110 falls vertically downward again, and the impact force is formed on the top of the pull-down plate 302 again, forming a cycle until the copper alloy raw material breaks, and the tensile test of applying instant impact force to the copper alloy raw material in a cycle is completed; S2.2, a tensile test operation is performed on the copper alloy raw material by applying a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force. Through the operation of S2.1, after the impact plate 4110 falls vertically downward on the top of the pull-down plate 302, the rotation of the half gear 4103 is stopped, so that the impact plate 4110 remains at the top of the pull-down plate 302; then the driving gear 4203 is driven to rotate by the motor 2 4204, the driving gear 4203 drives the first gear 4201 to rotate, the first gear 4201 drives the second gear 4202 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the first gear 4201 also drives the bevel gear 3 4206 to rotate synchronously through the rotating column 4205, the bevel gear 3 4206 drives the transmission gear 4212 to rotate through the bevel gear 4213, the transmission gear 4212 drives the upper plug plate 4210 and the lower plug plate 4211 to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction, that is, the lower plug plate 4211 is inserted into the plug-in channel of the impact block 4209, and the upper plug plate 4210 is inserted from the other impact block 4209. 09's plug-in channel; the second gear 4202 is similar to the first gear 4201, driving another group of upper plug plates 4210 and lower plug plates 4211 to move synchronously in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction; and the two lower plug plates 4211 will be inserted into the two plug-in channels of the impact block 4209 at the same time, and the other two upper plug plates 4210 will leave the plug-in channel of another impact block 4209 at the same time; when the motor 2 4204 rotates in the opposite direction, the upper plug plate 4210 will enter the plug-in channel, and the lower plug plate 4211 will leave the plug-in channel; by alternating forward and reverse rotation of the motor 2 4204, multiple impact blocks 4209 will fall down one by one, applying an impact force to the top of the pull-down plate 302, and each impact block 4209 will increase the impact force applied to the top of the pull-down plate 302 on the basis of the previous impact block 4209, so as to achieve a tensile test in which a step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force is applied to the copper alloy raw material until the copper alloy raw material breaks; S3, reset operation, after completing the tensile test operation on the copper alloy, relative to the inner cavity of the fixed frame 4208, the lower plug plate 4211 is adjusted to the extended state, and the upper plug plate 4210 is in the retracted state, and then the half gear 4103 continues to rotate until the half gear 4103 and the tooth plate 4112 re-form a meshing relationship, and the rotation of the half gear 4103 drives the tooth plate 4112 to rise, thereby causing the impact plate 4110 to rise, and the impact plate 4110 pushes the multiple superimposed impact blocks 4209 above it to rise through multiple top columns 4111. When the impact block 4209 rises to below the lower plug plate 4211 in the extended state, as the impact block 4209 continues to rise, the plug structure of the lower plug plate 4211 is The movable plate 4214 is pressed on the top of the movable plate 4214, driving the movable plate 4214 to rotate, so that the impact block 4209 can continue to rise until the impact block 4209 enters the top of the lower plug plate 4211, and the movable plate 4214 is rotated and reset by the elastic force of the arc spring 4217, so that the movable plate 4214 remains above the lower plug plate 4211. When all the impact blocks 4209 enter the top of the lower plug plate 4211, the half gear 4103 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the top column 4111 on the top of the impact plate 4110 is separated from the impact block 4209, the impact block 4209 descends, and the bottom of the movable plate 4214 falls on the top of the plug structure of the lower plug plate 4211, forming a supporting effect, and completing the reset operation.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A copper alloy tensile test tool for elevator safety clamps, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a fixing platform (2) is arranged inside the base (1), a top plate (5) is arranged above the base (1), an impact stretching component (4) is arranged between the base (1) and the top plate (5), and a slow stretching component (3) is arranged between the fixing platform (2) and the top plate (5); The slow stretching assembly (3) comprises an upper pull plate (301) and a lower pull plate (302), the lower pull plate (302) being provided with a plurality of limit holes (303) and movable holes (304) from top to bottom, a limit plate (305) fixedly connected to the top of the fixed platform (2) being arranged in the limit hole (303), the limit plate (305) being used to limit the upward limit of the lower pull plate (302); The impact stretching assembly (4) comprises a cyclic impact assembly (41) and a step-by-step impact assembly (42) arranged above the pull-down plate (302), wherein the step-by-step impact assembly (42) is arranged above the cyclic impact assembly (41); The cyclic impact assembly (41) is used to cyclically apply instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate (302) to perform cyclic impact tensile tests on the copper alloy raw material, and the step-by-step impact assembly (42) is used to apply step-by-step increasing instantaneous impact force to the top of the pull-down plate (302) to perform multiple incremental impact tensile tests on the copper alloy raw material.

2. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow stretching assembly (3) further comprises a plurality of sliding rods (306) and a plurality of driving covers (307) arranged between the fixed platform (2) and the top plate (5); The pull-down plate (302) is movably arranged on the slide bar (306), the drive cover (307) is arranged in the movable hole (304), a hydraulic cylinder connected to the top of the fixed platform (2) is arranged inside the drive cover (307), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pull-up plate (301); Two buffer pads (308) are detachably arranged on the top of the fixing platform (2), and the buffer pads (308) are plate-shaped structures made of rubber material.

3. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper pull plate (301) is connected to an upper clamp, and the top of the lower pull plate (302) is connected to a lower clamp, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are arranged with a gap along the same vertical axis, and the two ends of the copper alloy raw material are clamped and fixed by the upper clamp and the lower clamp respectively; The limiting plate (305) is an L-shaped plate structure, the protruding structure on the top of the limiting plate (305) is arranged above the pull-down plate (302), and the pull-down plate (302) is movably matched with the limiting plate (305) through the limiting hole (303).

4. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the base (1) and the bottom of the top plate (5) are connected via a plurality of wheel frames (4101) and a plurality of rod frames (4102), each two of the wheel frames (4101) form a group, there are two groups of wheel frames (4101), and the rod frames (4102) are arranged on the sides of the wheel frames (4101); The cyclic impact assembly (41) comprises two half gears (4103), the two half gears (4103) are rotatably arranged on two sets of side walls of the wheel frame (4101), and the half gears (4103) are coaxially connected to a worm gear (4105); A rotating rod (4104) is rotatably arranged between the two rod frames (4102), and two worms (4106) with opposite thread directions are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating rod (4104), and the worms (4106) are meshingly connected with the worm wheel (4105); A motor 1 (4107) is also arranged on the top of the base (1); the output end of the motor 1 (4107) is connected to a bevel gear 1 (4108); the bevel gear 1 (4108) is meshingly connected to a bevel gear 2 (4109); and the side wall of the bevel gear 2 (4109) is connected to one end of the rotating rod (4104).

5. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cyclic impact assembly (41) further comprises an impact plate (4110), the top of the impact plate (4110) being connected to a plurality of top columns (4111), the impact plate (4110) and the top columns (4111) being penetrated from top to bottom by the sliding rod (306), the impact plate (4110) being slidably matched with the sliding rod (306), a side wall of the impact plate (4110) being connected to a tooth plate (4112), and the tooth plate (4112) being meshingly connected to the half gear (4103); A square hole (4113) is formed on the top surface of the impact plate (4110), and the drive cover (307) is arranged in the square hole (4113); The circumferential outer wall of the half gear (4103) is provided with a planar structure, and the planar structure is used to form a separation state between the half gear (4103) and the tooth plate (4112).

6. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step-by-step impact assembly (42) comprises a first gear (4201), a second gear (4202) and a driving gear (4203) which are rotatably arranged on the top of the top plate (5); an equipment rack is also arranged on the top of the top plate (5); a second motor (4204) is arranged on the top of the equipment rack; an output end of the second motor (4204) is connected to the driving gear (4203); the driving gear (4203) is meshedly connected to the first gear (4201); and the first gear (4201) is meshedly connected to the second gear (4202); The first gear (4201) is coaxially connected with the bevel gear three (4206) via a rotating column (4205) that movably passes through the bottom of the top plate (5), and the second gear (4202) and the first gear (4201) are arranged with the same structural components.

7. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two plug-in and pull-out assemblies are arranged at the bottom of the top plate (5), the two plug-in and pull-out assemblies are arranged in a symmetrical structure, and a plurality of impact blocks (4209) in a stacked state are arranged between the two plug-in and pull-out assemblies; One of the plug-in and disconnecting components comprises a plurality of support plates (4207) and a plurality of fixing frames (4208) connected to the bottom of the top plate (5); an upper plug plate (4210) and a lower plug plate (4211) are arranged in an inner cavity of the fixing frame (4208); side walls of the upper plug plate (4210) and side walls of the lower plug plate (4211) are respectively provided with sliding grooves of the same structure; the side walls of the inner cavity of the fixing frame (4208) are connected with a plurality of convex plate structures that match with the sliding grooves; the upper plug plate (4210) and the lower plug plate (4211) are slidably matched with the inner cavity of the fixing frame (4208) through the sliding grooves.

8. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper plug plate (4210) is provided with a plurality of tooth openings 1 at the bottom, and the lower plug plate (4211) is provided with a plurality of tooth openings 2 at the top. A transmission gear (4212) is arranged between the upper plug plate (4210) and the lower plug plate (4211), and the transmission gear (4212) is meshedly connected with the tooth openings 1 and 2 respectively. The transmission gear (4212) is rotatably arranged between the two support plates (4207), and the transmission gear (4212) is coaxially connected with a bevel gear 4 (4213), and the bevel gear 4 (4213) is meshedly connected with the bevel gear 3 (4206).

9. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper plug plate (4210) comprises a plug (42101), a plurality of rollers (42102) are rotatably arranged on the top of the plug (42101), a baffle (42103) is connected to the side wall of the plug (42101), an inclined surface structure is arranged at the bottom of the plug (42101), and the lower plug plate (4211) comprises the same structure as the plug (42101).

10. The copper alloy tensile test fixture for elevator safety clamps according to claim 9, characterized in that: The impact block (4209) has sliding holes with the same structure at the four corners, and the impact block (4209) is slidably arranged on the sliding rod (306) through the sliding holes. The impact block (4209) has holes with the same structure as the square hole (4113) from top to bottom; A first groove is formed on one side wall of the impact block (4209), a movable plate (4214) is rotatably arranged in the first groove, a plug-in channel is formed below the movable plate (4214), a limit block (4215) is integrally formed at the top of the first groove, the limit block (4215) is arranged above the movable plate (4214), an arc column (4216) is connected to the inner side wall of the first groove, the arc column (4216) passes through the side wall of the movable plate (4214) and movably cooperates with the movable plate (4214), an arc spring (4217) is sleeved on the arc column (4216), and the arc spring (4217) is arranged at the bottom of the movable plate (4214); a second groove is formed on the other side wall of the impact block (4209), the second groove is symmetrically arranged with the first groove, and a structural component symmetrical to that in the first groove is arranged in the second groove.

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