Comprehensive treatment device for solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment device for solid wastes. The comprehensive treatment device mainly comprises key components such as a tunnel drying box, a sorting system, a material crushing table and a pyrolysis tower, the tunnel drying box achieves drying of input solid waste and tail gas purification through a hot air pipe and a negative pressure suction strip, and the environment-friendly requirement in the treatment process is guaranteed. The sorting system is composed of a light material sorting conveyor, a heavy material sorting conveyor and an air blowing sorting strip, and waste is accurately classified. The material crushing table is provided with a plurality of extrusion conveying rollers and pressing and cutting strips and used for crushing the sorted waste, and better conditions are provided for the subsequent pyrolysis process. The solid waste is finally pyrolyzed into valuable liquid fuel, combustible gas and solid carbon materials through the pyrolysis tower, and high-temperature flue gas is generated by combusting the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis in the sealed combustion box to provide heat required by pyrolysis. Finally, emission of harmful substances is greatly reduced, and carbon emission is reduced by fixing carbon through solid carbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid organic matter treatment, and relates to a solid waste comprehensive treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and the growth of population, the amount of solid waste generated has increased year by year, becoming a major challenge in the field of environmental management and resource protection. Solid waste covers many types of garbage, including urban domestic garbage, industrial waste residues and construction waste, among which solid organic matter accounts for a considerable proportion. These organic wastes mainly come from daily life, agricultural activities and food processing industries, and have high potential value. If they can be effectively treated and utilized, they can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also achieve the recycling of resources and promote sustainable development.

[0003] At present, the treatment methods for solid waste mainly include two traditional methods: landfill and incineration. Landfill treatment relies on the degradation of microorganisms under natural conditions to gradually decompose organic matter, but this process is extremely slow and often takes years or even decades to complete, occupying a large amount of valuable land resources during the process. In addition, due to incomplete degradation, leachate may pollute groundwater, and the methane gas produced in an anaerobic environment is a potent greenhouse gas, further exacerbating the impact of climate change.

[0004] In contrast, although incineration can significantly reduce the volume of waste in a relatively short period of time, it also has significant problems. The incineration process not only produces a large amount of harmful gases, such as dioxins, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, which pose a threat to air quality and human health; but also releases a large amount of carbon dioxide during the combustion process, increasing carbon emissions and thus exacerbating the greenhouse effect. More importantly, whether it is landfill or incineration, these two methods cannot effectively recycle solid waste and cannot give full play to the energy and material value contained in solid organic waste. In view of the limitations of the above-mentioned traditional treatment methods, it is particularly urgent to explore more environmentally friendly and efficient solid organic matter treatment technologies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste comprehensive treatment device, which adopts classified pyrolysis to comprehensively treat solid organic matter, convert the waste into valuable liquid fuel, combustible gas and solid carbon material, greatly reducing the emission of harmful substances and reducing carbon emissions.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a solid waste comprehensive treatment device, comprising a tunnel drying box, wherein a feed port and a discharge port are respectively provided at both ends of the tunnel drying box, a feed conveyor is arranged in the tunnel drying box, and both ends of the feed conveyor pass through the feed port and the discharge port respectively, a hot air pipe is arranged in the tunnel drying box above the feed conveyor along its length direction, the hot air pipe is connected with a plurality of air outlet strips arranged along its length direction and open at the lower end, a negative pressure suction strip with an open lower end is arranged above the hot air pipe in the tunnel drying box, a negative pressure pump and an exhaust gas purifier are installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box, the inlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected with the negative pressure suction strip through a negative pressure pipe, the outlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected with the inlet end of the exhaust gas purifier through an exhaust pipe, and the outlet end of the exhaust gas purifier is connected with an exhaust pipe;

[0007] A light material sorting conveyor and a heavy material sorting conveyor are arranged in an upper and lower distribution at one end of the feed conveyor extending out of the discharge port, and the heavy material sorting conveyor is located below the light material sorting conveyor and the feed conveyor. A blowing sorting strip is arranged below the feed conveyor at one end of the tunnel drying box, and the blowing sorting strip opens toward the outlet end of the feed conveyor. A sorting blower is installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box, and the outlet end of the sorting blower is connected to the blowing sorting strip through a blower pipe. A light plastic conveyor and a light organic matter conveyor are arranged outwardly on one side of the light material sorting conveyor, and a metal conveyor, a heavy plastic conveyor and a heavy organic matter conveyor are arranged outwardly on one side of the heavy material sorting conveyor. The heavy plastic conveyor and the light plastic conveyor are arranged up and down, and the heavy organic matter conveyor and the light organic matter conveyor are arranged up and down;

[0008] A material crushing table is provided at the free end of the heavy plastic conveyor and the heavy organic matter conveyor, the inlet end of each material crushing table is connected to a conveying channel, the inlet end of each conveying channel is connected to the outlet end of the heavy plastic conveyor and the outlet end of the light plastic conveyor or to the outlet end of the heavy organic matter conveyor and the outlet end of the light organic matter conveyor, the upper end of each material crushing table is rotatably connected to a plurality of extrusion conveying rollers which are arranged transversely and arranged side by side along the length direction thereof, the outer periphery of each extrusion conveying roller is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed pressing and cutting strips, and a conveying motor for driving the extrusion conveying roller to rotate is installed on each material crushing table;

