Method and device for wireless communication and medium

Abstract

Methods, apparatuses, and media for wireless communication are described. A method for wireless communication at a wireless device includes transmitting signaling to a base station, the signaling including an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communication with the base station, the transmitting is based, at least in part, on that the physical configuration of the wireless device fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook of the wireless device; and receiving the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of an invention patent application with an application date of November 12, 2019, application number 201980082359.9, and invention name “Beamforming Codebook Adaptation for Flexible Wireless Devices”.

[0002] Cross-references

[0003] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 680,161, filed by RAGHAVAN et al. on November 11, 2019, entitled “BEAMFORMING CODEBOOK ADAPTATION FOR FLEXIBLE WIRELESS DEVICES,” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 780,127, filed by RAGHAVAN et al. on December 14, 2018, entitled “BEAMFORMING CODEBOOK ADAPTATION FOR FLEXIBLE WIRELESS DEVICES,” which are assigned to the present assignee. Technical Field

[0004] The following relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to beamforming for flexible wireless devices.

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems are capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include multiple base stations or network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may be referred to as user equipment (UE). Summary of the invention

[0006] A method of wireless communication at a wireless device (e.g., UE) is described. The method may include identifying a physical configuration of the wireless device, accessing a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device, determining that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, sending signaling to a base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, and receiving the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device (e.g., UE) is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory may be configured to cause the apparatus to identify a physical configuration of the wireless device, access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device, determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, send signaling including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communication with the base station to a base station, the sending being based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, and receive the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communications at a wireless device (e.g., UE) is described. The apparatus may include components for identifying a physical configuration of the wireless device, accessing a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device, determining that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, sending signaling to a base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, and receiving the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device (e.g., UE) is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: identify a physical configuration of the wireless device, access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device, determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, send signaling to a base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communication with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device, and receive the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the received channel information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook can be used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a request for channel information for subsequent communications with a base station includes a request for a set of contiguous channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources for emulating beamforming codebook determination.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a set of consecutive CSI-RS resources from a base station, and determining an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the set of consecutive CSI-RS resources, wherein the analog beamforming codebook can be used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: using multiple sets of simulated sampled beams on a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources to determine a simulated beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the identified physical configuration includes an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the identified physical configuration includes an indication of one or more antenna shapes, antenna subarrays, antenna sizes, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the identified physical configuration includes a quantized indication having a finite size.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the identified physical configuration includes information for a set of applications at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending sensor information about the identified physical configuration to a central processing unit (CPU) within the wireless device, and generating an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration at the CPU based on the sensor information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook can be used for subsequent communications with a base station when in the identified physical configuration.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication of the generated analog beamforming codebook to a modem in a wireless device and a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) associated with the modem.

[0020] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending a beam refinement process request to a base station based on a simulated beamforming codebook generated for the identified physical configuration, wherein the beam refinement process request includes a request for channel information.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the sensor information includes information from a potentiometer, a gyroscope, or a combination thereof.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for deactivating one or more antennas based on the identified physical configuration.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the identified physical configuration includes a set of antenna elements that form an antenna array pattern corresponding to the identified physical configuration.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a preloaded analog beamforming codebook may be associated with beamforming communications with a base station over a limited number of radio frequency chains, where the number of radio frequency chains may be less than the number of antenna elements of a wireless device.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a preloaded analog beamforming codebook may be stored in an RFIC memory.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the identified physical configurations include foldable states of the wireless device corresponding to different possible folds of the flexible display unit.

[0027] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include receiving signaling from a wireless device (e.g., UE) including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device, receiving a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the identified physical configuration, and sending the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0028] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory may be configured to cause the apparatus to receive signaling including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device from a wireless device (e.g., a UE), receive a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the identified physical configuration, and send the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0029] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include components for receiving signaling from a wireless device (e.g., a UE) including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device, receiving a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the identified physical configuration, and sending the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0030] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive signaling from a wireless device (e.g., UE) including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device, receive a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the identified physical configuration, and send the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, sending channel information may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending a set of consecutive CSI-RS resources to a wireless device, where the CSI-RS resources can be determined based on an indication of a physical configuration.

[0032] Some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources to a wireless device on a beam specific to a physical configuration.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the physical configuration includes an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the physical configuration includes an indication of an antenna shape, an antenna subarray, an antenna size, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the physical configuration includes a quantized indication having a finite size.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the physical configuration includes information for a set of applications at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the physical configuration includes a set of antenna elements that form an antenna array pattern corresponding to the identified physical configuration.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, channel information may be associated with beamforming communications with a wireless device.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the physical configuration includes foldable states of the wireless device corresponding to different possible folds of the flexible display unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 An example of a system for wireless communication supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 and Figure 3An example of a wireless communication system supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0042] Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Examples of different flexible wireless devices supporting beamforming codebook adaptation according to aspects of the present disclosure are shown.

[0043] Figure 7 An example of a process flow supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0044] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A block diagram of a device supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0045] Fig.10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0046] Fig.11 A diagram of a system including a device supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0047] Fig.12 and Fig.13 A block diagram of a device supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0048] Fig.14 A block diagram of a base station communication manager supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0049] Fig.15 A diagram of a system including a device supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0050] Figures 16 to 20 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] A wireless device such as a UE may include multiple antenna modules, each antenna module having multiple antenna arrays for supporting communications between the UE and other wireless devices (e.g., base stations). The multiple antenna arrays may each include a set of antenna elements, each antenna element may be configured individually or jointly to send or receive wireless signals. The multiple antenna arrays may be located or positioned at or along different portions of the UE and may allow the UE to flexibly perform beamforming communications.

[0052] When performing communication, multiple antenna arrays may be configured individually or jointly as antenna sets or groups, and the size of each antenna set or group (including the number of antenna arrays in the antenna set or group) may vary based on the physical configuration of the UE. Recently, UEs with foldable or flexible displays have become increasingly popular. For example, a UE may include a flexible (e.g., foldable) display with different physical configurations (e.g., multiple independent foldable display units, flexible displays, bendable displays, rollable displays, other unique form factors, etc.), and communication parameters for sending and receiving signals via multiple antenna arrays (or a portion of multiple antenna arrays) may depend on the physical configuration of the flexible display. In some aspects, beamforming communication between a UE and a base station may be configured and performed using the state of the physical configuration of the flexible display (e.g., a closed state, a partially open state, a fully open state, etc.) or the arrangement of multiple antenna arrays relative to each other.

[0053] Although form factor and cost considerations result in most UEs having non-foldable displays, UEs with foldable displays are gaining increasing appeal as design complexity decreases. UEs with foldable displays may present new challenges in wireless communications. For example, depending on the configuration of the UE's foldable display, conventional techniques may not be suitable or may need to be enhanced to improve beamforming communications between the UE and other wireless devices (e.g., base stations). For existing systems and UEs, antenna arrays (e.g., shape and size) may be known and fixed (e.g., linear arrays, planar arrays, etc.). Therefore, analog beamforming codebooks may be pre-generated and stored in a local memory (e.g., RFIC memory) of the UE. These analog beamforming codebooks may be used to implement beamforming communications between the UE and other wireless devices (e.g., other UEs, base stations, etc.). For example, the analog beamforming codebook may enable the UE to determine characteristics about the beam (e.g., beam width, size, direction, gain in a particular direction, etc.) before sending information and messages on the beam.

[0054] Currently, link budgets for flexible UEs (e.g., the amount of received power based on the transmitted power, and taking into account any gains and losses during transmission) can be met through different beamforming techniques. For example, multi-antenna analog beamforming using a directional codebook for the beam can be used to increase the antenna array gain for the link budget. Such a codebook can be designed according to different design criteria for the flexible UE before communication (e.g., a priori) and stored in the flexible UE (e.g., in local memory). However, all codebooks corresponding to different foldable states may not be pre-computed (e.g., because the codebook depends on a specific device usage or a form factor that may change over time). In addition, the flexible UE may have limited local memory storage, so that not all analog beamforming codebooks corresponding to all possible different foldable states of the flexible UE can be stored for use at any time.

[0055] As described herein, a flexible UE may perform codebook adaptation for itself based on an identified foldable state. For example, if the flexible UE determines that a current or upcoming foldable state does not correspond to a codebook that was determined before the foldable state and is not stored in a local memory (e.g., preloaded), the flexible UE may provide information about the folding state and an indication that the codebook is currently uncertain or unavailable for the folding state to the base station. In addition, when providing the information to the base station, the flexible UE may also request the base station to provide channel information to assist in codebook determination. In some cases, the request may instruct the base station to allocate a specific number of consecutive CSI-RS symbols that the UE can use for codebook determination. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may generate a codebook internally and then signal a request for a beam refinement process to the base station using the generated codebook. The beam refinement process request may also instruct the base station to send a set of consecutive CSI-RS symbols to determine a beam for subsequent communications.

[0056] Aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Examples of additional wireless communication systems, flexible wireless devices, and process flows are then provided to illustrate aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described by reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts related to beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices.

[0057] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 includes a network device 105, a UE 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-A network, an LTE-A Pro network, or an NR network. In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communications, low-latency communications, or communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

[0058] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and at least one packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may manage non-access stratum (e.g., control plane) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by network devices 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transmitted through the S-GW, which itself may be connected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW may be connected to network operator IP services. Operator IP services may include access to the Internet, (multiple) intranets, IP multimedia subsystems (IMS), or packet switched (PS) streaming services.

