Urban sewage pipe network flow extreme value distribution prediction system

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban sewage pipe network flow extreme value distribution prediction system, belongs to the technical field of sewage pipe network monitoring, and aims to solve the problem that an existing sewage pipe network system is inaccurate in flow distribution and extreme value prediction. The system comprises a data acquisition module, a flow extreme value calculation module, a backward flow risk assessment module and a system management and visualization module, through comprehensive and accurate data acquisition, the actual situation of each pipeline is deeply analyzed, the flow extreme value is accurately calculated and scientifically distributed to each branch pipeline, and the flow risk assessment is realized. Sewage can be transmitted in a pipe network according to a reasonable flow path, the problem that local pipeline pressure is too large or too small due to uneven flow distribution is effectively solved, pressure changes among pipeline nodes are monitored in real time through a pressure difference calculation technology, and the pipeline position and liquid level information are accurately calculated. The backward flow risk is rapidly and accurately judged, and the accuracy of flow distribution and extreme value prediction of a sewage pipe network system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sewage pipe network monitoring, and in particular to a flow extreme value distribution prediction system for an urban sewage pipe network. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of urban infrastructure, the operating status of urban sewage pipe network is directly related to the efficiency and quality of urban drainage and sewage treatment. With the acceleration of urbanization, the structure of sewage pipe network is becoming increasingly complex, and the pipeline classification is gradually becoming clear, usually including multi-level structures such as main pipes, branch pipes and branch pipes. Pipes at all levels play different roles in the process of sewage collection, transportation and treatment, and together constitute a complex sewage pipe network system.

[0003] Traditional urban sewage pipe network management mainly relies on experience and regular manual inspections. In terms of flow monitoring and control, simple flow meters were often used in the early days to measure flow at some key nodes. However, this method has many limitations. On the one hand, the number of monitoring points is limited, and it is difficult to fully reflect the flow distribution of the entire pipe network; on the other hand, the ability to predict flow extremes is insufficient, and it is impossible to provide early warning of possible pipeline overload or backflow risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a city sewage pipe network, which solves the problem of inaccurate flow distribution and extreme value prediction in the existing sewage pipe network system in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a system for predicting the distribution of flow extreme values ​​in an urban sewage network, characterized in that it comprises: a data acquisition module, a flow extreme value calculation module, a backflow risk assessment module and a system management and visualization module;

[0006] The data acquisition module is used to collect the diameter, length, drop and water inlet location parameters of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline, as well as the three-dimensional coordinate information of each node, to build an accurate pipe network data foundation;

[0007] The flow extreme value calculation module calculates the maximum flow extreme value of the main pipeline based on its characteristics, and then comprehensively considers the sewage volume in the service area of ​​the branch pipeline and the water flow capacity of the branch pipeline, and reasonably allocates the flow extreme values ​​of each branch pipeline to ensure that the entire sewage pipe network can achieve efficient and balanced flow transmission under different working conditions, avoiding local pipeline overload or insufficient flow;

[0008] The backflow risk assessment module uses the Bernoulli equation, real-time liquid level monitoring data and pipeline location information to accurately calculate the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes, and compares it with the preset threshold to determine the backflow risk status. Once the risk exceeds the standard, it immediately triggers multiple forms of warnings, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures to ensure the safety of pipeline network operation;

[0009] The system management and visualization module stores massive amounts of pipeline network data through a database management system to ensure data integrity and traceability, and uses a geographic information system or visualization software to intuitively present the pipeline network topology, flow extreme value distribution, and pressure difference, making it easy for operation and maintenance personnel to quickly gain insight into the status of the pipeline network.

