A smoke exhaust duct type wind silo and ventilation method for a long tunnel

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction ventilation, and particularly relates to a long and large tunnel smoke exhaust duct type wind silo and ventilation method. A long and large tunnel smoke exhaust duct type wind silo comprises a connecting passage, a smoke exhaust duct and a plurality of connecting caverns connected in sequence, wherein the connecting caverns comprise an open connecting cavern and a sealed connecting cavern, the open connecting cavern is connected to a smoke exhaust shaft and a main tunnel wind silo, the outside of the connecting passage is connected to a hard air supply duct, a relay fan is provided on the side of the main tunnel wind silo close to the face, the relay fan is connected to the main tunnel air duct, the main tunnel wind silo is connected to the main tunnel on the side close to the face, an inclined shaft is connected to the outside of the tunnel, and the sealed connecting cavern is connected to the main tunnel. The present invention can significantly extend the ventilation distance and improve the ventilation efficiency by setting a wind silo at the junction of the inclined shaft and the main tunnel and using an axial flow fan for relay ventilation. At the same time, the smoke exhaust passage is used to achieve air volume distribution and relay ventilation, thereby achieving the effect of wind silo type ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction ventilation, and in particular relates to a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo and a ventilation method for a long tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Currently, tunnel construction ventilation mostly adopts pressure-type, suction-type, mixed-type and duct-type ventilation methods. However, with the increase in tunnel construction mileage, the commonly used construction ventilation methods are difficult to meet the ventilation needs of the face, and when multiple faces are under construction at the same time, there is still the problem of air volume distribution in each branch tunnel. The wind silo ventilation system improves the traditional air supply method by adding a ventilation silo as an intermediate relay device and installing an axial flow fan on the outside of the silo to redistribute the pressure of the air entering the silo, and then transport the pressurized air to the face. While solving the problem of air supply volume at the face, the wind silo ventilation also meets the dynamic control requirements of ventilation in each construction stage.

[0003] However, current tunnel silo ventilation still faces many design and application issues. First, tunnel silo structures are mostly prefabricated, which has high production costs and complex internal structures. Second, due to the limited cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel and construction requirements, the silo has a small cross-sectional area, resulting in high ventilation resistance. When the spacing between the exhaust vents is small, there will be a problem of air grabbing, and the actual ventilation effect is not ideal. Finally, the prefabricated silo structure has poor stability, and the negative pressure generated inside the silo can easily damage the silo structure, increase the air leakage rate of the silo, and further increase maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo and ventilation method for long and large tunnels. By setting a wind silo at the junction of the inclined shaft and the main tunnel and using axial flow fans for relay ventilation, the ventilation distance can be greatly extended and the ventilation efficiency can be improved. When the construction progress inside the tunnel permits, the smoke exhaust channel can be reasonably utilized to realize air volume distribution and relay ventilation, thereby achieving the effect of wind silo type ventilation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long and large tunnel, comprising a connecting passage, a smoke exhaust duct and a plurality of connecting chambers connected in sequence, the connecting chamber comprising an open connecting chamber and a sealed connecting chamber, the open connecting chamber being connected to a smoke exhaust shaft and a main tunnel wind silo, a hard air supply duct being connected to the outside of the connecting passage, a relay fan being provided on the side of the main tunnel wind silo close to the heading face, the relay fan being connected to the main tunnel air duct, the outlet end of the main tunnel air duct being located at the heading face, the main tunnel wind silo being connected to the main tunnel on the side close to the heading face, an inclined shaft being connected to the main tunnel, the inclined shaft being connected to the outside of the tunnel, and the sealed connecting chamber being connected to the main tunnel.

[0006] The main tunnel wind bin is a partition-type wind bin structure, including a wind bin bottom plate crossbeam, a wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam, a wind bin bottom plate and a partition support frame. A wind bin bottom plate crossbeam is provided above the partition support frame, and a wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam is provided between the wind bin bottom plate crossbeams. The wind bin bottom plate is spliced ​​above the wind bin bottom plate crossbeam and the wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam.

[0007] Both ends of the wind bin bottom plate are respectively provided with wind bin vertical partitions, and the shape of the wind bin vertical partitions is nearly semicircular surrounded by the wind bin bottom plate and the tunnel arch. The wind bin vertical partitions are welded to the wind bin bottom plate and the wind bin bottom plate crossbeam. A front wind bin vertical plate is provided on one side of the relay fan, and a fan connection hole is provided in the middle of the front wind bin vertical plate. A rear wind bin vertical plate is provided on the opposite side of the relay fan, and a main tunnel wind bin inspection door is provided on the left side of the rear wind bin vertical plate.

