Culture medium for potted ginger and application method

Abstract

The invention provides a culture medium for potted ginger, and relates to the field of plant cultivation, the culture medium comprises a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, the basic culture medium comprises an MS culture medium, sucrose and agar, the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine, auxin, gibberellin A3 and kinetin KT, and the organic additive comprises an organic additive. The organic additive comprises coconut water and yeast extract, the antioxidant is activated carbon, and the trace elements are CaCl2 and MgSO4. The culture medium can effectively regulate and control the growth balance of plants, inhibit the excessive growth of the ginger plants and ensure the uniformity and stability of the plants while providing nutrient substances required by the growth of the ginger and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of the ginger, and provides tissue culture seedlings for the potted ginger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a culture medium for potted ginger and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ginger, as a plant that can be used for both medicine and food, is widely used in food, medical and other fields. In modern urban life, in order to beautify the indoor environment, improve air quality, regulate emotions and reduce stress, and enhance the fun of life, people usually place potted green plants in their offices or living areas. Moreover, with the improvement of living standards, people have a demand for more multifunctional potted plants, requiring potted plants to provide health and convenience functions while ensuring ornamental value. Ginger plants have a unique aroma (its aroma is mainly spicy, with some woody notes and a refreshing feeling similar to herbs such as mint). It can repel insects (some common garden pests such as aphids and red spiders do not like the pungent smell of ginger), improve air quality (ginger volatile substances can react chemically with harmful gases in the air, or adsorb some harmful particles), soothe emotions and reduce stress (ginger aroma can stimulate the brain to release endorphins, thereby making people feel relaxed and happy, and reduce anxiety and tension), stimulate appetite, etc. At the same time, ginger plants are easy to maintain and grow quickly, so it is very suitable to use ginger plants for potted needs in modern life. However, traditional ginger is usually used for farmland cultivation and rarely used in ornamental potted plants due to its high plant height and non-compact growth form (due to its extremely high plant height, generally greater than 50cm, it requires a lot of space when used in ornamental potted plants, which greatly wastes office or living areas, resulting in a narrow scope of application and low practicality of ginger potted plants); therefore, there is currently a lack of small-scale potted ginger varieties specifically for ornamental purposes on the market. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the above prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a culture medium for potted ginger, which can provide ginger with the nutrients required for growth and promote the rapid differentiation and appreciation of ginger, while effectively regulating the growth balance of the plant, inhibiting the excessive growth of the ginger plant, maintaining the compactness of the plant, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the plant, thereby providing high-quality and high-purity tissue culture seedlings.

[0004] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for applying a culture medium for potted ginger, wherein the culture medium is used to cultivate potted ginger to obtain ornamental, miniaturized ginger plants.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A culture medium for potted ginger, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises an MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), auxin, gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0006] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the auxin is either indoleacetic acid (IAA) or naphthylacetic acid (NAA).

[0007] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, in the culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8-4.2 g / L, 28-32 g / L, and 5.8-6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, auxin, and gibberellin are A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9-2.1mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L, 0.28-0.32mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48-52ml / L and 0.48-0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8-2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45-0.55 mM and 0.45-0.55 mM respectively.

[0008] Through the synergistic effect of 6-benzyladenine and kinetin KT, it can promote multiple bud differentiation, cooperate with auxin to enhance the development of the root system and gibberellin A 3. Regulate the growth balance of the plant, achieve rapid proliferation and differentiation of the tuber, ensure the height of the tissue culture seedlings is controllable, inhibit steep growth, and improve the quality of rhizome development; through the combination of coconut water and yeast paste, on the premise of promoting cell division and metabolic activity and improving the rapid development of the root system and rhizome, ensure the differentiation balance of the tissue culture seedlings, improve the stem and leaf morphology, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of miniaturized ginger; the antioxidant formed by activated carbon can not only effectively reduce the oxidation of the culture medium and ensure the stability of the root growth environment, but also absorb metabolites and harmful substances, and prolong the effective time of the culture medium; using CaCl 2 and MgSO The trace elements composed of 4 can enhance the plant's resilience and disease resistance, help the root and leaf quality of tissue culture seedlings, and ensure their compact growth shape.