[0010] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes a pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit and a node position acquisition unit; the pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit accurately obtains the diameter D of the only main pipeline in the area. 主 Length L 主 And height difference ΔH 主 For multiple branch pipes, collect their diameters D 分i , where i = 1, 2, ..., m, m is the number of branch pipes and the length L 分i , height difference ΔH 分i For each branch pipeline, collect the length L of each branch pipeline 支j , where i = 1, 2, ..., n i , n i is the number and diameter of branch pipes on the i-th branch pipe 支j , height difference ΔH 支j And the height of the water inlet position H 进水口支j ,These data are obtained by combining professional field measurement instruments with geographic information system data extraction;

[0011] The node position acquisition unit uses a global positioning system and high-precision measuring equipment to accurately measure the three-dimensional position information of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline nodes, and expresses it in (x, y, z) coordinates to construct a detailed and accurate pipeline network topology structure and clarify the mutual connection and position relationship of each pipeline in space.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow extreme value calculation module includes a main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit, a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit and a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit; the main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit calculates the flow extreme value of the main pipeline according to the diameter D of the main pipeline. 主 Calculate its maximum flow extreme value. The flow calculation formula for the circular main pipe under full flow state is: Q 主 =A 主 ×V 主 , where Q 主 is the flow rate (m 3 / s), A 主 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe (m 2 ), V 主 is the flow velocity (m / s), which is determined by the Manning formula: n 主 Roughness coefficient is determined according to the material of the main pipe. 主 is the hydraulic radius, for a full circular pipe flow S 主 is the hydraulic slope, which can be approximated by When the main pipeline is relatively flat, the overall terrain slope of the reference area is estimated, and the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipeline is obtained. 主max ;

[0013] The branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit is based on the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipeline. 主max , determine the maximum flow extreme value for each branch pipe, considering the predicted value of sewage generation in the area served by the branch pipe W 分i And the total sewage generation forecast for the entire sewage network service area The maximum flow value Q allocated to the i-th branch pipe 分imax , the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, the predicted value of sewage generation is W 分i The model was derived through detailed analysis of water consumption, land use type, population density and industrial wastewater discharge patterns in the service area of ​​the pipeline. For areas with multiple land use types, a comprehensive calculation was made based on the number of residents, commercial scale, water use habits and corresponding wastewater discharge coefficients.

[0014] The branch pipe flow extreme value allocation unit allocates the maximum flow extreme value to each branch pipe according to the maximum flow extreme value of the branch pipe to which it belongs. When the kth branch pipe belongs to the ith branch pipe, the designed water flow capacity C of the branch pipe is considered. 支k And the total designed water flow capacity of all branch pipes under the branch pipe The maximum flow value Q assigned to the kth branch pipe 支kmax The calculation formula is: Designed water flow capacity C 支k The branch pipe diameter, length, roughness and expected hydraulic slope are considered and the formula is used. calculate.

[0015] Furthermore, the backflow risk assessment module includes a pressure difference calculation unit and a backflow warning unit; the pressure difference calculation unit is based on the Bernoulli equation Where P is pressure, ρ is sewage density, which is 1000kg / m 3 , g is the acceleration due to gravity 9.8m / s 2, z is the height, V is the flow rate, and the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes is calculated to assess the risk of backflow; for the connected branch pipelines and sub-pipelines, the height of the branch pipeline inlet position is H 进水口支 , the height of a point in the distribution pipeline is H 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 支 ; Normally, when h 分 +H 分 >h 支 +H 进水口支 , water flows from the branch pipe to the branch pipe; in abnormal case, if h 分 +H 分 <h 支 +H 进水口支 , pressure difference ΔP=ρg[(h 支 +H 进水口支 )-(h 分 +H 分 )], when this pressure difference exceeds the threshold value determined based on the pipe material and pipe diameter, there is a risk of backflow. By using the liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height and pipe position information in real time, the pressure difference is calculated. When ΔP is greater than the set threshold, the backflow warning unit issues a warning message;

[0016] Once the backflow warning unit detects that a pipeline has a backflow risk, it will immediately issue a warning message. The warning can be conveyed to the operation and maintenance personnel through SMS notifications, system pop-up windows, and sound and light alarms so that they can take corresponding measures in time, including adjusting the operating parameters of the pump station, limiting upstream flow, and checking whether the pipeline is blocked.