[0008] The main tunnel includes a left main tunnel and a right main tunnel, and the left main tunnel and the right main tunnel are connected through an inclined shaft.

[0009] One end of the connecting channel is connected to the inclined shaft, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust duct. A connecting channel sealing door is provided at the end of the connecting channel connected to the inclined shaft. A duct hole is provided on the upper part of the connecting channel sealing door. The hard air supply duct seal passes through the duct hole. An inspection door is provided at the lower part of the connecting channel sealing door. The inspection door includes an inspection door frame and a windproof cloth or wind shield. The inspection door frame includes an inspection door transverse frame and an inspection door vertical frame. The inspection door transverse frame extends to the tunnel side wall and is connected to the side wall for reinforcement. The inspection door vertical frame is connected to the inspection door transverse frame and the road surface by bolts or anchor rods.

[0010] The outlets or inlets of the connecting passage, smoke exhaust duct and smoke exhaust shaft are provided with sealing base rings and bottom sealing belts.

[0011] A sealing door for the connecting cavern is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust duct and the connecting cavern, and a shaft guide plate is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust shaft, the main tunnel and the main tunnel wind bin. The shaft guide plate is L-shaped as a whole, with a semicircular lower part vertically fixed in the smoke exhaust shaft and a rectangular upper part connected to the main tunnel wind bin.

[0012] A smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate is arranged on the upper part of the open connecting cavern. The upper part of the smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate is a quarter-spherical shell, and the lower part is a semi-cylindrical shell.

[0013] A guide plate bracket is provided on the upper portion of the shaft guide plate for reinforcement. The guide plate bracket is a triangular structure and a reinforcement anchor is provided at the connection with the smoke exhaust shaft wall.

[0014] A ventilation method for a long tunnel with a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo, using the above-mentioned long tunnel with a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: When working, the fan outside the tunnel is turned on, and the air flow enters the connecting channel and the smoke exhaust duct through the rigid air supply duct;

[0016] S2: At the same time, the relay fan is turned on, generating negative pressure in the air silo. The air enters the open connecting chamber, smoke exhaust shaft, and main tunnel air silo and is diverted. Under the action of the relay fan, the air is sent to the tunnel face through the main tunnel air duct, achieving secondary distribution of the air flow and ensuring the supply of fresh air during tunnel face operations.

[0017] S3: The dirty air generated in the cave is discharged out of the cave through the main tunnel and inclined shaft in turn under the action of air pressure.

[0018] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention sets up an air silo at the junction of the inclined shaft and the main tunnel, and uses an axial flow fan for relay ventilation, which can greatly extend the air supply distance and improve ventilation efficiency. At the same time, the large-section air silo structure can effectively reduce ventilation resistance and further improve ventilation efficiency; 2. The present invention uses the excavated exhaust duct structure as the main structure of the air silo, which reduces the production cost and operating cost of the air silo structure; 3. The present invention uses the excavated exhaust duct cavern as the air silo structure, without the need to add internal and external support structures, and the structure is relatively stable.