[0009] A method for applying a potted ginger culture medium, comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: selecting buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, cultivating them using the above-mentioned culture medium, and obtaining tissue culture seedlings; Potted cultivation: The obtained tissue culture seedlings are taken out from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to the potted mixed matrix for cultivation; during the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out; Irrigation: Use deionized water for irrigation 2 to 3 times a week; Fertilization: Basic fertilizer (i.e. base fertilizer) is low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20; foliar fertilizer is sprayed every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a water-soluble fertilizer solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%. The ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5 to 12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the substrate to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1 mol / L brassinolide; Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 60%~70%. During the cultivation period, supplementary lighting is used to irradiate the plants.

[0010] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the culture medium cultivation method is specifically as follows: the selected buds or shoot tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 50% to 70%, with 12 hours of light exposure per day (i.e., a 12-hour light cycle and a 12-hour dark cycle per day), and a light intensity of 500 to 700µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹; the early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0011] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the potting mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio between them is 4.5-5.5:6.5-7.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5.

[0012] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the step of obtaining the modified zeolite particles is specifically as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 480 to 520° C. for 1.8 to 2.2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

[0013] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungal inoculant are specifically as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix, and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, which is then dried to make a powdered mycorrhizal fungal inoculant.

[0014] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the steps for obtaining the gelatin sustained-release particles are specifically as follows: the raw materials include gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio between them is: 5.5-6.5: 3.8-4.2: 4.8-5.2: 2.5-3.5: 1.5-2.5; first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and sodium alginate are added in sequence, stirred to make them evenly mixed, and then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with a cross-linking agent, and finally freeze-dried to obtain gelatin sustained-release particles.

[0015] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, pentanediol is used as the cross-linking agent.

[0016] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the fermented soybean meal obtaining steps are specifically as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 50% to 60%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, namely Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus oryzae, is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 28 to 32°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0017] By forming a potted mixed matrix filler with biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, a symbiotic system of "plant-mycorrhiza-matrix" is constructed, which not only enhances the physical stability, adsorption capacity, ion buffering capacity and antioxidant capacity of the matrix, and effectively regulates the supply of water and fertilizer, but also improves the plant's nutrient utilization rate for the matrix, avoids the plant's absorption of harmful substances, ensures the pH value of the matrix (i.e., a weakly acidic environment suitable for ginger growth), ensures a stable nutrient supply to the matrix, stimulates the development of the ginger root system and the accumulation of secondary metabolites (such as aroma components), thereby ensuring the cultivation of miniaturized, ornamental ginger plants.

[0018] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the illumination time of the plants using the supplementary light is 10 hours per day; the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the early stage of cultivation) is 100-150 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage was 150-200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage is 200-300 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0019] The following are the effects of the technical solution of the present invention: The invention adopts a basic culture medium composed of MS culture medium, sucrose and agar, 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), auxin, gibberellin, A 3 and kinetin KT Composition: Plant growth regulators, organic additives consisting of coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants from activated carbon, and CaCl 2 and MgSO 4. The trace elements composed of 4, while promoting cell division and metabolic activities in the ginger tuber and achieving rapid proliferation and differentiation of the ginger tuber, regulate the growth of tissue culture seedlings, promote the differentiation balance of tissue culture seedlings, improve stem and leaf morphology (i.e., promote leaf growth and inhibit rapid stem growth), and strengthen the stress resistance of miniaturized ginger, thereby obtaining ginger tissue culture seedlings with low plant height and compact growth morphology. Afterwards, the tissue culture seedlings are transplanted into a specific potting mixed matrix, and irrigation, fertilization, environmental control and other means are used to obtain miniaturized potted ginger plants. The height of the plant is controlled within 50 cm, and the uniformity and trait stability are excellent. The leaves are dark green, the rhizomes are strong, and the aroma is rich. It is suitable for ornamental potted plants in various regions and has a wide range of applications. The miniaturized ginger obtained by this method can not only be used as an ornamental plant, but also has the medicinal and edible functions of traditional ginger, and is highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of potted ginger prepared by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1: A culture medium for potted ginger, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises an MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0023] In the culture medium: the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8 g / L, 28 g / L, and 5.8 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9mg / L, 0.09mg / L, 0.28mg / L, 0.09mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48ml / L and 0.48g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45 mM and 0.45 mM respectively.