[0009] A pyrolysis tower is arranged at the free end of each material crushing table, a feed port is arranged at the upper end of each pyrolysis tower, a feeding conveyor is arranged between each feed port and the free end of the corresponding material crushing table, each pyrolysis tower is divided into a pyrolysis chamber located at the upper part and an oil storage chamber located at the lower part, an oil outlet pipe connected to the bottom of the oil storage chamber is connected to the bottom of each pyrolysis tower, a valve is arranged on each oil outlet pipe, the bottom of each pyrolysis chamber is a mesh permeation support plate connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber, a permeation pipe is arranged vertically in the middle of each pyrolysis chamber, a plurality of permeation holes are opened on the outer periphery of each permeation pipe, the lower end of each permeation pipe is connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber through an oil guide pipe, a gas storage tank is arranged outside each pyrolysis tower, and the upper end of each permeation pipe is connected to the corresponding gas storage tank through an air guide pipe;

[0010] A sealed combustion box is arranged outside each pyrolysis tower, each gas storage tank is connected to the sealed combustion box through a gas pipe, an air intake blower is arranged outside each sealed combustion box, the outlet end of each air intake blower is connected to the corresponding sealed combustion box, an electronic spark plug is arranged inside each sealed combustion box, a heating chamber is arranged outside the corresponding pyrolysis chamber position of each pyrolysis tower, each heating chamber is connected to the outlet end of the corresponding sealed combustion box, each pyrolysis tower is connected to a discharge channel connected to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber, the upper end of each pyrolysis chamber is connected to the hot air pipe through an insulated smoke conveying pipe, a discharge port is arranged at the free end of each discharge channel, a spiral feed rod extending to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber is rotatably connected in each discharge channel, and a discharge motor for driving the corresponding spiral feed rod to rotate is installed at the free end of each discharge channel.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, solid waste is first evenly placed on the feed conveyor, so that it enters the tunnel drying box along the feed conveyor, and the hot air blown out from the air outlet strip in the tunnel drying box gradually heats and dries the solid waste, and the high-humidity exhaust gas in the tunnel drying box is continuously discharged into the exhaust gas evolver through the negative pressure suction strip, and discharged after being purified;

[0012] The dried solid waste is air-sorted at the end of the feed conveyor through the air-blowing sorting strip, so that the lighter materials are blown onto the light material sorting conveyor, and the heavier materials fall onto the heavy material sorting conveyor. They are further sorted, and the lighter plastics enter the light plastic conveyor, the lighter organic matter enters the light organic matter conveyor, the metal enters the metal conveyor, the heavier plastics enter the heavy plastic conveyor, and the heavier organic matter enters the heavy organic matter conveyor, thus realizing the classification of metals, plastics and organic matter.

[0013] Light plastics and heavy plastics are mixed on the material crushing table after passing through the conveying channel, and light organic matter and heavy organic matter are mixed on the material crushing table after passing through the conveying channel. On the material crushing table, the extrusion conveying roller not only conveys the material forward during rotation, but also presses and cuts the material through the pressing and cutting strips. The pressing and cutting strips in opposite spiral directions cooperate to gradually press and cut the material into crushed material, which is then conveyed to the feeding barrel through the feeding conveyor.

[0014] The crushed materials are then transported to the pyrolysis chamber by the feeding motor driving the spiral feeding rod in the feeding barrel, so that the crushed materials in the pyrolysis chamber are gradually accumulated, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion in the sealed combustion box enters the heating chamber (the first time the gas is introduced into the sealed combustion box for combustion), and gradually rises in the heating chamber to heat the crushed materials in the pyrolysis chamber to make them pyrolyzed (plastics and organic matter require different pyrolysis temperatures, and the two pyrolysis chambers are controlled to perform pyrolysis at different temperatures). The flue gas after passing through the heating chamber still retains a certain amount of heat, and then the hot smoke is introduced into the hot air pipe through the heat-insulating smoke conveying pipe, and the residual heat of the flue gas is used to heat and dry the solid waste;

[0015] After pyrolysis, the crushed materials are decomposed into liquid fuel, combustible gas and solid carbon material. The liquid fuel and combustible gas continuously penetrate into the permeation tube, and the combustible gas is introduced into the gas storage tank through the air guide pipe at the upper part of the permeation tube. The liquid fuel flows into the oil storage cavity through the oil guide pipe, and the liquid fuel in the pyrolysis cavity also flows into the oil storage cavity through the mesh permeation support plate, while the solid carbon at the bottom is slowly discharged from the discharge port through the spiral feeding rod. The combustible gas in the gas storage tank is introduced into the sealed combustion box through the gas pipe, and then air and gas are introduced into the sealed combustion box through the air intake blower to mix, so that it can be ignited and burned in the sealed combustion box to produce high-temperature flue gas.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: a light material sorting rack is arranged above the light material sorting conveyor, two light material push conveyors corresponding to the light plastic conveyor and the light organic matter conveyor are installed on the light material sorting rack, and the conveyor belt of each light material push conveyor is provided with two push strips arranged at equal intervals outwardly, and the light material sorting rack is provided with an AI intelligent recognition camera arranged downward near the feeding conveyor;

