A test device and method for simulating the effect of pipe pulling lifting grouting and stratum reinforcement rapid estimation

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of shield tunnel indoor model test, and proposes a test device and method for simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect. The test device comprises a model main body, a penetration device, a grouting device and a static sounding device. The model main body comprises a model box and a shield tunnel model arranged in the model box. The penetration device is arranged at the upper part of the model box. The pipe pulling and lifting grouting is simulated by connecting the penetration device with the grouting device. The static sounding test data is collected and the stratum reinforcement effect is quickly estimated by connecting the penetration device with the static sounding device. The present application can realize fine simulation of pipe pulling and lifting grouting in micro-disturbance grouting regulation, and quickly estimate the reinforcement effect. The application of the present application can not only further optimize the grouting construction parameters, but also significantly improve the grouting regulation efficiency and safety.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shield tunnel indoor model test, in particular to a test device and method for simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating the effect of stratum reinforcement. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of cities and the increasing perfection of traffic networks, ground route planning has been unable to meet the needs of social development, and the development and utilization of underground networks has become an inevitable trend. Due to the complex environment around the shield tunnel, factors such as adjacent construction disturbance and water level fluctuation can cause the tunnel structure to gradually deform laterally. If the lateral deformation is not further controlled, as the deformation intensifies, a series of structural diseases will occur, and even a huge risk of collapse will occur. At present, the common method for treating tunnel lateral deformation is micro-disturbance grouting reinforcement, but the determination of grouting parameters, the dynamic lifting simulation of the grouting pipe during grouting, and the stratum response before and after grouting and the reinforcement effect cannot be well monitored on site. Therefore, in order to solve the grouting problems in practice, optimize the grouting parameters, improve the grouting efficiency, and reasonably design the shield tunnel micro-disturbance grouting test device for grouting treatment tunnel mechanism research has important significance.

[0003] The Chinese patent with application number 202210414684.4 proposes a visual shield tunnel bottom grouting indoor test simulation device and method. The device includes a model box, a model tunnel, and a grouting device, which can simulate the shape of the grout-soil mixture after shield tunnel bottom grouting under different grouting control parameters. At the same time, it can also approximately reproduce the uniform, multi-point, small amount, and multiple grouting process in the micro-disturbance grouting process. This invention helps to improve the efficiency of on-site construction and optimize the selection of grouting parameters, thereby playing an important role in actual engineering.

[0004] The Chinese patent with application number 202310948697.4 proposes a test device and method for simulating the influence mechanism of ground grouting on shield tunnels. The device includes a computer, a model box, a grouting equipment, and various sensors, which can simulate the ground grouting process and measure the changes in pipe stress, strain, and displacement over time.

[0005] Currently, existing tunnel grouting model test devices and methods bury the grouting pipe at a fixed height in the soil for grouting. However, in actual micro-disturbance grouting projects, the grouting pipe undergoes a dynamic lifting process during grouting. The existing model test device cannot achieve the dynamic grouting process of lifting the grouting pipe while grouting, and there is a significant difference between the process and results of the grouting test and engineering practice. This cannot fully reflect the impact of grouting treatment on tunnels in engineering practice, leading to certain limitations in the guidance of existing research results for engineering. At the same time, the effect of soil reinforcement by grout cannot be obtained in a timely manner, and the rapid estimation of grouting effect cannot be achieved. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a test device and method for simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect.

[0007] The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the application provides a test device for simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect, comprising a model main body, a penetration device, a grouting device and a static sounding device.

[0009] The model main body comprises a model box 1 and a shield tunnel model 12 arranged in the model box 1.

[0010] The penetration device is arranged on the upper part of the model box 1, the pipe pulling and lifting grouting are simulated by connecting the penetration device with the grouting device, and the static sounding test data are collected and the stratum reinforcement effect is quickly estimated by connecting the penetration device with the static sounding device.

[0011] Further, the penetration device comprises a horizontal adjusting mechanism and a vertical adjusting mechanism.