[0024] Embodiment 2: A culture medium for potted ginger, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises an MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0025] In the culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar were 4 g / L, 30 g / L, and 6 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.3mg / L, 0.1mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM respectively.

[0026] Embodiment 3: A culture medium for potted ginger, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises an MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0027] In the culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar were 4.2 g / L, 32 g / L, and 6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2.1mg / L, 0.11mg / L, 0.32mg / L, 0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 52ml / L and 0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.55 mM and 0.55 mM respectively.

[0028] Comparative Example 1: A culture medium, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises an MS medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include zein and yeast extract, antioxidant is activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0029] In the culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar were 4 g / L, 30 g / L, and 6 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and gibberellin A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of zein and yeast extract are 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.3mg / L and 0.1mg / L respectively; the concentrations of zein and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM respectively.

[0030] Comparative Example 2: A culture medium, comprising a basic culture medium, a plant growth regulator, an organic additive, an antioxidant and trace elements, wherein the basic culture medium comprises MS medium (Murashige & Skoog), sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulator comprises 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

[0031] In the culture medium, the concentrations of MS medium, sucrose, and agar were 4 g / L, 30 g / L, and 6 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 2mg / L, 0.1mg / L, 0.1mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 50ml / L and 0.5g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.5 mM and 0.5 mM respectively.

[0032] Embodiment 4: A method for applying a potted ginger culture medium, comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: selecting buds or stem tip tissues of excellent varieties of ginger (i.e. commercially available ginger), and cultivating them using the culture medium of Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, respectively, to obtain tissue culture seedlings (and the tissue culture seedlings are numbered according to the Examples and Comparative Examples); The specific cultivation method is: the selected buds or shoot tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture media of Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, respectively, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 60%, with 12 hours of light exposure per day (i.e., a 12-hour light cycle and a 12-hour dark cycle per day, where the light is natural light), and a light intensity of 600µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹; the early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0033] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio therebetween is 5:7:2:2:2:2:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively; at the same time, biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0034] The specific steps of obtaining the modified zeolite particles are as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 500° C. for 2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

[0035] The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the deposit number of CGMCC No. 10607) as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the mass ratio of sand to soil is 1:1), and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 65%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (conventional drying methods can be used).

[0036] The steps for obtaining gelatin sustained-release particles are as follows: the raw materials include gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio between them is 6:4:5:3:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 20%, 25%, 15%, and 10%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them evenly mixed (using conventional stirring method, only the purpose of evenly mixing the raw materials is required), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (conventional liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with pentanediol cross-linking agent, and finally freeze-dried (using conventional freeze-drying process).

[0037] The specific steps of obtaining fermented soybean meal are as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 55%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 30°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0038] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out; Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on a potting container with a diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.15% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the substrate to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 65%. During the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary lighting (a combination of red and blue light can be used). The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day). The light intensity during the seedling stage (i.e., the initial stage of cultivation, 0-45 days) is 125µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (45-120 days) was 175 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0039] Embodiment 5: A method for applying a potted ginger culture medium, comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: selecting buds or stem tip tissues of excellent varieties of ginger (i.e. commercially available ginger), and cultivating them using the culture medium in Example 2 to obtain tissue culture seedlings; The specific cultivation method is: the selected buds or shoot tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium of Example 2, respectively, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 50%, with 12 hours of light exposure per day (i.e., a 12-hour light cycle and a 12-hour dark cycle per day, where the light is natural light), and a light intensity of 500µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹; the early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0040] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio therebetween is 4.5:6.5:1.8:2.5:2.2:2.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 22.5%, 32.5%, 9%, 12.5%, 11% and 12.5%, respectively; at the same time, the biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0041] The specific steps of obtaining the modified zeolite particles are as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 480° C. for 2.2 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

[0042] The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the deposit number of CGMCC No. 10607) as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the mass ratio of sand to soil is 1:1), and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 60%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (conventional drying methods can be used).

