Unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography remote monitoring of bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography remote monitoring of bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and relates to the technical field of aerial photography monitoring equipment. The detection assembly comprises an image acquisition device arranged at the bottom of the machine body, and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring images of pine trees in a detection area and transmitting image data back to a ground base station in real time through wireless communication. The protection assembly comprises a transparent shell installed at the bottom of the machine body, and the shell is arranged on the image acquisition equipment in a covering mode so as to prevent external dust, rain and dew from invading a lens of the image acquisition equipment. According to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the swing assembly is arranged in the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the image acquisition equipment is driven to swing through the swing assembly, and the image acquisition equipment swings left and right relative to the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the shooting range of the image acquisition equipment for shooting images is expanded, and the monitoring range of the unmanned aerial vehicle is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerial photography monitoring equipment, and in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle for remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes. Background Art

[0002] The pine wood nematode is the most serious and destructive alien invasive species in the pine genus. It can cause the death of pine trees in as fast as 40 days after infection, and all of them will die within 2-3 months. The current prevention and control situation of the pine wood nematode is very serious.

[0003] The distribution of pine wood nematodes is relatively concentrated in the crown of pine trees, especially in the wood of branches and treetops. This is because pine wood nematodes are spread by vector insects (such as Monochamus alternatus), which usually like to lay eggs and move around in the crown. In the early stages of the disease, pine wood nematodes will cause the crown to first show symptoms of wilt (such as yellowing and redding of needles).

[0004] Since the tree crown is located at a high position, it is difficult to conduct a survey manually. In the prior art, drones are usually used to take aerial photos of pine forests to monitor whether the pine trees have pine wood nematode diseases. However, when drones carry cameras for aerial photography, they are affected by the complex environment and weather of the forest. For example, the air humidity in the forest is high, and the drones will bring up dust from the pine tree crowns when flying. The camera lens is easily contaminated with water vapor and dust, which will cause the image captured by the camera to be blurred, thereby reducing the accuracy of disease identification. At the same time, the cleaning process of the camera lens is also relatively complicated and cannot be completed quickly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention aims at the technical problem that the existing technical solutions are too simple, and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technologies. Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes, so as to solve the problem that the drone carrying a camera for aerial photography mentioned in the above background technology is affected by the complex environment and weather of the forest. For example, the air humidity in the forest is high, and the drone will bring up dust from the crowns of the pine trees when flying. The camera lens is easily contaminated with water vapor and dust, which will cause the image collected by the camera to be blurred, thereby reducing the accuracy of disease identification. At the same time, the cleaning process of the camera lens is also relatively complicated and cannot be completed quickly.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes, comprising: a fuselage, a detection component and a protection component;

[0007] The detection component includes an image acquisition device disposed at the bottom of the fuselage, the image acquisition device is used to acquire images of pine trees in the detection area and transmit the image data back to a ground base station in real time via wireless communication;

[0008] The protective assembly includes a transparent shell installed at the bottom of the fuselage, and the shell cover is arranged on the image acquisition device to prevent external dust and rain from invading the lens of the image acquisition device;

[0009] A swing component is also provided on the fuselage, and the swing component is used to drive the image acquisition device to swing at the bottom of the fuselage to expand the acquisition range of the lens of the image acquisition device.

[0010] Preferably, the shell includes a circular ring, which is arranged around the image acquisition device, and a sealing cover is threadedly connected to the opening at the lower end of the circular ring.

[0011] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the lower end surface of the circular ring along its circumference, and a cleaning member and a transparent rotating ring are provided in the annular groove;

[0012] An observation window connected to the annular groove is provided on the side wall of the circular ring, the observation window is directly opposite to the lens of the image acquisition device, and the rotating ring is in sliding contact with the annular groove;

[0013] A driving member is arranged on the body, and the driving member contacts the rotating ring and is used for driving the rotating ring to coaxially slide in the annular groove and pass through the cleaning member.

[0014] Preferably, the swing assembly comprises a driving motor mounted on the fuselage, a driving shaft of the driving motor is sleeved with a first gear, and the first gear is a half gear;

[0015] A through hole is provided on the image acquisition device, a first arc-shaped rack is arranged in the through hole, and the first arc-shaped rack is meshed with the first gear, and a coil spring is connected between the image acquisition device and the fuselage.

[0016] Preferably, the driving member comprises a rotating rod connected to the body, a second gear is sleeved on the rotating rod, a second arc-shaped rack is connected to the image acquisition device, and the second arc-shaped rack is meshed with the second gear, and the arc center of the second arc-shaped rack coincides with the axis center of the driving shaft;

[0017] An inner gear ring is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring, a third gear is connected to the rotating rod via a one-way bearing, and the third gear is meshed with the inner gear ring.