[0012] The horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises a first steel support 2-1, a second steel support 2-2, a first steel plate 5-1, a second steel plate 5-2, a first limiting block 6-1, a second limiting block 6-2, a first sliding rail 7-1, a second sliding rail 7-2, a first screw rod 4-1, a hand wheel 13, a base 14 and a connecting block 3.

[0013] The first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2 are placed on the top of the model box 1, and the distance between the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2 is adjusted according to the actual size of the model box.

[0014] The first steel plate 5-1 is fixed on the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2, and the upper surface of the first steel plate 5-1 is provided with the first limiting block 6-1, the second limiting block 6-2 and the first sliding rail 7-1; the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2 are respectively located at the two ends of the first sliding rail 7-1.

[0015] The second steel plate 5-2 is fixed on the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2, and the upper surface of the second steel plate 5-2 is provided with the second sliding rail 7-2, which is parallel to the first sliding rail 7-1 arranged on the first steel plate 5-1.

[0016] The lower part of the base 14 is mounted on the first sliding rail 7-1 and the second sliding rail 7-2 and can slide along the first sliding rail 7-1 and the second sliding rail 7-2; one side surface of the base 14 is fixed with the connecting block 3;

[0017] The connecting block 3 is provided with a through hole, and a thread matched with the first screw rod 4-1 is arranged in the through hole; the first screw rod 4-1 is screwed with the connecting block 3 through the through hole; and the two ends of the first screw rod 4-1 are respectively mounted on the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2, and the axis of the first screw rod 4-1 is parallel to the first sliding rail 7-1.

[0018] The hand wheel 13 is fixed with one end of the first screw rod 4-1; the first screw rod 4-1 is rotated by rotating the hand wheel 13, so as to drive the connecting block 3 to move along the length direction of the first screw rod 4-1; when the hand wheel is rotated, the first screw rod 4-1 does not displace axially under the limiting action of the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2.

[0019] The vertical adjusting mechanism comprises a steel shell 17, a motor 18, a fixing device 15, a second screw rod 4-2 and a static sounding rod 16.

[0020] The bottom of the steel shell 17 is fixed on the upper surface of the base 14, the motor 18 is arranged on the top of the steel shell 17, the second screw rod 4-2 is vertically arranged in the internal cavity surrounded by the steel shell 17, and the upper end of the second screw rod 4-2 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 18, so that the second screw rod 4-2 is driven to rotate by the motor 18.

[0021] The fixing device 15 is fixed with the static sounding rod 16 at the front side, and is provided with a through hole at the back side, and a thread matched with the second screw rod 4-2 is arranged in the through hole; the second screw rod 4-2 is screwed with the fixing device 15 through the through hole; the second screw rod 4-2 is driven to rotate by controlling the motor 18, so as to drive the fixing device 15 to move along the length direction of the second screw rod 4-2.

[0022] Further, the grouting device comprises a grouting pipe 8, a grouting connecting piece 9, a fastening connecting piece 10 and a slurry conveying pipe 11.

[0023] The grouting connecting piece 9 is used for connecting the grouting pipe 8 and the slurry conveying pipe 11 to form a slurry passage.

[0024] The fastening connecting piece 10 is used for fixing the slurry conveying pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16 of the penetrating device, so as to connect the grouting device with the penetrating device.

[0025] Further, the fastening connector 10 is provided with two through holes, i.e., a first through hole 10-3 and a second through hole 10-4, for connecting the grouting pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16, respectively, and the radii of the two through holes are matched with the radii of the grouting pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16, respectively; meanwhile, the fastening connector 10 is further provided with two screw holes, i.e., a first screw hole 10-1 and a second screw hole 10-2, which correspond to the two through holes, respectively, and the fastening between the grouting pipe 11 and the fastening connector 10 and the fastening between the static sounding rod 16 and the fastening connector 10 are realized by applying screws in the screw holes.

[0026] Further, the static sounding device comprises a static sounding probe 19 for performing static sounding test to obtain CPT data.

