Coaxial confocal athermalization implementation method of X-ray optical system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of space X-ray optics, in particular to a coaxial confocal athermalization implementation method for an X-ray optical system, which can realize coaxial confocal high-precision assembly of a multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical system, can effectively eliminate the heat effect of the X-ray optical system when the temperature changes, and improves the reliability of the X-ray optical system. And the application requirements under the condition of space temperature change are met. According to the invention, a high-precision optical mold is adopted as a reference, and a high-precision optical welding method is adopted, so that coaxial and confocal high-precision assembly of the multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical system can be realized, and the assembly efficiency and the assembly precision of the system can be effectively improved; and meanwhile, through effective matching of thermal expansion coefficients of the optical material and the supporting material, the thermal effect of the X-ray optical system during temperature change can be effectively eliminated, so that the X-ray optical system meets the application requirements under the condition of space temperature change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of space X-ray optics, and in particular to a method for realizing coaxial confocal athermalization of an X-ray optical system. Background Art

[0002] X-ray optical systems can be widely used in the fields of X-ray pulsar navigation, space X-ray detection, and space material analysis. In the above applications, the X-ray optical system is located at the front end of the entire detection system, responsible for collecting weak X-ray signals in space to the X-ray sensor at the back end, and can achieve the purpose of detecting X-ray signals in space through signal processing. Therefore, the quality of the X-ray optical system will directly affect the final X-ray signal detection and application.

[0003] At present, there are three main methods for realizing X-ray optical systems: metal epoxy replication, electroplated nickel replication, and ultra-thin glass replication. Compared with the first two methods, ultra-thin glass replication has the advantages of light weight, high surface accuracy, and low surface roughness. By coating an X-ray high-reflection film on ultra-thin glass and nesting multiple layers of reflective surfaces, effective detection of weak X-ray photon signals can be achieved. Therefore, ultra-thin glass replication is the main method for realizing high-precision X-ray optical systems. However, this method currently also has certain problems. It is mainly limited by traditional implementation methods, resulting in the difficulty of realizing high-efficiency, high-precision coaxial confocal assembly problems in multi-layer nested X-ray optical systems based on ultra-thin glass replication. At the same time, due to the mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients of the glass material and the supporting material, it has certain thermal stress in an environment with drastic temperature changes in space, which makes it difficult to meet the detection application requirements under space temperature changes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for realizing coaxial confocal athermalization of an X-ray optical system, which can achieve high-precision coaxial confocal assembly of multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical systems, and can effectively eliminate the thermal effect of the X-ray optical system when the temperature changes, so that it can meet the application requirements under spatial temperature changes.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for realizing coaxial confocal athermalization of an X-ray optical system is implemented by using an optical mold, a laser welding device, an optical welding bar, an X-ray optical lens, and an optical support turntable, and includes the following steps:

[0007] Coating the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens;

[0008] After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is covered on the surface of the optical mold, and the parameters of the optical mold are consistent with the parameters of the internal reflection surface of the first layer of lens; the optical welding strip is fixed above the lens connection, and the optical welding strip and the X-ray optical lens have the same thermal characteristics; the first layer of X-ray optical lens and the welding strip lens are fixed;

[0009] Adjust the position of the laser welding device so that it is located directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, and at the same time, the focus of its laser spot is located between the first layer of lenses and the optical mold, so that the laser moves along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical mold; rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer with the optical mold;

[0010] Taking the first layer of X-ray optical lens as the reference, the optical welding of subsequent multiple layers of X-ray optical lenses is completed in sequence thereon; after all welding work is completed, fixed optical flanges are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the lens to complete the overall installation of the optical system, and the optical flanges at the front and rear ends have the same thermal effect as the optical lens.

[0011] During coating, the first layer of lenses is not coated, and the inner surfaces of the remaining layers of lenses are coated with X-ray high-reflection films.

[0012] The thickness of each layer of optical welding strips is equal to the design value of the distance between the X-ray optical lens layer and the next X-ray optical lens layer.

[0013] Among them, the first layer and the welding strip lens are fixed with optical tape to achieve optical bonding between the lens and the optical mold.

[0014] Among them, by adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focus is located at the contact surface of the first layer of lenses and the optical welding strip, the laser welding device is moved along the optical axis to move the laser spot along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip, and then the optical support turntable is rotated to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer and the optical welding strip, and finally the optical fixing tape is removed to complete the welding between the optical mold, the first layer of X-ray optical lenses and the optical welding strip.