[0017] A heavy material sorting rack is arranged above the heavy material sorting conveyor and below the light material sorting conveyor, and three heavy material pushing conveyors are installed on the heavy material sorting rack, which are respectively coordinated with the metal conveyor, the heavy plastic conveyor and the heavy organic matter conveyor. The conveyor belt of each heavy material pushing conveyor is provided with two push plates arranged at equal intervals outwardly, and a metal detector and an AI intelligent recognition camera are installed downward on the heavy material sorting rack near the feed conveyor, and a near-infrared spectrometer and an AI intelligent recognition camera are arranged downward on the heavy material sorting rack between the metal conveyor and the heavy plastic conveyor.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: each conveying channel is provided with two guide channels which are distributed up and down and are both arranged downwards toward the extrusion conveying roller.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: a transmission pulley is provided at one end of each extrusion conveying roller, a plurality of conveying motors are installed corresponding to the extrusion conveying rollers, a power output shaft of each conveying motor is connected to a driving pulley corresponding to the transmission pulley, and each driving pulley is driven by a belt to the corresponding transmission pulley.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: each material crushing table is inclined downward toward the corresponding feeding conveyor, the pressing strips on each extrusion conveying roller are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spiral directions of the pressing strips on each two adjacent extrusion conveying rollers are opposite.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: a feed barrel connected to a corresponding feed port is provided at the upper end of each pyrolysis tower, one side of each feed barrel is connected to a receiving trough located below the upper end of a corresponding loading conveyor, a feed pipe extending downwardly into the corresponding pyrolysis tower is provided at the bottom of each feed barrel, a feed motor is installed at the upper end of each feed barrel, and a power output shaft of each feed motor is downwardly connected to a spiral feed rod extending into the corresponding feed pipe.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of spiral guide fins which rise in a spiral are arranged in each heating chamber.

[0023] The present invention is further configured as follows: each gas pipe is provided with a solenoid valve.

[0024] The present invention is further configured as follows: a granulating cylinder is arranged below each discharge port, a slag inlet corresponding to the corresponding discharge port is arranged at the upper end of each granulating cylinder, a plurality of pelletizing holes are opened at the bottom of each granulating cylinder, the inner diameter of each pelletizing hole is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside each granulating cylinder, a driving motor for driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate is installed at the upper end of each granulating cylinder, a plurality of circumferentially distributed downward pressing blades are arranged outside each rotating shaft, the lower side of each downward pressing blade contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder and bends in the same direction, the lower end of each rotating shaft extends downwardly from the bottom of the granulating cylinder, a plurality of scrapers are connected to the bottom of each scraper, and each scraper contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, the solid carbon eventually falls into the pelletizing cylinder, and the downward pressing blade is driven by the driving motor in the pelletizing cylinder to rotate, and the added solid carbon is continuously pressed down into the pelletizing hole, so that the solid residue is gradually formed under the downward pressure and passes through the lower end of the pelletizing hole. Finally, the strip-shaped carbon residue squeezed out of the pelletizing hole is scraped off by the rotating scraper, and finally granular carbon particles are formed. Carbon particles made of plastic can be used for activated carbon, building materials, soil conditioners, industrial fillers, etc. Carbon particles made of organic matter are biochar, which is a high-quality soil conditioner and can also be used for adsorption fillers, activated carbon, etc.

[0026] The present invention is further configured as follows: the bottom of each granulation cylinder is formed by a plurality of layer plates stacked from bottom to top, a plurality of through holes are opened through each layer plate, the through holes on each layer plate are connected one by one, and the inner diameter of the through holes on the layer plates from top to bottom gradually decreases, and the through holes connected from top to bottom form a pelletizing hole.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] First, the present invention adopts pyrolysis treatment on plastics and organic matter after effectively classifying solid waste, so as to decompose them into valuable liquid fuel, combustible gas and solid carbon material, which greatly reduces the emission of harmful substances. Compared with direct combustion, a large amount of carbon is fixed in the solid carbon, which can effectively reduce carbon emissions.

[0029] Secondly, the present invention first uses wind selection to separate lighter materials from heavier materials, and then uses AI intelligent recognition cameras and metal detectors to accurately identify the materials. After classification, it can effectively classify solid waste into metals, plastics and organic matter, which is convenient for subsequent processing;

[0030] Third, when the pyrolysis tower of the present invention is performing pyrolysis, the liquid fuel and combustible gas generated by it can penetrate into the permeation tube, and the liquid fuel is introduced into the oil storage cavity through the permeation tube, and the gas fuel is introduced into the gas storage tank, so as to realize the effective separation of solid, liquid and gas, and by adding a sufficient amount of crushed materials into the feed barrel, the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis cavity can be effectively prevented from overflowing from the feed barrel;

[0031] Fourthly, the present invention burns the combustible gas generated after pyrolysis to generate high-temperature flue gas, and uses the high-temperature flue gas to heat the pyrolysis chamber to pyrolyze the crushed materials in the pyrolysis chamber. At the same time, the heated hot flue gas is introduced into the tunnel drying box, and the waste heat of the flue gas is used to heat and dry the solid waste, so as to make full use of the heat generated by the combustion and improve the thermal efficiency of the system.

[0032] Fifth, after the solid waste is pyrolyzed, the solid carbon particles produced are squeezed out by applying pressure layer by layer, and then scraped off with a scraper to form carbon particles that are more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view used to show the internal structure of the tunnel drying box;

[0035] Figure 3 Equipment for demonstrating the automatic classification stage;

[0036] Figure 4 Used to display the metal detector and AI smart recognition camera above the heavy material sorting conveyor;

[0037] Figure 5 Mainly used to display the extrusion conveyor roller on the material crushing table;

[0038] Figure 6 Used to show the connection structure of the pyrolysis tower;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the spiral guide fins in the heating chamber;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view used to show the internal structure of the pyrolysis tower;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional view used to show the internal structure of the granulating cylinder.

