Well cementation rubber plug acoustic simulation positioning system

Abstract

A well cementation rubber plug acoustic simulation positioning system disclosed by the present invention comprises a sound wave generation module, a sound wave receiving module, a sleeve and two pressure-resistant flange plates, the two pressure-resistant flange plates are installed at the two ends of the sleeve in a sealed mode and jointly define a cavity, and the well cementation rubber plug and drilling fluid are contained in the cavity. A sound production part of the sound wave generation module is installed on the well cementation rubber plug through a flexible electric lead, a collection part of the sound wave receiving module is located at one end in the cavity, and the sound wave receiving module is used for receiving sound waves emitted by the sound wave generation module and processing the sound waves so as to position the well cementation rubber plug. In this way, the casing pipe can be horizontally placed, drilling fluid in the cavity needs to submerge the well cementation rubber plug and the collection part of the sound wave receiving module, the sound production part of the sound wave generation module emits sound waves, the collection part of the sound wave receiving module collects the sound waves, and positioning analysis is conducted on the position of the well cementation rubber plug in the casing pipe according to the collected sound wave signal characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of acoustic positioning, and in particular relates to an acoustic simulation positioning system for a cementing plug. Background Art

[0002] Deep or ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs are important oil and gas replacement energy sources, and have gradually become an important area for increasing oil and gas reserves and production. The quality of well engineering is directly related to the success or failure of drilling engineering and the life of oil and gas wells. Cementing is a key technology to ensure the quality of well engineering and one of the important means to ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of oil and gas field exploration and development. During cementing and slurry replacement, due to the metering error of the flow meter and the influence of the working efficiency of the plunger pump, the volume measurement result of the slurry replacement liquid is inaccurate, making it difficult to accurately determine the position of the cementing plug in the well. In particular, the accurate judgment of the position of the plug is particularly important in special cementing processes such as tail pipe cementing and graded cementing. If the position of the plug is misjudged, it will cause cementing complications or accidents such as plug retention or empty replacement. To this end, in order to solve the problem that the plug is easy to wear after long-term operation, causing the plug to run forward or stay, and the displacement is difficult to accurately control, the current existing method of plug positioning is to estimate the plug position by the slurry replacement volume and make a collision pressure judgment with a pressure gauge, but its operation is complicated and has low accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system which has a simple structure and can conveniently simulate the positioning of the cementing plug in the well.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system, comprising an acoustic wave generating module, an acoustic wave receiving module, a casing and two pressure-resistant flange plates, the two pressure-resistant flange plates are sealingly installed at both ends of the casing and together enclose a chamber, the chamber contains cementing plugs and drilling fluid, the sound-emitting part of the acoustic wave generating module is installed on the cementing plug through a flexible conductive wire, the collecting part of the acoustic wave receiving module is located at one end of the chamber, and the acoustic wave receiving module is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the acoustic wave generating module and process them to position the cementing plug.

[0005] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the casing can be placed horizontally, and the drilling fluid in the chamber needs to submerge the cementing plug and the collecting part of the sound wave receiving module, while the sound generating part of the sound wave generating module emits sound waves, and the collecting part of the sound wave receiving module collects the sound waves, and the position of the cementing plug in the casing is located and analyzed based on the characteristics of the collected sound wave signals.

[0006] In any one of the above technical solutions, a pressure-resistant flange plate is also provided with a pressurizing port, and a valve is provided at the pressurizing port.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that drilling fluid can be added into the chamber or air can be introduced into the chamber through the pressurization port to increase the pressure.

[0008] In any one of the above technical solutions, the pressure-resistant flange plate is also provided with a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure in the chamber.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the pressure in the chamber can be easily known.

[0010] The sleeve described in the above technical solution is a transparent tube.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: in this way, the position of the cementing plug in the chamber can be conveniently observed to verify the positioning value of the acoustic simulation positioning system of the cementing plug.

[0012] The side wall of the sleeve in the above technical solution is provided with length scales along its length direction.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the position in the inner cavity of the cementing plug can be known more conveniently and intuitively.

[0014] The sound wave generating module in the above technical solution includes an acoustic emission transducer, a power amplifier and a signal source. The power amplifier and the signal source are both located outside the casing. The acoustic emission transducer is located in the chamber and is installed on the cementing plug and constitutes the sound-emitting part of the sound wave generating module. The signal source and the acoustic emission transducer are both electrically connected to the power amplifier.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that its structure is simple, so that the signal source sends out an electrical signal, the power amplifier amplifies the electrical signal, and the acoustic emission transducer converts the electrical energy into an acoustic wave signal for output.

[0016] The conductive wire on the acoustic emission transducer in the above technical solution passes through the middle seal of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate and is electrically connected to the power amplifier.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the conductive wire needs to be reserved with sufficient length to allow the cementing plug to reach any position in the chamber.