[0019] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the smoke exhaust duct and the main tunnel wind bin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the main tunnel wind silo according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a large-scale cross-sectional view of a shaft guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a large-scale drawing of the sealing door of the connecting channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a large-scale drawing of the cavern sealing door connected to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a large-scale drawing of the vertical plate of the main tunnel wind silo in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1 - rigid air supply duct; 2 - connecting passage; 3 - smoke exhaust duct; 4 - connecting cavern; 401 - open connecting cavern; 402 - sealed connecting cavern; 5 - smoke exhaust shaft; 6 - main tunnel air silo; 7 - inclined shaft; 8 - main tunnel; 801 - main tunnel left tunnel; 802 - main tunnel right tunnel; 803 - transverse tunnel; 9 - relay fan; 10 - main tunnel air duct; 11 - connecting passage sealed door; 12 - connecting cavern sealed door; 13 - shaft deflector; 14 - smoke exhaust duct branch tunnel deflector; 15 - wind silo bottom plate crossbeam; 16-longitudinal beam of wind silo bottom plate; 17-wind silo bottom plate; 18-partition support frame; 19-deflector bracket; 20-reinforcement anchor bolt; 21-inspection door frame; 2101-inspection door horizontal frame; 2102-inspection door vertical frame; 22-wind partition cloth or wind deflector; 23-inspection door; 24-sealing base ring; 25-bottom sealing tape; 26-air duct hole; 27-wind silo vertical partition; 2701-front wind silo vertical plate; 2702 rear wind silo vertical plate; 28-fan connection hole; 29-main tunnel wind silo inspection door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a long and large tunnel smoke exhaust duct type wind silo includes a connecting channel 2, a smoke exhaust duct 3 and a plurality of connecting chambers 4 connected in sequence, the connecting chamber 4 includes an open connecting chamber 401 and a sealed connecting chamber 402, the open connecting chamber 401 is connected to a smoke exhaust shaft 5 and a main tunnel wind silo 6, the outside of the connecting channel 2 is connected to a hard air supply duct 1, a relay fan 9 is provided on the side of the main tunnel wind silo 6 close to the heading face, the relay fan 9 is connected to the main tunnel air duct 10, the outlet end of the main tunnel air duct 10 is located at the heading face, the main tunnel wind silo 6 is connected to the main tunnel 8 on the side close to the heading face, the main tunnel 8 is connected to an inclined shaft 7, the inclined shaft 7 is connected to the outside of the tunnel, and the sealed connecting chamber 402 is connected to the main tunnel 8.

[0030] In actual use, the present invention uses the space formed by the connecting channel 2, the smoke exhaust duct 3, the connecting cavern 401, the smoke exhaust shaft 5, and the main tunnel air silo 6 as the wind silo structure to achieve air path storage and diversion. A rigid air supply duct 1 of a certain length is set on the outside of the connecting channel 2. The material is aluminum alloy or other metal with a smooth surface to reduce the resistance of the elbow of the air supply duct 1 at this location. The rigid air supply duct 1 is connected to the connecting channel 2 to allow fresh air to enter the wind silo. During operation, the external fan is turned on, and the airflow enters the connecting channel 2 and the smoke exhaust duct 3 through the rigid air supply duct 1; at the same time, the relay fan 9 is turned on, generating negative pressure in the wind silo, and the air path enters the open connecting cavern 401, the smoke exhaust shaft 5, and the main tunnel air silo 6 and is diverted. Under the action of the relay fan 9, the air is sent to the tunnel face through the main tunnel air duct 10, achieving secondary distribution of the airflow and ensuring the supply of fresh air during the tunnel face operation; the polluted air generated in the tunnel is discharged out of the tunnel through the main tunnel 8 and the inclined shaft 7 in sequence under the action of air pressure. The present invention sets an air bin at the junction of the inclined shaft and the main tunnel and uses axial flow fans for relay ventilation, which can greatly extend the ventilation distance and improve ventilation efficiency. The present invention can also effectively shorten the ventilation distance of the air duct, expand the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation branch, reduce the resistance loss along the way and the local resistance loss, ensure that the exhaust ports of each air bin are relatively independent, and avoid the phenomenon of wind grabbing at the exhaust ports. At the same time, by controlling the power of the relay fan 9, the air supply volume of each face can be controlled. By combining different relay fan exhaust powers, it is possible to adapt to the air supply demand of the face under different operating conditions and achieve the effect of air volume distribution. The present invention reduces the production cost and operating cost of the wind bin structure by utilizing the excavated exhaust duct structure as the main structure of the wind bin. Example 2

[0031] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1, in this embodiment, the main tunnel wind silo 6 is a partition-type wind silo structure, including a wind silo bottom plate crossbeam 15, a wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam 16, a wind silo bottom plate 17 and a partition support frame 18, a wind silo bottom plate crossbeam 15 is provided above the partition support frame 18, a wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam 16 is provided between the wind silo bottom plate crossbeams 15, and the wind silo bottom plate 17 is spliced ​​above the wind silo bottom plate crossbeam 15 and the wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam 16.

