Tractor suspension type farmland soil compaction simulation test device and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of farmland soil monitoring, in particular to a tractor suspension type farmland soil compaction simulation test device and an operation method.The tractor suspension type farmland soil compaction simulation test device comprises a gantry guide frame, a pressure loading mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a sensor assembly; the pressure loading mechanism is used for carrying out pressure loading on a field ground test area, the mounting mechanism is fixedly mounted on one side of the gantry guide frame, the mounting mechanism is used for burying the sensor assembly below the ground surface of the field ground test area, and the sensor assembly can be mounted and dismounted on the mounting mechanism. According to the tractor suspension type farmland soil compaction simulation test device, through the arrangement of the pushing mechanism and the filling mechanism, filler can be slowly filled and tamped, a soil pressure sensor is prevented from being damaged or loosened, meanwhile, the filler can be prevented from being blocked, and the test efficiency is improved. The accuracy of a test result is improved; and the service life of the soil pressure sensor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of farmland soil monitoring, and in particular to a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device and an operation method. Background Art

[0002] When agricultural machinery is working in the field, such as tractors plowing and harvesters harvesting, it will exert pressure on the soil. Excessive pressure will lead to soil compaction. By monitoring soil pressure, we can understand the degree and scope of soil compaction. For example, when the soil is compacted, its porosity will decrease, the number of macropores will decrease, and the soil aeration will deteriorate, which will reduce the oxygen content in the soil and affect the activity of soil microorganisms. Microorganisms are essential for processes such as the decomposition of organic matter in the soil. Long-term compaction will also destroy the soil aggregate structure, making the soil compacted, which is not conducive to the growth of crop roots and the penetration of water.

[0003] The existing method of monitoring farmland soil pressure generally involves drilling a downward slanting hole in the monitored area, placing an earth pressure sensor inside the completed hole, backfilling the hole with fine sand, and then applying pressure to the ground above the earth pressure sensor through a pressure loading device. The generator system, hydraulic drive system, and data acquisition system are used to monitor the ground's sinking speed, displacement, and stress, thereby achieving the monitoring of farmland soil.

[0004] Considering that in the existing soil pressure monitoring process, the soil pressure sensor needs to be buried manually, and after the soil pressure sensor is placed, the hole where the soil pressure sensor is placed needs to be filled and compacted with fillers. In the process of compacting the filler, it is difficult to control the force required for compaction because it is operated by traditional tools such as hammers and shovels, which causes damage to the soil pressure sensor or reduces the fixing effect, thereby reducing the detection accuracy of the soil pressure sensor, resulting in reduced accuracy of the final monitoring results, and increasing the labor of the staff. In addition, due to the existing pressure loading device, in order to prevent the device from being lifted up when the ground is pressure loaded, additional counterweights need to be added. At the same time, due to the limitations of site conditions, the pressure loading device is not easy to move. At the same time, the generator system, hydraulic drive system and data acquisition system all need to be moved manually, which is inconvenient, reducing the working efficiency and use effect of the test device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device and an operation method.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device is provided, comprising a gantry guide frame, a pressure loading mechanism, a mounting mechanism and a sensor assembly, wherein the pressure loading mechanism can be slidably mounted on the gantry guide frame, the pressure loading mechanism is used to perform pressure loading on a field ground test area, the mounting mechanism is fixedly mounted on one side of the gantry guide frame, the mounting mechanism is used to bury the sensor assembly below the surface of the field ground test area, the sensor assembly can be installed and removed on the mounting mechanism, the sensor assembly is used to monitor the stress on the field ground test area, the mounting mechanism comprises a support frame, a displacement mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism, a drilling mechanism and a burying mechanism, the support frame is fixedly mounted on the gantry guide frame, the displacement mechanism can be slidably mounted on the support frame, the displacement mechanism is used to drive the angle adjustment mechanism to perform longitudinal and / or lateral movement, the angle adjustment mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top of the displacement mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the working angles of the drilling mechanism and the burying mechanism, the drilling mechanism is used to drill holes in the field ground test area, and the burying mechanism is used to bury the sensor assembly in the hole drilled by the drilling mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the burying mechanism includes a filling mechanism, a circular tube, a switching mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The filling mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the circular tube. The filling mechanism is used to transport the hole filler into the circular tube. A groove is provided at one end of the circular tube, and the groove is used to clamp the sensor assembly. An arc-shaped notch is provided on the outer edge of the circular tube. The switching mechanism covers the arc-shaped notch, and one side of the switching mechanism is rotatably connected to the circular tube. The pushing mechanism can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular tube. The pushing mechanism is used to push the filler in the circular tube into the hole and tamp it.