[0017] Furthermore, the system management and visualization module includes a data storage and management unit and a visualization display unit; the data storage and management unit uses a professional database management system to store the collected pipeline parameters, node location information, calculated flow extreme values ​​and pressure difference data, and designs a reasonable data table structure to ensure the integrity, accuracy and efficient storage and retrieval of the data, providing strong support for subsequent query, analysis and report generation;

[0018] The visualization display unit uses a geographic information system platform or professional pipe network visualization software to display the topological structure, flow extreme value distribution and pressure difference of the sewage pipe network in an intuitive graphical interface, and uses different colors or line thicknesses to represent the flow extreme value size and pressure difference information, while clearly displaying the node location and pipe attribute details. Through the visualization interface, operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate potential problem areas, assist in their decision-making and pipe network maintenance plan scheduling, and improve the efficiency and quality of pipe network management.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a system for predicting the distribution of flow extremes in an urban sewage pipe network. Through comprehensive and accurate data collection, the actual conditions of each pipe are deeply analyzed, the flow extremes are accurately calculated and scientifically distributed to each branch pipe and branch pipe, thereby ensuring that sewage can be transmitted in the pipe network according to a reasonable flow path, effectively eliminating the problem of excessive or insufficient local pipe pressure caused by uneven flow distribution, and using pressure difference calculation technology to monitor the pressure changes between each pipe node in real time. Combined with accurate pipe position and liquid level information, the risk of backflow can be quickly and accurately determined, thereby improving the accuracy of flow distribution and extreme value prediction of the sewage pipe network system. Once a risk occurs, a multi-channel early warning system is immediately activated to promptly notify the operation and maintenance personnel, thereby effectively preventing sewage from backflowing to low-lying areas or other pipes, thereby avoiding damage to urban infrastructure, greatly reducing the economic losses caused by backflow and the interference with the normal production and living order of the city, and enhancing the city's ability to respond to emergencies in the sewage pipe network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In order to solve the technical problems of inaccurate flow distribution and extreme value prediction in the existing sewage pipe network system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0024] A system for predicting the flow extreme value distribution of a city sewage pipe network comprises: a data acquisition module, a flow extreme value calculation module, a backflow risk assessment module and a system management and visualization module.

[0025] The data acquisition module is used to collect the diameter, length, drop and water inlet location parameters of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline, as well as the three-dimensional coordinate information of each node, to build an accurate pipe network data foundation. The data acquisition module includes a pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit and a node location acquisition unit;

[0026] The pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit accurately obtains the diameter D of the only main pipeline in the area 主 Length L 主 And height difference ΔH 主 For multiple branch pipes, collect their diameters D 分i, where i = 1, 2, ..., m, m is the number of branch pipes and the length L 分i , height difference ΔH 分i For each branch pipeline, collect the length L of each branch pipeline 支j , where i = 1, 2, ..., n i , n i is the number and diameter of branch pipes on the i-th branch pipe 支j , height difference ΔH 支j And the height of the water inlet position H 进水口支j ,These data are obtained by combining professional field measuring instruments with geographic information system data extraction.

[0027] The node location acquisition unit uses the global positioning system and high-precision measuring equipment to accurately measure the three-dimensional location information of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline nodes, expressed as (x, y, z) coordinates, to construct a detailed and accurate pipeline network topology structure and clarify the interconnection and position relationship of each pipeline in space.