[0043] The steps for obtaining gelatin sustained-release particles are as follows: the raw materials include gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio between them is: 6:3.8:5.2:2.5:2.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 19%, 26%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them evenly mixed (using conventional stirring method, only the purpose of evenly mixing the raw materials is required), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (conventional liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with pentanediol cross-linking agent, and finally freeze-dried (conventional freeze-drying process can be used).

[0044] The specific steps of obtaining fermented soybean meal are as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 50%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 28°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0045] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out; Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on a potting container with a diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.1% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the substrate to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 60%; during the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary lighting (a combination of red and blue light can be used). The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day); the light intensity during the seedling stage (i.e., the initial stage of cultivation, 0-45 days) is 100µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (46-120 days) was 150 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0046] Embodiment 6: A method for applying a potted ginger culture medium, comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: selecting buds or stem tip tissues of excellent varieties of ginger (i.e. commercially available ginger), and cultivating them using the culture medium in Example 2 to obtain tissue culture seedlings; The specific cultivation method is: the selected buds or shoot tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium of Example 2, respectively, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 70%, with 12 hours of light exposure per day (i.e., a 12-hour light cycle and a 12-hour dark cycle per day, where the light is natural light), and a light intensity of 700µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹; the early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

[0047] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio therebetween is 5.5:7.5:2.2:1.5:1.8:1.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 27.5%, 37.5%, 11%, 7.5%, 9% and 7.5%, respectively; at the same time, the biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0048] The specific steps of obtaining the modified zeolite particles are as follows: natural zeolite particles are calcined at a high temperature of 520° C. for 1.8 hours to achieve physical activation and obtain modified zeolite particles.

[0049] The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (for example, the strain with the preservation number of CGMCC No.10607) as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix (the mass ratio of sand to soil is 1:1), and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 70%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant (conventional drying methods can be used).

[0050] The steps for obtaining gelatin sustained-release particles are as follows: the raw materials include gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio between them is: 6:4.2:4.8:3.5:1.5 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of gelatin, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, and sodium alginate are 30%, 21%, 24%, 17.5%, and 7.5%, respectively); first, gelatin is dissolved in deionized water at 60°C, and urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and sodium alginate are added in sequence, and stirred to make them evenly mixed (using conventional stirring method, only the purpose of evenly mixing the raw materials is required), then, the mixed solution is quickly cooled by liquid nitrogen (conventional liquid nitrogen in the art can be used) to form particles, the frozen particles are treated with pentanediol cross-linking agent, and finally freeze-dried (using conventional freeze-drying process).

[0051] The specific steps of obtaining fermented soybean meal are as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 60%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Aspergillus oryzae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 3.13905), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 32°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0052] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out; Irrigation: Deionized water is used for irrigation 2-3 times a week (the amount of deionized water used each time is determined according to the size of the potting container. For example, in this embodiment, the diameter of the potting container is 25 cm, and the amount of deionized water used each time is 200-300 ml / pot); Fertilization: The basic fertilizer (i.e., base fertilizer) uses a low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20 (based on a potting container diameter of 25 cm, the amount of basic fertilizer is 100g); foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a 0.2% water-soluble fertilizer solution (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 50-100ml), and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the middle and late stages (5-12 weeks) is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the substrate to avoid osmotic stress caused by fertilizer salt accumulation; at the same time, regularly spray 0.1mol / L brassinolide (spray brassinolide once every two weeks); Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity (RH) is controlled at 70%; during the cultivation period, the plants are illuminated by supplementary lighting (a combination of red and blue light can be used). The daily illumination time is 10h (i.e., 10h light cycle and 14h dark cycle per day); the light intensity in the seedling stage (i.e., the initial stage of cultivation, 0-45 days) is 150µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage (46-120 days) was 200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage (after 120 days) was 300 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