[0009] Furthermore, the filling mechanism includes a material box, a discharge pipe, a blocking plug, two tamping columns, a vertical rod, a return spring and a cylindrical barrel. The material box and the discharge pipe are connected by a hose, and the blocking plug and the discharge pipe are sealed by a rubber ring. The vertical rod drives the blocking plug to rotate through a hinged rod and a connecting rod that are hinged in sequence. The blocking plug and the connecting rod are connected by a rotating rod. The return spring is used to drive the blocking plug to move to a closed state. The discharge pipe fixes the two tamping columns to the inside of the discharge pipe through a fixed plate, and the two tamping columns can slide axially relative to the fixed plate. The bottom of the two tamping columns contacts the top of the blocking plug. The cylindrical barrel is fixedly installed on the top of the circular tube, and the vertical rod can slide axially along the inside of the cylindrical barrel and extend to the inside of the circular tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a circular block, a shell and a motor three. The motor three drives the circular block to move through a gear three and a rack that mesh with each other. The circular block can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular tube, and the circular block is fixedly connected to the rack. The shell is fixedly installed on the circular tube, the motor three is fixedly installed on the shell, and the output shaft of the motor three is fixedly connected to the gear three. An inclined groove for lifting the vertical rod is provided on the top of the circular block, a guide groove for guiding the sensor assembly is provided on the outer wall of the circular block, and a guide groove is provided on the inner side of the circular tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the embedding mechanism also includes a mounting seat 2, a movable seat 2, an electric telescopic rod 2, a clamping mechanism and a fixing mechanism. The mounting seat 2 and the movable seat 2 are connected via a guide column 2, and the guide column 2 is slidably connected to the mounting seat 2. The electric telescopic rod 2 is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat 2, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 2. The round tube can be slidably mounted on the mounting seat 2, and the round tube is fixedly connected to the movable seat 2. The clamping mechanism is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the circular block. The clamping mechanism is used to connect the circular block and the fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism is used to fix the sensor assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes an arc ring, a connecting block, a trapezoidal block, a top column, an insertion rod and a spring. The arc ring is fixedly installed on the connecting block, and the connecting block can be slidably installed on the inner side of the guide groove. The trapezoidal block and the connecting block are connected by a cylindrical rod, and the trapezoidal block and the cylindrical rod are slidably connected. A sliding groove is provided on the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block, and the bottom of the insertion rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove, and the insertion rod can slide radially along the inside of the connecting block. The spring is used to drive the insertion rod to move in a direction close to the limit groove. The top column is fixedly installed on the trapezoidal block and passes through the connecting block. A limit groove is provided on the inner side of the round tube, and the insertion rod is clamped in the limit groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a U-shaped plate, an extrusion block, a fixed column, a compression spring and a clamping column. The extrusion block is fixedly installed on the U-shaped plate, the fixed column is fixedly installed on the U-shaped plate, the compression spring is used to drive the extrusion block to move in the direction of the guide groove, the U-shaped plate and the fixed column can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular block, and one end of the U-shaped plate passes through the circular block, the extrusion block is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove and passes through the circular block, the clamping column is fixedly installed on the plug rod, and a through hole is opened at one end of the U-shaped plate, and the clamping column is clamped with the inner side of the through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure loading mechanism includes a workbench, a hydraulic cylinder, a weighing sensor, a guide block, a pressure plate, a seat, a suspension frame, a displacement sensor and a connecting column. The workbench can be slidably installed on the gantry guide frame, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the workbench, the weighing sensor is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the hydraulic cylinder, the connecting column is fixedly installed on the bottom of the weighing sensor, the pressure plate is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the connecting column, the guide block is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the workbench, the connecting column is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide block, the seat is fixedly installed on one side of the workbench, and the suspension frame is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom end of the workbench away from the support frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a box body, a rotating shaft, a motor 1, a connecting shaft and a stopper. The box body is fixedly installed at the top displacement end of the displacement mechanism. The motor 1 drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the mutually meshing gear 2 and gear 1. The motor 1 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the box body, and the output shaft of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to the gear 2. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the gear 1 and passes through the box body. Arc grooves are provided on both sides of the box body. The connecting shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the arc groove. One end of the rotating shaft and the connecting shaft are fixedly connected to the mounting seat 2, and the other end of the rotating shaft and the connecting shaft are fixedly connected to the drilling mechanism. Four stops are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating shaft and the connecting shaft, respectively. The top of the box body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the second solution of the present invention provides an operation method of a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device, which uses the tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device provided by the first solution and adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] An operating method of a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device comprises:

[0018] a. Connect the tractor to the suspension frame, and use the tractor to drive the gantry guide frame, the pressure loading mechanism and the installation mechanism to move to the test area. Then, according to the depth and drilling angle required for burying the soil pressure sensor assembly, measure and calculate the drilling position and drilling length, and adjust the drilling position and drilling angle of the drilling mechanism through the displacement mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism to drill the test area;

[0019] b. After drilling is completed, open the side panel, fix the connecting block on the end of the round tube close to the groove, then clamp the pressure sensor assembly in the groove of the round tube with the front side facing upward, so that the arc ring and the round tube fix the pressure sensor assembly, and close the side panel;

[0020] c. Subsequently, the position of the round tube is adjusted by the displacement mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism, and the round tube and the pressure sensor assembly are moved to the bottom of the hole, and the pressure sensor assembly is pressed and fixed, and then the pushing mechanism is used to make the round block drive the connecting block to reset;

[0021] d. When the inclined groove on the circular block contacts the bottom end of the vertical rod, the plug will open the discharge pipe, and the two tamping columns will clear the discharge pipe, so that the filler falls into the inside of the circular pipe;

[0022] e. When a certain amount of filler falls into the round tube, the push mechanism pushes the filler in the round tube toward the direction of the pressure sensor assembly to fill the space near the pressure sensor assembly, and at the same time closes the discharge pipe, and then repeatedly pushes the filler through the push mechanism, and slowly takes out the round tube, and finally releases the limiting effect of the circular block and the connecting block, thus completing the embedding of the pressure sensor assembly;

[0023] f. Then, the ground above the pressure sensor assembly is pressurized by the pressure loading mechanism, and the soil pressure information is collected by the displacement sensor, the weighing sensor and the pressure sensor assembly.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device can automatically drill holes and bury soil pressure sensors in the test area through the set installation mechanism, thereby reducing the labor of the staff, and through the set pushing mechanism and filling mechanism, the filler can be slowly filled and tamped to avoid damage or loosening of the soil pressure sensor. At the same time, the tamping column set in the discharge pipe can avoid clogging of the filler, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and the service life of the soil pressure sensor. In addition, the fixing mechanism and the round tube can fix the soil pressure sensor to prevent the soil pressure sensor from shifting during the installation process, further improving the accuracy of the measurement results of the soil pressure sensor.

[0025] 2. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device is connected to the tractor through the suspension frame arranged in the pressure loading mechanism, so that the tractor can play the original counterweight role for the pressure loading mechanism and facilitate the movement of the pressure loading device. At the same time, the generator system, hydraulic drive system, data acquisition system and automatic drilling and burying operating system are integrated and installed on the platforms on both sides of the test bench, which can further improve the convenience and use effect of the test device.

[0026] 3. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device outputs voltage signals through the displacement sensors, weighing sensors and soil pressure sensors, and performs analog / digital conversion, sampling and holding, multiplexing and amplification on the voltage signals through an external data acquisition card. Subsequently, the collected signals are programmed with software through an external computer, thereby realizing accurate collection of measurement data and presenting them in the form of a data table, which is convenient for staff to observe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention are briefly introduced below.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall main structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the installation mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the box body of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the drilling mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the embedding mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side panel of the present invention in an open state;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the switch mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a circular tube of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig.10 The enlarged structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the packing mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the circular tube and the shell of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the circular block splitting structure of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection block of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the circular block moving state structure of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the internal stress and loading pressure of paddy soil according to the present invention and the subsidence displacement.