[0032] During actual use, the main tunnel wind bin 6 described in the present invention is a partition-type wind bin structure, including a wind bin bottom plate crossbeam 15, a wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam 16, a wind bin bottom plate 17 and a partition support frame 18. A wind bin bottom plate crossbeam 15 is provided above the partition support frame 18, and a wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam 16 is provided between the wind bin bottom plate crossbeams 15. The wind bin bottom plate 17 is spliced ​​above the wind bin bottom plate crossbeam 15 and the wind bin bottom plate longitudinal beam 16, which is quick and stable to install. Example 3

[0033] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, in this embodiment, a wind bin vertical partition 27 is respectively provided at both ends of the wind bin bottom plate 17, and the shape of the wind bin vertical partition 27 is nearly a semicircle surrounded by the wind bin bottom plate 17 and the tunnel arch, and the wind bin vertical partition 27 is welded to the wind bin bottom plate 17 and the wind bin bottom plate crossbeam 15, and a front wind bin vertical plate 2701 is provided on one side of the relay fan 9, and a fan connection hole 28 is provided in the middle of the front wind bin vertical plate 2701, and a rear wind bin vertical plate 2702 is provided on the opposite side of the relay fan 9, and a main tunnel wind bin inspection door 29 is provided on the left side of the rear wind bin vertical plate 2702.

[0034] During actual use, the two ends of the wind bin bottom plate 17 of the present invention are respectively provided with wind bin vertical partitions 27, and the shape of the wind bin vertical partitions 27 is nearly semicircular formed by the wind bin bottom plate 17 and the tunnel arch. The present invention utilizes the excavated smoke exhaust duct cavern as the wind bin structure, without the need to add internal and external support structures, and the structure is relatively stable. An air valve is set inside the main tunnel wind bin 6 to control the opening and closing of the wind bin outlet. The air valve is set behind the front vertical partition 2701 of the main tunnel wind bin. When a certain face or main tunnel working area does not need air supply, the corresponding air valve is controlled to close. The relay fan 9 can be directly connected to the main tunnel wind bin 6 through a hoop and bolts, or it can be connected through a hard air duct, but a flexible air duct cannot be used to prevent the air duct from deforming under the action of internal negative pressure. Example 4

[0035] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 3, in this embodiment, the main tunnel 8 includes a left main tunnel 801 and a right main tunnel 802, and the left main tunnel 801 and the right main tunnel 802 are connected through an inclined shaft 7.

[0036] During actual use, the main tunnel 8 described in the present invention includes a left main tunnel 801 and a right main tunnel 802. The left main tunnel 801 and the right main tunnel 802 are connected through an inclined shaft 7. The dirty air generated in the tunnel is discharged out of the tunnel through the main tunnel 8 and the inclined shaft 7 in turn under the action of air pressure. Example 5

[0037] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 4, in this embodiment, one end of the connecting channel 2 is connected to the inclined shaft 7, and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust duct 3, and the end of the connecting channel 2 connected to the inclined shaft 7 is provided with a connecting channel sealing door 11, and the upper part of the connecting channel sealing door 11 is provided with an air duct hole 26, and the hard air supply duct 1 is sealed and passes through the air duct hole 26, and the lower part of the connecting channel sealing door 11 is provided with an inspection door 23, and the inspection door 23 includes an inspection door frame 21 and a windproof cloth or wind shield 22, and the inspection door frame 21 includes an inspection door transverse frame 2101 and an inspection door vertical frame 2102, and the inspection door transverse frame 2101 extends to the tunnel side wall and is connected to the side wall for reinforcement, and the inspection door vertical frame 2102 is connected to the inspection door transverse frame 2101 and the road surface with bolts or anchor rods.

[0038] During actual use, the air duct hole 26 is opened at the top of the connecting channel sealing door 11 of the present invention and is connected to the rigid air supply duct 1. An inspection door 23 is set at the bottom to ensure that construction personnel and vehicles can enter the exhaust duct structure for inspection. The inspection door 23 is also made of windproof cloth or windshield 22. An inspection door frame 21 is set on the outside, including a horizontal frame 2101 and a vertical frame 2102. The horizontal frame 2101 extends to the tunnel side wall and is connected and reinforced with the side wall. The vertical frame 2102 is supported by bolts or anchor rods between the horizontal frame 2101 and the road surface to ensure the stability of the external frame structure of the inspection door 23. The left and right sides of the inspection door 23 and the inspection door 23 and the frame 21 are connected by a sealed zipper to ensure that the inspection door does not enter the dirty air. Example 6

[0039] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 5, in this embodiment, the outlets or inlets of the connecting channel 2 , the smoke exhaust duct 3 and the smoke exhaust shaft 5 are provided with sealing base rings 24 and bottom sealing belts 25 .