[0053] Comparative Example 3: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: Bud or stem tip tissue of an excellent variety of ginger (i.e., commercially available ginger) is selected and cultivated using the culture medium of Example 2 to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the specific cultivation method is the same as the cultivation method in Example 4.

[0054] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio among them is 5:7:2:2:2:2:2 (in this comparative example, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively; at the same time, biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0055] The steps for obtaining modified zeolite particles are the same as those in Example 4; The specific steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are as follows: using Acaulospora laevis (for example, the strain with the preservation number BEG140, International Collection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) as the main mycorrhizal fungus, using red clover to propagate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the propagation matrix, the inoculation amount is calculated as 3% to 5% of the propagation matrix by weight, and finally the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant is obtained; the propagation matrix is ​​obtained by mixing river sand and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and then sterilizing them.

[0056] The steps for obtaining the gelatin sustained-release particles are the same as those in Example 4; The steps for obtaining fermented soybean meal are the same as those in Example 4.

[0057] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed; wherein, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are all consistent with those in Example 4.

[0058] Comparative Example 4: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: Bud or stem tip tissue of an excellent variety of ginger (i.e., commercially available ginger) is selected and cultivated using the culture medium of Example 2 to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the specific cultivation method is the same as the cultivation method in Example 4.

[0059] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio therebetween is 5:7:2:2:2:2:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively; at the same time, the biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0060] The steps for obtaining modified zeolite particles are the same as those in Example 4; The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are the same as those in Example 4; Urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer granules can be conventional urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer granules in the art or commercially available products; The steps for obtaining fermented soybean meal are the same as those in Example 4.

[0061] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed; wherein, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are all consistent with those in Example 4.

[0062] Comparative Example 5: A ginger cultivation method comprising: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: Bud or stem tip tissue of an excellent variety of ginger (i.e., commercially available ginger) is selected and cultivated using the culture medium of Example 2 to obtain tissue culture seedlings; the specific cultivation method is the same as the cultivation method in Example 4.

[0063] Potted cultivation: the obtained tissue culture seedlings are removed from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to a potted mixed matrix for cultivation; the potted mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio therebetween is 5:7:2:2:2:2:2 (in this embodiment, the mass fractions of biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose are 25%, 35%, 10%, 10%, 10%, 10%, and 10%, respectively; at the same time, biochar particles and graphene-modified cellulose can be existing products).

[0064] The steps for obtaining modified zeolite particles are the same as those in Example 4; The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are the same as those in Example 4; The steps for obtaining the gelatin sustained-release particles are the same as those in Example 4; The specific steps of obtaining fermented soybean meal are as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 55%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.15792), Lactobacillus plantarum (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 1.16089) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (for example, a strain with a preservation number of CGMCC 2.3973), is inoculated in a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 30°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0065] During the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are performed; wherein, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are all consistent with those in Example 4.

[0066] The appearance results of the potted plants obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 are shown in the following table:

[0067] It can be seen from the above table that: by using the specific culture medium in this embodiment to culture the ginger tuber, ginger tissue culture seedlings with low plant height and compact growth morphology can be obtained; by using a specific mixed matrix, combined with irrigation, fertilization, environmental control and other means, the uniformity and trait stability of the plants can be effectively ensured while controlling the height of the ginger plants.

Claims

1. A culture medium for potted ginger, characterized in that: It includes basic culture medium, plant growth regulators, organic additives, antioxidants and trace elements. The basic culture medium includes MS culture medium, sucrose and agar, and the plant growth regulators include 6-benzyladenine, auxin, gibberellin A 3 and kinetin KT , organic additives include coconut water and yeast extract, antioxidants are activated carbon, trace elements are CaCl 2 and MgSO 4.