[0042] Among them, 1. Drying box; 2. Feed conveyor; 3. Hot air pipe; 4. Air outlet strip; 5. Negative pressure suction strip; 6. Negative pressure pump; 7. Exhaust purifier; 8. Exhaust pipe; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. Light material sorting conveyor; 11. Heavy material sorting conveyor; 12. Blowing sorting strip; 13. Sorting blower; 14. Blowing pipe; 15. Light plastic conveyor; 16. Light organic conveyor; 17. Metal conveyor; 18. Heavy plastic conveyor; 19. Heavy organic matter conveyor; 20. Light material sorting rack; 21. Light material push conveyor; 22. Push bar; 23. AI intelligent recognition camera; 24. Heavy material sorting rack; 25. Heavy material push conveyor; 26. Push plate; 27. Metal detector; 28. Material crushing table; 29. ​​Conveying channel; 30. Guide channel; 31. Extrusion conveying roller; 32. Pressing and cutting strip; 33. Conveying motor; 34 , drive pulley; 35, drive pulley; 36, pyrolysis tower; 37, feeding conveyor; 38, feeding barrel; 39, receiving trough; 40, feeding pipe; 41, feeding motor; 42, spiral feeding rod; 43, pyrolysis chamber; 44, oil storage chamber; 45, oil outlet pipe; 46, valve; 47, mesh penetration support plate; 48, penetration pipe; 49, oil guide pipe; 50, gas storage tank; 51, gas guide pipe; 52, sealed combustion box; 5 3. Gas pipe; 54. Solenoid valve; 55. Intake blower; 56. Electronic spark plug; 57. Heating chamber; 58. Spiral guide fins; 59. Insulated smoke conveying pipe; 60. Discharge channel; 61. Discharge port; 62. Spiral feed rod; 63. Discharge motor; 64. Granulating cylinder; 65. Slag inlet; 66. Layer plate; 67. Granulating hole; 68. Rotating shaft; 69. Driving motor; 70. Down-pressing blade; 71. Scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is a further detailed description of a solid waste comprehensive treatment device proposed by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer based on the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. The same or similar reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent the same or similar components.

[0044] Example, see Figure 1-9A comprehensive treatment device for solid waste includes a tunnel drying box 1, wherein a feed port and a discharge port are respectively provided at both ends of the tunnel drying box 1, a feed conveyor 2 is arranged in the tunnel drying box 1, and both ends of the feed conveyor 2 pass through the feed port and the discharge port respectively, and a hot air pipe 3 is arranged in the tunnel drying box 1 above the feed conveyor 2 along its length direction, and the hot air pipe 3 is connected to a plurality of air outlet strips 4 arranged along its length direction and opened at the lower end, and hot air is blown downward to the feed conveyor 2 through the air outlet strips 4 to reduce the moisture content of the solid waste on the feed conveyor 2. A negative pressure suction strip 5 with an open lower end is arranged above the hot air pipe 3 in the tunnel drying box 1. A negative pressure pump 6 and an exhaust gas purifier 7 are installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box 1. The inlet end of the negative pressure pump 6 is connected to the negative pressure suction strip 5 through a negative pressure pipe (not shown), which is used to extract the high-humidity gas generated in the tunnel drying box 1. The outlet end of the negative pressure pump 6 is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust gas purifier 7 through an exhaust pipe 8. The outlet end of the exhaust gas purifier 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe 9. The exhaust gas purifier 7 can use an existing purifier, so the present invention does not elaborate on the structure of the exhaust gas purifier in detail.

[0045] At one end of the feed conveyor 2 extending out of the discharge port, a light material sorting conveyor 10 and a heavy material sorting conveyor 11 are arranged in an upper and lower distribution. The heavy material sorting conveyor 11 is located below the light material sorting conveyor 10 and the feed conveyor 2. At one end of the tunnel drying box 1, a blowing sorting strip 12 is arranged below the feed conveyor 2. The blowing sorting strip 12 opens toward the outlet end of the feed conveyor 2. A sorting blower 13 is installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box 1. The outlet end of the sorting blower 13 is connected to the blowing sorting strip 12 through a blast pipe 14. The airflow blown out by the blowing sorting strip 12 blows the lighter materials in the organic waste upward so that they can fall onto the light material sorting conveyor 10 above, while the heavier solid materials fall downward onto the heavy material sorting conveyor 11. A light plastic conveyor 15 and a light organic matter conveyor 16 are arranged outwardly on one side of the light material sorting conveyor 10, and a metal conveyor 17, a heavy plastic conveyor 18 and a heavy organic matter conveyor 19 are arranged outwardly on one side of the heavy material sorting conveyor 11. The heavy plastic conveyor 18 and the light plastic conveyor 15 are arranged up and down, and the heavy organic matter conveyor 19 and the light organic matter conveyor 16 are arranged up and down.

[0046] A light material sorting rack 20 is arranged above the light material sorting conveyor 10, and two light material push conveyors 21 corresponding to the light plastic conveyor 15 and the light organic conveyor 16 are installed on the light material sorting rack 20. The conveyor belt of each light material push conveyor 21 is provided with two push strips 22 arranged at equal intervals outward. The materials on the light material sorting conveyor 10 are pushed to the light plastic conveyor 15 or the light organic conveyor 16 by the push strips 22 to achieve the separation of light plastic and light organic. A downwardly arranged AI intelligent recognition camera 23 is installed on the light material sorting rack 20 near the feed conveyor 2. The AI ​​intelligent recognition camera 23 shoots the passing materials, automatically identifies the types according to the shape, color, reflection and other characteristics of the materials, and then classifies them to the corresponding conveyors by using the push strips 22.