[0018] Preferably, the rotating ring comprises an annular socket and an annular transparent plate, the annular socket is provided with an annular socket groove, the transparent plate is connected with the annular socket, and the annular socket is movably inserted in the annular socket groove.

[0019] Preferably, the fuselage includes a frame, a power blade system and a remote sensing communication unit.

[0020] Preferably, the image acquisition device includes: a camera, a thermal imager and a control processor;

[0021] The camera is used to capture details of pine trees, the thermal imager is used to detect abnormal crown temperature, and the camera and the thermal imager are communicatively connected with the control processor.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, a swing component is provided inside the drone body, and the swing component drives the image acquisition device to swing. When the drone is flying, the image acquisition device swings left and right about the flight path of the drone to expand the shooting range of the image acquisition device, thereby improving the monitoring range of the drone.

[0024] 2. In the present invention, a transparent protective component is provided on the outer cover of the image acquisition device, thereby preventing dust and rain in the air from being contaminated on the lens of the image acquisition device during drone aerial photography, thereby improving the clarity of the images taken by the image acquisition device.

[0025] 3. In the present invention, the protective component is further transformed into a rotatable rotating ring. While the swinging component drives the image acquisition device to swing to expand the shooting range, the swinging component drives the rotating ring to rotate unidirectionally through the driving member, so that the rotating ring can be cleaned one by one by the cleaning member, so that the rotating ring can be continuously cleaned during the flight of the drone, keeping its inner and outer surfaces clean, and preventing dust and rain adsorbed on the rotating ring from interfering with the image acquisition device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes;

[0027] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a driving component in a UAV for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an inner gear ring in a UAV for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1 body, 2 detection component, 3 protection component, 301 shell, 3011 ring, 3012 sealing cover, 302 annular groove, 303 rotating ring, 3031 annular socket, 3032 transparent ring, 304 observation window;

[0034] 4 swing assembly, 401 drive motor, 402 drive shaft, 403 first gear, 404 through hole, 405 first arc-shaped rack, 406 coil spring;

[0035] 5 driving member, 501 rotating rod, 502 second gear, 503 second arc-shaped rack, 504 one-way bearing, 505 third gear, 506 inner gear ring;

[0036] 6 Cleaning parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that when drones carry cameras for aerial photography, they are affected by the complex environment and weather of the forest. For example, the air humidity in the forest is high, and the drone will bring up dust from the pine tree crowns when flying. The camera lens is easily contaminated with water vapor and dust, which will cause the image collected by the camera to be blurred, thereby reducing the accuracy of disease identification. The cleaning process of the camera lens is also relatively complicated and cannot be completed quickly.

[0039] See attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a UAV for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes, comprising: a fuselage 1, a detection component 2 and a protection component 3.

[0040] The detection component 2 includes an image acquisition device arranged at the bottom of the fuselage 1, and the image acquisition device is used to collect images of pine trees in the detection area and transmit the image data back to the ground base station in real time through wireless communication.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the protective component 3 includes a transparent shell 301 installed at the bottom of the body 1, and the shell 301 covers the image acquisition device to prevent external dust and rain from invading the lens of the image acquisition device.

[0042] A swing assembly 4 is also provided on the fuselage 1 , and the swing assembly 4 is used to drive the image acquisition device to swing at the bottom of the fuselage 1 to expand the acquisition range of the lens of the image acquisition device.

[0043] When the drone is used to monitor pine wood nematodes by aerial photography in a pine forest, the image acquisition device will send the captured images to the controller of the ground base station through the wireless signal transmitter on the fuselage 1. The processor of the base station processes and analyzes the captured images to determine whether the pine trees in the image have pine wood nematode lesions.

[0044] As the drone flies, the transparent shell 301 is placed on the image acquisition device to shield the lens of the image acquisition device, thereby preventing the acquisition device from being contaminated by dust, rain, etc., and improving the clarity of the images taken by the acquisition device. The drone itself has a limited range, and after the drone lands on the ground, the control personnel can directly clean the outer surface of the shell 301 to ensure the clarity of the images taken by the image acquisition device when it is used next time.

[0045] At the same time, when the image acquisition device is working, the swing component 4 drives the lens of the image acquisition device to swing back and forth on the walking route of the drone, thereby expanding the shooting range of the lens of the image acquisition device.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the housing 301 includes a circular ring 3011 , which is arranged around the image acquisition device, and a sealing cover 3012 is threadedly connected to the opening at the lower end of the circular ring 3011 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the sealing cover 3012 and the ring 3011 are detachably assembled, and the user can replace the image acquisition device as needed, and maintain the lens of the image acquisition device inside the ring 3011.