[0028] The flow extreme value calculation module calculates the maximum flow extreme value of the main pipeline based on its characteristics, and then comprehensively considers the sewage volume in the service area of ​​the branch pipeline and the water flow capacity of the branch pipeline, and reasonably allocates the flow extreme values ​​of each branch and branch pipeline to ensure that the entire sewage pipe network can achieve efficient and balanced flow transmission under different working conditions, avoiding local pipeline overload or insufficient flow. The flow extreme value calculation module includes a main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit, a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit and a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit;

[0029] The main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit is based on the diameter D of the main pipeline. 主 Calculate its maximum flow extreme value. The flow calculation formula for the circular main pipe under full flow state is: Q 主 =A 主 ×V 主 , where Q 主 is the flow rate (m 3 / s), A 主 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe (m 2 ), V 主 is the flow velocity (m / s), which is determined by the Manning formula: n 主 Roughness coefficient is determined according to the material of the main pipe. 主 is the hydraulic radius, for a full circular pipe flow S 主 is the hydraulic slope, which can be approximated by When the main pipeline is relatively flat, the overall terrain slope of the reference area is estimated, and the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipeline is obtained. 主max .

[0030] The branch pipe flow extreme value allocation unit is based on the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipe. 主max , determine the maximum flow extreme value for each branch pipe, considering the predicted value of sewage generation in the area served by the branch pipe W 分i And the total sewage generation forecast for the entire sewage network service area The maximum flow value Q allocated to the i-th branch pipe 分imax , the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, the predicted value of sewage generation is W 分i The result was obtained through detailed analysis and modeling of water consumption, land use type, population density and industrial sewage discharge patterns in the service area of ​​the pipeline. For areas with multiple land use types, a comprehensive calculation was made based on the number of residents, commercial scale, water use habits and corresponding sewage discharge coefficients.

[0031] The branch pipe flow extreme value allocation unit allocates the maximum flow extreme value to each branch pipe according to the maximum flow extreme value of the branch pipe to which it belongs. When the kth branch pipe belongs to the ith branch pipe, the design water flow capacity C of the branch pipe is considered. 支k And the total designed water flow capacity of all branch pipes under the branch pipe The maximum flow value Q assigned to the kth branch pipe 支kmax The calculation formula is: Designed water flow capacity C 支k The branch pipe diameter, length, roughness and expected hydraulic slope are considered and the formula is used. calculate.

[0032] The backflow risk assessment module uses the Bernoulli equation, real-time liquid level monitoring data and pipeline location information to accurately calculate the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes, and compares it with the preset threshold to determine the backflow risk status. Once the risk exceeds the standard, it immediately triggers multiple forms of warnings, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures to ensure the safety of pipeline network operation. The backflow risk assessment module includes a pressure difference calculation unit and a backflow warning unit

[0033] The pressure difference calculation unit is based on the Bernoulli equation Where P is pressure, ρ is sewage density, which is 1000kg / m 3 , g is the acceleration due to gravity 9.8m / s 2 , z is the height, V is the flow rate, and the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes is calculated to assess the risk of backflow; for the connected branch pipelines and sub-pipelines, the height of the branch pipeline inlet position is H 进水口支 , the height of a point in the distribution pipeline is H 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 支 ; Normally, when h分 +H 分 >h 支 +H 进水口支 , water flows from the branch pipe to the branch pipe; in abnormal case, if h 分 +H 分 <h 支 +H 进水口支 , pressure difference ΔP=ρg[(h 支 +H 进水口支 )-(h 分 +H 分 )], when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold value determined based on the pipe material and pipe diameter, there is a risk of backflow. By using the liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height and pipe position information in real time, the pressure difference is calculated. When ΔP is greater than the set threshold, the backflow warning unit issues a warning message.

[0034] Once the backflow warning unit detects that there is a backflow risk in a pipeline, it will immediately issue a warning message. The warning can be conveyed to the operation and maintenance personnel through SMS notifications, system pop-up windows, and sound and light alarms so that they can take corresponding measures in time, including adjusting the operating parameters of the pump station, limiting upstream flow, and checking whether the pipeline is blocked.