[0047] A heavy material sorting rack 24 is arranged above the heavy material sorting conveyor 11 and below the light material sorting conveyor 10. Three heavy material push conveyors 11 are installed on the heavy material sorting rack 24, which are respectively matched with the metal conveyor 17, the heavy plastic conveyor 18 and the heavy organic conveyor 19. The conveyor belt of each heavy material push conveyor 11 is provided with two push plates 26 arranged at equal intervals outward. The push plates 26 are used to push the materials on the heavy material sorting conveyor 11 to the metal conveyor 17, the heavy plastic conveyor 18 or the heavy organic conveyor 19 to realize the classification of metals, plastics and organics. The heavy material sorting rack 24 is installed with a metal detector 27 and an AI intelligent recognition camera 23 installed downwardly near the feed conveyor 2. The metal detector 27 cooperates with the AI ​​intelligent recognition camera 23 to accurately identify metals and classify them onto the metal conveyor 17, so that the metals can be effectively recycled. The heavy material sorting rack 24 is provided with an AI intelligent recognition camera 23 downwardly between the metal conveyor 17 and the heavy plastic conveyor 18. With the cooperation of the AI ​​intelligent recognition camera 23, plastics can be effectively identified, which facilitates the classification of plastics.

[0048] A material crushing table 28 is provided at the free end of the heavy plastic conveyor 18 and the heavy organic matter conveyor 19. The inlet end of each material crushing table 28 is connected to a conveying channel 29. Two guide channels 30 are provided in each conveying channel 29, which are distributed up and down and are both downwardly arranged in the direction of the extrusion conveying roller 31. The inlet end of each guide channel 30 is respectively connected to the outlet end of the heavy plastic conveyor 18, the outlet end of the light plastic conveyor 15, the outlet end of the heavy organic matter conveyor 19 or the outlet end of the light organic matter conveyor 16. Each material crushing table 28 is inclined downwardly away from the conveying channel 29.

[0049] The upper end of each material crushing table 28 is rotatably connected to three extrusion conveying rollers 31 which are arranged horizontally and arranged side by side along the length direction thereof. The outer circumference of each extrusion conveying roller 31 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed pressing strips 32. The pressing strips 32 on each extrusion conveying roller 31 are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spiral directions of the pressing strips 32 on each two adjacent extrusion conveying rollers 31 are opposite. During the rotation process, the extrusion conveying roller 31 can not only convey the material forward, but also press and cut the material through the pressing strips 32, and the pressing strips 32 with opposite spiral directions cooperate to gradually press and cut the material into fragments. Three conveying motors 33 corresponding to the extrusion conveying rollers 31 are installed on each material crushing table 28. A driving belt pulley 34 is arranged at one end of each extrusion conveying roller 31. The power output shaft of each conveying motor 33 is connected to a driving belt pulley 35 corresponding to the driving belt pulley 34. A belt is driven between each driving belt pulley 35 and the corresponding driving belt pulley 34.

[0050] A pyrolysis tower 36 is provided at the free end of each material crushing table 28, and a feed port (not shown) is provided at the upper end of each pyrolysis tower 36. A feeding conveyor 37 is provided between each feed port and the free end of the corresponding material crushing table 28, and a feeding barrel 38 connected to the corresponding feed port is provided at the upper end of each pyrolysis tower 36. One side of each feeding barrel 38 is connected to a receiving trough 39 located below the upper end of the corresponding feeding conveyor 37. A feeding pipe 40 extending into the corresponding pyrolysis tower 36 is provided downward at the bottom of each feeding barrel 38, and a feeding motor 41 is installed at the upper end of each feeding barrel 38. The power output shaft of each feeding motor 41 is downwardly connected to a spiral feeding rod 42 extending into the corresponding feeding pipe 40. When enough material is accumulated in the feeding barrel 38, the feeding port can be effectively sealed to prevent the flammable gas generated in the pyrolysis tower 36 from leaking out.

[0051] Each pyrolysis tower 36 is divided into a pyrolysis chamber 43 at the top and an oil storage chamber 44 at the bottom. The bottom of each pyrolysis tower 36 is connected to an oil outlet pipe 45 that is in communication with the bottom of the oil storage chamber 44 . A valve 46 is provided on each oil outlet pipe 45 . The bottom of each pyrolysis chamber 43 is a mesh permeable support plate 47 connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber 44. A permeable tube 48 is vertically arranged in the middle of each pyrolysis chamber 43. A plurality of permeable holes are opened on the outer periphery of each permeable tube 48 to facilitate the liquid fuel and combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis process to enter the permeable tube 48. The lower end of each permeable tube 48 is connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber 44 through an oil guide tube 49, so that the liquid fuel at the bottom of the permeable tube 48 is introduced into the oil storage chamber 44. A gas storage tank 50 is arranged outside each pyrolysis tower 36. The upper end of each permeable tube 48 is connected to the corresponding gas storage tank 50 through an air guide tube 51, and the combustible gas in the pyrolysis tower 36 is introduced into the gas storage tank 50.