[0059] At least some of the network devices 105 (e.g., network devices 105-a) may be examples of base stations (e.g., eNBs, network access devices, gNBs), or network devices 105-b (which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs)) may interface with the core network 130 via backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1, S2) and may perform radio configuration and scheduling for communicating with the UEs 115. In various examples, the network devices 105-b may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via backhaul links 134 (e.g., X1, X2), which may be wired or wireless communication links.

[0060] Each network device 105-b may also additionally or alternatively communicate with multiple UEs 115 through multiple other network devices 105-c, where network device 105-c may be an example of a smart radio head (or through multiple smart radio heads). In alternative configurations, the various functions of each network device 105 may be distributed across various network devices 105 (e.g., radio heads and access network controllers) or consolidated into a single network device 105 (e.g., a base station).

[0061] The network device 105 may communicate wirelessly with the UE 115 via one or more base station antennas. The network device 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a 5G or next generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a home NodeB, a home eNodeB, or some other suitable terminology. The wireless communication system 100 may include different types of network devices 105 (e.g., macro or small cell base stations). The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of network devices 105 and network devices including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, gNBs, relay base stations, etc.

[0062] Each network device 105 may be associated with a particular geographic coverage area 110 in which communications with various UEs 115 are supported. Each network device 105 may provide communications coverage for the respective geographic coverage area 110 via a communication link 125, and the communication link 125 between the network device 105 and the UE 115 may utilize one or more carriers. The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from the UE 115 to the network device 105, or a downlink transmission from the network device 105 to the UE 115. Downlink transmissions may also be referred to as forward link transmissions, and uplink transmissions may also be referred to as reverse link transmissions.

[0063] The geographic coverage area 110 of the network device 105 can be divided into sectors that constitute a portion of the geographic coverage area 110, and each sector can be associated with a cell. For example, each network device 105 can provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a small cell, a hotspot, or other type of cell, or various combinations thereof. In some examples, the network device 105 can be mobile, thereby providing communication coverage for a mobile geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, and overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by the same network device 105 or different network devices 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, heterogeneous LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A Pro or NR networks in which different types of network devices 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0064] The term "cell" refers to a logical communication entity used to communicate with network device 105 (e.g., via a carrier), and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)) used to distinguish adjacent cells operating via the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types that may provide access to different types of devices (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or others). In some cases, the term "cell" may refer to a portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which the logical entity operates.

[0065] UE 115 can be dispersed throughout the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile. UE 115 can also be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where "device" can also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client. UE 115 can be a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In addition, as described herein, UE 115 can be a flexible wireless device with a foldable display. For example, UE 115 can have multiple independent foldable display units, flexible displays, bendable displays, rollable displays, or other unique form factors. As used herein, the descriptors "foldable display", "flexible display", "bendable display", and "rollable display" can be used interchangeably, where each descriptor relates to UE 115, and UE 115 includes one or more antenna arrays that can be changed based on the adjustable physical configuration of UE 115. In some examples, UE 115 may also refer to a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or an MTC device, etc., which may be implemented in various articles of manufacture such as home appliances, vehicles, meters, etc. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 135 .

[0066] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automatic communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that allows devices to communicate with each other or with the network device 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay the information to a central server or application that may utilize the information or present the information to a person interacting with the program or application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or implement automated behavior of machines. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.

[0067] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ a reduced power consumption mode of operation, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power saving techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power saving "deep sleep" mode when not engaged in active communications, or operating over limited bandwidth (e.g., in accordance with narrowband communications). In some cases, UEs 115 may be designed to support critical functions (e.g., mission critical functions), and the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to provide ultra-reliable communications for these functions.

[0068] In some cases, the UE 115 may also communicate directly with other UEs 115 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device (D2D) protocol). One or more of the group of UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of the network device 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of the network device 105 or may not be able to receive transmissions from the network device 105. In some cases, the group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, the network device 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving the network device 105.

[0069] The network devices 105 may communicate with the core network 130 and with each other. For example, the network devices 105 may interface with the core network 130 via a backhaul link 132 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or other interface). The network devices 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the network devices 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via a backhaul link 134 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface).

[0070] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, IP connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and at least one packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may manage non-access stratum (e.g., control plane) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by network devices 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transmitted through the S-GW, which itself may be connected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW may be connected to network operator IP services. Operator IP services may include access to the Internet, (multiple) intranets, IP multimedia subsystems (IMS), or packet switched (PS) streaming services.

[0071] At least some network devices, such as network device 105, may include a subcomponent such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity may communicate with UE 115 through multiple other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission / reception points (which may be referred to as TRPs; however, in this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, it will be assumed that TRP stands for total radiated power). In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity or network device 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and access network controllers) or integrated into a single network device (e.g., network device 105).

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Typically, the region of 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features. However, these waves may penetrate structures sufficiently to allow a macro cell to serve UEs 115 indoors. Transmissions using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km) than transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum with frequencies less than 300 MHz.

[0073] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the Super High Frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as centimeter wave bands). The SHF region includes frequency bands such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, which may be used opportunistically by devices that can tolerate interference from other users.

[0074] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter wave band. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UE 115 and the network device 105, and the EHF antennas of each device may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some cases, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the UE 115. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to greater atmospheric attenuation and a shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0075] In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 can utilize licensed and unlicensed radio spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can adopt license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5GHz ISM band. When operating in an unlicensed radio spectrum band, wireless devices such as network devices 105 and UE 115 can adopt a listen-before-talk (LBT) process to ensure that the channel is clear before sending data. In some cases, operations in unlicensed bands can be based on CA configuration and combined with CCs operating in licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer transmissions, or a combination of these. Duplexing in unlicensed spectrum can be based on frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), or a combination of both.

[0076] In some examples, the network device 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ a transmission scheme between a transmitting device (e.g., the network device 105) and a receiving device (e.g., the UE 115), wherein the transmitting device is equipped with multiple antennas and the receiving device is equipped with one or more antennas.

[0077] MIMO communications may employ multipath signal propagation to improve spectral efficiency by sending or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers, which may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. For example, multiple signals may be sent by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams. Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technologies include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0078] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network device 105 or a UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam or a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array so that signals propagating in a particular direction relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference and other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals transmitted via antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying certain amplitude and phase offsets to signals transmitted via each antenna element associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each antenna element may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular direction (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other direction).

[0079] In one example, the network device 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays to perform beamforming operations for directional communications with the UE 115. For example, the network device 105 may transmit some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions, which may include signals transmitted according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. The transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by the network device 105 or a receiving device (such as the UE 115)) a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the network device 105.

[0080] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by network device 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device such as UE 115). In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based at least in part on signals transmitted in different beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by network device 105 in different directions, and UE 115 may report to network device 105 an indication of the signal it received with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality. Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network device 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or for transmitting signals in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).

[0081] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115, which may be an example of a millimeter wave receiving device) may try multiple receiving beams when receiving various signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from the network device 105. For example, the receiving device may try multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receiving beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receiving beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving beams or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device may receive along a single beam direction using a single receiving beam (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receiving beam may be aligned in a beam direction determined at least in part based on listening according to different receiving beam directions (e.g., a beam direction with the highest signal strength, the highest signal-to-noise ratio, or otherwise acceptable signal quality determined at least in part based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0082] In some cases, the antennas of the network device 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays that may support MIMO operations, or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located on an antenna assembly (e.g., an antenna tower). In some cases, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network device 105 may be located in different geographic locations. The network device 105 may have an antenna array with several rows and columns of antenna ports that the network device 105 may use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations.

[0083] In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or packet data aggregation protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly in some cases to communicate on a logical channel. The medium access control (MAC) layer may perform priority processing and multiplex logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also provide retransmission at the MAC layer using a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network device 105 or a core network 130 supporting a radio bearer for user plane data. At the physical layer, a transport channel may be mapped to a physical channel.

[0084] In some cases, UE 115 and network device 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the possibility of successfully receiving data. HARQ feedback is a technique to increase the possibility of correctly receiving data through communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve the throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some cases, a wireless device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received in a previous symbol in the time slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or according to some other time interval.

[0085] The time interval in LTE or NR can be expressed in multiples of the basic time unit, for example, the basic time unit can refer to a sampling period of Ts = 1 / 30720000 seconds. The time interval of the communication resource can be organized according to each radio frame having a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms), where the frame period can be expressed as Tf = 307200Ts. The radio frame can be identified by a system frame number (SFN) ranging from 0 to 1023. Each frame can include 10 subframes numbered 0 to 9, and each subframe can have a duration of 1ms. The subframe can be further divided into 2 time slots, each time slot has a duration of 0.5ms, and each time slot can contain 6 or 7 modulation symbol periods (for example, depending on the length of the cyclic prefix in front of each symbol period). In addition to the cyclic prefix, each symbol period can contain 2048 sampling periods. In some cases, the subframe can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In other cases, the minimum scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be shorter than a subframe, or may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTI (sTTI), or in a selected component carrier (CC) using sTTI).