[0027] In a second aspect, the application provides a test method for simulating pipe lifting grouting and rapidly estimating the effect of stratum reinforcement, which is based on the test device for simulating pipe lifting grouting and rapidly estimating the effect of stratum reinforcement, and comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1: performing preparation work before the test, installing the shield tunnel model 12 in the model box 1, filling the model soil in the model box 1 according to the test requirements, and presetting the grouting hole position and a plurality of static sounding points near the grouting hole position in the soil in the model box according to the test requirements;

[0029] S2: setting the assembled penetration device on the model box 1, and then installing the static sounding probe 19 at the bottom end of the static sounding rod 16 of the penetration device;

[0030] S3: obtaining the CPT data of the static sounding points near the grouting hole position;

[0031] S4: disassembling the static sounding probe 19, burying the grouting pipe 8 so that the grouting outlet of the grouting pipe 8 is located at the predetermined depth of the soil, assembling the grouting device, adjusting the position of the penetration device, and fixing the grouting device to the lower part of the static sounding rod 16 of the penetration device;

[0032] S5: preparing the slurry required for the test, and performing dynamic grouting while lifting;

[0033] S6: after the grouting is completed, disassembling the grouting device, including the fastening connector 10, the grouting connector 9, the grouting pipe 8 and the grouting pipe 11, and installing the static sounding probe 19 at the bottom end of the static sounding rod 16 of the penetration device;

[0034] S7: after the slurry solidifies, repeating the step S3 to obtain the CPT data of the static sounding preset penetration points after grouting;

[0035] S8: comparing the CPT data before and after grouting, and rapidly estimating the reinforcement effect.

[0036] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present application:

[0037] The test device and test method provided by the present application can realize fine simulation of pipe-pulling and lifting grouting in micro-disturbance grouting regulation, and quickly estimate the reinforcement effect. The pipe-pulling and lifting grouting process is finely simulated through indoor model test, so that the model test result is close to engineering practice. The application of this technology can not only further optimize the grouting construction parameters, but also significantly improve the efficiency and safety of grouting regulation.

[0038] The indoor model test can ensure the correctness and effectiveness of grouting decision in actual engineering. The test device and method of the present application abandon the disadvantage of traditional model test that can only point grouting, and use existing equipment to carry out pipe-pulling and lifting grouting. By comparing the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data before and after indoor grouting, the grouting reinforcement effect is quickly quantified and estimated. This simulation method can ensure the correctness and effectiveness of grouting decision in actual engineering, thereby reducing engineering risk and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the test device for simulating pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect (grouting process) of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the test device for simulating pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect (CPT data acquisition process) of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a split view of the test device for simulating pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect;

[0042] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the detail structure of the fastening connector;

[0043] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the detail structure of the base;

[0044] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the test process for simulating pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and quickly estimating stratum reinforcement effect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0046] Model box 1, first steel support 2-1, first steel support 2-2, connecting block 3, first screw 4-1, second screw 4-2, first steel plate 5-1, second steel plate 5-2, first limiting block 6-1, second limiting block 6-2, first slide rail 7-1, second slide rail 7-2, grouting pipe 8, grouting connector 9, fastening connector 10, first screw hole 10-1, second screw hole 10-2, first round hole 10-3, second round hole 10-4, grouting pipe 11, shield tunnel model 12, handwheel 13, base 14, first slider 14-1, second slider 14-2, bottom plate 14-3, fixing device 15, static cone penetration test rod 16, steel shell 17, motor 18, static cone penetration test probe 19. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions provided in this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of this application will become clearer from the following description.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an experimental device for rapidly estimating the effects of grouting and ground reinforcement by simulating pipe pulling is used for model tests of indoor grouting treatment of shield tunnels.

[0050] The experimental apparatus for simulating pipe pull-out grouting and rapidly estimating the formation reinforcement effect includes a model body, a penetration device, a grouting device, and a static cone penetration test device. Simulating pipe pull-out grouting is achieved by connecting the penetration device to the grouting device, and static cone penetration test data acquisition and rapid estimation of the formation reinforcement effect are achieved by connecting the penetration device to the static cone penetration test device. Wherein:

[0051] The main body of the model includes a model box 1 and a shield tunnel model 12 set in the model box 1.