[0052] A sealed combustion box 52 is arranged outside each pyrolysis tower 36, and each gas storage tank 50 is connected to the sealed combustion box 52 through a gas pipe 53. A solenoid valve 54 is arranged on each gas pipe 53 for controlling the flow rate of the gas to control the size of the combustion. An air intake blower 55 is arranged outside each sealed combustion box 52, and the outlet end of each air intake blower 55 is connected to the corresponding sealed combustion box 52. An electronic spark plug 56 is arranged in each sealed combustion box 52, and the electronic spark plug 56 is used for ignition. Each pyrolysis tower 36 is provided with a circle of heating chamber 57 outside the corresponding pyrolysis chamber 43 position, and each heating chamber 57 is provided with a plurality of spirally ascending spiral guide fins 58. The spiral guide fins 58 can fully absorb the temperature of the flue gas, and make the flue gas spirally ascend from bottom to top, so as to fully heat the solid matter in the pyrolysis chamber 43, and each heating chamber 57 is connected to the outlet end of the corresponding sealed combustion box 52. The upper end of each pyrolysis chamber 43 is connected to the hot air pipe 3 through an insulated smoke delivery pipe 59, and the smoke after heating is introduced into the tunnel drying box 1, and the residual heat of the smoke is used to heat and dry the solid waste. Each pyrolysis tower 36 is connected to a discharge channel 60 connected to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber 43. The discharge channel 60 is arranged upwardly and inclined. A discharge port 61 is arranged at the free end of each discharge channel 60. A spiral feed rod 62 extending to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber 43 is rotatably connected in each discharge channel 60. A discharge motor 63 for driving the corresponding spiral feed rod 62 to rotate is installed at the free end of each discharge channel 60. The solid residue that has completed pyrolysis at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 43 is gradually discharged through the spiral feed rod 62, and the liquid fuel is separated from the solid residue by gravity sedimentation during the process.

[0053] A granulating cylinder 64 is arranged below each discharge port 61, and a slag inlet 65 corresponding to the corresponding discharge port 61 is arranged at the upper end of each granulating cylinder 64. The bottom of each granulating cylinder 64 is formed by three layer plates 66 stacked from bottom to top, and a plurality of through holes are opened through each layer plate 66. The through holes on each layer plate 66 are connected one by one, and the inner diameter of the through holes on the layer plates 66 from top to bottom gradually decreases, and the through holes connected from top to bottom form a granulating hole 67 with a larger inner diameter at the top and a smaller inner diameter at the bottom. A rotating shaft 68 is rotatably connected inside each granulating cylinder 64, and a driving motor 69 for driving the corresponding rotating shaft 68 to rotate is installed at the upper end of each granulating cylinder 64. A plurality of downward pressing blades 70 distributed in a circle are arranged outside each rotating shaft 68. The lower side of each downward pressing blade 70 contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder 64 and bends in the same direction, gradually pressing the solid residue downward into the pelletizing hole 67, so that the solid residue is gradually formed under the downward pressure and passes through the lower end of the pelletizing hole 67. The lower end of each rotating shaft 68 extends downward from the bottom of the granulating cylinder 64 and is connected to two scrapers 71. Each scraper 71 contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder 64, scrapes off the strip-shaped carbon residue squeezed out of the pelletizing hole 67, and finally forms granular carbon particles.

[0054] Working principle: First, the solid waste is evenly placed on the feed conveyor 2, and then it enters the tunnel drying box 1 along the feed conveyor 2. The hot air blown out from the air outlet strip 4 in the tunnel drying box 1 gradually heats and dries the solid waste, and the high-humidity exhaust gas in the tunnel drying box 1 is continuously discharged into the exhaust gas evolver through the negative pressure suction strip 5, and discharged after being purified;

[0055] The dried solid waste is air-sorted at the end of the feed conveyor 2 through the air-blowing sorting bar 12, so that the lighter materials are blown onto the light material sorting conveyor 10, and the heavier materials fall onto the heavy material sorting conveyor 11. The AI ​​intelligent recognition camera 23 is used on the light material sorting conveyor 10 for intelligent recognition and screening. The plastic on the light material sorting conveyor 10 is pushed to the light plastic conveyor 15 and the organic matter is pushed to the light organic matter conveyor 16 through the push bar 22. On the heavy material sorting conveyor 11, the metal is first identified by the metal detector 27, and the metal is pushed to the metal conveyor 17 through the push plate 26. Then, the plastic box organic matter is identified by the AI ​​intelligent recognition camera 23, and the plastic is pushed to the heavy plastic conveyor 18 and the organic matter is pushed to the heavy organic matter conveyor 19 through the push plate 26, so as to realize the classification of metal, plastic and organic matter.

[0056] After passing through the conveying channel 29, the light plastic and the heavy plastic are mixed on the material crushing table 28. After passing through the conveying channel 29, the light organic matter and the heavy organic matter are mixed on the material crushing table 28. On the material crushing table 28, the extrusion conveying roller 31 not only conveys the material forward during the rotation process, but also presses and cuts the material through the pressing and cutting strips 32. The pressing and cutting strips 32 in opposite spiral directions cooperate to gradually press and cut the material into crushed material. The crushed material is then conveyed to the feeding barrel 38 through the feeding conveyor 37.

[0057] The crushed materials are then transported to the pyrolysis chamber 43 by the feeding motor 41 driving the spiral feeding rod 42 in the feeding barrel 38, so that the crushed materials in the pyrolysis chamber 43 are gradually accumulated, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion in the sealed combustion box 52 enters the heating chamber 57 (the first time to use the gas to be introduced into the sealed combustion box 52 for combustion), and gradually rises in the heating chamber 57 to heat the crushed materials in the pyrolysis chamber 43, so that they are pyrolyzed (plastics and organic matter require different pyrolysis temperatures, and the two pyrolysis chambers 43 are controlled to perform pyrolysis at different temperatures). The flue gas after passing through the heating chamber 57 still retains a certain amount of heat, and then the hot smoke is introduced into the hot air pipe 3 through the heat-insulating smoke conveying pipe 59, and the residual heat of the flue gas is used to heat and dry the solid waste;