[0086] In some wireless communication systems, a time slot may be further divided into multiple mini-slots containing one or more symbols. In some cases, a symbol of a mini-slot or a mini-slot may be the minimum unit of scheduling. For example, the duration of each symbol may vary depending on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band. In addition, some wireless communication systems may implement time slot aggregation, where multiple time slots or mini-slots are aggregated together and used for communication between UE 115 and network device 105.

[0087] The term "carrier" refers to a collection of radio frequency spectrum resources with a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication over the communication link 125. For example, a carrier of the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band that operates according to a physical layer channel of a given radio access technology. Each physical layer channel may carry user data, control information, or other signaling. A carrier may be associated with a predefined frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located by a channel grid to be discovered by a UE 115. A carrier may be a downlink or uplink (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode). In some examples, a signal waveform transmitted by a carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multi-carrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or DFT-s-OFDM).

[0088] The organization structure of the carrier can be different for different radio access technologies (LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.). For example, the communication through the carrier can be organized according to TTI or time slots, where each TTI or time slot can include user data and control information or signaling to support decoding of the user data. The carrier can also include dedicated acquisition signaling (such as synchronization signals or system information, etc.) and control signaling to coordinate the operation of the carrier. In some examples (for example, in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier can also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers.

[0089] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. In some examples, the control information sent in the physical control channel can be distributed in a cascaded manner between different control regions (e.g., between a common control region or common search space and one or more UE-specific control regions or UE-specific search spaces).

[0090] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of a radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of several predetermined bandwidths of a carrier for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz). In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on part or all of the carrier bandwidth. In other examples, some UEs 115 may be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a predefined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier (e.g., an "in-band" deployment of a narrowband protocol type).

[0091] In a system using MCM technology, a resource element may include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme). Therefore, the more resource elements received by UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate may be for UE 115. In a MIMO system, wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio spectrum resources, time resources, and space resources (e.g., space layers), and the use of multiple space layers may further increase the data rate used to communicate with UE 115.

[0092] A device of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., a network device 105 or a UE 115) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communication on one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 105 or a UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with more than one different carrier bandwidths.

[0093] The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 on multiple cells or carriers, a feature that may be referred to as carrier aggregation (CA) or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink CCs and one or more uplink CCs according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both FDD and TDD CCs.

[0094] In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 can utilize an enhanced CC (eCC). An eCC can have one or more features, including a wider carrier or frequency channel bandwidth, a shortened symbol duration, a shortened TTI duration, or a modified control channel configuration. In some cases, an eCC can be associated with a carrier aggregation configuration or a dual connectivity configuration (e.g., when multiple serving cells have suboptimal or non-ideal backhaul links). An eCC can also be configured for use in unlicensed spectrum or shared spectrum (e.g., allowing multiple operators to use the spectrum). An eCC characterized by a wide carrier bandwidth can include one or more segments that can be used by a UE 115 that is not able to monitor the entire carrier bandwidth or is otherwise configured to use a limited carrier bandwidth (e.g., to save power).

[0095] In some cases, an eCC may use a different symbol duration than other CCs, which may include using a reduced symbol duration compared to the symbol duration of other CCs. The reduced symbol duration may be associated with an increased spacing between adjacent subcarriers. A device utilizing an eCC, such as a UE 115 or a network device 105, may transmit a wideband signal (e.g., based on a frequency channel or carrier bandwidth of 20, 40, 60, 80 MHz, etc.) with a reduced symbol duration (e.g., 16.67 microseconds). A TTI in an eCC may consist of one or more symbol periods. In some cases, the TTI duration (i.e., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable.

[0096] Wireless communication systems such as NR systems can utilize any combination of licensed, shared, and unlicensed spectrum bands, etc. The flexibility of eCC symbol duration and subcarrier spacing can allow the use of eCCs across multiple spectrums. In some examples, NR shared spectrum can improve spectrum utilization and spectrum efficiency, especially through dynamic vertical (e.g., across frequency domain) and horizontal (e.g., across time domain) resource sharing.

[0097] In some cases, the UE 115 may have multiple antenna arrays for wireless communication between the UE 115 and other wireless devices (e.g., the network device 105). In addition, the UE 115 may include a flexible display with multiple foldable states (e.g., different physical configurations). For example, the multiple foldable states may include a flexible, bendable, or rollable display that can cause the UE 115 to be used for different functions (e.g., a mobile device, a phone, a tablet computer, or other devices with different form factors). These flexible UEs 115 can be utilized in a wireless communication system 100 (e.g., a 5G or NR system) where performance is maintained for different types of communications at different frequencies. For example, beamforming techniques can be used for communication between a flexible UE 115 and a network device 105 in a mmW format / frequency range (e.g., greater than 24 GHz).

[0098] Currently, a link budget (e.g., an amount of received power based on the transmitted power, and taking into account any gains and losses during transmission) for a flexible UE 115 can be met in a wireless communication system 100 through different beamforming techniques. For example, multi-antenna beamforming using a directional codebook for beams can be used to increase antenna array gain for the link budget. Such a codebook can be designed prior to communication (e.g., a priori) according to different design criteria for the flexible UE 115 and stored in a local memory (e.g., RFIC memory) of the flexible UE 115. In some cases, the codebook can be used by the flexible UE 115 to determine different beam weights to be applied to different antenna arrays in the flexible UE 115 to create one or more beams in a particular direction, the size of the one or more beams (e.g., beamwidth), or additional parameters of the one or more beams.

[0099] In addition, different foldable states (e.g., mobile / tablet / intermediate state, rolled up, etc.) of the flexible UE 115 may result in different antenna subarrays that can be used for communication (e.g., useful subarrays with different shapes and antenna sizes). Therefore, since the antenna subarrays that can be used for communication can change, different hierarchical analog beamforming codebooks (e.g., wider or narrower beams) may be required based on the current foldable state or upcoming (e.g., newly emerging) foldable state of the flexible UE 115 (e.g., at different points in time). However, it may not be possible to pre-calculate all analog beamforming codebooks corresponding to different foldable states of the flexible UE 115 (e.g., because the codebooks depend on a specific device usage or form factor). In addition, the flexible UE 115 may have limited local storage, so that not all analog beamforming codebooks can be stored for use at any time.

[0100] The wireless communication system 100 may support efficient techniques for performing codebook adaptation for the flexible UE 115. For example, if the flexible UE 115 determines that the current or upcoming foldable state does not correspond to a codebook that has been determined before the foldable state and is not stored in the local memory (e.g., preloaded), the flexible UE 115 may provide information about the folding state and an indication that the codebook is currently uncertain or unavailable for the folding state to the base station 105. In addition, when providing the information to the base station 105, the flexible UE 115 may also request the base station 105 to provide channel information to assist in codebook determination. In some cases, the request may instruct the base station 105 to allocate a specific number of CSI-RS symbols that the UE can use for codebook determination. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115 may generate a codebook internally and then signal the base station 105 with the generated codebook to request a beam refinement process. The beam refinement process request may also instruct the base station 105 to send a set of CSI-RS symbols to determine beam weights for subsequent communications.

[0101] A UE 115 (e.g., a wireless device) may include a UE communication manager 101 for enabling codebook determination for beamforming communications with a network device 105 (e.g., a base station 105). The UE communication manager 101 may enable the UE 115 to identify its own physical configuration (e.g., a foldable state) and determine whether an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration is currently preloaded in its memory. If the UE 115 determines that the corresponding analog beamforming codebook is not preloaded in its memory, the UE communication manager 101 may enable the UE 115 to send signaling to the network device 105, the signaling including an indication of the physical configuration of the UE 115 and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station. The UE communication manager 101 may then enable the UE 115 to receive the channel information from the network device 105 based on the request and determine the analog beamforming codebook for subsequent communications. In some cases, the channel information may include a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources that the UE 115 uses to determine the analog beamforming codebook. Additionally or alternatively, the UE communication manager 101 may enable the UE 115 to internally generate an analog beamforming codebook and then use the generated codebook to signal a request for a beam refinement process (e.g., channel information) to the network device 105, where the request instructs the base station 105 to send a consecutive set of CSI-RS symbols to determine a beam for subsequent communications.

[0102] One or more network devices 105 (e.g., base stations 105) may include a base station communication manager 102 that may enable the network device 105 to receive signaling from a UE 115, the signaling including an identified physical configuration of the UE 115 and a request for channel information from the UE 115, the channel request corresponding to the identified physical configuration of the UE 115. The base station communication manager 102 may then enable the network device 105 to send the requested channel information to the UE 115. In some cases, the sent channel information may include a contiguous set of CSI-RS resources determined based on the identified physical configuration of the UE 115. Additionally, the base station communication manager 102 may enable the network device 105 to send a contiguous set of CSI-RS resources on beams specific to the identified physical configuration.

[0103] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 can include a base station 105-a and a UE 115-a, which can be respectively as described above with reference to Figure 1Examples of corresponding network devices 105 and UEs 115 as described herein. As described herein, UE 115-a may be referred to as a flexible UE 115, wherein UE 115-a includes different flexible displays and foldable states (e.g., physical configurations). For example, different foldable states may include a flexible, bendable, or rollable display of UE 115-a for different functions (e.g., a mobile device, a phone, a tablet computer, or other devices with different form factors). Therefore, UE 115-a may need to determine an analog beamforming codebook based on different foldable states to communicate with base station 105-a.