[0052] The penetration device includes a horizontal adjustment mechanism and a vertical adjustment mechanism, wherein:

[0053] The horizontal adjustment mechanism specifically includes a first steel support 2-1, a second steel support 2-2, a first steel plate 5-1, a second steel plate 5-2, a first limiting block 6-1, a second limiting block 6-2, a first slide rail 7-1, a second slide rail 7-2, a first screw 4-1, a handwheel 13, a base 14, and a connecting block 3, wherein:

[0054] The first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2 are placed on top of the model box 1, and the distance between the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2 is adjusted according to the actual size of the model box;

[0055] The first steel plate 5-1 is fixed (welded in the embodiment) on the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2, and the upper surface of the first steel plate 5-1 is provided (welded in the embodiment) with a first limiting block 6-1, a second limiting block 6-2 and a first sliding rail 7-1; the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2 are respectively located at the two ends of the first sliding rail 7-1;

[0056] The second steel plate 5-2 is fixed (welded in the embodiment) on the first steel support 2-1 and the second steel support 2-2, and the upper surface of the second steel plate 5-2 is provided with a second sliding rail 7-2 parallel to the first sliding rail 7-1 provided on the first steel plate 5-1;

[0057] The lower part of the base 14 is mounted on the first sliding rail 7-1 and the second sliding rail 7-2 and can slide along the first sliding rail 7-1 and the second sliding rail 7-2; one side surface of the base 14 is fixed (welded in the embodiment) to the connecting block 3;

[0058] The connecting block 3 is provided with a through hole, and a thread matched with the first screw rod 4-1 is arranged in the through hole, and the first screw rod 4-1 is threadedly connected with the connecting block 3 through the through hole; the two ends of the first screw rod 4-1 are respectively mounted to the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2, and the axis of the first screw rod 4-1 is parallel to the first sliding rail 7-1;

[0059] The hand wheel 13 is fixed (welded in the embodiment) to one end of the first screw rod 4-1; the first screw rod 4-1 is rotated by rotating the hand wheel 13 to drive the connecting block 3 to move along the length direction of the first screw rod 4-1; when the hand wheel is rotated, the first screw rod 4-1 does not displace axially under the limiting action of the first limiting block 6-1 and the second limiting block 6-2.

[0060] The vertical adjusting mechanism specifically comprises a steel shell 17, a motor 18, a fixing device 15, a second screw rod 4-2 and a static sounding rod 16, wherein:

[0061] The bottom of the steel shell 17 is fixed (welded in the embodiment) to the upper surface of the base 14, the motor 18 is fixed to the top of the steel shell 17, the second screw rod 4-2 is vertically located in the internal cavity surrounded by the steel shell 17, and the upper end of the second screw rod 4-2 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 18, and the second screw rod 4-2 is driven to rotate by the motor 18;

[0062] The fixing device 15 is fixed with the static sounding rod 16 at the front side, and is provided with a through hole at the back side, the through hole is provided with a thread matched with the second screw 4-2, and the second screw 4-2 is threadedly connected with the fixing device 15 through the through hole; the second screw 4-2 is driven to rotate by the control motor 18, so as to drive the fixing device 15 to move along the length direction of the second screw 4-2.

[0063] Specifically, as an example, the fixing device 15 is provided with two locking blocks at the front side, for fixing the static sounding rod 16, and is welded with a connecting piece at the back side, the connecting piece is provided with a threaded through hole matched with the second screw 4-2, and the second screw 4-2 is connected with the fixing device 15 through the threaded through hole, so that the fixing device 15 moves along the length direction of the second screw 4-2 during the rotation of the second screw 4-2.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 5 The base 14 includes a first sliding block 14-1, a second sliding block 14-2 and a bottom plate 14-3, the first sliding block 14-1 and the second sliding block 14-2 are welded to the lower surface of the bottom plate 14-3, and the bottom of the first sliding block 14-1 and the second sliding block 14-2 is provided with a track matched with the first sliding rail 7-1 and the second sliding rail 7-2 in shape.

[0065] Further, the steel shell 17 is provided with a circular through hole at the top, the radius of the through hole is greater than the radius of the second screw 4-2, and the second screw 4-2 passes through the through hole.

