Bolt hole waterproof plugging device and plugging method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and specifically relates to a bolt hole waterproof plugging device and a plugging method. It includes a casing, an extension rod, a biting mechanism and two water-swellable rubber sleeves; anti-slip clamping groups are respectively arranged in the middle of the casing and near the baffle; the extension rod is movably inserted into one end of the casing; the biting mechanism includes a biting rod and a screw rod screwed into the other end of the casing. The biting rod has a double-layer stepped structure and is located between the extension rod and the screw rod. The inner layer of the biting rod is slidably clamped in the clamping hole. A pawl that meshes with the ratchet teeth for one-way rotation is arranged on the end face of the outer layer of the biting rod. A spring is sleeved on the inner rod body of the biting rod and between the outer rod body and the screw rod. Through the mechanical linkage of the casing, the extension rod and the biting mechanism, a single integrated operation of hole cleaning, positioning and sealing processes is realized, completely eliminating the efficiency loss and the risk of human error caused by multi-step construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and specifically to a bolt hole waterproof plugging device and a plugging method. Background Art

[0002] In building engineering, tie bolts are widely used in scenarios such as the reinforcement of concrete shear walls, the fixation of formwork for secondary structural construction columns, the connection between climbing scaffolds and structural walls, and the installation of tower crane attachments. The number of penetrating bolt holes left after construction is huge. For walls with waterproof requirements, the traditional plugging process requires first clearing the holes and then pouring expansive mortar. After initial setting, the outer side of the wall needs to be coated with waterproof paint 2 - 3 times, and the inner side of the wall needs to be leveled with mortar. The process is cumbersome and depends on the accuracy of manual operation, and it is extremely easy to cause leakage risks due to mortar shrinkage and uneven coating coverage. For interior walls without waterproof requirements, although foaming materials are used for filling, the bonding force between the foam and the hole wall is poor, and during later decoration, cracking at the plugging part is easily caused by temperature stress, resulting in poor appearance and, in severe cases, the peeling off of the wall surface layer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and thus provides a bolt hole waterproof plugging device and a plugging method that avoid multiple pluggings.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A bolt hole waterproof plugging device includes a protective cylinder, an extension rod, a biting mechanism, and two water - swellable rubber sleeves;

[0006] At both ends of the inner cavity of the protective cylinder, there are co - rotating thread structures. On both sides of the protective cylinder, annular baffles are sleeved respectively. At the middle part of the protective cylinder and near the baffle positions, anti - slip card groups are respectively arranged. The two rubber sleeves are respectively sleeved on the ends of the protective cylinder and abutted against the baffles;

[0007] The extension rod is movably inserted into one end of the protective cylinder. A plug is provided at the outer end of the extension rod. An external thread is provided on the rod body of the extension rod and near the side of the plug. Ratchet teeth are provided on the inner end face of the extension rod;

[0008] The biting mechanism includes a biting rod and a screw rod screwed into the other end of the protective cylinder. A chuck is provided at the outer end of the screw rod. An axially - opened clamping hole is provided in the middle of the screw rod. The biting rod has a double - layer stepped structure and is located between the extension rod and the screw rod. The inner layer of the biting rod is slidably clamped in the clamping hole. Pawls that are unidirectionally rotationally engaged with the ratchet teeth are provided on the end face of the outer layer of the biting rod. A spring is sleeved on the rod body of the inner layer of the biting rod and between the outer layer rod body and the screw rod.

[0009] A bolt hole waterproof plugging method using the bolt hole waterproof plugging device includes the following steps;

[0010] ‌S1: Use a hole cleaning tool to remove debris and residues in the bolt hole to ensure there is no foreign matter in the hole.

[0011] ‌S2: Sheath two rubber sleeves on the outside of the baffles at both ends of the casing respectively. The axial length of the rubber sleeve exceeds the distance between the baffle and the end of the casing.

[0012] ‌S3: Insert the extension rod from the tail of the casing and initially screw and fix it through the external thread and the threaded structure in the inner cavity of the casing.

