Device and method for de-emulsifying engine oil of hydrogen engine emulsifying machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen engines, and particularly relates to a hydrogen engine emulsifying machine oil demulsification device and method which can be used for online solving the problem of machine oil emulsification when a hydrogen engine operates in environments such as cold start or low temperature. The device comprises a vortex tube system, an emulsifying machine oil heating system, an oil-gas separation system and a double-oil-tank interaction system, the vortex tube system communicates with an engine exhaust pipeline, exhaust heat is conveyed to the emulsifying machine oil heating system, and constant-temperature heating of emulsifying machine oil is achieved through a phase-change material. And efficient demulsification of the emulsifying machine oil is realized under the combined action of constant high temperature and the demulsifying agent. And meanwhile, cold air output by the vortex tube system is beneficial to liquefaction and discharge of separated water vapor. The double-oil-tank interaction system can separate emulsified engine oil from non-emulsified oil, so that the engine oil passing through the oil pump of the hydrogen engine is the non-emulsified oil, and normal lubrication of the hydrogen engine is ensured. The energy of the whole system comes from engine exhaust energy, additional energy is not needed, and the idea of energy conservation and emission reduction is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen engines, and in particular relates to a hydrogen engine emulsified oil demulsification device and method. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen engine is an internal combustion engine that uses hydrogen as fuel. Its working principle is similar to that of a traditional gasoline engine, burning hydrogen fuel to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which pushes the piston to do work. However, since hydrogen is used instead of traditional hydrocarbons as fuel, the main emission produced during the combustion process of a hydrogen engine is water, which makes it a cleaner energy option.

[0003] However, the product water generated in the exhaust gas will enter the hydrogen engine oil pan through the cylinder gap, which makes the oil emulsification phenomenon in the hydrogen engine more serious. Especially when the vehicle is running at low temperature, the high-temperature water vapor formed by the combustion in the cylinder is cooled by the cylinder wall, and the temperature quickly drops below the freezing point. After condensing into liquid water, it flows into the oil pan through the cylinder gap. Long-term repeated low-temperature short-distance and low-speed driving will cause more and more liquid water condensed in the oil pan, which will mix with the engine oil to form a white engine oil emulsion. After the engine oil is emulsified, its viscosity is greatly reduced, resulting in a significant deterioration in the engine's lubrication performance. In severe cases, it will cause the hydrogen engine to pull the cylinder or seize the bearings, endangering the normal operation of the hydrogen engine, thereby limiting the promotion and application of hydrogen engines.

[0004] Existing technologies, such as the oil-water separation device proposed in patent CN217828972U, use a circulating oil pump to fully mix the aqueous demulsifier with the emulsified oil, and then let it stand for 4 hours to achieve the effect of oil-water separation. Although this patent solves the emulsification problem to a certain extent, the oil-water separation process needs to stand for 4 hours to achieve the separation effect. The processing time is too long and is not suitable for the rapid online processing of the oil emulsification problem under the actual working conditions of the hydrogen engine. Patent CN113969810A proposes that after the hydrogen engine is turned off, dry gas is injected into the crankcase by controlling the controller unit to accelerate the gas flow in the crankcase and dilute the mixed water vapor in the crankcase, thereby delaying the emulsification of the engine oil. However, this method does not fully consider the impact of different ambient temperatures on the emulsification of the engine oil. In a cold environment, water vapor is more likely to condense under the influence of cold air, which will aggravate the problem of engine oil emulsification. Patent CN108868956A proposes a method for preventing the oil cap from emulsifying, which can prevent the oil from splashing onto the oil filling cap and avoid the oil from forming white condensate at the oil filling cap in a low temperature environment. However, this method only prevents the oil from emulsifying at the oil cap, and has limited effect on the overall oil demulsification of the hydrogen engine. Patent CN110671168A aims to solve the problem of too low crankcase ventilation temperature to prevent the occurrence of oil emulsification, but its device requires the introduction of external heating wires to consume energy, and the inner wall of the crankcase ventilation pipe cannot be heated evenly, making it difficult to ensure a good emulsification inhibition effect. Patent CN104456789A proposes an oil purification system based on the principle of physical separation. The system separates the oil-water mixture by centrifugal force, which improves the separation efficiency, but there are problems such as complex separation equipment, high energy consumption and high maintenance costs, and it is difficult to separate cleanly.

[0005] At present, the anti-emulsification technology of internal combustion engines mainly focuses on offline demulsification or local anti-emulsification structures and devices, and there is no overall online demulsification solution for hydrogen engines with extremely large water generation. For hydrogen engines with high water production and severe oil emulsification, there is an urgent need for an overall online oil demulsification device and method for hydrogen engines. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen engine emulsified oil demulsification device and method. The present invention uses a vortex tube system and an emulsified oil heating system to heat and demulsify the emulsified oil using only the engine exhaust energy. The cold air generated by the vortex tube can be used for the liquefied output of water vapor, killing two birds with one stone, thereby promptly solving the serious oil emulsification problem caused by the low-temperature starting condition of the hydrogen engine.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an engine emulsified oil demulsification device, comprising a vortex tube system, an emulsified oil heating system, an oil-gas separation system and a dual fuel tank interactive system; the vortex tube system comprises a vortex tube, the vortex tube comprises an air inlet, a front cold air outlet and a rear pipe hot air outlet; the air inlet is connected to the engine exhaust pipe;