[0066] The grouting device includes a grouting pipe 8, a grouting connecting piece 9, a fastening connecting piece 10 and a slurry conveying pipe 11.

[0067] The grouting connecting piece 9 is used to connect the grouting pipe 8 and the slurry conveying pipe 11 to form a slurry passage;

[0068] The fastening connecting piece 10 is used to fix the slurry conveying pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16 of the penetrating device, so as to connect the grouting device and the penetrating device together.

[0069] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 4 The fastening connecting piece 10 is provided with two circular holes passing through the upper and lower parts, i.e. a first circular hole 10-3 and a second circular hole 10-4, which are respectively used to connect the slurry conveying pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16, and the radii of the two circular holes are matched with the radii of the slurry conveying pipe 11 and the static sounding rod 16 respectively; meanwhile, the side surface of the fastening connecting piece 10 is also provided with two screw holes, i.e. a first screw hole 10-1 and a second screw hole 10-2, which correspond to the above two circular holes respectively, and the fastening between the slurry conveying pipe 11 and the fastening connecting piece 10 and between the static sounding rod 16 and the fastening connecting piece 10 is realized by applying screws in the screw holes.

[0070] Further, the grouting connecting piece 9 is provided with threads, the grouting pipe 8 and the grouting pipe 11 are provided with threads at the ends, the grouting pipe 8 and the grouting connecting piece 9 are connected by threads, and the grouting pipe 11 and the grouting connecting piece 9 are connected by threads.

[0071] The static sounding device comprises a static sounding probe 19 for carrying out static sounding test to obtain CPT data.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The static sounding probe 19 is installed at the bottom of the static sounding rod 16 for carrying out static sounding test to obtain CPT data.

[0073] Embodiment 2

[0074] As shown in Figure 6 A test method for simulating the effect of pipe-pulling lifting grouting and stratum reinforcement and rapidly estimating the effect is implemented based on the test device for simulating the effect of pipe-pulling lifting grouting and stratum reinforcement and rapidly estimating the effect of embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1: performing preparation work before the test, installing the shield tunnel model 12 in the model box 1, filling an appropriate amount of model soil according to the test requirements, and presetting a plurality of static sounding points near the grouting hole in the soil in the model box 1 according to the test requirements.

[0076] S2: setting the assembled penetrating device on the model box 1, and then installing the static sounding probe 19 at the bottom end of the static sounding rod 16 of the penetrating device.

[0077] S3: obtaining CPT data of the static sounding points near the grouting hole, and the specific process comprises:

[0078] S31: adjusting the left and right positions of the static sounding probe 19 by adjusting the positions of the first steel plate 5-1 and the second steel plate 5-2 at the upper part of the model box 1, and adjusting the front and rear positions of the static sounding probe 19 by rotating the hand wheel 13, until the static sounding probe 19 is aligned with the static sounding point, at which time the penetrating device and the model box 1 can be fixed together by using a clamp (not shown in the figure);

[0079] S32: starting the motor 18, driving the second screw 4-2 to rotate by the motor 18, thereby driving the fixing device 15 and the static sounding rod 16 fixed to the fixing device 15 to move downward, the static sounding probe 19 at the end of the static sounding rod 16 penetrates into the soil to obtain CPT data before grouting; and then driving the second screw 4-2 to rotate by the motor 18, thereby driving the fixing device 15 and the static sounding rod 16 fixed to the fixing device 15 to move upward, the static sounding probe 19 at the end of the static sounding rod 16 moves out of the soil;

[0080] S33: repeat the operations of the above steps S31 and S32 until all the preset static sounding point site grouting pre-CPT data are acquired.

[0081] Further, in the embodiment, the static sounding probe 16 can be controlled to move downward at a preset speed.