[0048] In the present invention, the protective component 3 can prevent external impurities such as dust and rain from adhering to the lens of the image acquisition device. However, some dust and rain will also be adsorbed on the shell 301. Although the shell 301 can be cleaned quickly, it will still interfere with the clarity of the image captured by the image acquisition device during the flight of the drone. Therefore, in this embodiment, the following solution is proposed to solve the above problem:

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, an annular groove 302 is provided on the lower end surface of the circular ring 3011 along its circumference, and a cleaning member and a transparent rotating ring 303 are provided in the annular groove 302 .

[0050] An observation window 304 communicating with the annular groove 302 is provided on the side wall of the circular ring 3011 . The observation window 304 is directly opposite to the lens of the image acquisition device. The rotating ring 303 is in sliding contact with the annular groove 302 .

[0051] A driving member 5 is provided on the body 1 , and the driving member 5 is in contact with the rotating ring 303 , and is used to drive the rotating ring 303 to slide coaxially in the annular groove 302 and pass through the cleaning member.

[0052] In this embodiment, the rotating ring 303 is made of a transparent material, so that the image acquisition device will not interfere with the external shooting action. The rotating ring 303 is driven by the driving member 5 to rotate around the image acquisition device. The rotating ring 303 is in sliding contact with the cleaning member 6, so that the rotating ring 303 can be cleaned by the cleaning member 6 to avoid the accumulation of dust and rain on the rotating ring 303, thereby ensuring the clarity of the picture taken by the image acquisition device.

[0053] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the swing assembly 4 includes a driving motor 401 installed on the fuselage 1, and a first gear 403 is sleeved on a driving shaft 402 of the driving motor 401, and the first gear 403 is a half gear.

[0054] A through hole 404 is provided on the image acquisition device, a first arc-shaped rack 405 is provided in the through hole 404 , and the first arc-shaped rack 405 is meshed with the first gear 403 , and a coil spring 406 is connected between the image acquisition device and the body 1 .

[0055] During the flight of the UAV, the control personnel remotely start the drive motor 401, and the drive motor 401 drives the first gear 403 to rotate through the drive shaft 402. Since the first gear 403 is a half gear, when the first gear 403 is engaged with the first arc-shaped rack 405, the first gear 403 drives the image acquisition device to rotate through the first arc-shaped rack 405, and accumulates force on the coil spring 406. When the first gear 403 is separated from the first arc-shaped rack 405, the image acquisition device rotates in the opposite direction under the elastic force of the coil spring 406, and so on, so that the image acquisition device swings back and forth on the flight path of the UAV, thereby expanding the shooting range of the image acquisition device.

[0056] Furthermore, a guide rail (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the image acquisition device and the body 1 to ensure the stability of the swing of the image acquisition device.

[0057] In order to realize the above-mentioned driving of the rotating ring 303, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment:

[0058] The driving member 5 includes a rotating rod 501 connected to the body 1, on which a second gear 502 is sleeved, and a second arc-shaped rack 503 is connected to the image acquisition device, and the second arc-shaped rack 503 is meshed with the second gear 502, and the arc center of the second arc-shaped rack 503 coincides with the axis center of the driving shaft 402.

[0059] An inner gear ring 506 is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 303 , and a third gear 505 is connected to the rotating rod 501 via a one-way bearing 504 , and the third gear 505 is meshed with the inner gear ring 506 .

[0060] When the driving motor 401 drives the image acquisition device to swing, the image acquisition device drives the second arc-shaped rack 503 to swing back and forth synchronously.

[0061] When the second arc-shaped rack 503 rotates in the forward direction, the second arc-shaped rack 503 drives the second gear 502 to rotate in the forward direction, the second gear 502 drives the rotating rod 501 to rotate in the forward direction, the rotating rod 501 drives the third gear 505 to rotate in the forward direction through the one-way bearing 504, and the third gear 505 drives the rotating ring 303 to rotate through the inner gear ring 506.

[0062] When the second arc-shaped rack 503 rotates in the opposite direction, the second arc-shaped rack 503 drives the second gear 502 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the second gear 502 drives the rotating rod 501 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, due to the one-way transmission property of the one-way bearing 504, the rotating rod 501 cannot drive the third gear 505 to rotate, so as to avoid the rotating ring 303 from moving in the opposite direction. This reciprocating process allows the rotating ring 303 to rotate in a single direction, so that the cleaning member 6 can be used to clean the rotating ring 303 one by one.

[0063] Furthermore, the cleaning member 6 includes a flexible sponge strip, a placement groove is opened on the annular groove 302, the flexible sponge strip is inserted in the placement groove, the flexible sponge strip is abutted against the peripheral wall of the rotating ring 303, and as the rotating ring 303 rotates, the flexible sponge strip scrapes the rotating ring 303, and after separating the sealing cover 3012 from the circular ring 3011, the user can also take the flexible sponge strip out of the placement groove to replace the flexible sponge strip or add auxiliary cleaning materials such as lubricants.