[0045] In the figure: 1. gantry guide frame; 2. pressure loading mechanism; 21. stand; 22. hydraulic cylinder; 23. weighing sensor; 24. guide block; 25. pressure plate; 26. seat; 27. suspension frame; 28. displacement sensor; 29. ​​connecting column; 3. mounting mechanism; 31. support frame; 32. displacement mechanism; 321. electric slide rail; 322. moving plate; 323. electric push rod; 324. mounting plate; 33. angle adjustment mechanism; 331. box; 332. rotating shaft; 333. gear 1; 334. gear 2; 335 , motor 1; 336, connecting shaft; 337, stopper; 34, drilling mechanism; 341, auger drill rod; 342, motor 2; 343, moving seat 1; 344, mounting seat 1; 345, electric telescopic rod 1; 346, fixed sleeve; 347, guide column 1; 35, burying mechanism; 351, mounting seat 2; 352, moving seat 2; 353, electric telescopic rod 2; 354, filling mechanism; 3541, material box; 3542, hose; 3543, discharge pipe; 3544, plugging plug; 3545, tamping column; 3546, Rubber ring; 3547, rotating rod; 3548, connecting rod; 3549, hinged rod; 35410, vertical rod; 35411, reset spring; 35412, cylindrical tube; 35413, fixed plate; 355, round tube; 3551, groove; 3552, arc notch; 356, switch mechanism; 3561, side plate; 3562, limit spring; 3563, latch; 357, push mechanism; 3571, rack; 3572, round block; 3573, housing; 3574, motor three; 3575, gear three; 3 576, guide groove; 358, snap-fit ​​mechanism; 3581, U-shaped plate; 3582, extrusion block; 3583, fixing column; 3584, compression spring; 3585, snap-fit ​​column; 3586, through hole; 359, fixing mechanism; 3591, arc ring; 3592, connecting block; 3593, trapezoidal block; 3594, top column; 3595, plug rod; 3596, cylindrical rod; 3597, spring; 3598, limit groove; 3510, guide column II; 4, sensor assembly; 41, soil pressure sensor; 42, sensor cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0047] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device shown includes a gantry guide frame 1, a pressure loading mechanism 2, a mounting mechanism 3 and a sensor assembly 4. The pressure loading mechanism 2 can be slidably mounted on the gantry guide frame 1. The pressure loading mechanism 2 is used to load pressure on the field ground test area. Through the pressure loading mechanism 2, different pressure values ​​are applied to the test area, so that the pressure of the soil under different pressures can be monitored. The mounting mechanism 3 is fixedly mounted on one side of the gantry guide frame 1. The mounting mechanism 3 is used to bury the sensor assembly 4 below the surface of the field ground test area. The mounting mechanism 3 is used to realize automatic drilling of the test area and automatic burying of the sensor assembly 4. The sensor assembly 4 can be installed and removed from the mounting mechanism 3. The sensor assembly 4 is used to monitor the stress of the field ground test area. The sensor assembly 4 includes a soil pressure sensor 41 and a sensor cable 42, and the monitored information is transmitted through the soil pressure sensor 41 and the sensor cable 42.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The installation mechanism 3 includes a support frame 31, a displacement mechanism 32, an angle adjustment mechanism 33, a drilling mechanism 34 and an embedding mechanism 35. The support frame 31 is fixedly installed on the gantry guide frame 1. Rollers can be installed at the bottom of the gantry guide frame 1, the support frame 31 and the pressure loading mechanism 2 to facilitate the movement of the staff. The displacement mechanism 32 can be slidably installed on the support frame 31. The displacement mechanism 32 is used to drive the angle adjustment mechanism 33 to move longitudinally or / and transversely, so as to accurately adjust the installation position of the soil pressure sensor 41. The angle adjustment mechanism 33 is fixedly installed on the top of the displacement mechanism 32. The angle adjustment mechanism 33 is used to adjust the working angles of the drilling mechanism 34 and the embedding mechanism 35, so as to realize drilling and installing the soil pressure sensor 41 at different angles of the ground. The drilling mechanism 34 is used to drill holes in the field ground test area, so as to facilitate the burying of the soil pressure sensor 41. The burying mechanism 35 is used to bury the sensor component 4 into the hole drilled by the drilling mechanism 34. Through the burying mechanism 35, the burying effect of the soil pressure sensor 41 is improved.

[0051] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The embedding mechanism 35 includes a filling mechanism 354, a round tube 355, a switch mechanism 356 and a pushing mechanism 357. The filling mechanism 354 is fixedly installed on the top of the round tube 355. The filling mechanism 354 is used to transport the hole filling material into the round tube 355. The filling mechanism 354 can avoid the filling material from being blocked, and the material can be automatically unloaded. A groove 3551 is provided at one end of the round tube 355. The groove 3551 is used to clamp the sensor assembly 4. The clamping surface of the groove 3551 is provided with a rubber pad, which can play a stable clamping effect on the soil pressure sensor 41. An arc-shaped notch 3552 is provided on the outer edge of the round tube 355. The switch mechanism 356 covers the arc-shaped notch 3552, and one side of the switch mechanism 356 is rotatably connected to the round tube 355. By opening the arc-shaped notch 3552 on one side of the round tube 355, the sensor cable 42 can be installed in the round tube 355. The pushing mechanism 357 can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular tube 355 . The pushing mechanism 357 is used to push the filler in the circular tube 355 into the hole and compact it. The pushing mechanism 357 improves the compacting effect of the filler.

[0052] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The switch mechanism 356 includes a side plate 3561, a limit spring 3562 and a latch 3563. The bottom end of the side plate 3561 is hinged to the inner side of the circular tube 355. One end of the limit spring 3562 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the side plate 3561. The other end of the limit spring 3562 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the latch 3563. The elastic force of the limit spring 3562 allows the latch 3563 to always be engaged with the circular hole without being acted upon by external forces. The outer wall of the latch 3563 is slidably connected to the inner wall of one side of the side plate 3561, so that the latch 3563 is engaged or released with the circular hole, thereby limiting or releasing the limit of the side plate 3561. The circular tube 355 is provided with a circular hole for the latch 3563 to be inserted. The side plate 3561 is limited by the engagement effect of the latch 3563 and the circular hole, thereby keeping the side plate 3561 closed.