[0082] S4: the static sounding probe 19 is disassembled, the grouting pipe 8 is buried so that the grouting outlet thereof is located at a predetermined depth of the soil body, the grouting device is assembled, the position of the penetration device is adjusted, and the grouting device is fixed to the lower part of the static sounding probe 16 of the penetration device; the specific process includes:

[0083] S41: the grouting pipe 8 is connected to the lower part of the grouting connecting piece 9, the lower end of the grouting pipe 8 is pre-buried in the soil body, and the grouting outlet thereof reaches the soil body at a specified depth in the preset grouting hole;

[0084] S42: the positions of the first steel plate 5-1 and the second steel plate 5-2 of the penetration device on the upper part of the model box 1 are adjusted, the hand wheel 13 is used to make the position of the static sounding probe 16 match the grouting pipe 8, and then the penetration device and the model box are fixed together by using a clamp (not shown in the figure); in the embodiment, the clamp can be a C-shaped clamp or other fixing tools;

[0085] S43: the grouting pipe 11 is passed through the first circular hole 10-3 of the fastening connecting piece 10, and the grouting pipe 11 is fixed to the fastening connecting piece 10 by applying a screw in the first screw hole 10-1, the grouting pipe 11 is connected to the grouting connecting piece 9 below the fastening connecting piece 10, and in this way, the grouting pipe 11, the grouting connecting piece 9, the grouting pipe 8, and the fastening connecting piece 10 form an integral whole, that is, the grouting device;

[0086] S44: the height of the static sounding probe 16 of the penetration device is adjusted, the static sounding probe 16 is passed through the second circular hole 10-4 of the fastening connecting piece 10, and the static sounding probe 16 is fixed to the fastening connecting piece 10 by applying a screw in the second screw hole 10-2, and in this way, the grouting device and the penetration device are fixed together.

[0087] S5: the slurry required for the test is prepared, and dynamic grouting by lifting is performed; specifically:

[0088] At the same time when the grouting starts, the motor 18 is started, the second screw rod 4-2 is driven to rotate by the motor 18, the fixed device 15 and the static sounding probe 16 fixed to the fixed device 15 are uniformly lifted at a preset speed, the grouting pipe 8 is lifted to the designed height, the soil body on one side of the shield tunnel model 12 is reinforced, and the motor is closed when the grouting ends.

[0089] S6: After the grouting is completed, the grouting device is removed, including the fastening connecting piece 10, the grouting connecting piece 9, the grouting pipe 8 and the grout feeding pipe 11, and the static sounding probe 19 is installed at the bottom end of the static sounding rod 16 of the penetration device.

[0090] S7: After the slurry is solidified, the step S3 is repeated to obtain the CPT data of the preset penetration point of the static sounding after the grouting.

[0091] S8: The CPT data before and after the grouting are compared, and the reinforcement effect is quickly estimated. The specific implementation of the processing of the CPT data and the estimation of the reinforcement effect is not the focus of the technical scheme of the present application, and is not described in detail here.