[0058] After pyrolysis, the crushed material is decomposed into liquid fuel, combustible gas and solid carbon material. The liquid fuel and combustible gas continuously penetrate into the permeation tube 48. The combustible gas is introduced into the gas storage tank 50 through the air guide pipe 51 at the upper part of the permeation tube 48. The liquid fuel flows into the oil storage chamber 44 through the oil guide pipe 49, and the liquid fuel in the pyrolysis chamber 43 also flows into the oil storage chamber 44 through the mesh permeation support plate 47, while the solid carbon at the bottom is slowly discharged from the discharge port 61 through the spiral feed rod 62. The combustible gas in the gas storage tank 50 is passed into the sealed combustion box 52 through the gas pipe 53, and then air and gas are introduced into the sealed combustion box 52 through the air intake blower 55 to mix, so that it can be ignited and burned in the sealed combustion box 52 to produce high-temperature flue gas.

[0059] Finally, the solid carbon falls into the pelletizing cylinder 64, and the pressing blade 70 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 69 in the pelletizing cylinder 64, and the added solid carbon is continuously pressed down into the pelletizing hole 67, so that the solid residue is gradually formed under the downward pressure and passes through the lower end of the pelletizing hole 67. Finally, the strip-shaped carbon residue squeezed out of the pelletizing hole 67 is scraped off by the rotating scraper 71, and finally granular carbon particles are formed. Carbon particles made of plastic can be used for activated carbon, building materials, soil improvers, industrial fillers, etc. Carbon particles made of organic matter are biochar, which is a high-quality soil improver and can also be used for adsorption fillers, activated carbon, etc.

[0060] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0061] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made by a person skilled in the art in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A solid waste comprehensive treatment device, comprising a tunnel drying box (1), characterized in that: The tunnel drying box (1) is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet at both ends thereof, a feed conveyor (2) is arranged inside the tunnel drying box (1), and the two ends of the feed conveyor (2) pass through the feed inlet and the discharge outlet respectively, a hot air pipe (3) is arranged above the feed conveyor (2) in the tunnel drying box (1) along the length direction thereof, the hot air pipe (3) is connected to a plurality of air outlet strips (4) arranged along the length direction thereof and open at the lower end thereof, and the tunnel drying box (1) is provided with a feed conveyor (2) at both ends thereof. A negative pressure suction strip (5) with an open lower end is arranged above the hot air pipe (3) in the drying box (1), and a negative pressure pump (6) and an exhaust gas purifier (7) are installed on the outer side of the tunnel drying box (1). The inlet end of the negative pressure pump (6) is connected to the negative pressure suction strip (5) through a negative pressure pipe, and the outlet end of the negative pressure pump (6) is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust gas purifier (7) through an exhaust pipe (8), and the outlet end of the exhaust gas purifier (7) is connected to an exhaust pipe (9); A light material sorting conveyor (10) and a heavy material sorting conveyor (11) are arranged in an upper and lower distribution at one end of the feed conveyor (2) extending out of the discharge port, and the heavy material sorting conveyor (11) is located below the light material sorting conveyor (10) and the feed conveyor (2). A blowing sorting strip (12) is arranged at one end of the tunnel drying box (1) below the feed conveyor (2), and the blowing sorting strip (12) opens toward the outlet end of the feed conveyor (2). A sorting blower (13) is installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box (1). The outlet end of the fan (13) is connected to the air blowing sorting strip (12) through an air blast pipe (14); a light plastic conveyor (15) and a light organic matter conveyor (16) are arranged outwardly on one side of the light material sorting conveyor (10); a metal conveyor (17), a heavy plastic conveyor (18) and a heavy organic matter conveyor (19) are arranged outwardly on one side of the heavy material sorting conveyor (11); the heavy plastic conveyor (18) and the light plastic conveyor (15) are arranged vertically, and the heavy organic matter conveyor (19) and the light organic matter conveyor (16) are arranged vertically; A material crushing table (28) is arranged at the free end of the heavy plastic conveyor (18) and the heavy organic matter conveyor (19); the inlet end of each material crushing table (28) is connected to a conveying channel (29); the inlet end of each conveying channel (29) is connected to the outlet end of the heavy plastic conveyor (18) and the outlet end of the light plastic conveyor (15), or to the outlet end of the heavy organic matter conveyor (19) and the outlet end of the light organic matter conveyor (16); the upper end of each material crushing table (28) is rotatably connected to a plurality of extrusion conveying rollers (31) which are arranged transversely and arranged side by side along the length direction thereof; the outer periphery of each extrusion conveying roller (31) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed pressing strips (32); and a conveying motor (33) for driving the extrusion conveying roller (31) to rotate is installed on each material crushing table (28); A pyrolysis tower (36) is arranged at the free end of each material crushing platform (28), a feed port is arranged at the upper end of each pyrolysis tower (36), a feeding conveyor (37) is arranged between each feed port and the free end of the corresponding material crushing platform (28), each pyrolysis tower (36) is divided into a pyrolysis chamber (43) located at the upper part and an oil storage chamber (44) located at the lower part, the bottom of each pyrolysis tower (36) is connected to an oil outlet pipe (45) communicating with the bottom of the oil storage chamber (44), and each oil outlet pipe (45) is provided with a valve (45). 6), the bottom of each pyrolysis chamber (43) is a mesh permeable support plate (47) connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber (44), a permeable pipe (48) is vertically arranged in the middle of each pyrolysis chamber (43), a plurality of permeable holes are opened on the outer circumference of each permeable pipe (48), the lower end of each permeable pipe (48) is connected to the corresponding oil storage chamber (44) through an oil guide pipe (49), and a gas storage tank (50) is arranged outside each pyrolysis tower (36), and the upper end of each permeable pipe (48) is connected to the corresponding gas storage tank (50) through an air guide pipe (51); Each pyrolysis tower (36) is provided with a sealed combustion box (52) outside, each gas storage tank (50) is connected to the sealed combustion box (52) through a fuel gas pipe (53), each sealed combustion box (52) is provided with an air intake blower (55) outside, the outlet end of each air intake blower (55) is connected to the corresponding sealed combustion box (52), each sealed combustion box (52) is provided with an electronic spark plug (56), each pyrolysis tower (36) is provided with a heating chamber (57) outside the corresponding pyrolysis chamber (43), each heating chamber (57) is connected to the corresponding sealed combustion box ( The outlet end of each pyrolysis tower (36) is connected to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber (43), each pyrolysis tower (36) is connected to a discharge channel (60) connected to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber (43), the upper end of each pyrolysis chamber (43) is connected to the hot air pipe (3) through an insulated smoke conveying pipe (59), a discharge port (61) is provided at the free end of each discharge channel (60), a spiral feed rod (62) extending to the bottom of the corresponding pyrolysis chamber (43) is rotatably connected in each discharge channel (60), and a discharge motor (63) for driving the corresponding spiral feed rod (62) to rotate is installed at the free end of each discharge channel (60).