[0053] Reference Figures 10 to 13The filling mechanism 354 includes a material box 3541, a discharge pipe 3543, a blocking plug 3544, two tamping columns 3545, a vertical rod 35410, a return spring 35411 and a cylindrical tube 35412. The material box 3541 and the discharge pipe 3543 are connected by a hose 3542, and the filler in the material box 3541 is transported to the discharge pipe 3543 through the hose 3542. The blocking plug 3544 and the discharge pipe 3543 are sealed by a rubber ring 3546. The diameter of the blocking plug 3544 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 3543. The rubber ring 3546 is used to improve the sealing effect of the blocking plug 3544 and enable the blocking plug 3544 to rotate on the inner wall of the discharge pipe 3543. The vertical rod 35410 drives the blocking plug 3544 to rotate through the hinged rod 3549 and the connecting rod 3548, and the vertical movement effect of the vertical rod 35410 drives the hinged rod 3549 to move, and the movement effect of the hinged rod 3549 can drive the connecting rod 3548 to rotate. The blocking plug 3544 and the connecting rod 3548 are connected by a rotating rod 3547, and the rotating rod 3547 is driven to rotate by the rotation effect of the connecting rod 3548, thereby driving the blocking plug 3544 to rotate. The reset spring 35411 is used to drive the blocking plug 3544 to move to a closed state. Through the elastic force of the reset spring 35411, the vertical rod 35410 always keeps moving downward without being affected by external forces, thereby driving the blocking plug 3544 to close.

[0054] Reference Figures 10 to 13 The discharge pipe 3543 fixes the two tamping columns 3545 inside the discharge pipe 3543 through the fixing plate 35413, and the two tamping columns 3545 can slide axially relative to the fixing plate 35413. The fixing plate 35413 guides the tamping columns 3545, and the filling inside the discharge pipe 3543 is tamped and unblocked through the sliding effect of the two tamping columns 3545. The bottoms of the two tamping columns 3545 contact the top of the blocking plug 3544, and through the rotation effect of the blocking plug 3544, one tamping column 3545 is squeezed to move upward, and the other tamping column 3545 moves downward due to gravity, thereby improving the unblocking effect of the discharge pipe 3543. The cylindrical tube 35412 is fixedly installed on the top of the circular tube 355 , and the vertical rod 35410 can slide axially along the inside of the cylindrical tube 35412 and extend to the inside of the circular tube 355 so that the vertical rod 35410 can be squeezed by the circular block 3572 .

[0055] Reference Figure 8 , Fig.13 and Fig.14The push mechanism 357 includes a circular block 3572, a housing 3573 and a motor 3574. The motor 3574 drives the circular block 3572 to move through the mutually meshing gear 3575 and the rack 3571. The motor 3574 drives the gear 3575 to rotate, thereby driving the rack 3571 to move, so that the circular block 3572 moves. The circular block 3572 can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular tube 355, and the circular block 3572 is fixedly connected to the rack 3571. The housing 3573 is fixedly installed on the circular tube 355. The motor 3574 is fixedly installed on the housing 3573, and the output shaft of the motor 3574 is fixedly connected to the gear 3575. The housing 3573 supports and fixes the motor 3574. The top of the circular block 3572 is provided with an inclined groove for lifting the vertical rod 35410. The vertical rod 35410 is brought into contact with the inclined groove by the movement of the circular block 3572, so that the vertical rod 35410 can be lifted. The outer wall of the circular block 3572 is provided with a guide groove for guiding the sensor assembly 4. The sensor cable 42 is guided by the guide groove to prevent the sensor cable 42 from being entangled. The inner side of the circular tube 355 is provided with a guide groove 3576, which guides the clamping mechanism 358 and the fixing mechanism 359.

[0056] Reference Figure 7 The embedding mechanism 35 also includes a second mounting seat 351, a second moving seat 352, a second electric telescopic rod 353, a clamping mechanism 358 and a fixing mechanism 359. The second mounting seat 351 and the second moving seat 352 are connected by a second guide column 3510, and the second guide column 3510 is slidably connected to the second mounting seat 351. The second electric telescopic rod 353 is fixedly installed on the second mounting seat 351, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 353 is fixedly connected to the second moving seat 352. By starting the second electric telescopic rod 353, the second moving seat 352 is driven to move. The moving effect of the second moving seat 352 drives the round tube 355 to move. The round tube 355 can be slidably installed on the second mounting seat 351, and the round tube 355 is fixedly connected to the second moving seat 352. The sliding effect of the round tube 355 allows the round tube 355 to extend into or out of the hole. The clamping mechanism 358 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the circular block 3572 . The clamping mechanism 358 is used to connect the circular block 3572 and the fixing mechanism 359 , so that when the circular block 3572 moves, it can drive the fixing mechanism 359 to move. The fixing mechanism 359 is used to fix the sensor assembly 4 .

[0057] Reference Fig.10 , Fig.15 and Fig.16The fixing mechanism 359 includes an arc ring 3591, a connecting block 3592, a trapezoidal block 3593, a top column 3594, an insert rod 3595 and a spring 3597. The arc ring 3591 is fixedly installed on the connecting block 3592. The earth pressure sensor 41 is further limited by the arc ring 3591 to improve the stability of the earth pressure sensor 41 installed on the round tube 355. The connecting block 3592 can be slidably installed on the inner side of the guide groove 3576, and the guide groove 3576 guides the connecting block 3592. The trapezoidal block 3593 is connected to the connecting block 3592 by a cylindrical rod 3596, and the trapezoidal block 3593 is slidably connected to the cylindrical rod 3596. The cylindrical rod 3596 guides the trapezoidal block 3593, and the sliding effect of the trapezoidal block 3593 causes the insertion rod 3595 to slide along the sliding groove. The inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 3593 is provided with a sliding groove, and the bottom of the insertion rod 3595 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove, and the insertion rod 3595 can slide radially along the inside of the connecting block 3592. The insertion rod 3595 is squeezed by the trapezoidal block 3593 and the sliding groove, so that the insertion rod 3595 moves. The spring 3597 is used to drive the insertion rod 3595 to move toward the limiting groove 3598. Through the elastic force of the spring 3597, the trapezoidal block 3593 always drives the insertion rod 3595 to open outward without being affected by external forces. The top column 3594 is fixedly installed on the trapezoidal block 3593 and passes through the connecting block 3592. By squeezing the top column 3594, the trapezoidal block 3593 can be driven to move. The inner side of the circular tube 355 is provided with a limiting groove 3598, and the insertion rod 3595 is clamped with the limiting groove 3598. The insertion rod 3595 and the limiting groove 3598 are both symmetrically distributed with two. Through the clamping effect of the insertion rod 3595 and the limiting groove 3598, the connecting block 3592 is limited.