[0064] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3As shown, the rotating ring 303 includes an annular socket 3031 and an annular transparent plate 3032. An annular socket groove is provided on the annular socket 3031. The transparent plate 3032 is connected with an annular socket, and the annular socket is movably inserted in the annular socket groove.

[0065] The transparent plate 3032 and the annular plug-in 3031 are detachably installed. After separating the sealing cover 3012 from the ring 3011 , the user can also remove the transparent plate 3032 to perform deep cleaning or replace the transparent plate 3032 , thereby increasing the service life of the rotating ring 303 .

[0066] In this embodiment, the fuselage 1 includes a frame, a propeller blade system, and a remote sensing communication unit.

[0067] Among them, the power blade system is used to drive the fuselage 1 to rise and fall and move horizontally to take aerial photos of the pine forest in the near and far distances. The remote sensing communication unit is used to connect the fuselage 1 with the ground base station for real-time communication, so that the control personnel of the ground base station can control the flight of the UAV and the operation of the image acquisition equipment and the drive motor 401 in real time.

[0068] In this embodiment, the image acquisition device includes: a camera, a thermal imager and a control processor.

[0069] The camera is used to capture details of the pine trees and identify early symptoms of pine wood nematode infestation. The thermal imager is used to detect abnormal crown temperature and assist in identifying diseases. The camera, thermal imager and control processor are communicatively connected.

[0070] Through the above two monitoring devices, the accuracy of pine wood nematode monitoring and evaluation is improved, and the impact of a single condition on the monitoring results is reduced.

[0071] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone for remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes, characterized in that: include: A body (1), a detection component (2) and a protection component (3); The detection component (2) comprises an image acquisition device arranged at the bottom of the fuselage (1), the image acquisition device being used to acquire images of pine trees in the detection area and transmit the image data back to a ground base station in real time via wireless communication; The protective component (3) comprises a transparent shell (301) mounted on the bottom of the body (1), and the shell (301) is arranged on the image acquisition device to prevent external dust and rain from invading the lens of the image acquisition device; A swing component (4) is also provided on the fuselage (1), and the swing component (4) is used to drive the image acquisition device to swing at the bottom of the fuselage (1) to expand the acquisition range of the lens of the image acquisition device.

2. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (301) comprises a circular ring (3011), which is arranged around the image acquisition device, and a sealing cover (3012) is threadedly connected to the opening at the lower end of the circular ring (3011).

3. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular groove (302) is provided on the lower end surface of the circular ring (3011) along its circumference, and a cleaning member (6) and a transparent rotating ring (303) are provided in the annular groove (302); An observation window (304) communicating with the annular groove (302) is provided on the side wall of the circular ring (3011), the observation window (304) is directly opposite to the lens of the image acquisition device, and the rotating ring (303) is in sliding contact with the annular groove (302); A driving member (5) is provided on the body (1), and the driving member (5) is in contact with the rotating ring (303) and is used to drive the rotating ring (303) to slide coaxially in the annular groove (302) and pass through the cleaning member (6).

4. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing assembly (4) comprises a driving motor (401) mounted on the body (1), a driving shaft (402) of the driving motor (401) being sleeved with a first gear (403), and the first gear (403) is a half gear; The image acquisition device is provided with a through hole (404), a first arc-shaped rack (405) is arranged in the through hole (404), and the first arc-shaped rack (405) is meshed with the first gear (403), and a coil spring (406) is connected between the image acquisition device and the body (1).

5. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving member (5) comprises a rotating rod (501) connected to the body (1), a second gear (502) is sleeved on the rotating rod (501), a second arc-shaped rack (503) is connected to the image acquisition device, and the second arc-shaped rack (503) is meshed with the second gear (502), and the arc center of the second arc-shaped rack (503) coincides with the axis center of the driving shaft (402); An inner toothed ring (506) is connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (303), a third gear (505) is connected to the rotating rod (501) via a one-way bearing (504), and the third gear (505) is meshed with the inner toothed ring (506).

6. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating ring (303) comprises an annular plug-in seat (3031) and an annular transparent plate (3032); an annular plug-in groove is provided on the annular plug-in seat (3031); the transparent plate (3032) is connected to the annular plug-in seat; the annular plug-in seat is movably inserted in the annular plug-in groove.

7. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuselage (1) comprises a frame, a power blade system and a remote sensing communication unit.

8. The drone for aerial photography and remote monitoring of pine wood nematodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition device includes: a camera, a thermal imager and a control processor; The camera is used to capture details of pine trees, the thermal imager is used to detect abnormal crown temperature, and the camera and the thermal imager are communicatively connected with the control processor.

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