Environmental energy in-situ multi-source capture energy supply device for deep and far sea detection

Abstract

An environmental energy in-situ multi-source capture energy supply device for deep and far sea detection comprises a sea surface water vapor and sunlight coupling power generation assembly and a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation assembly. The sea surface water vapor and sunlight coupling power generation assembly is composed of an array through hole transparent electrode, a sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film and a transparent electrode. The sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation assembly is composed of a high-heat-conduction array through hole electrode, a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation film and a low-heat-conduction electrode. By means of the multi-source environment energy coupling in-situ capture power generation film and the multi-layer assembly structure design, the energy supply device for obtaining and converting various kinds of environment energy in situ is established, the requirement of deep and far sea detection for an energy supply system is met, and improvement of a distributed ocean energy system is supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a marine distributed energy supply device. Background Art

[0002] Distributed maritime operations are a new type of combat concept with advantages such as low cost, high flexibility and strong confrontation. By dispersing combat forces over a wide range of space and multiple combat fields, it forms a local military confrontation advantage over the enemy, which has important significance and role in modern warfare.

[0003] Unmanned, information-based, systematized and intelligentized are currently recognized as the basic forms of future warfare. As an important part of the entire marine distributed combat system, offshore detection devices are gradually shifting towards "agility". Large energy supply devices have high manufacturing and maintenance costs, strict requirements on geographical location, seawater conditions, topography and landforms, and limited effective range, which are suitable for centralized energy supply; while small energy supply devices have relatively low manufacturing costs, fast and convenient laying and maintenance, and are suitable for distributed wide sea area energy supply.

[0004] The existing small-scale devices used for sea surface detection are mainly composed of floating bodies, power generation components, energy storage components, energy management components and mooring components. Most of the power generation components use solar cells, which are subject to great restrictions on environmental conditions and geographical locations, and do not fully utilize the rich variety of environmental energy in the marine environment. The theoretical reserves of sea surface water vapor are as high as 10 6 kilowatt-hours / year. The power generation components that use a single type of environmental energy are not suitable for harsh conditions such as low light intensity and high humidity in the deep sea. In addition, the supporting equipment is heavy, costly, and difficult to maintain, which is not conducive to providing energy for long-term exploration missions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for environmental energy for deep-sea exploration, so as to solve the problem that the existing small-scale power supply devices are highly dependent on environmental conditions and are not suitable for deep-sea exploration.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an environmental energy in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration, including a sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component, and a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component, wherein the sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor and solar light in situ for coordinated power generation; the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor in situ and combine the temperature difference for coordinated power generation.

[0007] Furthermore, the sea surface water vapor and sunlight coupling power generation component includes an array through-hole transparent electrode, a sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film, and a closed electrode arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the array through-hole transparent electrode is a transparent electrode composed of a cylindrical through-hole array, which is used to pass water vapor and sunlight, and serves as one pole for power generation; the closed electrode is located at the bottom to prevent water vapor from passing through, and cooperates with the array through-hole transparent electrode to form a water vapor adsorption gradient, and serves as another pole for power generation; the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film uses the received water vapor and sunlight to form positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeletons after the dissociation of oxygen-containing functional groups to construct a potential difference.

[0008] Preferably, the array through-hole transparent electrode adopts indium tin oxide transparent electrode, the through-hole diameter is 1.3 mm, and the through-hole spacing in the array is 0.6 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation membrane includes a polyelectrolyte and a light-absorbing material in a mass ratio of (1000-200):1, and the light-absorbing material is distributed in the polyelectrolyte matrix in clusters, wherein the polyelectrolyte is one of polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose or a combination thereof; the light-absorbing material is one of Bengal rose red, zinc protoporphyrin, and tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio is 500:1.

[0011] Preferably, the closed electrode material is gold, stainless steel or graphite.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the indium tin oxide transparent electrode is processed by laser to have an interface periodic micro-nano structure with a sinusoidal periodic arrangement, and the interface periodic micro-nano structure is a micro-groove array with a width of 0.5-1 μm and a height of 0.1-0.2 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupled power generation component includes a high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode, a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane, and a low thermal conductivity electrode arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode is an electrode with a cylindrical through-hole array, which is used to pass water vapor and form a relatively high temperature part, and also serves as one pole for power generation; the low thermal conductivity electrode is located at the bottom to prevent water vapor from passing through, and cooperates with the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode to form a water vapor adsorption gradient, and also serves as another pole for power generation; the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane utilizes the received water vapor and temperature difference to construct an electric potential difference through the positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeletons formed after the dissociation of oxygen-containing functional groups.