[0035] The system management and visualization module stores massive amounts of pipe network data through a database management system to ensure data integrity and traceability. It uses geographic information systems or visualization software to visually present the pipe network topology, flow extreme value distribution, and pressure difference, making it easier for operation and maintenance personnel to quickly understand the pipe network status. The system management and visualization module includes a data storage and management unit and a visualization display unit.

[0036] The data storage and management unit uses a professional database management system to store the collected pipeline parameters, node location information, calculated flow extreme values ​​and pressure difference data, and designs a reasonable data table structure to ensure the integrity, accuracy, and efficient storage and retrieval of the data, providing strong support for subsequent query, analysis and report generation;

[0037] The visualization unit uses a geographic information system platform or professional pipe network visualization software to display the topological structure, flow extreme value distribution and pressure difference of the sewage pipe network in an intuitive graphical interface. Different colors or line thicknesses are used to indicate the flow extreme value size and pressure difference information. At the same time, the node location and pipe attribute details are clearly displayed. Through the visualization interface, operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate potential problem areas, assist in their decision-making and pipe network maintenance plan scheduling, and improve the efficiency and quality of pipe network management.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a city sewage network, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, flow extreme value calculation module, backflow risk assessment module and system management and visualization module; The data acquisition module is used to collect the diameter, length, drop and water inlet location parameters of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline, as well as the three-dimensional coordinate information of each node, to build an accurate pipe network data foundation; The flow extreme value calculation module calculates the maximum flow extreme value of the main pipeline based on its characteristics, and then comprehensively considers the sewage volume in the service area of ​​the branch pipeline and the water flow capacity of the branch pipeline, and reasonably allocates the flow extreme values ​​of each branch pipeline to ensure that the entire sewage pipe network can achieve efficient and balanced flow transmission under different working conditions, avoiding local pipeline overload or insufficient flow; The backflow risk assessment module uses the Bernoulli equation, real-time liquid level monitoring data and pipeline location information to accurately calculate the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes, and compares it with the preset threshold to determine the backflow risk status. Once the risk exceeds the standard, it immediately triggers multiple forms of warnings, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures to ensure the safety of pipeline network operation; The system management and visualization module stores massive amounts of pipeline network data through a database management system to ensure data integrity and traceability, and uses a geographic information system or visualization software to intuitively present the pipeline network topology, flow extreme value distribution, and pressure difference, making it easy for operation and maintenance personnel to quickly gain insight into the status of the pipeline network.

2. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit and a node position acquisition unit; the pipeline basic parameter acquisition unit accurately obtains the diameter D of the only main pipeline in the area. 主 Length L 主 And height difference ΔH 主 For multiple branch pipes, collect their diameters D 分i , where i = 1, 2, ..., m, m is the number of branch pipes and the length L 分i , height difference ΔH 分i For each branch pipeline, collect the length L of each branch pipeline 支j , where i = 1, 2, ..., n i , n i is the number and diameter of branch pipes on the i-th branch pipe 支j , height difference ΔH 支j And the height of the water inlet position H 进水口支j ,These data are obtained by combining professional field measuring instruments with geographic information system data extraction.

3. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The node position acquisition unit uses a global positioning system and high-precision measuring equipment to accurately measure the three-dimensional position information of the main pipeline, branch pipeline and branch pipeline nodes, and expresses it in (x, y, z) coordinates to construct a detailed and accurate pipeline network topology structure and clarify the mutual connection and position relationship of each pipeline in space.

4. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow extreme value calculation module includes a main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit, a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit and a branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit; the main pipeline flow extreme value calculation unit calculates the flow extreme value of the main pipeline according to the diameter D of the main pipeline. 主 Calculate its maximum flow extreme value. The flow calculation formula for the circular main pipe under full flow state is: Q 主 =A 主 ×V 主 , where Q 主 is the flow rate (m 3 / s), A 主 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe (m 2 ), V 主 is the flow velocity (m / s), which is determined by the Manning formula: n 主 Roughness coefficient is determined according to the material of the main pipe. 主 is the hydraulic radius, for a full circular pipe flow S 主 is the hydraulic slope, which can be approximated by When the main pipeline is relatively flat, the overall terrain slope of the reference area is estimated, and the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipeline is obtained. 主max .

5. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The branch pipeline flow extreme value allocation unit is based on the maximum flow extreme value Q of the main pipeline. 主max , determine the maximum flow extreme value for each branch pipe, considering the predicted value of sewage generation in the area served by the branch pipe W 分i And the total sewage generation forecast for the entire sewage network service area The maximum flow value Q allocated to the i-th branch pipe 分imax , the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, the predicted value of sewage generation is W 分i The result was obtained through detailed analysis and modeling of water consumption, land use type, population density and industrial sewage discharge patterns in the service areas of the pipelines. For areas with multiple land use types, a comprehensive calculation was conducted based on the number of residents, commercial scale, water use habits and corresponding sewage discharge coefficients.

6. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The branch pipe flow extreme value allocation unit allocates the maximum flow extreme value to each branch pipe according to the maximum flow extreme value of the branch pipe to which it belongs. When the kth branch pipe belongs to the ith branch pipe, the designed water flow capacity C of the branch pipe is considered. 支k And the total designed water flow capacity of all branch pipes under the branch pipe The maximum flow value Q assigned to the kth branch pipe 支kmax The calculation formula is: Designed water flow capacity C 支k The branch pipe diameter, length, roughness and expected hydraulic slope are considered and the formula is used. calculate.

7. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The backflow risk assessment module includes a pressure difference calculation unit and a backflow warning unit; the pressure difference calculation unit is based on the Bernoulli equation Where P is pressure, ρ is sewage density, which is 1000kg / m 3 , g is the acceleration due to gravity 9.8m / s 2 , z is the height, V is the flow rate, and the pressure difference between different pipeline nodes is calculated to assess the risk of backflow; for the connected branch pipelines and sub-pipelines, the height of the branch pipeline inlet position is H 进水口支 , the height of a point in the distribution pipeline is H 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 分 , the liquid level in the branch pipe is h 支 ; Normally, when h 分 +H 分 >h 支 +H 进水口支 , water flows from the branch pipe to the branch pipe; in abnormal case, if h 分 +H 分 <h 支 +H 进水口支 , pressure difference ΔP=ρg[(h 支 +H 进水口支 )-(h 分 +H 分 )], when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold value determined based on the pipe material and pipe diameter, there is a risk of backflow. By using the liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height and pipe position information in real time, the pressure difference is calculated. When ΔP is greater than the set threshold, the backflow warning unit issues a warning message.

8. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Once the backflow warning unit detects that a pipeline has a backflow risk, it will immediately issue a warning message. The warning can be conveyed to the operation and maintenance personnel through SMS notifications, system pop-up windows, and sound and light alarms so that they can take corresponding measures in time, including adjusting the operating parameters of the pump station, limiting upstream flow, and checking whether the pipeline is blocked.

9. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The system management and visualization module includes a data storage and management unit and a visualization display unit; the data storage and management unit uses a professional database management system to store the collected pipeline parameters, node location information, calculated flow extreme values ​​and pressure difference data, and designs a reasonable data table structure to ensure the integrity, accuracy and efficient storage and retrieval of the data, providing strong support for subsequent query, analysis and report generation.

10. A system for predicting the extreme value distribution of flow in a municipal sewage network according to claim 9, characterized in that: The visualization display unit uses a geographic information system platform or professional pipe network visualization software to display the topological structure, flow extreme value distribution and pressure difference of the sewage pipe network in an intuitive graphical interface, and uses different colors or line thicknesses to represent the flow extreme value size and pressure difference information, while clearly displaying the node location and pipe attribute details. Through the visualization interface, operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate potential problem areas, assist in their decision-making and pipe network maintenance plan scheduling, and improve the efficiency and quality of pipe network management.

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