[0092] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not any limitation on the scope of the present application. Any modification or modification made by any person skilled in the art according to the above disclosed technical content shall be regarded as an equivalent effective embodiment, and shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A test device for rapidly estimating the effects of simulating pipe-pulling grouting and formation reinforcement, characterized in that, It includes the main model, the penetration device, the grouting device, and the static cone penetration test device; The main body of the model includes a model box (1) and a shield tunnel model (12) set in the model box (1). The penetration device is set on the upper part of the model box (1). By connecting the penetration device with the grouting device, the simulated pipe pulling and lifting grouting is realized. By connecting the penetration device with the static penetration device, the static penetration test data is collected and the formation reinforcement effect is quickly estimated. The penetration device includes a horizontal adjustment mechanism and a vertical adjustment mechanism; The horizontal adjustment mechanism includes a first steel support (2-1), a second steel support (2-2), a first steel plate (5-1), a second steel plate (5-2), a first limiting block (6-1), a second limiting block (6-2), a first slide rail (7-1), a second slide rail (7-2), a first screw (4-1), a handwheel (13), a base (14), and a connecting block (3), wherein: The first steel support (2-1) and the second steel support (2-2) are placed on top of the model box (1), and the distance between the first steel support (2-1) and the second steel support (2-2) is adjusted according to the actual size of the model box; The first steel plate (5-1) is fixed on the first steel support (2-1) and the second steel support (2-2). The upper surface of the first steel plate (5-1) is provided with a first limiting block (6-1), a second limiting block (6-2) and a first slide rail (7-1); the first limiting block (6-1) and the second limiting block (6-2) are respectively located at the two ends of the first slide rail (7-1). The second steel plate (5-2) is fixed on the first steel support (2-1) and the second steel support (2-2). A second slide rail (7-2) is provided on the upper surface of the second steel plate (5-2). The second slide rail (7-2) is parallel to the first slide rail (7-1) provided on the first steel plate (5-1). The lower part of the base (14) is mounted on the first slide rail (7-1) and the second slide rail (7-2) and can slide along the first slide rail (7-1) and the second slide rail (7-2); one side surface of the base (14) is fixed to the connecting block (3); The connecting block (3) is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is provided with a thread that matches the first screw (4-1). The first screw (4-1) is threadedly connected to the connecting block (3) through the through hole. The two ends of the first screw (4-1) are respectively installed on the first limiting block (6-1) and the second limiting block (6-2). The axis of the first screw (4-1) is parallel to the first slide rail (7-1). The handwheel (13) is fixed to one end of the first screw (4-1); by rotating the handwheel (13), the first screw (4-1) is rotated, thereby driving the connecting block (3) to move along the length direction of the first screw (4-1); when the handwheel rotates, the first screw (4-1) does not undergo axial displacement under the limiting action of the first limiting block (6-1) and the second limiting block (6-2); The vertical adjustment mechanism includes a steel housing (17), a motor (18), a fixing device (15), a second screw (4-2), and a static cone penetrometer (16), wherein: The bottom of the steel shell (17) is fixed to the upper surface of the base (14), the motor (18) is located on the top of the steel shell (17), the second screw (4-2) is vertically located in the inner cavity enclosed by the steel shell (17), and the upper end of the second screw (4-2) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (18), and the second screw (4-2) is driven to rotate by the motor (18); The fixing device (15) has a static probe rod (16) fixed on its front side and a through hole on its rear side. The through hole has a thread that matches the second screw (4-2). The second screw (4-2) is threadedly connected to the fixing device (15) through the through hole. The fixing device (15) is moved along the length of the second screw (4-2) by controlling the motor (18) to rotate the second screw (4-2).

2. The experimental device for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base (14) includes a first slider (14-1), a second slider (14-2), and a base plate (14-3). The first slider (14-1) and the second slider (14-2) are welded to the lower surface of the base plate (14-3). The bottom of the first slider (14-1) and the second slider (14-2) are provided with rails, and the shape of the rails matches the shape of the first slide rail (7-1) and the second slide rail (7-2).

3. The experimental device for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting device includes a grouting pipe (8), a grouting connector (9), a fastening connector (10), and a grout delivery pipe (11), wherein: The grouting connector (9) is used to connect the grouting pipe (8) and the grout delivery pipe (11) to form a grout passage; The fastening connector (10) is used to fix the grouting pipe (11) and the static cone probe (16) of the penetration device, thereby connecting the grouting device and the penetration device together.

4. The experimental device for rapidly estimating the effects of simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fastening connector (10) has two through holes, namely the first hole (10-3) and the second hole (10-4), which are used to connect the slurry pipe (11) and the static cone penetrometer (16) respectively. The radii of the two holes are matched with the radii of the slurry pipe (11) and the static cone penetrometer (16) respectively. At the same time, the fastening connector (10) also has two screw holes on its side, namely the first screw hole (10-1) and the second screw hole (10-2), which correspond to the two holes mentioned above. The fastening is achieved by applying screws in the screw holes to fasten the slurry pipe (11) and the fastening connector (10) and the static cone penetrometer (16) and the fastening connector (10).

5. The experimental device for rapidly estimating the effects of simulating pipe pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The static cone penetration device includes a static cone penetration probe (19) for performing static cone penetration tests to obtain CPT data.