[0013] ‌S4: Assemble the bite rod, screw rod and spring and insert them into the other end of the casing without tightening. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state.

[0014] ‌S5: After inserting the casing with rubber sleeves into the bolt hole to be blocked and positioning it, a circumferential anti-slip fixation is formed between the anti-slip card group and the hole wall.

[0015] ‌S6: Prepare a positioning disk adapted to the chuck and install it on the hand drill. After the positioning disk is clamped with the chuck, when the hand drill drives the screw rod counterclockwise, the spring pushes the ratchet pawl of the bite rod to engage unidirectionally with the ratchet teeth of the extension rod, so that the extension rod can only rotate in the direction of screwing into the casing. The hand drill drives the extension rod to be completely screwed into the casing, and the plug of the extension rod is embedded in the bolt hole and squeezes the rubber sleeve to fill one end of the bolt hole.

[0016] ‌S7: Switch the hand drill to drive the screw rod clockwise, drive the screw rod to be completely screwed into the casing, and the chuck is embedded in the bolt hole and squeezes the rubber sleeve to fill the other end of the bolt hole, and the plugging is completed.

[0017] The present invention adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, its prominent features are:

[0018] Through the mechanical linkage of the casing, extension rod and bite mechanism, the single-integration operation of hole cleaning, positioning and sealing processes is realized, completely eliminating the efficiency loss and the risk of human error caused by multi-step construction; by using the bidirectional extrusion of the plug of the extension rod and the chuck, the rubber sleeve is driven to expand synchronously at both ends of the hole, forming a gapless sealing interface, breaking through the technical bottleneck of shrinkage and cracking of traditional unidirectional filling materials; the unidirectional meshing design of the ratchet pawl of the bite mechanism and the ratchet teeth of the extension rod, combined with the pre-tightening force of the spring, ensure that the extension rod can only move in the screwing direction, prevent reverse rotation and loosening, and improve the sealing reliability.

[0019] As a preference, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

[0020] Further, at least two positioning holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumference on the front surface of the chuck. The positioning holes equidistantly distributed in the circumferential direction on the chuck and the protrusions of the positioning disk of the hand drill form a quick alignment interface, ensuring the coaxiality of torque transmission during the driving process and avoiding uneven extrusion of the rubber sleeve caused by eccentric rotation.

[0021] Further, each anti-slip card group includes three anti-slip cards arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The anti-slip cards are arc-shaped and one end of each anti-slip card is hinged to the outer wall of the casing. A shape memory alloy sheet is arranged between the middle of the inner arc of the anti-slip card and the casing. When the casing is installed, the martensitic transformation is triggered by the pressure of the hole wall, providing a radial elastic support force to prevent the driving screw from driving the casing to rotate when it rotates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram after assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram during the assembly process of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning disk of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a screw of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a bite rod of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a spring of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an extension rod of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a casing of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a rubber sleeve of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 FIG. is a schematic exploded structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure, the labels are: casing 1, baffle 101, rubber sleeve 102, anti-slip card group 103, extension rod 2, plug 201, ratchet teeth 203, screw 3, chuck 301, bite rod 4, ratchet pawl 401, positioning disk 5, spring 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments, and the purpose is only to better understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] A bolt hole waterproof plugging device includes a casing 1, an extension rod 2, a biting mechanism, and two water-swellable rubber sleeves 102;

[0035] At both ends of the inner cavity of the casing 1, there are same-direction thread structures (both are in the clockwise tightening direction). On both sides of the casing 1, annular baffles 101 are sleeved respectively. At the middle of the casing 1 and near the position of the baffle 101, anti-slip card groups 103 are provided respectively. Two rubber sleeves 102 are respectively sleeved on the ends of the casing 1 and abut against the baffle 101.

[0036] The extension rod 2 is movably inserted into one end of the casing 1. A plug 201 is provided at the outer end of the extension rod 2. An external thread is provided on the rod body of the extension rod 2 and on one side near the plug 201. Ratchet teeth 203 are provided on the inner end face of the extension rod 2.