[0104] For existing systems and UE 115, the antenna array (e.g., shape and size) may be known and fixed (e.g., linear array, planar array, etc.). Therefore, analog beamforming codebooks may be pre-generated and stored in a local memory (e.g., RFIC memory) of UE 115. These analog beamforming codebooks may be used to implement beamforming communications between UE 115 and other wireless devices (e.g., other UE 115, base station 105, etc.). For example, the analog beamforming codebook may enable UE 115 to determine characteristics about a beam (e.g., beam width, size, direction, gain in a particular direction, etc.) before sending information and messages on the beam. In addition, the analog beamforming codebook may be determined and used based on a plurality of available radio frequency chains that may be used for communication. The number of available radio frequency chains may be less than the number of antenna elements on UE 115.

[0105] However, given the continuum of possible folding states (e.g., foldable states or physical configurations) and the complexity and flexibility associated with different display types of the UE 115, it may be impossible or impractical for the UE 115 to pre-design all possible analog beamforming codebooks for different antenna array configurations (e.g., foldable states) or store all possible analog beamforming codebooks in local memory (e.g., based on limited storage of codebooks). For example, when used in a flexible system, antenna shapes and sizes may vary with a large number of possibilities, such that corresponding analog beamforming codebooks for a large number of possibilities cannot be determined before associated communications or observation of a foldable state. Therefore, the UE 115-a and the base station 105-a may support a codebook adaptation process to determine an analog beamforming codebook for the UE 115-a based on a foldable state 205 of the UE 115-a, wherein the foldable state 205 includes a configuration of the antenna array 210.

[0106] The antenna array 210 may be located at various locations around the UE 115-a. For example, the antenna array 210-a may illustrate an example of an antenna array location at the bottom of the UE 115-a. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna array 210-b may illustrate an example of an antenna array placement on the back of the UE 115-a. Different placements of the antenna array 210 may depend on the form factor of the UE 115-a, design constraints of the UE 115-a, performance enhancements of the UE 115-a (e.g., minimizing external interference from a user's hand), or other factors. Although in Figure 2 These two placements are shown in the example, but it should be understood that the antenna array 210 can be placed at other different locations around the UE 115-a (e.g., front, side, etc.), or include multiple antenna arrays located at multiple locations around the UE 115-a.

[0107] UE 115-a may use one or more sensors (e.g., potentiometers, gyroscopes, etc.) to assist in discovering its foldable state 205 (e.g., folded position / state). For example, the potentiometer may measure the effective resistance between the beginning and end of the antenna array and determine the number of antennas in the antenna array based on the effective resistance. In some cases, the foldable state 205 may include intermediate states of folding, curling, or bending of the UE 115-a and / or indicate a "wearability" state of the UE 115-a (e.g., as an example, where the UE 115-a can be worn as a watch). In addition, the foldable state 205 may be identified relative to one (or more) default foldable states of the UE 115-a. The memory of the UE 115-a may be preloaded with analog beamforming codebooks for one or more default folding positions, as well as foldable states corresponding to the analog beamforming codebooks.

[0108] In some cases, the UE 115-a may determine whether its foldable state 205 corresponds to any preloaded analog beamforming codebook. If the UE 115-a is in a new or emerging foldable state for which no analog beamforming codebook is stored or detected in its memory, the UE 115-a may send an uplink transmission 215 including a channel information request 220 to the base station 105-a. For example, the UE 115-a may request assistance from the base station 105-a in codebook design or determination. When sending the channel information request 220, the UE 115-a may also provide the base station 105-a with configuration information about its foldable state 205 and the lack of an analog beamforming codebook for the foldable state 205. In some cases, the UE 115-a may also determine whether its foldable state 205 is the same as a previous foldable state and / or how it compares to a previous foldable state reported to the base station 105-a.

[0109] The configuration information may include a description of the foldable state 205 relative to a past foldable state (e.g., an implicit description relative to a past state), or may include an explicit or more active description of the foldable state 205 (e.g., an indication of a particular antenna array shape and size for the foldable state 205, and an orientation in which the antenna array may be used). Thus, the foldable state 205 may be converted into antenna information that the base station 105-a may use for processing, where the antenna information may indicate an antenna shape (e.g., linear, planar, circular, collocated, distributed, etc.) and antenna size for the antenna array 210. Additionally or alternatively, the configuration information may be described in a quantized form having a limited number of bits. The configuration information may also be used across multiple applications at the firmware, hardware, software, and application levels of the UE 115-a.

[0110] In addition, the channel information request 220 may include a request from the UE 115-a to the base station 105-a to provide a continuous sequence of CSI-RS symbols to assist in codebook determination for an analog beamforming codebook. Typically, CSI-RS symbols may be used for a beam refinement process, determining beam weights to be used in communications, determining timing, frequency offset, and phase noise correction for communications, etc. However, CSI-RS symbols may also be used for analog beamforming codebook determination. Therefore, the UE 115-a may indicate that the requested CSI-RS symbol is required for analog beamforming codebook determination. For example, the UE 115-a may indicate such use of the CSI-RS symbol via a one (1) bit indication in the channel information request 220.

[0111] The base station 105-a may then send a downlink transmission 225 including the channel information 230 to the UE 115-a to enable the UE 115-a to perform a codebook determination 235 on the simulated beamforming codebook. For example, the channel information 230 may use the configuration information about the foldable state 205 received as part of the channel information request 220 to allocate a plurality of CSI-RS symbols specific to the foldable state 205 to the UE 115-a to perform the codebook determination 235. On these CSI-RS symbols, the base station 105-a may send the channel information 230 using a beam specific to the foldable state 205. The specific beam may allow the UE 115-a to use a set of sampled beams on a continuous sequence of CSI-RS symbols for the codebook determination 235. In some cases, the simulated beamforming codebook generated from the codebook determination 235 may be different from the sampled beam used to receive the channel information 230. In this case, symbol estimates made using sampled beams can be used to estimate a better set of beam weights for co-phasing.

[0112] After determining the analog beamforming codebook for the foldable state 205 based on the channel information 230 received from the base station 105-a, the UE 115-a may use the analog beamforming codebook until the foldable state 205 changes. As described above, the codebook adaptation process may be performed before the beam refinement process is performed. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-a may internally generate and adapt the analog beamforming codebook and then perform the beam refinement process using the generated analog beamforming codebook.

[0113] Figure 3 An example of a wireless communication system 300 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and / or 200. The wireless communication system 300 can include a base station 105-b and a UE 115-b, which can be as described above with reference to Figure 1 and 2 As described herein, UE 115-b may be referred to as a flexible UE 115, wherein UE 115-a includes different flexible displays and foldable states (e.g., physical configurations). For example, different foldable states may include a flexible, bendable, or rollable display of UE 115-b for different functions (e.g., a mobile device, a phone, a tablet computer, or other devices with different form factors). Therefore, UE 115-b may need to determine an analog beamforming codebook based on different foldable states to communicate with base station 105-b.

[0114] As above Figure 2 As described, UE 115-b can identify for itself a foldable state 305 including an antenna array 310, wherein the foldable state 305 does not correspond to any preloaded analog beamforming codebook in the memory of UE 115-b. The antenna array 310 can be located in different positions around UE 115-b. For example, antenna array 310-a can show an example of an antenna array position at the bottom of UE 115-b. Additionally or alternatively, antenna array 310-b can show an example of antenna array placement on the front side of UE 115-b. Different placements of antenna array 310 may depend on the form factor of UE 115-b, design constraints of UE 115-b, performance enhancements of UE 115-b (e.g., minimizing external interference from a user's hand), or other factors. Although in Figure 3 These two placements are shown in the example of , but it should be understood that the antenna array 310 can be placed at additional different locations around the UE 115-b (e.g., front, side, etc.), or include multiple antenna arrays located at multiple locations around the UE 115-b.

[0115] As the above reference Figure 2 In addition or in lieu of the codebook adaptation process described, the UE 115-b may feed information about the foldable state 305 from sensors (e.g., potentiometers, gyroscopes, etc.) to a central processor of the UE 115-b for offline codebook design and determination. Accordingly, the central processor may perform codebook calculation 315 to generate an analog beamforming codebook for the foldable state 305 based on the sensor information. The central processor may then feed the generated analog beamforming codebook to a modem (e.g., and at least one RFIC associated with the modem) for subsequent communications with the base station 105-b.

[0116] In some cases, the UE 115-b may use the generated simulated beamforming codebook to send an uplink transmission 320 including a beam refinement request 325 to the base station 105-b. The beam refinement request 325 may include a request for a new set of CSI-RS symbols for beam determination. The set of CSI-RS symbols may be different from the set of CSI-RS symbols described above. Figure 2 The method of determining a set of consecutive CSI-RS symbols for simulating a beamforming codebook. In some cases, the set of CSI-RS symbols (e.g., which symbols, the number of symbols, etc.) can be determined based on characteristics of UE 115-b (e.g., the location, type, foldable state 305, etc. of UE 115). Based on the beam refinement request 325, the base station 105-b can send a downlink transmission 330 including one or more CSI-RS resources 335, as indicated in the request. The UE 115-b can then perform a beam refinement process (e.g., determine a refined or narrower beam for subsequent communications with the base station 105-b) based on the received CSI-RS resources 335.