[0058] Reference Fig.10 , Fig.14 and Fig.15The clamping mechanism 358 includes a U-shaped plate 3581, a squeeze block 3582, a fixed column 3583, a compression spring 3584 and a clamping column 3585. The squeeze block 3582 is fixedly mounted on the U-shaped plate 3581, and the fixed column 3583 is fixedly mounted on the U-shaped plate 3581. The compression spring 3584 is used to drive the squeeze block 3582 to move in the direction of the guide groove 3576. Through the elastic force of the compression spring 3584, the fixed column 3583 drives the U-shaped plate 3581 and the squeeze block 3582 to always slide in the direction of the guide groove 3576 without being affected by external forces. The U-shaped plate 3581 and the fixed column 3583 are both slidably mounted on the inner side of the circular block 3572, and one end of the U-shaped plate 3581 passes through the circular block 3572. Through the sliding effect of the U-shaped plate 3581, the clamping column 3585 and the through hole 3586 are clamped or released. The extrusion block 3582 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove 3576 and penetrates the circular block 3572. When the extrusion block 3582 passes over the guide groove 3576, it is squeezed, thereby squeezing the U-shaped plate 3581 and the compression spring 3584, and releasing the clamping effect between the circular hole and the clamping column 3585. The clamping column 3585 is fixedly installed on the insertion rod 3595. A through hole 3586 is opened at one end of the U-shaped plate 3581. There are two symmetrically distributed clamping columns 3585 and the inner side of the through hole 3586. The clamping column 3585 is clamped with the inner side of the through hole 3586.

[0059] Reference Figures 1 to 3The pressure loading mechanism 2 includes a stand 21, a hydraulic cylinder 22, a weighing sensor 23, a guide block 24, a pressure plate 25, a seat 26, a suspension frame 27, a displacement sensor 28 and a connecting column 29. The stand 21 can be slidably mounted on the gantry guide frame 1, and the stand 21 is guided by the gantry guide frame 1. The hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly mounted on the stand 21, and the pressure plate 25 can be driven to move downward by the hydraulic cylinder 22 to apply pressure to the ground above the soil pressure sensor 41. The weighing sensor 23 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22, and the weighing sensor 23 monitors the loading force. The displacement sensor 28 is fixedly mounted on the hydraulic cylinder 22, and the displacement sensor 28 monitors the sinking distance of the pressure plate 25. The connecting column 29 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the weighing sensor 23, the pressing plate 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting column 29, and the guide block 24 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the stand 21. The guide block 24 guides the connecting column 29, thereby improving the stability of the pressing plate 25. The connecting column 29 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide block 24. The seat 26 is fixedly installed at one side of the stand 21. Through the installed seat 26, the staff can sit on the seat 26 to observe the data of the soil pressure loading process in real time, and when the pressure loading is too large and the weight of the tractor itself is insufficient, the staff can sit on the seat 26 to act as a counterweight. The suspension frame 27 is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom end of the test stand 21 away from the support frame 31. The suspension frame 27 can be connected to an external tractor, and then the test stand 21 can be easily moved by the tractor. At the same time, the tractor's own weight can be used to counterweight the test stand 21 to prevent the test stand 21 from being lifted up during pressure loading. In addition, the generator system, hydraulic drive system, data acquisition system and automatic drilling and burying operating system required in the test device can all be integrated into the platforms on both sides of the test stand 21 to play a role of counterweight and facilitate movement, thereby improving the convenience of the test device during mobile testing.

[0060] The data acquisition system is composed of a weighing sensor 23, a displacement sensor 28, an earth pressure sensor 41, a resistance strain gauge, a bridge box, a voltage signal amplifier, a sensor switching power supply, a data acquisition card and a computer test software. During the test, the weighing sensor 23 is only calibrated for pressure. During calibration, the weighing sensor is placed under the force frame of the consolidation instrument, loaded by weights, and the output voltage of the sensor is tested synchronously. At the same time, during the displacement sensor calibration, only the output voltage during the sliding rod pulling out process is measured. After connecting the power supply and the output lead, the test program is debugged and run to collect data, and the sliding rod is pulled out at a uniform speed. When it is pulled out 300mm, the program is terminated and the collection is stopped. At the same time, the earth pressure sensor is connected to a full bridge circuit through a bridge box, and the signal is input to the dynamic resistance strain gauge. In addition, the voltage signal output by the weighing sensor 23 is precisely amplified by a voltage signal amplifier. The 220V input voltage is converted into a 24V output voltage by the sensor switching power supply to power the displacement sensor and the weighing sensor. The data acquisition card performs analog / digital conversion, sampling and holding, multiplexing and amplification on the voltage signals output from the displacement, weighing sensor and earth pressure sensor circuits. Finally, the three voltage signals are collected through computer test software and the collected data are saved in the form of a data table.

[0061] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The angle adjustment mechanism 33 includes a box 331, a rotating shaft 332, a gear 1 333, a gear 2 334, a motor 1 335, a connecting shaft 336 and four blocks 337. The box 331 is fixedly mounted on the top displacement end of the displacement mechanism 32. The motor 1 335 drives the rotating shaft 332 to rotate through the mutually meshing gear 2 334 and gear 1 333. The rotating effect of the gear 2 334 can drive the gear 1 333 to rotate. The motor 1 335 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the box 331, and the output shaft of the motor 1 335 is fixedly connected to the gear 2 334. By starting the motor 1 335, the gear 2 334 can be driven to rotate. The rotating shaft 332 is fixedly connected to the gear 1 333 and passes through the box 331. The rotating effect of the gear 1 333 can drive the rotating shaft 332 to rotate. Arc grooves are provided on both sides of the box body 331, and the connecting shaft 336 is slidably connected to the inner side of the arc groove. One end of the rotating shaft 332 and the connecting shaft 336 are fixedly connected to the mounting seat 351, and the other ends of the rotating shaft 332 and the connecting shaft 336 are fixedly connected to the drilling mechanism 34. Four blocks 337 are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating shaft 332 and the connecting shaft 336, respectively. The rotating shaft 332 and the connecting shaft 336 are limited by the block 337. The top of the box body 331 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box 3541.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The displacement mechanism 32 includes an electric slide rail 321, a moving plate 322, an electric push rod 323 and a mounting plate 324. The electric slide rail 321 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving plate 322. The moving plate 322 can be slidably installed on the outer wall of the support frame 31. The sliding effect of the moving plate 322 can drive the electric slide rail 321 to move horizontally, thereby driving the box body 331 to move horizontally. The electric push rod 323 is fixedly installed on the support frame 31. The output end of the electric push rod 323 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 322. By starting the electric push rod 323, the moving plate 322 is driven to move. The mounting plate 324 can be slidably installed on the top of the electric slide rail 321. By starting the electric slide rail 321, the mounting plate 324 is driven to move. The top of the mounting plate 324 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body 331. The sliding effect of the mounting plate 324 drives the box body 331 to move longitudinally.