[0008] The emulsified oil heating system comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises an emulsified oil passage, a hot gas inlet and a hot gas outlet, the hot gas inlet is connected to the hot gas outlet of the rear tube of the vortex tube, and is used to heat the emulsified oil through heat exchange, and the hot gas outlet is respectively connected to the ejector air inlet and the engine exhaust pipe;

[0009] The oil-gas separation system comprises an oil-gas separator, and the oil-gas separator comprises an oil inlet, an oil-gas separation chamber, a cold air inlet and an exhaust port; the oil inlet is connected to the outlet of the emulsified oil passage, the cold air inlet is respectively connected to the front cold air outlet and the exhaust port, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the separated water;

[0010] The dual oil tank interactive system includes a clean oil tank, an oil pump, a small oil pump and an oil supply pipeline; the clean oil tank is connected to the oil discharge port of the oil-gas separation chamber, and the oil pump is connected to the clean oil tank to transport the clean oil to the engine through the oil supply pipeline for lubrication, and the small oil pump is used to transport the emulsified oil to the inlet of the serpentine oil pipeline to achieve heat exchange.

[0011] Furthermore, the vortex tube also includes a vortex chamber connected to the air inlet, six spiral nozzles arranged in the vortex chamber, and a vortex tube cold pipe and a vortex tube heat pipe respectively arranged on both sides of the vortex chamber; a cold air blocking knob and a knob cover are provided at the rear tube hot air outlet end of the vortex tube heat pipe, which are used to block the cold air flow back to the vortex tube cold pipe and flow out from the front cold air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the vortex tube system also includes an ejector and a flow control valve, the engine exhaust pipe is connected to the flow control valve and the ejector in sequence, and the ejector is also respectively connected to the outlet of the hot gas channel and the inlet of the vortex tube, so as to mix the return gas of the heat exchanger and the engine exhaust and then pass them into the vortex tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the ejector includes a receiving chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber which are connected in sequence; the receiving chamber is provided with an engine exhaust inlet and a return air inlet respectively, and a multi-slit slotted nozzle is provided at the inlet end of the engine exhaust inlet in the receiving chamber, and the diffusion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the vortex tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a sleeve structure, the emulsified oil channel is arranged in the sleeve, the gas flows into the sleeve cavity from the hot gas inlet, and flows out from the hot gas outlet after heat exchange with the emulsified oil channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a sleeve-coil coupled heat exchanger, and a serpentine sleeve wrapped around the outer wall of the emulsified oil channel is provided in the heat exchanger, and a phase change material medium is contained in the serpentine sleeve; the emulsified oil channel is a serpentine bend; a gas guide plate is also provided on the inner wall surface of the heat exchanger, and a demulsifier is added to the emulsified oil.

[0016] Furthermore, the emulsified oil heating system also includes an online water content detector and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor the water content of the emulsified oil and the temperature of the emulsified oil respectively; and a liquid level detector is provided in the pure oil tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the oil-gas separator also includes an oleophilic guide diverter plate, a rotary vane, a float, a liquid level controller, an oil drain port and a splash shield arranged in the oil-gas separation chamber;

[0018] The oleophilic guide flow divider plate is arranged close to the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber and opposite to the engine oil inlet; the rotary vane is connected to the oleophilic guide flow divider plate and is arranged spirally downward along the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber; the splash shield is arranged obliquely downward below the rotary vane;

[0019] The liquid level controller is connected to the float and is used to control the opening and closing of the bottom oil discharge port according to the liquid level;

[0020] The exhaust port is arranged above the oil-gas separation chamber, and the cold air inlet and the exhaust port form an inverted L-shaped curved pipe structure that first obliquely upwards and then obliquely downwards.

[0021] Furthermore, the device also includes a controller unit for controlling the operation of the vortex tube system, the emulsified oil heating system, the oil-gas separation system and the dual fuel tank interactive system according to the water content of the oil, the engine operating condition and the oil temperature.

[0022] The present invention also provides an engine emulsified oil demulsification method, comprising: determining whether it is necessary to open a small oil pump according to the oil content in the clean oil tank to transport the existing emulsified oil in the oil pan to the emulsified oil heating system for oil-gas separation; determining whether heat exchange demulsification is required according to the water content in the emulsified oil; when demulsification is required, opening the small oil pump, and inputting hot air into the emulsified oil heating system through a vortex tube system to heat the emulsified oil, and under the combined action of high temperature and demulsifier, the heated emulsified oil enters the oil-gas separation system to separate the water, and the clean oil enters the clean oil tank for engine lubrication.

[0023] In general, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] 1. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device provided by the present invention makes full use of the energy of the hydrogen engine exhaust, amplifies the heat flow effect of the hydrogen engine exhaust through the vortex tube, generates a high-temperature hot atmosphere, and assists the demulsification effect of the demulsifier. Under the joint action of high temperature and the demulsifier, efficient demulsification and evaporation oil-gas separation of the emulsified oil are achieved, and the serious problem of oil emulsification caused by the low-temperature starting condition of the hydrogen engine is solved in time, thereby further improving the practicality of the hydrogen engine and making contributions to the promotion and application of hydrogen engines and my country's transportation industry.