[0040] During actual use, the outlets or inlets of the connecting passage 2, the smoke exhaust duct 3 and the smoke exhaust shaft 5 of the present invention are provided with sealing base rings 24 and bottom sealing strips 25 to prevent air leakage. Example 7

[0041] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 8, in this embodiment, a connecting cavern sealing door 12 is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust duct 3 and the connecting cavern 4, and a shaft guide plate 131 is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust shaft 5 and the main tunnel 8 and the main tunnel wind bin 6. The shaft guide plate 13 is L-shaped as a whole, with a semicircular lower part vertically fixed in the smoke exhaust shaft 5, and a rectangular upper part connected to the main tunnel wind bin 5.

[0042] During actual use, the present invention installs the exhaust duct 3 and the internal guide plates of the vertical shaft 5, and reinforces the contact parts between the guide plates and the cave wall with cement or rubber sealing tape, and adds anchor bolts and support frames for reinforcement at local positions. Secondly, the main tunnel wind silo 6 and the connecting cave chamber sealing door 12 are erected, and the partition-type wind silo structure is transported to the cave for assembly after the prefabrication of the parts outside the cave is completed. Finally, the connecting channel sealing door 11 and the rigid air supply duct 1 are installed, and the original air duct is connected to the rigid air supply duct to ensure that the construction of all wind silo structures is completed after the construction of other structures in the cave is completed. After the construction of the wind silo structure is completed, the airtightness and safety of the wind silo should be checked through ventilation experiments, the parts with air leakage should be further sealed, and the parts with unstable structures should be reinforced. Example 8

[0043] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 7, in this embodiment, a smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate 14 is provided on the upper portion of the open connecting chamber 401, and the upper portion of the smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate 14 is a quarter-spherical shell and the lower portion is a semi-cylindrical shell.

[0044] During actual use, the upper part of the smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate 14 is a quarter-spherical shell, and the lower part is a semi-cylindrical shell. When in use, the wind flow can be directly guided into the smoke exhaust shaft to reduce the size of the vortex formed in the open connecting chamber 401. Example 9

[0045] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 8, in this embodiment, a guide plate bracket 19 is provided on the upper portion of the shaft guide plate 13 for reinforcement. The guide plate bracket 19 is a triangular structure, and a reinforcement anchor bolt 20 is provided at the connection with the wall of the smoke exhaust shaft 5.

[0046] During actual use, a bracket 19 is provided on the upper portion of the shaft guide plate 13 of the present invention for reinforcement. The bracket 19 has a triangular structure and is reinforced at the connection with the wall of the smoke exhaust shaft 5 by a reinforcing anchor bolt 20 to ensure stable installation. Example 10

[0047] A ventilation method for a long tunnel with a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo, using the above-mentioned long tunnel with a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: When working, the fan outside the tunnel is turned on, and the air flow enters the connecting channel 2 and the smoke exhaust duct 3 through the rigid air supply duct 1;

[0049] S2: At the same time, the relay fan 9 is turned on, generating negative pressure in the air silo. The air enters the open connecting chamber 401, the smoke exhaust shaft 5, and the main tunnel air silo 6, and is split. Under the action of the relay fan 9, the air is sent to the tunnel face through the main tunnel air duct 10, achieving secondary distribution of the air flow and ensuring the supply of fresh air during tunnel face operations.

[0050] S3: The dirty air generated in the cave is discharged out of the cave through the main tunnel 8 and the inclined shaft 7 in sequence under the action of air pressure.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel, characterized by: The invention comprises a connecting passage (2), a smoke exhaust duct (3) and a plurality of connecting caverns (4) which are connected in sequence, wherein the connecting caverns (4) comprise an open connecting cavern (401) and a sealed connecting cavern (402), wherein the open connecting cavern (401) is connected to a smoke exhaust shaft (5) and a main tunnel air silo (6), wherein the outside of the connecting passage (2) is connected to a hard air supply duct (1), wherein a relay fan (9) is provided in the main tunnel air silo (6) on the side close to the tunnel face, wherein the relay fan (9) is connected to the main tunnel air duct (10), wherein the outlet end of the main tunnel air duct (10) is located at the tunnel face, wherein the main tunnel air silo (6) is connected to the main tunnel (8) on the side close to the tunnel face, wherein the main tunnel (8) is connected to an inclined shaft (7), wherein the inclined shaft (7) is connected to the outside of the tunnel, and wherein the sealed connecting cavern (402) is connected to the main tunnel (8).

2. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main tunnel wind silo (6) is a partition-type wind silo structure, comprising a wind silo bottom plate crossbeam (15), a wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam (16), a wind silo bottom plate (17) and a partition support frame (18), wherein a wind silo bottom plate crossbeam (15) is provided above the partition support frame (18), a wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam (16) is provided between the wind silo bottom plate crossbeams (15), and the wind silo bottom plate (17) is spliced ​​above the wind silo bottom plate crossbeam (15) and the wind silo bottom plate longitudinal beam (16).

3. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: Wind bin vertical partitions (27) are respectively provided at both ends of the wind bin bottom plate (17). The shape of the wind bin vertical partitions (27) is nearly semicircular and is formed by the wind bin bottom plate (17) and the tunnel vault. The wind bin vertical partitions (27) are welded to the wind bin bottom plate (17) and the wind bin bottom plate crossbeam (15). A front wind bin vertical plate (2701) is provided on one side of the relay fan (9). A fan connection hole (28) is provided in the middle of the front wind bin vertical plate (2701). A rear wind bin vertical plate (2702) is provided on the opposite side of the relay fan (9). A main tunnel wind bin inspection door (29) is provided on the left side of the rear wind bin vertical plate (2702).

4. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main tunnel (8) comprises a left main tunnel (801) and a right main tunnel (802), and the left main tunnel (801) and the right main tunnel (802) are connected via a transverse tunnel (803).

5. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting channel (2) is connected to the inclined shaft (7), and the other end is connected to the smoke exhaust duct (3). The end of the connecting channel (2) connected to the inclined shaft (7) is provided with a connecting channel sealing door (11). The upper part of the connecting channel sealing door (11) is provided with an air duct hole (26). The hard air supply duct (1) is sealed and passes through the air duct hole (26). The lower part of the connecting channel sealing door (11) is provided with an inspection door (23). The inspection door (23) includes an inspection door frame (21) and a windproof cloth or wind shield (22). The inspection door frame (21) includes an inspection door transverse frame (2101) and an inspection door vertical frame (2102). The inspection door transverse frame (2101) extends to the tunnel side wall and is connected and reinforced with the side wall. The inspection door vertical frame (2102) is connected to the inspection door transverse frame (2101) and the road surface by bolts or anchor rods.

6. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlets or inlets of the connecting channel (2), the smoke exhaust duct (3) and the smoke exhaust shaft (5) are provided with sealing base rings (24) and bottom sealing strips (25).

7. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting cavern sealing door (12) is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust duct (3) and the connecting cavern (4), and a shaft guide plate (13) is provided at the connection between the smoke exhaust shaft (5), the main cavern (8) and the main cavern wind bin (6). The shaft guide plate (13) is L-shaped as a whole, with a semicircular lower portion vertically fixed in the smoke exhaust shaft (5) and a rectangular upper portion connected to the main cavern wind bin (6).

8. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate (14) is provided on the upper portion of the open connecting cavern (401), wherein the upper portion of the smoke exhaust duct branch hole guide plate (14) is a quarter-spherical shell, and the lower portion is a semi-cylindrical shell.

9. The smoke exhaust duct type wind silo for a long tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide plate bracket (19) is provided on the upper portion of the vertical shaft guide plate (13) for reinforcement. The guide plate bracket (19) is a triangular structure, and a reinforcement anchor bolt (20) is provided at the connection with the wall of the smoke exhaust shaft (5).

10. A ventilation method for a long tunnel using a smoke exhaust duct type wind silo, using the smoke exhaust duct type wind silo of a long tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When working, the fan outside the cave is turned on, and the air flow enters the connecting channel (2) and the smoke exhaust duct (3) through the hard air supply duct (1); S2: At the same time, the relay fan (9) is turned on, generating negative pressure in the wind bin, and the air path enters the open connecting cavern (401), the smoke exhaust shaft (5), and the main tunnel wind bin (6) and is diverted. Under the action of the relay fan (9), the air is sent to the tunnel face through the main tunnel air duct (10), achieving secondary distribution of the air flow and ensuring the supply of fresh air during the tunnel face operation; S3: The dirty air generated in the cave is discharged out of the cave through the main tunnel (8) and the inclined shaft (7) in sequence under the action of air pressure.

Images