[0063] Reference Figure 7 The drilling mechanism 34 includes an auger drill rod 341, a second motor 342, a movable seat 343, a mounting seat 344, an electric telescopic rod 345 and a fixed sleeve 346. The second motor 342 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat 343. The output shaft of the second motor 342 is fixedly connected to the auger drill rod 341. By starting the second motor 342, the auger drill rod 341 can be driven to rotate. The movable seat 343 and the mounting seat 344 are connected by a guide column 347, and the guide column 347 is slidably connected to the mounting seat 344. Through the sliding effect of the movable seat 343, the second motor 342 and the auger drill rod 341 can be driven to move. The electric telescopic rod 345 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting seat 344. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 345 is fixedly installed on the movable seat The bottom of the seat 1 343 can drive the movable seat 1 343 to move by starting the electric telescopic rod 1 345. The fixed sleeve 346 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting seat 1 344. The fixed sleeve 346 supports the auger drill rod 341. The auger drill rod 341 can be slidably installed on the inner side of the fixed sleeve 346. Through the rotation and sliding effect of the auger drill rod 341, the ground can be drilled. One side of the mounting seat 1 344 is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 332 and the connecting shaft 336 respectively. Through the rotation effect of the rotating shaft 332, the mounting seat 1 344 and the mounting seat 2 351 can be driven to rotate at the same time, thereby driving the connecting shaft 336 to slide along the inner side of the arc groove. The top of the box body 331 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box 3541.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment provides an operation method of a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device, including:

[0066] a. Connect the tractor to the suspension frame 27, and use the tractor to drive the gantry guide frame 1, the pressure loading mechanism 2 and the installation mechanism 3 to move to the test area, and then measure and calculate the position and length of the drilling hole according to the depth and drilling angle required for burying the soil pressure sensor assembly 4;

[0067] b. Subsequently, the drilling position and drilling angle of the drilling mechanism 34 are adjusted by the displacement mechanism 32 and the angle adjustment mechanism 33 to drill the test area. After the drilling is completed, the drilling mechanism 34 is reset by controlling the displacement mechanism 32 and the angle adjustment mechanism 33;

[0068] c. Then, the side plate 3561 is opened by pressing the latch 3563, and the connecting block 3592 is moved to the end of the circular tube 355 close to the mounting seat 1 344. The trapezoidal block 3593 is squeezed by the spring 3597, so that the insert rod 3595 is engaged with the limiting groove 3598 to limit the connecting block 3592. Then, the pressure sensor assembly 4 is clamped in the groove 3551 of the circular tube 355 with the front side facing upward, so that the arc ring 3591 and the circular tube 355 play a role in fixing the pressure sensor assembly 4. Then, the side plate 3561 is closed;

[0069] d. Subsequently, the circular tube 355 is moved by the displacement mechanism 32 and the angle adjustment mechanism 33 so that the circular tube 355 and the punched hole are in a straight line, and then the electric telescopic rod 2 353 is started to drive the moving seat 2 352 close to the mounting seat 2 351 so that the circular tube 355 drives the pressure sensor assembly 4 to move to the bottom of the hole, and the pressure sensor assembly 4 is pressed and fixed by the circular tube 355, and then the motor 3 3574 is controlled to drive the gear 3 3575 to rotate, so that the rack 3571 drives the circular block 3572 to move along the guide groove 3576 toward the direction close to the connecting block 3592, so that the circular block 3572 squeezes the top column 3594, so that the trapezoidal block 3593 drives the insertion rod 3595 to retract inward, and at the same time, the clamping column 3585 is clamped with the through hole 3586 on the U-shaped plate 3581, and then the motor 3 3574 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction so that the circular block 3572 drives the connecting block 3592 to move in the opposite direction;

[0070] e. When the inclined groove provided on the circular block 3572 contacts the bottom end of the vertical rod 35410, it will squeeze the vertical rod 35410, so that the vertical rod 35410 drives the hinged rod 3549 to move, and then the connecting rod 3548 drives the rotating rod 3547 to rotate, so that the blocking plug 3544 flips over to open the discharge pipe 3543. At the same time, when the blocking plug 3544 rotates, it will squeeze the two tamping columns 3545, so that the two tamping columns 3545 move upward and downward respectively, thereby clearing the discharge pipe 3543. Then, the filler in the material box 3541 is transported to the inside of the discharge pipe 3543 through the hose 3542 and falls into the inside of the circular tube 355.

[0071] like Fig.17 As shown, Fig.17 The figure is the relationship between the internal stress and loading pressure of paddy soil and the displacement of the subsidence. Combined with the load-displacement relationship of the subsidence plate and compared with the synchronous detection stress of the soil pressure sensor, the mechanism characteristics of the paddy soil compaction process can be analyzed. First, the soil stress at a depth of 20 cm lags significantly behind the loading pressure, which shows that the soil in the plough layer does not conform to the characteristics of continuous body stress transmission, and the surface contact stress is not synchronized with the soil pressure in the soil body; the second feature is that the loading pressure of the plate is divided into two obvious sections along the subsidence depth. Given that the reaction force of the plate loading pressure is the soil support force, it can be seen from the curve state that the soil layer does not generate structural support force during the period from the plate contacting the surface to the occurrence of a 1cm subsidence, and then the structural support force of the soil layer begins to rise rapidly. This process ends after the plate sinks 2cm, and then the soil layer fails rheologically, and the loading curve appears a step and rises gently; the third feature is that the effective stress transfer capacity of the soil layer does not begin to form until the subsidence of 5cm, so the performance of the soil layer in terms of structural support force and stress transfer has an obvious order. The soil pressure sensor dug up after the measurement was still stable at a depth of 20 cm from the ground surface, which also showed that lateral flow of the soil layer was the main failure mode during the subsidence process.