[0117] Figure 4 An example of a flexible wireless device 400 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the flexible wireless device 400 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 200, and / or 300. The flexible wireless device 400 can be a UE 115-c, which can be as described above with reference to Figure 1-3 Examples of the UE 115 described. In particular, UE 115 - c may illustrate a three-fold example of the flexible UE 115 .

[0118] As shown, UE 115-c may include a mobile form factor having a foldable state 405-a. In the foldable state 405-a, three antenna arrays 410 may be formed as a planar array with juxtaposed antennas. For example, a first antenna array 410-a may be located on a first fold, a second antenna array 410-b may be located on a second fold, and a third antenna array 410-c may be located on a third fold of UE 115-c. Based on the juxtaposed antenna arrays 410, an overall antenna planar array of four (4) antenna elements by three (3) antenna elements may be configured. In addition, UE 115-c may include a flat panel form factor corresponding to the foldable state 405-b, wherein the three antenna arrays 410 are changed into a distributed array of three linear antenna arrays of four (4) antennas by one (1) antenna. Thus, in the tri-fold example, UE 115-c may change the effective array shape and size of the antenna (e.g., planar and collocated for foldable state 405-a, linear and distributed for foldable state 405-b) based on foldable state 405. In some cases, UE 115-c may assume a default placement of antenna elements in foldable state 405-b and transition the antenna elements to the placement for foldable state 405-a.

[0119] Based on the configuration of antenna array 410, the analog beamforming codebook determination may be different. For example, a planar array of antenna elements as shown for foldable state 405-a may correspond to a first analog beamforming codebook, while a distributed linear array of antenna elements may correspond to a second analog beamforming codebook for foldable state 405-b. In this way, the second analog beamforming codebook for foldable state 405-b may be preloaded into the memory of UE 115-c (e.g., if foldable state 405-b is the default state), while the first analog beamforming codebook for foldable state 405-a is not preloaded into the memory. UE 115-c may then perform the operations described above with reference to Figure 2 and / or the codebook adaptation process described in 3 to determine the first analog beamforming codebook when in the foldable state 405-a or just before using the foldable state 405-a (e.g., a newly emerged folding state). Additionally or alternatively, although not shown, the UE 115-c can use an intermediate foldable state between the foldable states 405-a and 405-b, in which two folds are stacked and one fold is adjacent to the stack. In this way, if the corresponding analog beamforming codebook is not preloaded in the UE 115-c for the intermediate foldable state, the UE 115-c can perform the codebook adaptation process as described herein to determine the corresponding analog beamforming codebook.

[0120] Figure 5An example of a flexible wireless device 500 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the flexible wireless device 500 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 200, and / or 300. The flexible wireless device 500 can be a UE 115-d, which can be described above with reference to Figure 1-3 An example of the UE 115 described above. Specifically, the UE 115 - d may illustrate an example of a curling of the flexible UE 115 .

[0121] The UE 115-d may include multiple foldable states 505 corresponding to different form factors and multiple active mode antenna elements on the antenna array 510 based on the foldable states 505. As the foldable states 505 and the corresponding form factors decrease, the antenna elements may overlap from the previous foldable state 505 and tilt into or behind the existing antenna elements of the current foldable state 505. Based on the overlapping antenna elements, the antenna elements tilted into or behind the existing antenna elements may enter an inactive mode. For example, the UE 115-d may be internally configured to deactivate an antenna element when it is behind another antenna element.

[0122] Initially, for a corresponding foldable state 505-c, the UE 115-d may assume that its antenna elements are placed according to the antenna array 510-c, where the foldable state 505-c is a flat panel form factor of the UE 115-d. For example, the antenna array 510-c may include a linear array of twelve (12) antenna elements by one (1) antenna element. The UE 115-d may then be rolled down to a foldable state 505-b including the antenna array 510-b, where the foldable state 505-b corresponds to an intermediate state of the roll-up of the UE 115-d. The foldable state 505-b may include that the number of antenna elements in the antenna array 510-b is less than the number of antenna elements in the antenna array 510-c. For example, the antenna array 510-b may include a linear array of eight (8) antenna elements by one (1) antenna element. The UE 115-d may also be rolled down to a foldable state 505-a including the antenna array 510-a, wherein the foldable state 505-a corresponds to a mobile form factor of the UE 115-d. The foldable state 505-a may include that the number of antenna elements in the antenna array 510-a is less than the number of antenna elements in both the antenna array 510-c and the antenna array 510-b. For example, the antenna array 510-a may include a linear array of four (4) antenna elements by one (1) antenna element.

[0123] Based on this curled example, the antenna array 510 can remain linear, but the antenna array 510 can change in size and have a corresponding number of active antenna elements based on the curled state. Therefore, different numbers of active antenna elements in the antenna array 510 can correspond to different analog beamforming codebooks. If the identified foldable state with the corresponding number of active antenna elements does not correspond to any pre-loaded analog beamforming codebook in the memory of the UE 115-d, the UE 115-d can then select the codebook based on the above reference. Figure 2 The analog beamforming codebook may be determined by the codebook adaptation process described in and / or 3. For example, for the foldable state 505-b, the analog beamforming codebook may not be preloaded in the UE 115-d, and the UE 115-d may determine the corresponding analog beamforming codebook based on information received from the base station 105 or based on internal codebook calculation and generation at the central processor of the UE 115-d.

[0124] Figure 6 An example of a flexible wireless device 600 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the flexible wireless device 600 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 200, and / or 300. The flexible wireless device 600 can be a UE 115-e, which can be described above with reference to Figure 1-3 Examples of the UE 115. Specifically, UE 115-e may illustrate a wearable example of a flexible UE 115 (eg, a watch).

[0125] The UE 115-e may include different foldable states 605 and antenna arrays 610 corresponding to different form factors. For example, the UE 115-e may first assume the placement of antenna elements according to the foldable state 605-a and the antenna array 610-a, where the foldable state 605-a is a mobile form factor for the UE 115-e. As shown, the antenna array 610-a may include a linear array of twelve (12) antenna elements by one (1) antenna element. The UE 115-e may then be rolled up to a wearable shape as indicated by the foldable state 605-b. The foldable state 605-b may include the same number of antenna elements in the antenna array 610-b as the antenna array 610-a. However, the antenna array 610-b may be circular or have a different shape, orientation, etc. than the antenna array 610-a for the foldable state 605-a.

[0126] The transformation of a linear array of antenna elements to a circular array of antenna elements may result in the need for separate analog beamforming codebooks for the corresponding antenna array 610 and foldable state 605. For example, in contrast to the antenna array 610-a being linear and being able to use beams in one dimension, the antenna array 610-b may result in the use of beams in two dimensions. Therefore, the analog beamforming codebook for the antenna array 610-a and the foldable state 605-a may be different from the analog beamforming codebook for the antenna array 610-b and the foldable state 605-b. In some cases, the analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the foldable state 605-a may be preloaded in the memory of the UE 115-e (e.g., based on a default configuration of the UE 115-e), but the analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the foldable state 605-b (or a partially curled or intermediate foldable state between the foldable state 605-a and the foldable state 605-b) may not be preloaded in the memory of the UE 115-e. Therefore, UE 115-e may perform operations similar to those described above. Figure 2 and / or the codebook adaptation process of the process described in 3 to determine the analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the foldable state 605-b.

[0127] Flexible displays and other examples of folding of the UE 115 may cause one or more antenna elements or antenna arrays to disappear (e.g., blocked due to form factor modification), or may cause new shapes to appear. These different examples of foldable states may indicate that the appropriate analog beamforming codebook (e.g., its relevance) for the foldable state (which depends on the subarray shape and size) may change depending on the nature of the rolled or folded state of the UE 115. Therefore, as described herein, the analog beamforming codebook of the UE 115 may need to be adapted based on the foldable state to determine the appropriate analog beamforming codebook.

[0128] In addition, it should be understood that Figure 4 , 5 The antenna array placement shown on the flexible wireless device in FIG. 6 may be an example of an antenna array placement on UE 115. Figure 2 and 3As described in, antenna arrays may be placed at different locations around UE 115 (e.g., front, back, side, bottom, top, etc.). In this way, when the physical configuration of UE 115 changes (e.g., folded, bent, curled, extended, etc.), the antenna array may change accordingly based on the changed physical configuration of UE 115. Then, UE 115 may perform the codebook adaptation process as described above to determine the analog beamforming codebook based on the changed physical configuration and the corresponding antenna array. In addition, multiple antenna arrays may be placed around UE 115, where one or more antenna arrays are affected by the physical configuration change, and UE 115 performs codebook adaptation based on the affected one or more antenna arrays.

[0129] Figure 7 An example of a process flow 700 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. In some examples, the process flow 700 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, 200, and / or 300. The process flow 700 can include a base station 105-c and a UE 115-f, which can be as described above with reference to Figure 1-6 Examples of corresponding wireless devices described herein. UE 115-f may include a flexible display as described herein. Therefore, the analog beamforming codebook for UE 115-f may be determined based on the physical configuration (e.g., foldable state) of the flexible display of UE 115-f.

[0130] In the following description of process flow 700, operations between UE 115-f and base station 105-c may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Certain operations may also be excluded from process flow 700, or other operations may be added to process flow 700. It should be understood that although UE 115-f is shown performing multiple operations of process flow 700, any wireless device may perform the operations shown.