[0025] 2. Utilize the excess exhaust energy of hydrogen engines under high and medium load conditions, and use the exhaust gas at a certain temperature and pressure as the energy source for demulsifying the emulsified oil of hydrogen engines, thereby improving energy utilization and complying with the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0026] 3. As a heat expansion device, the vortex tube does not require external energy supply. Its unique structure can make the engine exhaust produce an energy separation effect and realize the hot and cold separation of the gas. The threaded vortex tube used in the present invention can strengthen the vortex and improve the energy separation effect because the outer wall is a thread groove in the same tangential direction as the intake air. The present invention makes full use of the different temperatures of the cold and hot ends to achieve heating and demulsification of the engine oil and liquefaction and discharge of water vapor, respectively, killing two birds with one stone. At the same time, the precise control of the hot end gas temperature is achieved under the multiple effects of the water detector, flow control valve, and temperature sensor, which can not only reduce the impact of exhaust diversion on the performance of the hydrogen engine, but also prevent the engine oil from coking.

[0027] 4. The heat exchanger designed by the present invention adopts a sleeve-coil coupling heat exchanger. The coil not only increases the heating area to make the heating more uniform, but also makes the structure more compact and saves space. In addition, the phase change material heat exchange mode is adopted to ensure that the heating temperature does not exceed the melting temperature of the phase change material, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of oil coking when heating and evaporating water. At the same time, the inner wall of the heat exchanger is provided with a spiral gas guide plate, which helps to form turbulence and increase the residence time of hot gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0028] 5. The present invention contains a hot gas reflux pipeline, and the hot gas circulation can balance the pressure in the heat exchanger to prevent danger caused by excessive gas pressure. At the same time, it can further improve the heat utilization rate and reduce the impact of exhaust gas diversion on the performance of the hydrogen engine.

[0029] 6. The inverted L-shaped curved pipe structure at the exhaust port of the oil-gas separator is first inclined upward and then inclined downward. It can promote the discharge of water vapor by guiding the cold air, and reduce the situation where the water vapor flows back into the oil-gas separator after cooling and liquefaction, thereby contaminating the engine oil. At the same time, the inlet of the oil-gas separator is set at an angle to give the oil-gas mixture a downward force, preventing the problem of excessive pressure difference between the cold end of the vortex tube and the exhaust port of the oil-gas separator, thereby sucking in the engine oil and causing waste. At the same time, the present invention utilizes the low-pressure area generated by the cold end of the vortex tube. Its low-pressure environment can suck in water vapor without sucking in engine oil, thereby achieving rapid oil-gas separation.

[0030] 7. The dual oil tank system designed by the present invention has a clean oil tank in front of the oil pump, so that the oil that passes through the oil pump and works in the hydrogen engine is non-emulsified oil, reducing the loss of hydrogen engine parts. However, emulsification will inevitably occur in the hydrogen engine during operation, and this part of the oil is stored in the oil pan. The dual oil tank setting can also reduce the length of time that the emulsified oil exists and reduce the possibility of oil deterioration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a system flow chart of the engine emulsified oil demulsification device.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the dual fuel tank interactive system.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a six-nozzle threaded vortex tube.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the heat exchanger.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ejector.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the oil-gas separator.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the buoy and liquid level controller.

[0038] Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0039] 1-controller unit; 2-exhaust pipe; 3-flow control valve; 4-ejector; 5-hot gas return pipe; 6-vortex tube; 7-oil-gas separator; 8-heat exchanger; 9-temperature sensor; 10-online water detector; 11-pure oil tank; 12-oil pump; 13-liquid level detector; 14-small oil pump;

[0040] 401-engine exhaust inlet; 402-receiving chamber; 403-multi-slotted nozzle; 404-return gas inlet; 405-mixing chamber; 406-diffusion chamber;

[0041] 601-front cold air outlet; 602-vortex tube cold pipe; 603-vortex chamber; 604-vortex tube thread; 605-vortex tube heat pipe; 606-cold air blocking knob; 607-knob cover; 608-rear tube hot air outlet; 609-six-way spiral nozzle; 610-air inlet; 611-vortex tube internal fluid domain, 612-vortex tube appearance diagram;

[0042] 701-splash cover; 702-oil inlet; 703-lipophilic guide diverter plate; 704-exhaust port; 705-rotor vane; 706-buoy; 707-liquid level controller; 708-oil drain port; 709-cold air inlet; 710-oil-gas separation chamber;

[0043] 801 - hot gas inlet; 802 - hot gas outlet; 803 - gas guide plate; 804 - hot gas cavity; 805 - serpentine elbow; 806 - serpentine sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides an engine emulsified oil demulsification device, comprising a vortex tube system, an emulsified oil heating system, an oil-gas separation system and a dual fuel tank interactive system; the vortex tube system comprises a vortex tube 6, the vortex tube 6 comprises an air inlet 610, a front cold air outlet 601 and a rear pipe hot air outlet 608; the air inlet 610 is connected to the engine exhaust pipe 2.