[0037] The engaging mechanism includes an engaging rod 4 and a screw rod 3 screwed into the other end of the casing 1. A chuck 301 is provided at the outer end of the screw rod 3. An axially extending engaging hole is provided in the middle of the screw rod 3. Opposite engaging holes are also provided on the chuck 301. The engaging rod 4 has a double-layer stepped structure and is located between the extension rod 2 and the screw rod 3. The inner layer of the engaging rod 4 is slidably engaged in the engaging hole. Pawls 401 that are unidirectionally rotationally engaged with the ratchet teeth 203 are provided on the end face of the outer layer of the engaging rod 4. A spring 6 is sleeved on the rod body of the inner layer of the engaging rod 4 and between the outer layer rod body and the screw rod 3. The ratchet teeth 203 are non-symmetric triangular tooth profiles evenly distributed on the end face circumference. The locking side tooth surface is perpendicular to the tangent of the base circle. The sliding side tooth surface has a 55° involute curvature. The pawls 401 are wedge-shaped driving tooth profiles evenly distributed on the end face circumference and matched with the ratchet. The locking surface is parallel to the vertical tooth surface of the ratchet. The sliding surface is a continuous transition surface with a curvature radius ρ = 2 mm. The tooth number ratio of the ratchet teeth 203 to the pawls 401 is 1:1.

[0038] A method for waterproof plugging of bolt holes using a bolt hole waterproof plugging device includes the following steps;

[0039] S1: Use a hole cleaning tool to remove debris and residues in the bolt hole to ensure that there is no foreign matter in the hole.

[0040] S2: Respectively sleeve the two rubber sleeves 102 on the outer sides of the baffles 101 at both ends of the casing 1. The axial length of the rubber sleeve 102 exceeds the distance between the baffle 101 and the end of the casing 1.

[0041] S3: Insert the extension rod 2 from the tail of the casing 1 and initially screw and fix it through the external thread and the thread structure in the inner cavity of the casing 1.

[0042] S4: Assemble the engaging rod 4, the screw rod 3 and the spring 6 and insert them into the other end of the casing 1 without tightening. At this time, the spring 6 is in a compressed state.

[0043] S5: After the casing 1 with the rubber sleeve 102 is inserted into the bolt hole to be plugged and in place, a circumferential anti-slip fixing effect is formed between the anti-slip card group 103 and the hole wall.

[0044] S6: Prepare a positioning disk 5 adapted to the chuck 301 and install it on the hand drill. One side of the positioning disk 5 is provided with a rod body connected to the hand drill. After the positioning disk 5 is clamped with the chuck 301, when the hand drill drives the screw 3 counterclockwise, the spring 6 pushes the ratchet pawl 401 of the engaging rod 4 to engage unidirectionally with the ratchet teeth 203 of the extension rod 2, so that the extension rod 2 can only rotate in the direction of screwing into the casing 1. The hand drill drives the extension rod 2 to be completely screwed into the casing 1, and the plug 201 of the extension rod 2 is embedded in the bolt hole and squeezes the rubber sleeve 102 to fill one end of the bolt hole.

[0045] S7: Switch the hand drill to drive the screw 3 clockwise, drive the screw 3 to be completely screwed into the casing 1, the chuck 301 is embedded in the bolt hole and squeezes the rubber sleeve 102 to fill the other end of the bolt hole, and the plugging is completed.

[0046] Further, at least two positioning holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction on the front surface of the chuck 301. The positioning holes equidistantly distributed in the circumferential direction of the chuck 301 and the protrusions of the hand drill positioning disk 5 form a quick alignment interface, ensuring the coaxiality of torque transmission during the driving process and avoiding uneven extrusion of the rubber sleeve 102 caused by eccentric rotation.

[0047] Further, each anti-slip card group 103 includes three anti-slip cards arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The anti-slip cards are arc-shaped and one end is hinged to the outer wall of the casing 1. A shape memory alloy sheet is arranged between the middle of the inner arc of the anti-slip card and the casing 1. When the casing 1 is installed, it is triggered by the pressure of the hole wall to undergo a martensitic transformation, providing a radial elastic supporting force to prevent the casing 1 from rotating when the driving screw 3 rotates.