[0015] The spoke width of the optical flange is the same as the width of the optical welding rod, the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, and the optical flange and the optical welding rod have the same thermal characteristics.

[0016] The optical flange and the optical welding strip are fixed by the same welding method as when all the lenses of the first layer are welded to the optical mold.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The method of the present invention adopts a high-precision optical mold as a reference and a high-precision optical welding method, which can realize the high-precision assembly of coaxial and confocal multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical systems, and can effectively improve the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy of the system; at the same time, through the effective matching of the thermal expansion coefficients of optical materials and supporting materials, the thermal effect of the X-ray optical system during temperature changes can be effectively eliminated, so that it can meet the application requirements under space temperature changes, and provide technical support for the realization of high-precision X-ray optical systems and space applications.

[0019] 2. The method of the present invention adopts a high-precision optical mold as a reference. First, the ultra-thin glass is precisely fitted to the mold by physical fixation. Then, a high-precision optical welding method is adopted to realize high-precision coaxial confocal assembly of a multi-layer nested X-ray focusing optical system, which can effectively improve the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy of the system.

[0020] 3. In the method of the present invention, the optical welding strip and the X-ray optical lens are made of the same material, or have the same thermal properties, to ensure that the system is athermal when the temperature changes; finally, the first layer and the welding strip lens are fixed with optical tape (3M tape) to achieve a tight optical fit between the lens and the high-precision optical mold.

[0021] 4. In the method of the present invention, when welding a multi-layer X-ray optical system, the first layer of X-ray optical lenses is used as a reference, and the process is carried out in the order of the second layer of X-ray optical lenses, the second layer of optical welding strips, and the third layer of X-ray optical lenses. The optical welding strips should maintain strict optical bonding with the two adjacent layers of X-ray lenses, so the welding surface measurement parameters of the optical welding strips should be strictly designed based on the two layers of X-ray optical lenses they contact. In this case, it can be ensured that the X-ray optical systems between different layers are strictly based on the optical mold, and the coaxial confocal assembly of the multi-layer X-ray optical system is realized.

[0022] 5. In the method of the present invention, the spoke width of the optical flange is the same as the width of the optical welding rod, and the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, which can reduce the loss of the effective optical detection area of ​​the system caused by the spoke width. The optical flange should be made of the same material as the optical welding rod or have the same thermal properties. The optical flange and the optical welding rod are fixed by the laser welding method described in the method of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coaxial confocal athermalization method of the X-ray focusing optical system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of welding of multi-layer X-ray optical lenses in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the optical flange and the optical system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for realizing coaxial confocal athermalization of an X-ray optical system, which is realized by using a high-precision optical mold 1, a high-efficiency laser welding device 2, an optical welding strip 3, an X-ray optical lens 4, and an optical support turntable 5 (which can realize 360° rotation). The principle of the coaxial confocal athermalization method for an X-ray focusing optical system of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0028] Step 1, firstly, coat the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens made by the ultra-thin glass replication method, wherein the first layer of the lens is not coated, and the inner surfaces of the remaining layers of the lens are coated with an X-ray high-reflection film; the X-ray optical lens can be a 120° lens or a 90° lens, and the glass thickness and length of different layers of the X-ray optical lens are the same. When coating the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens, it is necessary to leave an area of ​​1-2mm width on the inner surface as a fixing area for the welding strip according to the width of the optical welding strip.

[0029] After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is covered on the surface of the high-precision optical mold. The parameters of the selected high-precision optical mold should be consistent with the parameters of the internal reflection surface of the first layer of lens; the optical welding strip is fixed above the lens connection, and the thickness of each layer of optical welding strip should be equal to the design value of the distance between the layer of X-ray optical lens and the next layer of X-ray optical lens; the optical welding strip should be the same material as the X-ray optical lens, or have the same thermal properties to ensure that the system is athermal when the temperature changes. Finally, the first layer and the welding strip lens are fixed with optical tape (3M tape) to achieve a tight optical fit between the lens and the high-precision optical mold.

[0030] Step 2, use a high-efficiency laser welding device to complete the optical welding work. First, adjust the position of the laser welding device so that it is located directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, and at the same time, the focus of its laser spot is located between the first layer of lenses and the high-precision optical mold, so that the laser moves along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the high-precision optical mold; rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer with the high-precision optical mold. Specifically, by adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focus is located at the position of the contact surface between the first layer of lenses and the optical welding strip, move the laser welding device along the optical axis, move the laser spot along the optical axis, complete the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip, and then rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer with the optical welding strip, and finally remove the optical fixing tape to complete the welding between the high-precision optical mold, the first layer of X-ray optical lenses and the optical welding strip.