[0046] The emulsified oil heating system includes a heat exchanger 8, which includes an emulsified oil channel and a hot gas channel. The hot gas channel is provided with a hot gas inlet 801 and a hot gas outlet 802 for heating the emulsified oil through heat exchange; the hot gas inlet 801 of the hot gas channel is connected to the rear pipe hot gas outlet 608, and the hot gas outlet 802 of the hot gas channel is connected to the air inlet 610 of the vortex tube 6;

[0047] The oil-gas separation system includes an oil-gas separator 7, which includes an oil inlet 702, an oil-gas separation chamber 710, a cold air inlet 709 and an exhaust port 704; the oil inlet 702 is connected to the outlet of the emulsified oil passage, the cold air inlet 709 is connected to the front cold air outlet 601 and the exhaust port 704 respectively, and the exhaust port 704 is used to discharge the separated water;

[0048] The dual oil tank interactive system includes a pure oil tank 11, an oil pump 12, a small oil pump 14 and an oil supply pipeline; the pure oil tank 11 is connected to the oil discharge port 708 of the oil-gas separation chamber 710, and the oil pump 12 is connected to the pure oil tank 11, and is used to transport pure oil to the engine through the oil supply pipeline to achieve lubrication, and the small oil pump 14 is used to transport emulsified oil to the inlet of the emulsified oil channel to achieve heat exchange.

[0049] This arrangement makes full use of the exhaust energy of the hydrogen engine, amplifies the heat energy through the vortex tube, generates a high-temperature hot atmosphere, and assists the demulsification effect of the demulsifier. Under the combined action of high temperature and demulsifier, the emulsified oil is efficiently demulsified and the evaporation oil and gas are separated. The serious problem of oil emulsification caused by the low-temperature starting condition of the hydrogen engine is solved in a timely manner, thereby further improving the practicality of the hydrogen engine and contributing to the promotion and application of hydrogen engines and my country's transportation industry.

[0050] Specifically, see Figure 3 The vortex tube 6 also includes a vortex chamber 603 connected to the air inlet 610, a six-channel spiral nozzle 609 arranged in the vortex chamber 603, and a vortex tube cold pipe 602 and a vortex tube heat pipe 605 arranged on both sides of the vortex chamber 603. A cold air blocking knob 606 and a knob cover 607 are provided at the rear tube hot air outlet 608 end of the vortex tube heat pipe 605, which are used to block the cold air flow back to the vortex tube cold pipe 602 and flow out from the front cold air outlet 601.

[0051] In particular, the outer wall of the vortex tube heat pipe 605 is in the shape of a spiral groove, and the spiral direction is consistent with the direction of the intake vortex, thereby enhancing the radial spirality of the airflow on the outer wall of the heat pipe and strengthening the vortex tube heating effect. The unique structure of the vortex tube 6 can produce an energy separation effect on the engine exhaust, with the hot end used for heating and the cold end used for condensation.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, in order to make full use of the exhaust energy, the vortex tube system also includes an ejector 4 and a flow control valve 3, the engine exhaust pipe is connected to the flow control valve 3 and the ejector 4 in sequence, and the ejector 4 is also connected to the outlet of the hot gas channel and the air inlet 610 of the vortex tube 6, respectively, for mixing the return gas of the heat exchanger 8 with the engine exhaust and passing it into the vortex tube 6. When the exhaust temperature after heating the engine oil is high, it is introduced into the ejector 4 circulation return pipe, passes through the vortex tube 6 again and heats the engine oil. The specific circulation reflux mechanism is: the return exhaust gas flows back into the gas source pipe under the guidance of the jet of the exhaust gas first introduced into the ejector 4 and forms a mixed gas, and flows into the vortex tube 6 and the heat exchanger 8 again, so as to further improve the heat utilization rate and reduce the influence of exhaust diversion on the performance of the hydrogen engine.

[0053] See also Figure 5 The ejector 4 includes a receiving chamber 402, a mixing chamber 405 and a diffusion chamber 406 connected in sequence; the receiving chamber 402 is provided with an engine exhaust inlet 401 and a return gas inlet 404, respectively; the engine exhaust inlet 401 is provided with a multi-slotted nozzle 403 at the inlet end in the receiving chamber 402, and the diffusion chamber 406 is connected to the air inlet 610 of the vortex tube 6. The nozzle of the ejector 4 is a multi-slotted nozzle 403, which is convenient for improving the uniformity of the total pressure distribution of the outlet section of the mixing chamber, thereby improving the ejection efficiency and realizing efficient mixing of the return gas and the engine exhaust. The cross section of the receiving chamber 402 is gradually reduced to the same as the cross section of the mixing chamber 405, and then the cross section of the diffusion chamber 406 is gradually increased, and the high-speed airflow forms a low-pressure area in the receiving chamber 402, and the return gas is sucked into the receiving chamber 402 and preliminarily mixed with the high-speed airflow, and the mixed gas is further mixed in the mixing chamber 405, and decelerated in the diffusion chamber 406, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy to obtain a compressed mixed gas.