[0048] Through the mechanical linkage of the casing 1, the extension rod 2 and the engaging mechanism, a single integrated operation of hole cleaning, positioning, and sealing processes is realized, completely eliminating the efficiency loss and human error risks caused by multi-step construction; by using the bidirectional extrusion of the plug 201 of the extension rod 2 and the chuck 301, the rubber sleeve 102 is driven to expand synchronously at both ends of the hole, forming a gapless sealing interface and breaking through the technical bottleneck of shrinkage and cracking of traditional unidirectional filling materials; the unidirectional meshing design of the ratchet pawl 401 of the engaging mechanism and the ratchet teeth 203 of the extension rod 2, combined with the pre-tightening force of the spring 6, ensure that the extension rod 2 can only move in the screwing direction, prevent reverse rotation and loosening, improve the sealing reliability, and the later water vapor and moisture can stimulate the rubber sleeve 102 to expand.

[0049] The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention are included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt hole waterproof plugging device, characterized in that: It includes a casing, an extension rod, a biting mechanism and two water-swellable rubber sleeves; Thread structures in the same direction are provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the casing. Annular baffles are sleeved on both sides of the casing respectively. Anti-slip card groups are respectively arranged in the middle of the casing and close to the baffles. The two rubber sleeves are respectively sleeved on the ends of the casing and abutted against the baffles; The extension rod is movably inserted into one end of the casing. A plug is provided at the outer end of the extension rod. An external thread is provided on the rod body of the extension rod and close to one side of the plug. Ratchet teeth are provided on the inner end surface of the extension rod; The biting mechanism includes a biting rod and a screw rod screwed into the other end of the casing. A chuck is provided at the outer end of the screw rod. At least two positioning holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction on the front surface of the chuck. A clamping hole is axially arranged in the middle of the screw rod. The biting rod has a double-layer stepped structure and is located between the extension rod and the screw rod. The inner layer of the biting rod is slidably clamped in the clamping hole. Pawls that are unidirectionally rotationally engaged with the ratchet teeth are provided on the end surface of the outer layer of the biting rod. A spring is sleeved on the rod body of the inner layer of the biting rod and between the outer layer rod body and the screw rod; Each anti-slip card group includes three anti-slip cards arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The anti-slip cards are arc-shaped and one end of each is hinged to the outer wall of the casing. A shape memory alloy sheet is arranged between the middle of the inner arc of the anti-slip card and the casing; 2. A method for waterproof plugging of bolt holes using the bolt hole waterproof plugging device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps; S1: Use a hole cleaning tool to remove debris and residues in the bolt hole to ensure that there is no foreign matter in the hole; S2: Respectively sleeve the two rubber sleeves outside the baffles at both ends of the casing. The axial length of the rubber sleeve exceeds the distance between the baffle and the end of the casing; S3: Insert the extension rod from the tail of the casing and initially screw and fix it through the external thread and the thread structure in the inner cavity of the casing; S4: Assemble the biting rod, the screw rod and the spring and stuff them into the other end of the casing without tightening. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state; S5: After the casing with the rubber sleeve is stuffed into the bolt hole to be blocked and in place, an annular anti-slip fixation is formed between the anti-slip card group and the hole wall; S6: Prepare a positioning disk adapted to the chuck and install it on the hand drill. After the positioning disk is clamped with the chuck, when the hand drill drives the screw rod counterclockwise, the spring pushes the pawl of the biting rod to be unidirectionally engaged with the ratchet teeth of the extension rod, so that the extension rod can only rotate in the direction of screwing into the casing. The hand drill drives the extension rod to be completely screwed into the casing, and the plug of the extension rod is embedded in the bolt hole and extrudes the rubber sleeve to fill one end of the bolt hole; S7: Switch the hand drill to drive the screw rod clockwise, drive the screw rod to be completely screwed into the casing, the chuck is embedded in the bolt hole and extrudes the rubber sleeve to fill the other end of the bolt hole, and the plugging is completed.

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