[0014] Preferably, the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrodes are graphite electrodes, the through-hole diameter is 1.3 mm, and the hole spacing in the array is 0.6 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in situ capture power generation membrane includes a polyelectrolyte and a temperature difference responsive polymer in a mass ratio of (75-95): (5-15), the polyelectrolyte is one of polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose, and the temperature difference responsive polymer is one of polypyrrole and cellulose or a combination thereof.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio is 85:15.

[0017] Preferably, the low thermal conductivity electrode is a carbon-silicon composite conductive electrode.

[0018] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are as follows: the device of the present invention couples the in-situ capture power generation membrane and component structure design through multi-source environmental energy, establishes an energy supply mode of in-situ capture and conversion of various environmental energies, and simultaneously makes full use of various in-situ energy sources such as water vapor, light, temperature difference, etc. in the sea surface environment, and develops a smart, long-life, flexible power generation and energy supply device suitable for wide sea areas. It is suitable for harsh conditions such as low light intensity and high humidity in the deep sea, and has the potential to provide timely in-situ continuous and stable power supply for surface floating devices, underwater resident devices, hydroacoustic modulation and demodulation devices, etc. in emergency situations. At the same time, it is also suitable for complex, unmanned, and highly refined scenarios far away from the control center where it is inconvenient to carry supporting components, meeting the needs of deep-sea exploration for energy supply systems and supporting the improvement of distributed marine energy systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 , Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Among them: 1-array through-hole transparent electrode, 2-sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film, 3-closed electrode, 4-interface periodic micro-nano structure.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Among them: 5-high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode, 6-sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane, 7-low thermal conductivity electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The environmental energy in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration provided by the present invention mainly includes a sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component, and a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component.

[0024] The sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor and solar light in situ for synergistic power generation. The sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor in situ and combine it with temperature difference for synergistic power generation.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a side view of the power generation component of sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling. Figure 2 It is a top view of a sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component, including an array through-hole transparent electrode 1, a sea surface water vapor and solar light in-situ capture power generation film 2, a closed electrode 3, and an interface periodic micro-nano structure 4. The array through-hole transparent electrode 1, the sea surface water vapor and solar light in-situ capture power generation film 2 and the closed electrode 3 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0026] The array through-hole transparent electrode 1 adopts indium tin oxide transparent electrode. The through holes in the array are arranged periodically, with a hole diameter of 1.3 mm and a hole spacing of 0.6 mm. It is used for water vapor to pass through and contact with the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2. At the same time, the transparent electrode can allow sunlight to pass through and contact with the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2.

[0027] The sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation membrane 2 is used to collect sea surface water vapor and sunlight to achieve charge separation, including polyelectrolytes and light-absorbing materials. The polyelectrolytes include polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (single selection or mixed); the light-absorbing material includes one of Bengal rose red, zinc protoporphyrin, and tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (single selection). The mass ratio of the polyelectrolyte to the light-absorbing material is (1000-200):1, and the light-absorbing material is uniformly distributed in the polyelectrolyte matrix in clusters with a diameter of 2.8μm-3μm, and the thickness is 0.3-1mm. The mass ratio is 500:1, the thickness is 0.56mm, and the power generation performance is optimal.

[0028] The bottom of the indium tin oxide transparent electrode is laser processed to periodically arrange the interface periodic micro-nano structure 4 in a sinusoidal shape, specifically a microgroove array with a width of 0.5 to 1 μm and a height of 0.1 to 0.2 μm. The array through holes of the electrode and the micro-nano structure are of different orders of magnitude and do not affect each other. The array through hole transparent electrode 1 is superimposed on the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in situ capture power generation film 2, and the micro-nano structure at the bottom of the array through hole transparent electrode 1 is in close contact with the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in situ capture power generation film 2. Under the condition of 100% relative humidity, without the need for complex ion beam milling or electron beam lithography, the micro-nano structure at the bottom of the indium tin oxide transparent electrode can be used as a self-induced imprint template to spontaneously form an interface with a microstructure in situ. The interface periodic micro-nano structure 4 bites each other at the interface, effectively increasing the active area and improving the adsorption process of gaseous water molecules. The ordered channel promotes the migration of condensed water molecules due to capillary force. The periodic structure also adjusts the propagation path of photons to enhance the light absorption capacity.