[0054] See also Figure 4 The heat exchanger 8 is cylindrical, which can evenly distribute the internal force to reduce deformation and perform gas bath heating on the emulsified oil. The gas flows into the sleeve cavity from the hot gas inlet 801, and then flows out from the hot gas outlet 802. The shell material of the heat exchanger 8 can be stainless steel or other high temperature and corrosion resistant materials, and the inner layer can be provided with thermal insulation materials such as ceramic fiber or aluminum silicate fiber as a thermal insulation layer to reduce heat loss. The inner wall surface of the heat exchanger 8 contains a gas guide plate 803, which helps to form turbulence and increase the residence time of hot gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0055] The heat exchanger 8 is also provided with a serpentine sleeve 806 wrapped around the outer wall of the emulsified oil channel, and a phase change material is provided in the serpentine sleeve 806. The emulsified oil channel is a serpentine elbow 805, which can increase the heat exchange area, make the internal structure more compact, save space, and the spiral path also makes the heating more uniform, improving the heating efficiency. With such a configuration, the hot air will not directly contact the serpentine elbow 805. Unlike the direct heating of the material in the box by the traditional heat exchanger, the heat exchanger 8 of the present invention uses the phase change material as the heat exchange medium. Here, the erythritol-based composite phase change material is used as an example. The melting point of the erythritol-based composite phase change material is about 120°C, the price is low, and it is non-toxic and harmless. Through the phase change of the erythritol-based composite phase change material, the ambient temperature in the heat exchanger can be maintained at about 120°C, which can not only effectively evaporate the water in the emulsified oil, but also make the heating temperature not higher than the coking temperature of the oil (about 150°C). (It should be noted that the erythritol-based composite phase change material is used as an example here, and other materials with properties similar to the erythritol-based composite phase change material can also be used as heat exchange media, and all are within the scope of protection of the present invention.) The heat exchanger 8 is provided with a hot gas outlet 802, and the hot gas outlet 802 can be provided with a pressure relief valve leading to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen engine as needed to avoid danger caused by excessive hot gas pressure. The pressure relief valve can be connected to the exhaust pipe for subsequent exhaust treatment to reduce NO x The impact of direct emissions of harmful emissions on the atmosphere.

[0056] In particular, a small amount of demulsifier is added to the emulsified oil to enhance the oil-water separation ability. The combined effect of high temperature and demulsifier is fully utilized to achieve efficient demulsification of emulsified oil. According to the demulsification characteristics of different demulsifiers, epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine polycondensate is selected as a demulsifier. The specific principle is that epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine polycondensate neutralize the negative charge on the surface of water droplets in the emulsion through their cationic properties, weakening the stability of the oil-water interface film; at the same time, they replace or dissolve the natural emulsifier on the interface with good wettability and permeability, causing the interface film to rupture. In addition, these high molecular weight demulsifiers can form macromolecular coils, and through flocculation and bridging, small oil droplets and solid particles are aggregated into larger flocs for easy separation. This demulsifier also has thermal stability and the ability to resist electrolyte interference, can quickly and effectively achieve oil-water separation in a hot atmosphere, and reduce the amount of sludge generated during the treatment process, thereby assisting in accelerating thermal demulsification. The amount of demulsifier is affected by factors such as the engine type, and is generally between 0.01% and 0.5% of the oil mass. The amount of demulsifier is controlled to prevent excessive demulsifier from destroying the original balance of the engine oil. It should be noted that the polycondensate of epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine is only a demulsifier with a better effect in the specific example of the present invention. Other demulsifiers with similar effects applied to the device of the present invention also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The emulsified oil heating system further comprises an online water content detector 10 and a temperature sensor 9, which are used to monitor the water content of the emulsified oil and the temperature of the emulsified oil respectively; a liquid level detector 13 is arranged in the clean oil tank.

[0058] The present invention realizes multiple control of the vortex tube heating system through an online water content detector 10, a flow control valve 3 and an ejector 4. The online water content detector 10 is used as a starting device for the entire system to measure the water content of the engine oil, and transmits a signal to the controller unit 1 after the water content reaches a threshold value. The controller unit 1 controls the opening and opening of the flow control valve 3 according to the engine working condition, and adjusts the exhaust flow entering the emulsified engine oil demulsification system. At the same time, the flow control valve 3 also monitors the exhaust volume of the hydrogen engine input into the demulsification system in real time, and only opens a large flow when the engine high-speed and high-load working condition causes excessive exhaust energy, so as to avoid the negative effects of excessive exhaust introduction on the hydrogen engine, such as power loss and increased fuel consumption. The temperature sensor 9 is used as an auxiliary monitoring device. When the monitored engine oil temperature is low and the water content is high, the controller unit 1 controls the opening of the flow control valve 3 to increase; when the monitored engine oil temperature is high and the water content is reduced to below a certain threshold (such as 20%), the opening of the flow control valve 3 is reduced to closed, and the heating is stopped, thereby improving the accuracy of the demulsification system.

[0059] See also Figure 6 and 7 In order to achieve rapid separation of oil and gas, the oil-gas separator 7 also includes an oleophilic guide diverter plate 703, a rotor 705, a buoy 706, a liquid level controller 707, an oil drain port 708 and a splash shield 701 arranged in the oil-gas separation chamber 710; the oleophilic guide diverter plate 703 is arranged close to the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber 710 and is opposite to the engine oil inlet 702, the rotor 705 is connected to the oleophilic guide diverter plate 703, and is spirally arranged downward along the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber 710; the splash shield 701 is arranged obliquely downward below the rotor 705; the liquid level controller 707 is connected to the buoy 706, and is used to control the opening and closing of the bottom oil drain port 708 according to the liquid level; the exhaust port 704 is arranged above the oil-gas separation chamber 710, and the cold air inlet 709 and the exhaust port 704 form an inverted L-shaped curved pipe structure that first obliquely upwards and then obliquely downwards.

[0060] After the gas-containing oil hits the lipophilic guide diverter plate 703, the oil adheres to the lipophilic guide diverter plate 703, while most of the water vapor is directly separated out by buoyancy due to its low density. At the same time, the gas-containing oil will flow into the rotor under the guidance of the diverter plate 703, and the diversion direction of the diverter plate 703 is consistent with the initial rotation direction of the rotor. After the oil and gas enter, they will rotate along the wall. Due to the centrifugal force, the oil has a high density and contacts the cold wall, gradually flowing downward along the wall, while the low-density hot water vapor is in the center of the separator, and in the high-temperature atmosphere, it is further floated and flows out of the separation pipeline.