2. A solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light material sorting rack (20) is arranged above the light material sorting conveyor (10), and two light material push conveyors (21) corresponding to the light plastic conveyor (15) and the light organic matter conveyor (16) are installed on the light material sorting rack (20), and the conveyor belt of each light material push conveyor (21) is provided with two push strips (22) arranged at equal intervals outwardly, and an AI intelligent recognition camera (23) arranged downward is installed on the light material sorting rack (20) near the feed conveyor (2); A heavy material sorting rack (24) is arranged above the heavy material sorting conveyor (11) and below the light material sorting conveyor (10). Three heavy material push conveyors (25) are installed on the heavy material sorting rack (24) respectively cooperating with the metal conveyor (17), the heavy plastic conveyor (18) and the heavy organic matter conveyor (19). The conveyor belt of each heavy material push conveyor (25) is provided with two push plates (26) arranged at equal intervals outward. A metal detector (27) and an AI intelligent recognition camera (23) are installed downwardly on the heavy material sorting rack (24) near the feed conveyor (2). The AI ​​intelligent recognition camera (23) is arranged downwardly on the heavy material sorting rack (24) at a position between the metal conveyor (17) and the heavy plastic conveyor (18).

3. The solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each conveying channel (29) is provided with two guide channels (30) which are distributed vertically and are both arranged downwards in the direction of the extrusion conveying roller (31).

4. The solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission pulley (34) is provided at one end of each extrusion conveying roller (31), a plurality of conveying motors (33) are installed in a one-to-one correspondence with the extrusion conveying rollers (31), a power output shaft of each conveying motor (33) is connected to a driving pulley (35) in a one-to-one correspondence with the transmission pulley (34), and each driving pulley (35) and the corresponding transmission pulley (34) are driven by a belt.

5. A solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each material crushing table (28) is inclined downward toward the corresponding feeding conveyor (37), the pressing strips (32) on each extrusion conveying roller (31) are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spiral directions of the pressing strips (32) on each two adjacent extrusion conveying rollers (31) are opposite.

6. The solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of each pyrolysis tower (36) is provided with a feed barrel (38) connected to the corresponding feed port, one side of each feed barrel (38) is connected to a receiving trough (39) located below the upper end of the corresponding feeding conveyor (37), the bottom of each feed barrel (38) is provided with a feed pipe (40) extending downward into the corresponding pyrolysis tower (36), the upper end of each feed barrel (38) is installed with a feed motor (41), and the power output shaft of each feed motor (41) is downwardly connected to a spiral feed rod (42) extending into the corresponding feed pipe (40).

7. The solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of spiral guide fins (58) which rise in a spiral are arranged in each heating chamber (57).

8. The solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each gas pipe (53) is provided with a solenoid valve (54).

9. A solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A granulating cylinder (64) is arranged below each discharge port (61), and a slag inlet (65) corresponding to the corresponding discharge port (61) is arranged at the upper end of each granulating cylinder (64). A plurality of pelletizing holes (67) are opened at the bottom of each granulating cylinder (64), and the inner diameter of each pelletizing hole (67) is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. A rotating shaft (68) is rotatably connected inside each granulating cylinder (64), and a driving mechanism for driving the granulating cylinder (64) is installed at the upper end of each granulating cylinder (64). A driving motor (69) is provided to rotate the rotating shaft (68), and a plurality of downward pressure blades (70) are arranged outside each rotating shaft (68) and are distributed in a circular pattern. The lower edge of each downward pressure blade (70) contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder (64) and is bent in the same direction. The lower end of each rotating shaft (68) extends downward from the bottom of the granulating cylinder (64) and is connected to a plurality of scrapers (71), and each scraper (71) contacts the bottom of the granulating cylinder (64).

10. A solid waste comprehensive treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of each granulating cylinder (64) is formed by a plurality of layer plates (66) stacked from bottom to top, and a plurality of through holes are opened through each layer plate (66). The through holes on each layer plate (66) are connected one by one, and the inner diameter of the through holes on the layer plates (66) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the through holes connected from top to bottom form a granulating hole (67).

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