[0029] The closed electrode 3 is an electrode that plays a sealing role, including one of gold, stainless steel, and graphite (single choice), used to prevent water vapor from passing through, and cooperates with the array through-hole transparent electrode 1 to form a water vapor adsorption gradient. The sea surface water vapor dissociates with the oxygen-containing functional groups in the solar light in-situ capture power generation film 2 to form a hydrogen ion concentration, which drives the directional migration of hydrogen ions, and the negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeleton is fixed and cannot move, thereby realizing the separation of positive and negative charges, and forming a potential difference between the array through-hole transparent electrode 1 and the closed electrode 3.

[0030] Due to the viscosity of the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2 itself, it can be well connected with the closed electrode 3 without bonding.

[0031] Water molecules and sunlight in the air near the sea surface can pass through the array through-hole transparent electrode 1 and interact with the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2. Because the array through-hole transparent electrode 1 allows water vapor to pass through and the bottom closed electrode 3 is closed, the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2 forms a difference in the degree of water molecule adsorption. Taking the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2 as polystyrene sulfonic acid as an example, the sulfonic acid group dissociates to form a hydrogen ion concentration difference, which promotes the directional migration of ions, and the migration speed of positive and negative charges is different, realizing the construction of potential difference. The sea surface water vapor and the sunlight in-situ capture power generation film 2 absorb light at the same time, and after capturing photons, a large number of non-equilibrium carriers are excited. The electric field induced by water vapor will promote the transmission of photogenerated carriers, so that the insufficient negative charge is supplemented. At the same time, with the penetration of water molecules, the diffusion and redistribution of hydrogen ions affect the energy barrier of photogenerated carrier recombination, effectively promoting their separation, thereby enriching the carriers involved in power generation. The array through-hole transparent electrode 1 is the negative electrode, and the closed electrode 3 is the positive electrode, realizing the coupling power generation behavior of sea surface water vapor and sunlight.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupled power generation component includes a high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5, a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation film 6, and a low thermal conductivity electrode 7. The high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5, the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation film 6 and the low thermal conductivity electrode 7 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0033] The high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5 uses a high thermal conductivity graphite electrode with a thermal conductivity of 129mW / m / K, which increases the top temperature, facilitates the creation of a temperature difference, and improves the power generation performance. The through holes in the array are arranged periodically, with a hole diameter of 1.3mm and a hole spacing of 0.6mm, for water vapor to pass through and contact the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane 6.

[0034] The sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in situ capture power generation membrane 6 is used to collect sea surface water vapor and temperature difference to achieve charge separation, including polyelectrolyte and temperature difference responsive polymer, the polyelectrolyte includes one of polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (single choice); the temperature difference responsive polymer includes polypyrrole and cellulose (single choice or mixed), the mass ratio is (75-95): (5-15), the thickness is 0.4~1.2mm, the mass ratio is 85:15, and the power generation performance is optimal when the thickness is 0.56mm.

[0035] The low thermal conductivity electrode 7 is a low thermal conductivity carbon-silicon composite conductive electrode with a thermal conductivity of 19.8mW / m / K, which is used to prevent water vapor from passing through. In cooperation with the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5, a water vapor adsorption gradient is formed. The sea surface water vapor and the oxygen-containing functional groups in the temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane 6 dissociate to form a hydrogen ion concentration, driving the directional migration of hydrogen ions. The negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeleton is fixed and cannot move, thereby achieving positive and negative charge separation and forming a potential difference between the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5 and the low thermal conductivity electrode 7. The low thermal conductivity electrode 7 reduces the bottom temperature, facilitates the creation of a temperature difference, and improves the power generation performance.