[0061] The splash shield 701 is installed inside the separator. The fluid descends and encounters the splash shield to reduce agitation. The baffle is not completely closed. The inclined structure allows the oil to flow downward while ensuring direct interaction with the interface liquid level controller. This can prevent the wrong acquisition of the liquid level at the oil-water separation interface. The liquid level controller 707 is set at the bottom of the oil-gas separator 7, connecting the buoy 706 inside the oil-gas separator 7 and the external pipeline switch. The buoy 706 is located inside the shell and can float up and down with the liquid level. The controller is pulled to open and close the pipeline. When the oil-water mixture enters the separator 7, the water vapor is discharged from the exhaust port 704, and the oil flows out from the oil discharge port 708 after gravity sedimentation and rotational centrifugation.

[0062] The exhaust pipe 704 of the oil-gas separator 7 is directed upwards first and then downwards along the exhaust direction. It is directed upwards first, and the water vapor can be driven to flow out of the oil-gas separator quickly through the guidance of the cold exhaust gas, while preventing the cold exhaust gas from entering the oil-gas separator 7 and causing the water vapor to condense in the oil-gas separator 7. It is directed downwards later, and the gravity of the liquid water can be used to quickly discharge the liquid water without it flowing back to the oil-gas separator 7.

[0063] The oil-gas separator system is arranged in front of the clean oil tank 11 and after the emulsified oil heating system. The separated oil enters the clean oil tank through the oil drain port 708 for use by the oil pump. The dual oil tank interactive system can prevent all the oil from aging rapidly due to emulsification. At the same time, the clean oil tank is convenient for supplying clean oil to the hydrogen engine to ensure the lubrication capacity of the engine, and the oil in the clean oil tank can be replenished through a small oil pump.

[0064] In particular, the device also includes a controller unit 1, which is used to control the operation of the vortex tube system, the emulsified oil heating system, the oil-gas separation system and the dual fuel tank interactive system according to the water content of the oil, the engine operating condition and the oil temperature. In order to reduce the impact of demulsification on the performance of the engine body, the present invention only performs demulsification under large and medium load conditions of the hydrogen engine, which requires better oil quality; and the exhaust energy under large and medium load conditions is sufficient, and part of the exhaust energy can be separated without affecting the performance of the hydrogen engine. At the same time, in order to prevent the exhaust gas from damaging the device due to excessively high temperatures, it is necessary to control the exhaust diversion volume through a flow control valve, and at the same time, the phase change material stabilizes the heating temperature through its own phase change to prevent the oil from coking.

[0065] The engine controller unit 1 is used as a control terminal for the operation of the oil demulsification system. The controller unit 1 controls the operation degree of the demulsification system according to parameters such as the water content of the oil, the engine operating conditions, and the ambient temperature; controls the exhaust gas supply according to the oil temperature in the oil heating system; and controls the flow of the return circulation system according to the return exhaust gas temperature.

[0066] The present invention also provides an engine emulsified oil demulsification method, comprising: determining whether it is necessary to open a small oil pump 14 according to the oil content in a clean oil tank 11, so as to transport the existing emulsified oil in the oil pan to the emulsified oil heating system for oil-gas separation; when demulsification is required, opening the small oil pump 14, and inputting hot air into the emulsified oil heating system through a vortex tube system to heat the emulsified oil, and after the heated emulsified oil enters the oil-gas separation system to separate the water, the clean oil enters the clean oil tank 11 for engine lubrication.

[0067] The working process of the present invention is described in detail below:

[0068] When the engine is frequently cold started or driven short distances, the engine body temperature is low. Water vapor liquefies when it encounters the colder hydrogen engine cylinder and easily mixes with the engine oil in the oil pan to form an emulsified state.

[0069] The online water detector 10 detects the water content of the engine oil. When the water content reaches a threshold, a signal is transmitted to the hydrogen engine controller unit 1. The controller unit 1 determines whether it is in a large or medium operating condition based on the current speed of the hydrogen engine and the throttle opening. When the conditions are met, the controller unit 1 controls the valve plate of the flow control valve 3 to open, and the exhaust gas of the hydrogen engine flows into the demulsification system, and the demulsification system starts to work.

[0070] The appropriate gas pressure is output according to the pressure-temperature curve of the vortex tube 6. It should be noted that the exhaust temperature and pressure of different types of hydrogen engines are also different, so the output pressure should be reasonably set according to the exhaust pressure and temperature of the hydrogen engine.

[0071] The engine exhaust flows into the vortex tube 6. Since the outer wall of the threaded vortex tube 6 is a thread groove in the same tangential direction as the intake air, it can strengthen the vortex effect and improve the energy separation effect. The unique structure of the vortex tube 6 can form a vortex in the vortex chamber with the engine exhaust entering the tube and produce an energy separation effect, so that the outer circle gas temperature is higher and the inner circle gas temperature is lower. The countercurrent structure makes the cold and hot separation effect more obvious, and the cold and hot ends release cold and hot gases respectively.