[0018] The sound wave receiving module in the above technical solution includes an acoustic receiving transducer, a signal collector and a data analysis host computer. The signal collector and the data analysis host computer are both arranged outside the sleeve. The acoustic receiving transducer is arranged at the other end of the chamber and constitutes the collection part of the sound wave receiving module. The acoustic receiving transducer and the data analysis host computer are both electrically connected to the signal collector.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the acoustic receiving transducer can convert the received sound waves into electrical signals, and the signal collector transmits the electrical signals to the data analysis host computer, and the data analysis host computer analyzes the specific position of the cementing plug in the chamber according to the characteristics of the sound waves.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the acoustic receiving transducer is installed in the middle of the inner side of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate, and a vibration-damping pad is arranged between the acoustic receiving transducer and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate, and the receiving end of the acoustic receiving transducer faces the other pressure-resistant flange plate.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by arranging the vibration-damping pad, the influence of the noise transmitted by the casing and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate on the positioning result can be reduced.

[0022] The data analysis host computer described in the above technical solution is a computer.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it has strong computing power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sound wave generating module and the sound wave receiving module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the principle of acoustic positioning in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Sound wave generating module; 11. Acoustic transmitting transducer; 12. Power amplifier; 13. Signal source; 2. Sound wave receiving module; 21. Acoustic receiving transducer; 22. Signal collector; 23. Data analysis host computer; 3. Casing; 4. Pressure-resistant flange plate; 41. Pressurization port; 42. Valve; 43. Pressure measuring device; 5. Vibration damping pad; 6. Cementing plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following paragraphs. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system, including a sound wave generating module 1, a sound wave receiving module 2, a casing 3 and two pressure-resistant flange plates 4, the two pressure-resistant flange plates 4 are sealed and installed at both ends of the casing 3 and together enclose a chamber, the chamber contains a cementing plug 6 and drilling fluid, the sound-generating part of the sound wave generating module 1 is installed on the cementing plug through a flexible conductive wire, the collecting part of the sound wave receiving module 2 is located at one end of the chamber, and the sound wave receiving module 2 is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the sound wave generating module 1 and process them to position the cementing plug 6, as shown in FIG. The casing can be placed horizontally, and the drilling fluid in the chamber needs to submerge the cementing plug and the collection part of the sound wave receiving module, and the sound generating part of the sound wave generating module emits sound waves, and the collection part of the sound wave receiving module collects sound waves, and the position of the cementing plug in the casing is located and analyzed according to the characteristics of the collected sound wave signals. The casing is provided with an outer flange ring at both ends, and the outer flange ring is matched and bolted with the pressure-resistant flange plate (connected by bolts and nuts, which belongs to the existing technology in flange connection technology and is not described here), wherein the pressure-resistant flange plate blocks the two ends of the casing, and a sealing gasket can be provided between the pressure-resistant flange plate and the outer flange ring for sealing. The length of the casing in this embodiment can be 3-10m.

[0030] Any one of the pressure-resistant flange plates 4 in the above technical solutions is also provided with a pressurizing port 41, and a valve 42 is provided at the pressurizing port 41, so that drilling fluid can be added to the chamber or air can be introduced through the pressurizing port for pressurization. Preferably, the pressure-resistant flange plate 4 is also provided with a pressure measuring device 43 for measuring the pressure in the chamber, so that the pressure in the chamber can be conveniently known. The pressure measuring device 43 can be a pressure gauge, which can be set on the pressurizing port and located between the valve and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate.

[0031] The casing 3 in the above technical solution is a transparent tube, so that the position of the cementing plug in the chamber can be easily observed to verify the positioning value of the acoustic simulation positioning system of the cementing plug. Preferably, a length scale 31 is provided on the side wall of the casing 3 along its length direction, so that the position in the inner chamber of the cementing plug can be known more conveniently and intuitively.

[0032] The acoustic wave generating module 1 in the above technical solution includes an acoustic emission transducer 11, a power amplifier 12 and a signal source 13. The power amplifier 12 and the signal source 13 are both located outside the casing 3. The acoustic emission transducer 11 is located in the chamber and is installed on the cementing plug 6 and constitutes the sound-emitting part of the acoustic wave generating module 1. The signal source 13 and the acoustic emission transducer 11 are both electrically connected to the power amplifier 12. The structure is simple. In this way, the signal source emits an electrical signal, the power amplifier amplifies the electrical signal, and the acoustic emission transducer converts the electrical energy into an acoustic wave signal for output.

[0033] The conductive wire on the acoustic emission transducer 11 described in the above technical solution passes through the middle seal of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate 4 and is electrically connected to the power amplifier 12, wherein the conductive wire needs to have a sufficient length reserved to allow the cementing plug to reach any position in the chamber (the length of the conductive wire electrically connected to the acoustic emission transducer in the chamber can be consistent with the length of the casing, and the conductive wire is a flexible conductive wire).