[0036] The high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5 has a higher temperature and gaseous water molecules in the air near the sea surface can pass through it, interacting with the sea surface water vapor and the temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane 6, while the low thermal conductivity electrode 7 is closed and has a lower temperature. The sea surface water vapor and the temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane 6 simultaneously form a difference in the degree of adsorption of water molecules (gradient) and a temperature difference (gradient). The carriers in the high temperature part tend to migrate to the low temperature part. The directions of the driving forces for the migration of carriers by water vapor and temperature difference are consistent, and they jointly promote the directional migration of positively charged ions. The migration speeds of positive and negative charges are different, forming an electric potential difference. The high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode 5 serves as the negative electrode, and the low thermal conductivity electrode 7 serves as the positive electrode to realize the coupled power generation behavior of sea surface water vapor and temperature difference, and output usable electrical energy.

[0037] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for environmental energy for deep-sea exploration, characterized by: It includes a sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component, and a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component. The sea surface water vapor and solar light coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor and solar light in situ for coordinated power generation; the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupling power generation component is used to collect sea surface water vapor in situ and combine it with temperature difference for coordinated power generation.

2. According to claim 1, an in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy, characterized in that: The sea surface water vapor and sunlight coupling power generation component comprises an array through-hole transparent electrode (1), a sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film (2), and a closed electrode (3) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the array through-hole transparent electrode (1) is a transparent electrode with a cylindrical through-hole array, which is used to pass water vapor and sunlight, and serves as one pole for power generation; the closed electrode (3) is located at the bottom to prevent water vapor from passing through, and cooperates with the array through-hole transparent electrode (1) to form a water vapor adsorption gradient, and serves as another pole for power generation; the sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation film (2) uses the received water vapor and sunlight to form positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeletons after the dissociation of oxygen-containing functional groups to construct a potential difference.

3. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 2 is characterized by: The array through-hole transparent electrode (1) adopts an indium tin oxide transparent electrode, the through-hole diameter is 1.3 mm, and the through-hole spacing in the array is 0.6 mm.

4. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 2 is characterized by: The sea surface water vapor and sunlight in-situ capture power generation membrane (2) comprises a polyelectrolyte and a light absorbing material, with a mass ratio of (1000-200):1, and the light absorbing material is distributed in the polyelectrolyte matrix in clusters, wherein the polyelectrolyte is one of polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose or a combination thereof; and the light absorbing material is one of Bengal rose red, zinc protoporphyrin, and tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid.

5. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 4 is characterized by: The mass ratio is 500:

1.

6. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 2 is characterized by: The closed electrode (3) is made of gold, stainless steel or graphite.

7. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 3 is characterized by: The bottom of the indium tin oxide transparent electrode is processed by laser to have an interface periodic micro-nano structure (4) with a sinusoidal periodic arrangement. The interface periodic micro-nano structure (4) is a micro-groove array with a width of 0.5-1 μm and a height of 0.1-0.2 μm.

8. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sea surface water vapor and temperature difference coupled power generation component comprises a high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode (5), a sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane (6), and a low thermal conductivity electrode (7) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode (5) is an electrode with a cylindrical through-hole array, which is used to pass water vapor and form a relatively high temperature part, and at the same time serves as one pole for power generation; the low thermal conductivity electrode (7) is located at the bottom to prevent water vapor from passing through, and cooperates with the high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode (5) to form a water vapor adsorption gradient, and at the same time serves as another pole for power generation; the sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane (6) uses the received water vapor and temperature difference to form positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged oxygen-containing functional group skeletons after the dissociation of oxygen-containing functional groups to construct a potential difference.

9. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high thermal conductivity array through-hole electrode (5) adopts a graphite electrode, the through-hole diameter is 1.3 mm, and the hole spacing in the array is 0.6 mm.

10. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sea surface water vapor and temperature difference in-situ capture power generation membrane (6) comprises a polyelectrolyte and a temperature difference responsive polymer in a mass ratio of (75-95):(5-15), the polyelectrolyte is one of polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl cellulose, and the temperature difference responsive polymer is one of polypyrrole and cellulose or a combination thereof.

11. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 10, characterized in that: The mass ratio is 85:

15.

12. The in-situ multi-source capture and power supply device for deep-sea exploration of environmental energy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity electrode (7) is a carbon-silicon composite conductive electrode.

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