[0072] The structural improvement of the vortex tube 6 enables it to better adapt to the internal working conditions of the hydrogen engine. The aspect ratio of the vortex tube example here is 12.5, and a six-way spiral nozzle and a thread structure are used. The improved threaded vortex tube 6 of the present invention can promote the flow of heat flow outside the vortex tube, and achieve better cold and hot separation when the engine exhaust gas with a suitable pressure is introduced, and the hot end temperature can reach 120°C.

[0073] The heated gas flows into the heat exchanger 8. The unique serpentine pipe of the heat exchanger 8 makes the heating area larger and the heating more uniform. At the same time, the heat conduction mode of the phase change material also avoids the phenomenon of oil coking. A pressure relief valve can be set at the exhaust of the heat exchanger 8, connected to the exhaust pipe, to play a role in safety and voltage stabilization. At this time, the cylindrical heat exchanger 8 heats the oil uniformly in an air bath, and at the same time stabilizes the hot gas just released from the hot end 605 of the vortex tube.

[0074] The gas generated at the hot end 605 of the vortex tube is refluxed through another opening at the bottom of the heat exchanger 8, and the hot air flows in and out from the top and bottom, making the heating more uniform.

[0075] Furthermore, the reflux gas flows through the ejector 4 through the reflux pipe 5, and the speed reaches the maximum at its throat, and the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy. The high-speed airflow forms a low-pressure area in the receiving chamber 402, and the reflux gas is sucked into the receiving chamber 402 and preliminarily mixed with the high-speed airflow. The mixed gas is further fully mixed in the mixing chamber 405, and decelerated in the diffusion chamber 406, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy to obtain a compressed mixed gas. The hot gas reflux can balance the pressure in the heat exchanger 8 and prevent danger caused by excessive air pressure. At the same time, the gas entering the vortex tube 6 is preheated to improve the heat utilization rate and compensate for the heat loss of the hot gas flowing in the pipeline.

[0076] The system determines the opening and closing angle of the flow control valve 3 by monitoring the changes in the engine oil temperature and the water content of the engine oil. Specifically, when the engine oil temperature is low and the water content is high, the controller unit 1 controls the flow control valve 3 to increase its opening; when the engine oil temperature is high and the water content is reduced to below 20%, the flow control valve 3 is reduced to closed and heating stops.

[0077] The system determines the on / off state of the small oil pump 14 by periodically detecting the oil content in the clean oil tank. Specifically, the oil content in the clean oil tank 11 is detected once every minute, and the average value is calculated after 5 consecutive detections. The signal is transmitted to the hydrogen engine controller unit 1. When the oil content in the clean oil tank 11 is insufficient, the controller unit 1 sends a signal to promptly open the small oil pump 14 to call the existing emulsified oil in the oil pan, and after demulsification, it is stored in the clean oil tank 11 for use by the oil pump 12. When the average value of the oil volume detected 5 times reaches a safe level, the operation of the small oil pump 14 is stopped.

[0078] Furthermore, after the heated engine oil passes through the oil-gas separator 7, the mixture hits the inlet manifold plate and most of the gas is separated. Since the cold end 602 of the vortex tube forms a low-pressure area, the water vapor can be separated from the oil-gas separator 7 under the action of the pressure difference. The gravity of the oil droplets is relatively large, and they will not be sucked into the cold air pipe together with the water vapor, but will be discharged from the oil outlet after gravity sedimentation.

[0079] Furthermore, since the gas temperature at the cold end 602 of the vortex tube is relatively low and the pressure is relatively small, the water vapor coming out of the oil-gas separator 7 is mixed with the cold end gas under the action of the pressure difference. At this time, the water vapor with higher temperature encounters the cold air wall with lower temperature to liquefy, and is finally discharged from the body together with the cold end gas.

[0080] Furthermore, the oil can be regarded as pure oil after being processed by the oil-gas separator 7, and flows into the provided oil tank, which serves as a transition device to prevent the oil pump 12 from directly acting on the oil-gas separator and causing excessive negative pressure to damage the device. Finally, the oil pump 12 supplies pure oil to the entire hydrogen engine system to complete the cycle.

[0081] Finally, after the online water content detector 10 detects that the water content of the engine oil is reduced to a predetermined value, it transmits a signal to the controller unit 1, and the controller unit 1 controls the flow control valve 3 to close, the demulsification system stops running, and the engine oil demulsification is completed.