[0131] At 705, UE 115-f may identify its own physical configuration (e.g., foldable state). In some cases, the identified physical configuration may include a set of antenna elements that form an antenna array pattern corresponding to the identified physical configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the identified physical configuration may include a foldable state of UE 115-f corresponding to different possible folds of the flexible display unit. In some cases, UE 115-f may deactivate one or more antennas based on the identified physical configuration.

[0132] At 710, the UE 115-f may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in its own memory. In some cases, the preloaded analog beamforming codebooks may be associated with beamforming communications with the base station 105-c over a limited number of radio frequency chains, where the number of radio frequency chains is less than the number of antenna elements of the UE 115-f. Additionally, the preloaded analog beamforming codebooks may be stored in an RFIC memory of the UE 115-f.

[0133] At 715, the UE 115-f may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in its own memory.

[0134] At 720, the UE 115-f may send signaling to the base station 105-c, the signaling including an indication of its own physical configuration and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station 105-c, wherein the sending fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the UE 115-f based on the identified physical configuration. In some cases, the request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station 105-c may include a request for a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources determined for the analog beamforming codebook.

[0135] In addition, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the UE 115-f. In some cases, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include an indication of one or more antenna shapes, antenna subarrays, antenna sizes, or a combination thereof of the physical configuration of the UE 115-f. Additionally or alternatively, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include a quantized indication of a finite size. In some cases, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include information for a set of applications at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the UE 115-f.

[0136] At 725, UE 115-f may receive channel information from base station 105-c in response to the request. In some cases, UE 115-f may receive a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources as part of the channel information. In some cases, base station 105-c may determine the set of contiguous CSI-RS resources based on the identified physical configuration of UE 115-f. In addition, base station 105-c may send the set of contiguous CSI-RS resources to UE 115-f on a beam specific to the identified physical configuration.

[0137] At 730, the UE 115-f may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the received channel information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station 105-c when in the identified physical configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-f may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration. In some cases, the UE 115-f may determine the analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration using a set of one or more analog sampled beams on a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources.

[0138] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-f may send sensor information about the identified physical configuration to a CPU within itself, and generate an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the sensor information at the CPU, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station 105-c when in the identified physical configuration. In some cases, the sensor information may include information from a potentiometer, a gyroscope, or a combination thereof. In addition, the UE 115-f may send an indication of the generated analog beamforming codebook to the modem and the RFIC associated with the modem itself.

[0139] At 735, the UE 115-f may send a beam refinement process request to the base station 105-c based on the simulated beamforming codebook generated for the identified physical configuration, wherein the beam refinement process request includes a request for channel information.

[0140] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communication manager 815, and a transmitter 820. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0141] The receiver 810 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1120 are described. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0142] The communication manager 815 may identify a physical configuration of a wireless device (e.g., a UE). In addition, the communication manager 815 may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. In some cases, the communication manager 815 may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device. Therefore, the communication manager 815 may send a signaling including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communication with the base station to the base station, the transmission being based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device. In some cases, the communication manager 815 may receive channel information from the base station in response to the request. The communication manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1110 described herein.

[0143] Based on the actions performed by the communication manager 815 as described herein, a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) can improve its battery life. For example, after receiving channel information from a base station, the wireless device can turn off one or more antennas, antenna elements, antenna arrays, etc., thereby reducing power consumption at the wireless device. In addition, in some cases, the wireless device can reduce computational complexity by receiving channel information from the base station based on the actions performed by the communication manager 815, which can at least partially indicate an analog beamforming codebook for use by the wireless device, rather than having the wireless device itself determine the analog beamforming codebook.

[0144] The communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be implemented by hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0145] The communication manager 815 or its subcomponents can be physically located in a variety of locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents can be independent and distinct components according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or combinations thereof according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0146] Transmitter 820 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 805. In some examples, transmitter 820 can be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 820 can be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1120 are described. The transmitter 820 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0147] Fig. 9 A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of the device 805 or a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a communication manager 915, and a transmitter 945. The device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0148] The receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1120 are described. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0149] The communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 815 as described herein. The communication manager 915 may include a foldable state identifier 920, a preload codebook component 925, an emerging foldable state component 930, a channel information request component 935, and a channel information receiver 940. The communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1110 described herein.

[0150] The foldable state identifier 920 may identify a physical configuration of a wireless device (eg, UE).

[0151] The preloaded codebook component 925 can access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in the memory of the wireless device.

[0152] The emerging foldable state component 930 can determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device.

[0153] The channel information requesting component 935 can send signaling to the base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending being based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device.

[0154] The channel information receiver 940 may receive channel information from a base station in response to a request.

[0155] Based on transmitting the indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device, the processor of the wireless device (e.g., as described in reference Figure 7 The control receiver 910, transmitter 945, or transceiver 1120) described above can enable the wireless device to more efficiently determine the analog beamforming codebook for subsequent communications with the base station. For example, the base station can indicate the analog beamforming codebook for use by the wireless device, or the wireless device can determine the analog beamforming codebook using channel information received from the base station. By determining the analog beamforming codebook in this manner, the processor can reduce the waiting time when the analog beamforming codebook is determined via conventional means or using a beam that is not ideal for the current or upcoming physical configuration of the wireless device. In addition, the processor can save battery power by identifying when the wireless device can turn off different components (e.g., display, antenna elements, etc.) based on the current or upcoming physical configuration.

[0156] Transmitter 945 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 905. In some examples, transmitter 945 can be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 945 can be a reference Fig.11 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1120 are described. The transmitter 945 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0157] Fig.10 A block diagram 1000 of a communication manager 1005 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1005 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 815, the communication manager 915, or the communication manager 1110 described herein. The communication manager 1005 can include a foldable state identifier 1010, a preloaded codebook component 1015, an emerging foldable state component 1020, a channel information request component 1025, a channel information receiver 1030, a beamforming codebook component 1035, a CSI-RS codebook determination component 1040, and an internal codebook determination component 1045. Each of these modules can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0158] The foldable state identifier 1010 may identify a physical configuration of a wireless device (e.g., a UE). In some examples, the foldable state identifier 1010 may deactivate one or more antennas based on the identified physical configuration. In some cases, the identified physical configuration may include a set of antenna elements that form an antenna array pattern corresponding to the identified physical configuration. In addition, the identified physical configuration may include a foldable state of the wireless device corresponding to different possible folds of the flexible display unit.

[0159] The preloaded codebook component 1015 can access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. For example, the preloaded codebook component 1015 can access a set of analog beamforming codebooks available for use by the wireless device. In some cases, the preloaded analog beamforming codebooks can be associated with beamforming communications with a base station over a limited number of radio frequency chains, where the number of radio frequency chains is less than the number of antenna elements of the wireless device. Additionally, the preloaded analog beamforming codebooks can be stored in the RFIC memory.

[0160] The emerging foldable state component 1020 can determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device.

[0161] The channel information requesting component 1025 may send signaling to the base station including an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. In some cases, the request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station may include a request for a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources determined for the analog beamforming codebook.

[0162] In addition, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the wireless device. In some cases, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include an indication of one or more antenna shapes, antenna subarrays, antenna sizes, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device. In addition, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include a quantized indication having a finite size. In some cases, the indication of the identified physical configuration may include information for an application set at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0163] The channel information receiver 1030 may receive channel information from a base station in response to a request.

[0164] The beamforming codebook component 1035 can determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the received channel information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration.

[0165] The CSI-RS codebook determination component 1040 may receive a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources from a base station. In some examples, the CSI-RS codebook determination component 1040 may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the set of contiguous CSI-RS resources, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the CSI-RS codebook determination component 1040 may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration using a set of simulated sampling beams on a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources.

[0166] The internal codebook determination component 1045 can send sensor information about the identified physical configuration to a CPU within the wireless device. In some examples, the internal codebook determination component 1045 can generate an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration at the CPU based on the sensor information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration. In addition, the internal codebook determination component 1045 can send an indication of the generated analog beamforming codebook to a modem in the wireless device and an RFIC associated with the modem. In some examples, the internal codebook determination component 1045 can send a beam refinement process request to the base station based on the analog beamforming codebook generated for the identified physical configuration, wherein the beam refinement process request includes a request for channel information. In some cases, the sensor information may include information from a potentiometer, a gyroscope, or a combination thereof.

[0167] Fig.11 A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 may be an example of or include components of a device 805, a device 905, or a wireless device (e.g., a UE 115) as described herein. The device 1105 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1110, an I / O controller 1115, a transceiver 1120, an antenna 1125, a memory 1130, and a processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145).

[0168] The communication manager 1110 may identify a physical configuration of a wireless device (e.g., a UE). In addition, the communication manager 1110 may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. In some cases, the communication manager 1110 may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device. Therefore, the communication manager 1110 may send a signaling including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station to the base station, the sending being based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in the memory of the wireless device. In some cases, the communication manager 1110 may receive channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0169] I / O controller 1115 can manage the input and output signals of device 1105. I / O controller 1115 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 can utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX® or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 1115 can be represented or interacted with by a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 can be implemented as a part of a processor. In some cases, a user can interact with device 1105 via I / O controller 1115 or via a hardware component controlled by I / O controller 1115.