[0072] The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device can automatically drill holes and bury soil pressure sensors in the test area through the provided installation mechanism, thereby reducing the labor of the staff, and through the provided pushing mechanism and filling mechanism, the filler can be slowly filled and compacted to avoid damage or loosening of the soil pressure sensor, and at the same time, the tamping column provided in the discharge pipe can avoid clogging of the filler, thereby improving the accuracy of the test result and the service life of the soil pressure sensor. In addition, the soil pressure sensor can be fixed by the fixing mechanism and the round tube to prevent the soil pressure sensor from shifting during the installation process, thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement result of the soil pressure sensor. On the other hand, the suspension frame provided in the pressure loading mechanism is connected to the tractor, so that the tractor can play the original counterweight role for the pressure loading mechanism, and is convenient for driving the pressure loading device to move. At the same time, the generator system, hydraulic drive system, data acquisition system and automatic drilling and burying operating system are integrated and installed on the two side platforms of the test bench by the staff, which can further improve the convenience and use effect of the test device.

[0073] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gantry guide frame (1), a pressure loading mechanism (2), a mounting mechanism (3) and a sensor assembly (4); the pressure loading mechanism (2) can be slidably mounted on the gantry guide frame (1); the pressure loading mechanism (2) is used to load pressure on a field ground test area; the mounting mechanism (3) is fixedly mounted on one side of the gantry guide frame (1); the mounting mechanism (3) is used to bury the sensor assembly (4) below the surface of the field ground test area; the sensor assembly (4) can be mounted and detached on the mounting mechanism (3); the sensor assembly (4) is used to monitor the stress on the field ground test area; the mounting mechanism (3) comprises a support frame (31), a displacement mechanism (32), an angle adjustment mechanism (33) and a support frame (31). The invention relates to a sensor assembly (31) comprising a support frame (31) fixedly mounted on a gantry guide frame (1), a displacement mechanism (32) slidably mounted on the support frame (31), the displacement mechanism (32) being used to drive an angle adjustment mechanism (33) to move longitudinally or / and transversely, the angle adjustment mechanism (33) being fixedly mounted on the top of the displacement mechanism (32), the angle adjustment mechanism (33) being used to adjust the working angles of the drilling mechanism (34) and the embedding mechanism (35), the drilling mechanism (34) being used to drill holes in a field ground test area, and the embedding mechanism (35) being used to embed a sensor assembly (4) into a hole drilled by the drilling mechanism (34).

2. A tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedding mechanism (35) comprises a filling mechanism (354), a circular tube (355), a switch mechanism (356) and a pushing mechanism (357). The filling mechanism (354) is fixedly installed on the top of the circular tube (355). The filling mechanism (354) is used to transport the hole filling material into the circular tube (355). One end of the circular tube (355) is provided with a groove (3551), and the groove (3551) is used to clamp the sensor assembly (4). The outer edge of the circular tube (355) is provided with an arc-shaped notch (3552). The switch mechanism (356) covers the arc-shaped notch (3552), and one side of the switch mechanism (356) is rotatably connected to the circular tube (355). The pushing mechanism (357) can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular tube (355). The pushing mechanism (357) is used to push the filling material in the circular tube (355) into the hole and tamp it.

3. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling mechanism (354) comprises a material box (3541), a material discharge pipe (3543), a material blocking plug (3544), two tamping columns (3545), a vertical rod (35410), a return spring (35411) and a cylindrical tube (35412); the material box (3541) and the material discharge pipe (3543) are connected via a hose (3542); the material blocking plug (3544) and the material discharge pipe (3543) are sealed via a rubber ring (3546); the vertical rod (35410) drives the material blocking plug (3544) to rotate via a hinged rod (3549) and a connecting rod (3548) which are hinged in sequence; Connected by a rotating rod (3547), the return spring (35411) is used to drive the plug (3544) to move to a closed state, the discharge pipe (3543) fixes the two tamping columns (3545) to the inside of the discharge pipe (3543) through a fixed plate (35413), and the two tamping columns (3545) can slide axially relative to the fixed plate (35413), the bottom of the two tamping columns (3545) is in contact with the top of the plug (3544), the cylindrical tube (35412) is fixedly installed on the top of the circular tube (355), and the vertical rod (35410) can slide axially along the inside of the cylindrical tube (35412) and extend to the inside of the circular tube (355).

4. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (357) comprises a circular block (3572), a housing (3573) and a motor (3574). The motor (3574) drives the circular block (3572) to move via a gear (3575) and a rack (3571) that mesh with each other. The circular block (3572) can be slidably mounted on the inner side of the circular tube (355), and the circular block (3572) is fixedly connected to the rack (3571). The housing (3573) is fixedly connected to the circular tube (355). The circular block (3572) is fixedly mounted on the circular tube (355), the motor three (3574) is fixedly mounted on the housing (3573), and the output shaft of the motor three (3574) is fixedly connected to the gear three (3575), the top of the circular block (3572) is provided with an inclined groove for lifting the vertical rod (35410), the outer wall of the circular block (3572) is provided with a guide groove for guiding the sensor assembly (4), and the inner side of the circular tube (355) is provided with a guide groove (3576).

5. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The embedding mechanism (35) further comprises a second mounting seat (351), a second moving seat (352), a second electric telescopic rod (353), a clamping mechanism (358) and a fixing mechanism (359); the second mounting seat (351) and the second moving seat (352) are connected via a second guide column (3510), and the second guide column (3510) is slidably connected to the second mounting seat (351); the second electric telescopic rod (353) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting seat (351), and the second electric telescopic rod (353) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting seat (351). The output end of the circular block (353) is fixedly connected to the second movable seat (352), the circular tube (355) can be slidably installed on the second mounting seat (351), and the circular tube (355) is fixedly connected to the second movable seat (352), the clamping mechanism (358) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the circular block (3572), the clamping mechanism (358) is used to connect the circular block (3572) and the fixing mechanism (359), and the fixing mechanism (359) is used to fix the sensor assembly (4).

6. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (359) comprises an arc ring (3591), a connecting block (3592), a trapezoidal block (3593), a top column (3594), an insert rod (3595) and a spring (3597), wherein the arc ring (3591) is fixedly mounted on the connecting block (3592), the connecting block (3592) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the guide groove (3576), the trapezoidal block (3593) and the connecting block (3592) are connected via a cylindrical rod (3596), and the trapezoidal block (3593) and the cylindrical rod (3596) are slidably connected, and the trapezoidal block The inclined surface of (3593) is provided with a sliding groove, the bottom of the insertion rod (3595) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove, and the insertion rod (3595) can slide radially along the inside of the connecting block (3592), the spring (3597) is used to drive the insertion rod (3595) to move in the direction close to the limiting groove (3598), the top column (3594) is fixedly installed on the trapezoidal block (3593) and passes through the connecting block (3592), the inner side of the circular tube (355) is provided with a limiting groove (3598), and the insertion rod (3595) is clamped with the limiting groove (3598).

7. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (358) comprises a U-shaped plate (3581), an extrusion block (3582), a fixing column (3583), a compression spring (3584) and a clamping column (3585), wherein the extrusion block (3582) is fixedly mounted on the U-shaped plate (3581), the fixing column (3583) is fixedly mounted on the U-shaped plate (3581), the compression spring (3584) is used to drive the extrusion block (3582) to move in the direction of the guide groove (3576), and the U-shaped plate (3581) and the fixing column (3583) are fixedly mounted on the U-shaped plate (3581). The columns (3583) can be slidably installed on the inner side of the circular block (3572), and one end of the U-shaped plate (3581) passes through the circular block (3572). The extrusion block (3582) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove (3576) and passes through the circular block (3572). The clamping column (3585) is fixedly installed on the insertion rod (3595). A through hole (3586) is opened at one end of the U-shaped plate (3581), and the clamping column (3585) is clamped with the inner side of the through hole (3586).

8. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure loading mechanism (2) comprises a platform (21), a hydraulic cylinder (22), a weighing sensor (23), a guide block (24), a pressure plate (25), a seat (26), a suspension frame (27), a displacement sensor (28) and a connecting column (29); the platform (21) can be slidably mounted on the gantry guide frame (1); the hydraulic cylinder (22) is fixedly mounted on the platform (21); the weighing sensor (23) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (22); and the displacement sensor (28) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (22). ) is fixedly mounted on the hydraulic cylinder (22), the connecting column (29) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the weighing sensor (23), the pressure plate (25) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the connecting column (29), the guide block (24) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the platform (21), the connecting column (29) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide block (24), the seat (26) is fixedly mounted on one side of the platform (21), and the suspension frame (27) is fixedly mounted on the side of the bottom end of the platform (21) away from the support frame (31).

9. The tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism (33) comprises a box (331), a rotating shaft (332), a motor (335), a connecting shaft (336) and four stoppers (337); the box (331) is fixedly mounted on the top displacement end of the displacement mechanism (32); the motor (335) drives the rotating shaft (332) to rotate through a gear (334) and a gear (333) that mesh with each other; the motor (335) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the box (331); the output shaft of the motor (335) is fixedly connected to the gear (334); the rotating shaft (332) is connected to the gear (336) and the output shaft of the motor (335) is fixedly connected to the gear (334); the rotating shaft (332) is connected to the gear (336) and the output shaft of the motor (335) is fixedly connected to the gear (334); the rotating shaft (332) is connected to the gear (336) and the output shaft of the motor (335) is fixedly connected to the gear (336). 33) is fixedly connected and passes through the box body (331), arc grooves are opened on both sides of the box body (331), and the connecting shaft (336) is slidably connected to the inner side of the arc groove, one end of the rotating shaft (332) and the connecting shaft (336) are fixedly connected to the second mounting seat (351), and the other ends of the rotating shaft (332) and the connecting shaft (336) are fixedly connected to the drilling mechanism (34), four blocks (337) are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating shaft (332) and the connecting shaft (336), and the top of the box body (331) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box (3541).

10. An operating method of a tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device, using the tractor-mounted farmland soil compaction simulation test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: a. Connecting a tractor to a suspension frame (27), and using the tractor to drive the gantry guide frame (1), the pressure loading mechanism (2) and the installation mechanism (3) to move to a test area, then measuring and calculating the position and length of the drilling hole according to the depth and drilling angle required for burying the soil pressure sensor assembly (4), and adjusting the drilling position and drilling angle of the drilling mechanism (34) by using the displacement mechanism (32) and the angle adjustment mechanism (33), and drilling the test area; b. After the drilling is completed, the side plate (3561) is opened, and the connecting block (3592) is fixed to one end of the round tube (355) close to the groove (3551), and then the pressure sensor assembly (4) is clamped in the groove (3551) of the round tube (355) with the front side facing upward, so that the arc ring (3591) and the round tube (355) fix the pressure sensor assembly (4), and the side plate (3561) is closed; c. Subsequently, the position of the circular tube (355) is adjusted by the displacement mechanism (32) and the angle adjustment mechanism (33), and the circular tube (355) and the pressure sensor assembly (4) are moved to the bottom of the hole, and the pressure sensor assembly (4) is pressed and fixed, and then the pushing mechanism (357) is used to make the circular block (3572) drive the connecting block (3592) to reset; d. When the inclined groove provided on the circular block (3572) contacts the bottom end of the vertical rod (35410), the blocking plug (3544) opens the discharge pipe (3543), and at the same time, the two tamping columns (3545) clear the discharge pipe (3543), so that the filling material falls into the inside of the circular tube (355); e. When a certain amount of filler falls into the circular tube (355), the push mechanism (357) pushes the filler in the circular tube (355) toward the pressure sensor assembly (4) to fill the space near the pressure sensor assembly (4), and at the same time closes the discharge pipe (3543). Subsequently, the push mechanism (357) repeatedly pushes the filler, and the circular tube (355) is slowly taken out. Finally, the limiting effect of the circular block (3572) and the connecting block (3592) is released, and the embedding of the pressure sensor assembly (4) is completed; f. Then, the ground above the pressure sensor assembly (4) is pressurized by the pressure loading mechanism (2), and the soil pressure information is collected by the displacement sensor (28), the weighing sensor (23) and the pressure sensor assembly (4).

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