[0034] The acoustic wave receiving module 2 in the above technical solution includes an acoustic receiving transducer 21, a signal collector 22 and a data analysis host computer 23. The signal collector 22 and the data analysis host computer 23 are both arranged outside the casing 3. The acoustic receiving transducer 21 is arranged at the other end of the chamber and constitutes the collection part of the acoustic wave receiving module 2. The acoustic receiving transducer 21 and the data analysis host computer 23 are both electrically connected to the signal collector 22. In this way, the acoustic receiving transducer 21 can convert the received sound waves into electrical signals, and the signal collector transmits the electrical signals to the data analysis host computer. The data analysis host computer analyzes the specific position of the cementing plug in the chamber according to the characteristics of the sound waves.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the acoustic receiving transducer 21 is installed in the middle part of the inner side of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate 4, and a vibration-damping pad 5 is arranged between the acoustic receiving transducer 21 and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate 4. The receiving end of the acoustic receiving transducer 21 faces the other pressure-resistant flange plate 4. By arranging a vibration-damping pad (which can be a sponge pad with good vibration-damping effect and can reduce the influence of noise on the positioning effect as much as possible), the influence of the noise transmitted by the casing and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate on the positioning result can be reduced.

[0036] The data analysis host computer 23 described in the above technical solution is a computer (a program for processing sound wave information is pre-installed in the computer) with strong computing power.

[0037] In this embodiment, the acoustic wave generating module 1 uses the acoustic transmitting transducer 11 to emit an acoustic wave signal with a fixed frequency in the casing. The acoustic wave signal propagates in the casing with the drilling fluid as the propagation medium. The acoustic receiving transducer 21 receives the acoustic wave signal propagated from the drilling fluid. The principle of acoustic wave ranging in this embodiment is [see Figure 3 ,in Figure 3 Where A is the sound wave pulse emitted by the acoustic transmitting transducer (T1 is the initial period of the sound wave emitted by the acoustic transmitting transducer 11), Figure 3 B is a schematic diagram of the time delay solution of the acoustic wave pulse propagating in the drilling fluid (T2, T3, Tn are the periods of the acoustic wave after delay solution in the drilling fluid)]: The acoustic transmitting transducer transmits equally spaced acoustic pulse signals during the descent process, and the acoustic receiving transducer receives the acoustic pulse signals. The propagation of the acoustic wave pulse in the drilling fluid will produce a delay solution and calculate the position information of the acoustic transmitting transducer relative to the acoustic receiving transducer 21 based on this (multiple spacings need to be selected in advance to make the corresponding standard curve, and then the actual measured spacing can be obtained by substituting the measured value into the regression equation of the standard curve, thereby realizing the positioning of the cementing plug). The specific principle belongs to the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0038] The length scale on the casing side wall in this embodiment can take the position of the acoustic receiving transducer as the zero scale position, so that the positioning value calculated by the cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system can be conveniently compared with the cementing plug position read by the length scale to determine the positioning accuracy of the cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sound wave generating module (1), a sound wave receiving module (2), a casing (3) and two pressure-resistant flange plates (4); the two pressure-resistant flange plates (4) are sealed and installed at both ends of the casing (3) and together enclose a chamber; the chamber contains a cementing plug (6) and drilling fluid; the sound-generating part of the sound wave generating module (1) is installed on the cementing plug via a flexible conductive wire; the collecting part of the sound wave receiving module (2) is located at one end of the chamber; the sound wave receiving module (2) is used to receive the sound waves emitted by the sound wave generating module (1) and process them to position the cementing plug (6).

2. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any one of the pressure-resistant flange plates (4) is also provided with a pressurizing port (41), and a valve (42) is provided at the pressurizing port (41).

3. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any one of the pressure-resistant flange plates (4) is also provided with a pressure measuring device (43) for measuring the pressure in the chamber.

4. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (3) is a transparent tube.

5. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the sleeve (3) is provided with length scales (31) along its length direction.

6. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The acoustic wave generating module (1) comprises an acoustic emission transducer (11), a power amplifier (12) and a signal source (13); the power amplifier (12) and the signal source (13) are both located outside the casing (3); the acoustic emission transducer (11) is located in the chamber and is mounted on the cementing plug (6) and constitutes the sound generating part of the acoustic wave generating module (1); the signal source (13) and the acoustic emission transducer (11) are both electrically connected to the power amplifier (12).

7. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conductive wire on the acoustic emission transducer (11) passes through the middle seal of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate (4) and is electrically connected to the power amplifier (12).

8. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The sound wave receiving module (2) comprises an acoustic receiving transducer (21), a signal collector (22) and a data analysis host computer (23); the signal collector (22) and the data analysis host computer (23) are both arranged outside the casing (3); the acoustic receiving transducer (21) is arranged at the other end of the chamber and constitutes a collection part of the sound wave receiving module (2); the acoustic receiving transducer (21) and the data analysis host computer (23) are both electrically connected to the signal collector (22).

9. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The acoustic receiving transducer (21) is installed in the middle of the inner side of the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate (4), and a vibration-damping pad (5) is arranged between the acoustic receiving transducer (21) and the corresponding pressure-resistant flange plate (4), and the receiving end of the acoustic receiving transducer (21) faces the other pressure-resistant flange plate (4).

10. The cementing plug acoustic simulation positioning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data analysis host computer (23) is a computer.

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