[0170] The transceiver 1120 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1120 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1120 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulating packets received from an antenna.

[0171] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously.

[0172] The memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1130 may store computer-readable computer executable code 1135, which includes instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1130 may contain a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0173] The processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1140. The processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices).

[0174] The code 1135 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executed by the processor 1140, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0175] Fig.12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a base station communication manager 1215, and a transmitter 1220. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0176] The receiver 1210 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 may be a reference Fig.15 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1520 are described. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0177] The base station communication manager 1215 may receive signaling from a wireless device (e.g., a UE) including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device. Additionally, the base station communication manager 1215 may receive a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration. In some cases, the base station communication manager 1215 may send the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request. The base station communication manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1510 described herein.

[0178] The base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be implemented by hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0179] The base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents can be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents can be independent and distinct components according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the base station communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to I / O components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0180] Transmitter 1220 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1205. In some examples, transmitter 1220 can be co-located with receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1220 can be a reference Fig.15 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1520 are described. The transmitter 1220 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0181] Fig.13 A block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1305 may be an example of aspects of the device 1205 or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a base station communication manager 1315, and a transmitter 1335. The device 1305 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0182] The receiver 1310 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1305. The receiver 1310 may be a reference Fig.15 Examples of aspects of transceiver 1520 are described. Receiver 1310 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0183] The base station communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1215 as described herein. The base station communication manager 1315 may include a foldable state indication receiver 1320, a channel information request receiver 1325, and a channel information transmitter 1330. The base station communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1510 described herein.

[0184] The foldable state indication receiver 1320 may receive signaling from a wireless device (eg, UE) including an indication of an identified physical configuration for the wireless device.

[0185] The channel information request receiver 1325 may receive a request from the wireless device for channel information corresponding to the identified physical configuration.

[0186] The channel information transmitter 1330 may transmit the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0187] Transmitter 1335 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1305. In some examples, transmitter 1335 can be co-located with receiver 1310 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1335 can be a reference Fig.15 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 1520 are described. The transmitter 1335 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0188] Fig.14 A block diagram 1400 of a base station communication manager 1405 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The base station communication manager 1405 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1215, the base station communication manager 1315, or the base station communication manager 1510 described herein. The base station communication manager 1405 may include a foldable state indication receiver 1410, a channel information request receiver 1415, a channel information transmitter 1420, and a CSI-RS resource transmitter 1425. Each of these modules may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0189] The foldable state indication receiver 1410 may receive signaling including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device from a wireless device (e.g., a UE). In some cases, the indication of the physical configuration may include an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to the past physical configuration of the wireless device. In addition, the indication of the physical configuration may include an indication of an antenna shape, an antenna subarray, an antenna size, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device. In some cases, the indication of the physical configuration may include a quantized indication of a limited size. In addition, the indication of the physical configuration may include information for an application set at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0190] In some cases, the physical configuration may include a set of antenna elements forming an antenna array pattern corresponding to the physical configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the physical configuration may include foldable states of the wireless device corresponding to different possible folds of the flexible display unit.

[0191] The channel information request receiver 1415 may receive a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration from the wireless device.

[0192] The channel information transmitter 1420 may transmit the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request. In some cases, the channel information may be associated with beamforming communications with the wireless device.

[0193] The CSI-RS resource transmitter 1425 may transmit a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources to the wireless device, wherein the CSI-RS resources are determined based on an indication of the physical configuration. In some examples, the CSI-RS resource transmitter 1425 may transmit a set of contiguous CSI-RS resources to the wireless device on a beam specific to the physical configuration.

[0194] Fig.15 A diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1505 may be an example of or include components of the device 1205, device 1305, or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1505 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a base station communication manager 1510, a network communication manager 1515, a transceiver 1520, an antenna 1525, a memory 1530, a processor 1540, and an inter-station communication manager 1545. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1550).

[0195] The base station communication manager 1510 may receive signaling from a wireless device (e.g., a UE) including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device. In addition, the base station communication manager 1510 may receive a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration from the wireless device. In some cases, the base station communication manager 1510 may send the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0196] The network communications manager 1515 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1515 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices such as one or more UEs 115.

[0197] The transceiver 1520 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1520 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1520 can also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulating packets received from an antenna.

[0198] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1525. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1525, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously.

[0199] Memory 1530 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1530 may store computer readable code 1535, which includes instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1540), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1530 may include BIOS, etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0200] Processor 1540 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1540 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1540. Processor 1540 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1530) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for flexible wireless devices).

[0201] The inter-site communication manager 1545 may manage communications with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UE 115 in cooperation with the other base stations 105. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1545 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1545 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between base stations 105.

[0202] The code 1535 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code 1535 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1535 may not be directly executed by the processor 1540, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0203] Fig.16 A flow chart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be performed by a communication manager, as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 In some examples, the wireless device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the wireless device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0204] At 1605, the wireless device may identify a physical configuration of the wireless device. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be performed via a foldable state identifier.

[0205] At 1610, the wireless device may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The preloaded codebook component is used for execution.

[0206] At 1615, the wireless device may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11As described, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by the emerging foldable state component.

[0207] At 1620, the wireless device may send signaling to the base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, as shown in reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by a channel information requesting component.

[0208] At 1625, the wireless device may receive channel information from the base station in response to the request. The operations of 1625 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1625 may be performed by a channel information receiver.

[0209] Fig.17 A flow chart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be performed by a communication manager, as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 In some examples, the wireless device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the wireless device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0210] At 1705, the wireless device may identify a physical configuration of the wireless device. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be performed via a foldable state identifier.

[0211] At 1710, the wireless device may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The preloaded codebook component is used for execution.

[0212] At 1715, the wireless device may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11As described, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by the emerging foldable state component.

[0213] At 1720, the wireless device may send signaling to the base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, as shown in reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by a channel information requesting component.

[0214] At 1725, the wireless device may receive channel information from the base station in response to the request. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1725 may be performed by a channel information receiver.

[0215] At 1730, the wireless device may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the received channel information, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration. The operations of 1730 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1730 may be as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The beamforming is performed by a codebook component.

[0216] Fig.18 A flow chart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a wireless device (e.g., UE 115) or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a communication manager, as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 In some examples, the wireless device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the wireless device to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0217] At 1805, the wireless device may identify a physical configuration of the wireless device. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1805 may be performed via a foldable state identifier.

[0218] At 1810, the wireless device may access a set of analog beamforming codebooks preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be as described in reference to Figures 8 to 11 The preloaded codebook component is used for execution.

[0219] At 1815, the wireless device may determine that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by the emerging foldable state component.

[0220] At 1820, the wireless device may send signaling to the base station including an indication of the physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based on the identified physical configuration failing to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook preloaded in a memory of the wireless device. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, as shown in reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed by a channel information requesting component.

[0221] At 1825, the wireless device may receive channel information from the base station in response to the request. In some cases, the request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station may include a request for a set of consecutive CSI-RS resources for analog beamforming codebook determination. The operations of 1825 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1825 may be performed by a channel information receiver.

[0222] At 1830, the wireless device may receive a set of consecutive CSI-RS resources from a base station. The operations of 1830 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 8 to 11 As described, aspects of the operation of 1830 may be performed by a CSI-RS codebook determination component.

[0223] At 1835, the wireless device may determine an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the identified physical configuration based on the set of consecutive CSI-RS resources, wherein the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station when in the identified physical configuration. The operations of 1835 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1835 may be as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 The CSI-RS codebook determination component is used for execution.

[0224] Fig.19 A flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by the base station 105 or a component thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a base station communication manager, as described in reference to Figure 12 to Figure 15 In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0225] At 1905, the base station may receive signaling from the wireless device including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 1905 may be performed by a foldable status indication receiver.

[0226] At 1910, a base station may receive a request for channel information corresponding to a physical configuration from a wireless device. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 1910 may be performed by a channel information request receiver.

[0227] At 1915, the base station may send channel information to the wireless device in response to the request. The operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 1915 may be performed by a channel information transmitter.

[0228] Fig. 20 A flow chart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting beamforming codebook adaptation for a flexible wireless device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by the base station 105 or a component thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be performed by a base station communication manager, as described in reference to Figure 12 to Figure 15 In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0229] At 2005, the base station may receive signaling from the wireless device including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device. The operations of 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 2005 may be performed by a foldable status indication receiver.

[0230] At 2010, the base station may receive a request for channel information corresponding to a physical configuration from a wireless device. The operations of 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 2010 may be performed by a channel information request receiver.

[0231] At 2015, the base station may send channel information to the wireless device in response to the request. The operation of 2015 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 2015 may be performed by a channel information transmitter.

[0232] At 2020, the base station may send a set of consecutive CSI-RS resources to the wireless device, wherein the CSI-RS resources are determined based on an indication of the physical configuration. The operation of 2020 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, such as reference Figures 12 to 15 As described, aspects of the operation of 2020 may be performed by a CSI-RS resource transmitter.

[0233] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0234] The technology described herein can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. CDMA systems can implement radio technologies such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), etc. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. IS-2000 versions can be generally referred to as CDMA2000 1X, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is generally referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Speed ​​Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. TDMA systems can implement radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).