6. A test method for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement, characterized in that, Based on the test apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-5, the procedure includes the following steps: S1: Before the test, prepare the shield tunnel model (12) in the model box (1), fill an appropriate amount of model soil according to the test requirements, and pre-set the grouting hole positions and several static penetration points near the grouting hole positions in the soil in the model box according to the test requirements. S2: Set the assembled penetration device on the model box (1), and then install the static penetration probe (19) at the bottom of the static penetration rod (16) of the penetration device. S3: Obtain CPT data of static cone penetration test points near the grouting hole location; S4: Remove the static cone penetration probe (19), bury the grouting pipe (8) so that its grout outlet is at the predetermined depth of the soil, assemble the grouting device, adjust the position of the penetration device, and fix the lower part of the static cone penetration rod (16) of the grouting device and the penetration device. S5: Prepare the grout required for the test and perform dynamic grouting while simultaneously lifting the vessel. S6: After grouting is completed, remove the grouting device, including fastening connector (10), grouting connector (9), grouting pipe (8) and grout delivery pipe (11), and install static penetrometer (19) at the bottom of the static penetrometer rod (16) of the penetration device. S7: After the grout solidifies, repeat step S3 to obtain the CPT data of the preset penetration points of the static cone penetration test after grouting. S8: Compare CPT data before and after grouting and make a quick estimate of the reinforcement effect.

7. The experimental method for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31: By adjusting the position of the first steel plate (5-1) and the second steel plate (5-2) on the upper part of the model box (1), the left and right positions of the static cone penetration probe (19) can be adjusted. The front and back positions of the static cone penetration probe (19) can be adjusted by rotating the handwheel (13) until the static cone penetration probe (19) is aligned with the static cone penetration point. At this time, the clamp is used to fix the penetration device to the model box. S32: Start the motor (18), drive the second screw (4-2) to rotate through the motor (18), thereby driving the fixing device (15) and the static cone penetration test rod (16) fixed to the fixing device (15) to move downward, and the static cone penetration test probe (19) at the end of the static cone penetration test rod (16) penetrates into the soil to obtain CPT data before grouting; then drive the second screw (4-2) to rotate through the motor (18), thereby driving the fixing device (15) and the static cone penetration test rod (16) fixed to the fixing device (15) to move upward, and the static cone penetration test probe (19) at the end of the static cone penetration test rod (16) moves out of the soil; S33: Repeat steps S31 and S32 above until all preset static cone penetration test (CPT) data are obtained before grouting.

8. The experimental method for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: S41: Connect the grouting pipe (8) to the lower part of the grouting connector (9), and pre-bury the lower end of the grouting pipe (8) in the soil, so that its grout outlet reaches the soil at a specified depth in the preset grouting hole; S42: By adjusting the position of the first steel plate (5-1) and the second steel plate (5-2) of the penetration device on the upper part of the model box (1) and the handwheel (13), the position of the static penetration rod (16) can be matched with the grouting pipe (8), and then the penetration device is fixed together with the model box using a clamp. S43: Pass the grout delivery pipe (11) through the first round hole (10-3) of the fastening connector (10), and fix the grout delivery pipe (11) to the fastening connector (10) by applying screws in the first screw hole (10-1). The grout delivery pipe (11) is connected to the grouting connector (9) below the fastening connector (10). In this way, the grout delivery pipe (11), the grouting connector (9), the grouting pipe (8) and the fastening connector (10) form a whole, which is the grouting device. S44: Adjust the height of the static cone penetrometer rod (16) of the penetration device so that the static cone penetrometer rod (16) passes through the second round hole (10-4) of the fastening connector (10), and fix the static cone penetrometer rod (16) to the fastening connector (10) by applying screws in the second screw hole (10-2). In this way, the grouting device and the penetration device are fixed together.

9. The experimental method for rapidly estimating the effects of simulated pipe-pulling and lifting grouting and formation reinforcement as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: At the same moment the grouting begins, the motor (18) is started, and the second screw (4-2) is driven to rotate by the motor (18), thereby driving the fixing device (15) and the static penetration rod (16) fixed to the fixing device (15) to rise at a preset speed, so that the grouting pipe (8) rises to the design height, thereby achieving soil reinforcement on one side of the shield tunnel model (12). The motor is turned off at the same time when the grouting is completed.

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