2. The culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxin is either indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid.

3. A culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the culture medium, the concentrations of MS culture medium, sucrose, and agar are 3.8-4.2 g / L, 28-32 g / L, and 5.8-6.2 g / L, respectively; 6-benzyladenine, auxin, and gibberellin are A 3. Kinetin KT The concentrations of are: 1.9-2.1mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L, 0.28-0.32mg / L, 0.09-0.11mg / L; the concentrations of coconut water and yeast extract are 48-52ml / L and 0.48-0.52g / L respectively; the concentration of activated carbon is 1.8-2.2g / L; CaCl 2. MgSO The concentrations of 4 were 0.45-0.55 mM and 0.45-0.55 mM respectively.

4. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: Cultivation of tissue culture seedlings: Select buds or stem tip tissues of excellent ginger varieties, and cultivate them in a culture medium for potted ginger to obtain tissue culture seedlings; Potted cultivation: The obtained tissue culture seedlings are taken out from the culture medium, the culture medium is washed off, and then transferred to the potted mixed matrix for cultivation; during the cultivation process, irrigation, fertilization and environmental regulation are carried out; Irrigation: Use deionized water for irrigation 2 to 3 times a week; Fertilization: Basic fertilizer is low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, high-potassium compound fertilizer, and the ratio of NPK in the compound fertilizer is 5:15:20; foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every two weeks, and the foliar fertilizer uses a water-soluble fertilizer solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%. The ratio of NPK in the foliar fertilizer in the first four weeks of growth is 10:15:15, and the ratio of NPK in the middle and late stages is 5:10:20; in addition, stop applying foliar fertilizer in the last week of each month, and use deionized water to rinse the substrate; at the same time, regularly spray brassinolide at a concentration of 0.1 mol / L; Environmental control: During the cultivation process, the daytime temperature is controlled at 26±2℃, the nighttime temperature is controlled at 20±2℃, and the relative humidity is controlled at 60%~70%. During the cultivation period, supplementary lighting is used to illuminate the plants.

5. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The culture medium cultivation method is specifically as follows: the selected buds or shoot tip tissues are inoculated onto the culture medium, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 24±2°C and a humidity of 50% to 70%, with 12 hours of light exposure per day and a light intensity of 500 to 700µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹; the early differentiation stage is cultured for 4 to 6 weeks, and the late root induction stage is cultured for 4 weeks.

6. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The potting mixed matrix includes biochar particles, modified zeolite particles, mycorrhizal fungi inoculants, gelatin slow-release particles, fermented soybean meal and graphene-modified cellulose, and the mass ratio of the biochar particles is 4.5-5.5:6.5-7.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.5:1.8-2.2:1.5-2.

5.

7. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the mycorrhizal fungus inoculant are specifically as follows: using the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices as the main mycorrhizal fungus, inoculating the fungal spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and the symbiotic plants of the alfalfa root segments in a sterilized sandy soil matrix, and culturing for 6 weeks in an environment with a temperature of 25° C. and a humidity of 60% to 70%; during the culturing process, regularly detecting the fungal spore density; after the culturing, filtering and separating the sandy soil containing the fungal spores to obtain a high-concentration spore suspension, and then drying to prepare a powdered mycorrhizal fungus inoculant.

8. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining fermented soybean meal are as follows: first, the soybean meal is crushed and its moisture is adjusted to 50% to 60%; then, a microbial combination consisting of three microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus oryzae, is inoculated at a ratio of 1:1:2, and fermented at a temperature of 28 to 32°C for 7 days, during which the pile is turned regularly and the ammonia nitrogen and pH value of the pile are measured every two days to ensure uniform fermentation.

9. The method for using a culture medium for potted ginger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light intensity of the plant during the seedling stage was 100-150 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity during the differentiation stage was 150-200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light intensity in the later development stage is 200-300 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 .

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