[0235] An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE, LTE-A, and LTE-A Pro are versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). The techniques described herein may be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned herein as well as other systems and radio technologies. Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable to applications other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR applications.

[0236] A macro cell typically covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to a UE through a service subscription with a network provider. A small cell may be associated with a base station with lower power than a macro cell, and the small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed, etc.) frequency band as a macro cell. According to various examples, a small cell may include a pico cell, a femto cell, and a micro cell. For example, a pico cell may cover a small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access to a UE through a service subscription with a network provider. A femto cell may also cover a small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may provide restricted access to a UE associated with a femto cell (e.g., a UE in a closed subscriber group (CSG), a UE for a user in a home, etc.). An eNB for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB. An eNB for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell eNB, a pico eNB, a femto eNB, or a home eNB. An eNB may support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells and may also support communications using one or more component carriers.

[0237] The wireless communication systems described herein may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0238] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0239] The various illustrative blocks and modules described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0240] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination of these. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0241] Computer-readable media include both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, and computer storage media and communication media include any media that help to transfer a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device or can be used to carry or store the required program code mode in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general or special computer, or a general or special processor. Any other non-transitory medium. In addition, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio and microwave) is used to send software from a website, server or other remote source, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio and microwave) is included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0242] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items preceded by a phrase such as "at least one" or "one or more"), indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0243] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference that distinguishes between similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the specification applies to any one similar component having the same first reference number, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0244] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "superior to other examples." For the purpose of providing an understanding of the described technology, the detailed description includes specific details. However, the technologies may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form.

[0245] The description provided herein enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure are apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but conforms to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0246] Example 1: A method for wireless communications at a wireless device, comprising: sending signaling to a base station, the signaling including an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the transmission being based at least in part on a failure of the physical configuration of the wireless device to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device; and receiving the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

[0247] Example 2: According to the method of Example 1, it also includes: identifying a physical configuration of the wireless device; accessing multiple analog beamforming codebooks available for use by the wireless device; and determining that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook of the wireless device in the multiple analog beamforming codebooks.

[0248] Example 3: The method of Example 2, wherein accessing a plurality of analog beamforming codebooks comprises accessing a plurality of preloaded analog beamforming codebooks in a memory of the wireless device.

[0249] Example 4: The method of Example 3, wherein the plurality of preloaded analog beamforming codebooks are associated with beamforming communications with a base station over a limited number of radio frequency chains, wherein the number of radio frequency chains is less than the number of antenna elements of the wireless device.

[0250] Example 5: The method of Example 3, wherein the plurality of preloaded analog beamforming codebooks are stored in a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) memory.

[0251] Example 6: The method according to any one of Examples 1 to 5 further includes: determining an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to a physical configuration based at least in part on received channel information, wherein when in the physical configuration, the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station.

[0252] Example 7: The method of any one of Examples 1 to 6, wherein the request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station comprises a request for a plurality of consecutive channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources for analog beamforming codebook determination.

[0253] Example 8: According to the method of Example 7, it also includes: receiving multiple consecutive channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources from a base station; and determining an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to a physical configuration based at least in part on the multiple consecutive CSI-RS resources, wherein when in the physical configuration, the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with the base station.

[0254] Example 9: The method according to Example 8 further includes: determining an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the physical configuration using a set of multiple analog sampling beams on multiple consecutive CSI-RS resources.

[0255] Example 10: The method of any one of Examples 1 to 9, wherein the indication of the physical configuration comprises an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0256] Example 11: A method according to any of Examples 1 to 10, wherein the indication of the physical configuration includes an indication of one or more antenna shapes, antenna subarrays, antenna sizes, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0257] Example 12: The method of any one of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the indication of the physical configuration comprises a quantized indication having a finite size.

[0258] Example 13: A method according to any of Examples 1 to 12, wherein the indication of the physical configuration includes information for multiple applications at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0259] Example 14: The method according to any one of Examples 1 to 13 further includes: sending sensor information about a physical configuration to a central processing unit (CPU) within a wireless device; and generating an analog beamforming codebook corresponding to the physical configuration at the CPU based at least in part on the sensor information, wherein when in the physical configuration, the analog beamforming codebook is used for subsequent communications with a base station.

[0260] Example 15: The method of Example 14 further comprising sending an indication of the generated analog beamforming codebook to a modem in the wireless device and a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) associated with the modem.

[0261] Example 16: The method of Example 14 further includes: sending a beam refinement process request to the base station based at least in part on the analog beamforming codebook generated for the physical configuration, wherein the beam refinement process request includes a request for channel information.

[0262] Example 17: The method of Example 14, wherein the sensor information includes information from a potentiometer, a gyroscope, or a combination thereof.

[0263] Example 18: The method of any one of Examples 1 to 17, further comprising: deactivating one or more antennas based at least in part on the physical configuration.

[0264] Example 19: A method according to any one of Examples 1 to 18, wherein the physical configuration includes a plurality of antenna elements forming an antenna array pattern corresponding to the physical configuration.

[0265] Example 20: The method of any one of Examples 1 to 19, wherein the physical configuration comprises foldable states of the wireless device corresponding to different possible foldings of the flexible display unit.

[0266] Example 21: An apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method of any of Examples 1 to 20.

[0267] Example 22: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor and the memory configured to perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 20.

[0268] Example 23: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of Examples 1 to 20.

[0269] Example 24: A method for wireless communications at a base station, comprising: receiving signaling including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device from a wireless device; receiving a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration for the wireless device from the wireless device; and sending the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

[0270] Example 25: A method according to Example 24, wherein sending channel information further comprises: sending multiple consecutive channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources to the wireless device, wherein the CSI-RS resources are determined at least in part based on an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device.

[0271] Example 26: The method according to Example 25 also includes: sending multiple consecutive CSI-RS resources to the wireless device on a beam specific to the physical configuration.

[0272] Example 27: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 26, wherein the indication of the physical configuration comprises an explicit or implicit indication of the physical configuration relative to a past physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0273] Example 28: A method according to any of Examples 24 to 27, wherein the indication of the physical configuration includes an indication of an antenna shape, an antenna subarray, an antenna size, or a combination thereof for the physical configuration of the wireless device.

[0274] Example 29: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 28, wherein the indication of the physical configuration comprises a quantized indication having a finite size.

[0275] Example 30: A method according to any one of Examples 24 to 29, wherein the indication of the physical configuration includes information for multiple applications at a firmware layer, a hardware layer, a software layer, an application layer, or a combination thereof for the wireless device.

[0276] Example 31: A method according to any one of Examples 24 to 30, wherein the physical configuration includes a plurality of antenna elements forming an antenna array pattern corresponding to the physical configuration.

[0277] Example 32: A method according to any one of Examples 24 to 31, wherein the channel information is associated with beamforming communications with the wireless device.

[0278] Example 33: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 32, wherein the physical configuration comprises foldable states of the wireless device corresponding to different possible foldings of the flexible display unit.

[0279] Example 34: An apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method of any of Examples 24 to 33.

[0280] Example 35: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor and the memory configured to perform the method of any one of Examples 24 to 33.

[0281] Example 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of Examples 24 to 33.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a wireless device, comprising: transmitting signaling to a base station, the signaling comprising an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the transmitting based at least in part on a failure of the physical configuration of the wireless device to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device; as well as The channel information is received from the base station in response to the request.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: identifying the physical configuration of the wireless device; accessing a plurality of analog beamforming codebooks available for use by the wireless device; A determination is made that the identified physical configuration fails to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device in the plurality of analog beamforming codebooks.

3. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: receiving signaling from a wireless device including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device; receiving, from the wireless device, a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration of the wireless device; as well as The channel information is sent to the wireless device in response to the request.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein sending the channel information further comprises: A plurality of consecutive channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources are sent to the wireless device, wherein the CSI-RS resources are determined based at least in part on the indication of the physical configuration for the wireless device.

5. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, comprising: means for sending signaling to a base station, the signaling comprising an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the sending based at least in part on a failure of the physical configuration of the wireless device to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device; as well as Means for receiving the channel information from the base station in response to the request.

6. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: means for receiving signaling from a wireless device comprising an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device; means for receiving, from the wireless device, a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration of the wireless device; as well as Means for sending the channel information to the wireless device in response to the request.

7. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, comprising: processor; as well as A memory coupled to the processor, the processor and the memory being configured to: transmitting signaling to a base station, the signaling comprising an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the transmitting based at least in part on a failure of the physical configuration of the wireless device to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device; as well as The channel information is received from the base station in response to the request.

8. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: processor; and A memory coupled to the processor, the processor and the memory being configured to: receiving signaling from a wireless device including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device; receiving, from the wireless device, a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration of the wireless device; as well as The channel information is sent to the wireless device in response to the request.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to: transmitting signaling to a base station, the signaling comprising an indication of a physical configuration of the wireless device and a request for channel information for subsequent communications with the base station, the transmitting based at least in part on a failure of the physical configuration of the wireless device to correspond to at least one analog beamforming codebook for the wireless device; and The channel information is received from the base station in response to the request.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to: receiving signaling from a wireless device including an indication of a physical configuration for the wireless device; receiving, from the wireless device, a request for channel information corresponding to the physical configuration of the wireless device; as well as The channel information is sent to the wireless device in response to the request.

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