[0082] In summary, the present invention uses a vortex tube as an auxiliary heating device, fully utilizes the energy of the hydrogen engine exhaust to heat the engine oil, and designs a phase change material medium coupled heat exchanger, which can achieve effective heating of the emulsified oil while preventing the engine oil from coking. Under the joint action of high temperature and demulsifier, the emulsified engine oil is efficiently demulsified, and then the oil-water vapor is separated to obtain non-emulsified oil under the action of the oil-gas separator. The present invention designs a dual-engine oil tank system that can separate the emulsified engine oil and non-emulsified oil, so that the engine oil passing through the hydrogen engine oil pump is non-emulsified oil, ensuring the normal lubrication of the hydrogen engine. The energy of the entire system comes from the engine exhaust energy, and no external energy is required, which is in line with the idea of ​​energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0083] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine emulsified oil demulsification device, characterized in that: It comprises a vortex tube system, an emulsified oil heating system, an oil-gas separation system and a dual oil tank interaction system; the vortex tube system comprises a vortex tube (6), the vortex tube (6) comprises an air inlet (610), a front cold air outlet (601) and a rear hot air outlet (608); the air inlet (610) is connected to an engine exhaust pipe (2); The emulsified oil heating system comprises a heat exchanger (8), the heat exchanger (8) comprising an emulsified oil channel, a hot air inlet (801) and a hot air outlet (802), the hot air inlet (801) being in communication with the rear pipe hot air outlet (608), the hot air outlet (802) being in communication with the air inlet (610) of the vortex tube (6), and being used for heating the emulsified oil through heat exchange; The oil-gas separation system comprises an oil-gas separator (7), and the oil-gas separator (7) comprises an engine oil inlet (702), an oil-gas separation chamber (710), a cold air inlet (709) and an exhaust port (704); the engine oil inlet (702) is connected to the outlet of the emulsified engine oil passage, the cold air inlet (709) is respectively connected to the front cold air outlet (601) and the exhaust port (704), and the exhaust port (704) is used to discharge separated water; The dual oil tank interactive system comprises a pure oil tank (11), an oil pump (12), a small oil pump (14) and an oil supply pipeline; the pure oil tank (11) is connected to the oil discharge port (708) of the oil-gas separation chamber (710); the oil pump (12) is connected to the pure oil tank (11) and is used to transport pure oil to the engine through the oil supply pipeline to achieve lubrication; the small oil pump (14) is used to transport emulsified oil to the inlet of the emulsified oil channel to achieve heat exchange.

2. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex tube (6) also includes a vortex chamber (603) connected to the air inlet (610), a six-channel spiral nozzle (609) arranged in the vortex chamber (603), and a vortex tube cold pipe (602) and a vortex tube heat pipe (605) respectively arranged on both sides of the vortex chamber (603); a cold air blocking knob (606) and a knob cover (607) are provided at the rear tube hot air outlet (608) end of the vortex tube heat pipe (605) for blocking the cold air flow from returning to the vortex tube cold pipe (602) and flowing out from the front cold air outlet (601).

3. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex tube system further comprises an ejector (4) and a flow control valve (3); the engine exhaust pipeline is connected to the flow control valve (3) and the ejector (4) in sequence; the ejector (4) is also connected to the air outlet of the hot gas channel and the air inlet (610) of the vortex tube (6) respectively, and is used to mix the return gas of the heat exchanger (8) and the engine exhaust gas and then pass them into the vortex tube (6).

4. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ejector (4) comprises a receiving chamber (402), a mixing chamber (405) and a diffusion chamber (406) which are connected in sequence; the receiving chamber (402) is provided with an engine exhaust inlet (401) and a return air inlet (404), respectively; a multi-slit slotted nozzle (403) is provided at the inlet end of the engine exhaust inlet (401) in the receiving chamber (402); and the diffusion chamber (406) is connected to an air inlet (610) of the vortex tube (6).

5. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (8) is a sleeve structure, the emulsified oil channel is arranged in the sleeve, and the gas flows into the cavity of the sleeve from the hot gas inlet (801), exchanges heat with the emulsified oil channel, and then flows out from the hot gas outlet (802).

6. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (8) is a sleeve-coil coupling heat exchanger, and a serpentine sleeve (806) wrapped around the outer wall of the emulsified oil channel is also provided in the heat exchanger (8), and a phase change material medium is contained in the serpentine sleeve (806); the emulsified oil channel is a serpentine elbow (805); the inner wall surface of the heat exchanger (8) is also provided with a gas guide plate (803), and a demulsifier is added to the emulsified oil.

7. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsified oil heating system further comprises an online water content detector (10) and a temperature sensor (9), which are used to monitor the water content of the emulsified oil and the temperature of the emulsified oil respectively; and a liquid level detector (13) is provided in the clean oil tank (11).

8. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil-gas separator (7) further comprises an oleophilic guide flow divider plate (703), a rotary vane (705), a float (706), a liquid level controller (707), an oil discharge port (708) and a splash shield (701) arranged in the oil-gas separation chamber (710); The oleophilic guide flow divider plate (703) is arranged closely against the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber (710) and is opposite to the engine oil inlet (702); the rotary vane (705) is connected to the oleophilic guide flow divider plate (703) and is arranged spirally downward along the inner wall of the oil-gas separation chamber (710); the splash shield (701) is arranged obliquely downward below the rotary vane (705); The liquid level controller (707) is connected to the float (706) and is used to control the opening and closing of the bottom oil discharge port (708) according to the liquid level; The exhaust port (704) is arranged above the oil-gas separation chamber (710), and the cold air inlet (709) and the exhaust port (704) form an inverted L-shaped curved pipe structure that first tilts upward and then tilts downward.

9. The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The device also includes a controller unit (1) for controlling the operation of the vortex tube system, the emulsified oil heating system, the oil-gas separation system and the dual oil tank interaction system according to the oil water content, the engine operating condition and the oil temperature.

10. A method for demulsifying emulsified engine oil, characterized in that: The engine emulsified oil demulsification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: determining whether it is necessary to open a small oil pump (14) according to the oil content in a clean oil tank (11) so as to transport the existing emulsified oil in the oil pan to an emulsified oil heating system for oil-gas separation; determining whether heat exchange demulsification is required according to the water content in the emulsified oil; when demulsification is required, opening the small oil pump (14) and inputting hot air into the emulsified oil heating system through a vortex tube system to heat the emulsified oil, after which the heated emulsified oil enters the oil-gas separation system to separate the water, and then the clean oil enters the clean oil tank (11) for engine lubrication.

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