[0031] Step 3, taking the first layer of X-ray optical lens as the reference, complete the optical welding of subsequent multiple layers of X-ray optical lenses in sequence thereon; after all welding work is completed, install and fix optical flanges at the front and rear ends of the lens respectively to complete the overall installation of the optical system, and the optical flanges at the front and rear ends are made of the same material as the optical lens or have the same thermal effect.

[0032] By using high-precision optical molds as the reference and high-precision optical bonding and optical welding methods, the coaxial confocal installation of multi-layer X-ray optical lenses can be guaranteed. At the same time, because the high-precision optical molds, X-ray optical lenses, optical welding strips and optical flanges are made of the same material or have the same thermal effect, the thermal effect of the X-ray optical system during temperature changes can be effectively eliminated, realizing the athermal design of the system.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of welding of multi-layer X-ray optical lenses, wherein X-ray optical lenses 4 are X-ray optical lenses of different layers, and optical welding strips 3 are optical welding strips between different layers. When welding a multi-layer X-ray optical system, the first layer of X-ray optical lenses is used as a reference, and the welding is carried out in the order of the second layer of X-ray optical lenses, the second layer of optical welding strips, and the third layer of X-ray optical lenses. The optical welding strips should maintain strict optical fit with the two adjacent layers of X-ray lenses, so the welding surface measurement parameters of the optical welding strips should be strictly designed based on the two layers of X-ray optical lenses they contact. In this case, it can be ensured that the X-ray optical system between different layers is strictly based on the optical mold, and the coaxial confocal assembly of the multi-layer X-ray optical system is realized.

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the X-ray optical system in the method of the present invention. In the X-ray optical system, the optical flange plays a supporting and protective role. The width of the spokes 11 of the optical flange should be the same as the width of the optical welding rod. The spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, which can reduce the loss of the effective optical detection area of ​​the system caused by the spoke width. The optical flange should be made of the same material as the optical welding rod or have the same thermal properties. The optical flange and the optical welding rod are fixed by the laser welding method described in step 2 of the present invention.

[0035] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving athermalization of a coaxial confocal X-ray optical system, characterized in that: The method is realized by using an optical mold, a laser welding device, an optical welding bar, an X-ray optical lens and an optical support turntable, and includes the following steps: Coating the inner surface of the X-ray optical lens; After coating, the first layer of X-ray optical lens is covered on the surface of the optical mold, and the parameters of the optical mold are consistent with the parameters of the internal reflection surface of the first layer of lens; the optical welding strip is fixed above the lens connection, and the optical welding strip and the X-ray optical lens have the same thermal characteristics; the first layer of X-ray optical lens and the welding strip lens are fixed; Adjust the position of the laser welding device so that it is located directly above the X-ray optical lens to be welded, and at the same time, the focus of its laser spot is located between the first layer of lenses and the optical mold, so that the laser moves along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical mold; rotate the optical support turntable to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer with the optical mold; Taking the first layer of X-ray optical lens as the reference, the optical welding of subsequent multiple layers of X-ray optical lenses is completed in sequence thereon; after all welding work is completed, fixed optical flanges are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the lens to complete the overall installation of the optical system, and the optical flanges at the front and rear ends have the same thermal effect as the optical lens.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that During coating, the first layer of lenses is not coated, and the inner surfaces of the remaining layers of lenses are coated with X-ray high-reflective film.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ,The thickness of each layer of optical welding strip is equal to the design value of the distance between the X-ray optical lens layer and the next layer of X-ray optical lens.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ,Fix the first layer and the welding strip lens with optical tape to achieve optical bonding between the lens and the optical mold.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that By adjusting the position of the laser spot so that its focus is located at the contact surface of the first layer of lenses and the optical welding strip, the laser welding device is moved along the optical axis to move the laser spot along the optical axis to complete the welding of the lens and the optical welding strip. Then, the optical support turntable is rotated to complete the welding of all the lenses of the first layer with the optical welding strip. Finally, the optical fixing tape is removed to complete the welding between the optical mold, the first layer of X-ray optical lenses and the optical welding strip.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The spoke width of the optical flange is the same as the width of the optical welding rod, the spokes of the optical flange are located directly above the optical welding rod, and the optical flange and the optical welding rod have the same thermal characteristics.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The optical flange and the optical welding strip are fixed by the same welding method as when all the lenses of the first layer are welded to the optical mold.

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