Four-way valve

Abstract

The four-way valve comprises a valve body, a first valve assembly and a second valve assembly, the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly are arranged on the valve body, a vertical first main valve hole and a vertical second main valve hole are formed in the valve body, and a first connector and a third connector which communicate with the first main valve hole are formed in the side face of the valve body; the side face of the valve body is further provided with a fourth connector communicated with the second main valve hole, the first main valve hole is communicated with the second main valve hole through a first channel, the bottom of the valve body is provided with a second channel communicated with the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, and the second channel is communicated with a second connector. Through the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly, switching among all connectors of the four-way valve is achieved, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the valve element can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluid control, and in particular to a four-way valve. Background Art

[0002] The refrigeration system includes a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a throttling element and a reversing valve. An electronic expansion valve is usually used as a throttling element, and a four-way valve is used to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant. The four-way valve in the prior art usually adopts a ball valve or a flat valve core structure or a combination structure of four solenoid valves, which has a relatively complex structure and a relatively difficult manufacturing process. The ball valve structure requires precision machining of the ball valve core and the valve seat, and ensures the sealing performance between the two, which has a high manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a four-way valve which can reduce manufacturing costs and improve valve core sealing performance.

[0004] The present invention provides a four-way valve, comprising a valve body, a first valve assembly and a second valve assembly arranged on the valve body, wherein a first vertical main valve hole and a second main valve hole are arranged in the valve body, a first interface and a third interface communicating with the first main valve hole are arranged on the side of the valve body, a fourth interface communicating with the second main valve hole is also arranged on the side of the valve body, the first main valve hole is connected to the second main valve hole through a first channel, a second channel communicating with the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole is arranged at the bottom of the valve body, and the second channel is connected to the second interface; the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly comprise a valve seat, an actuator arranged in the valve seat, and an actuator arranged on the actuator and used to drive The driving mechanism of the actuator, the valve seat includes a hollow valve seat body arranged in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat body is provided with two annular make way grooves, the annular make way grooves are distributed up and down along the axis of the valve seat body, the side of the valve seat body is provided with a first valve hole and a second valve hole that penetrates the valve seat body, the first valve hole and the second valve hole are respectively located in the two annular make way grooves, the first channel is connected to the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole corresponding to the uppermost annular make way groove, the first channel is connected to the first interface, the third interface is connected to the first main valve hole corresponding to the lowermost annular make way groove, the fourth The interface is communicated with the second main valve hole corresponding to the annular give way groove at the bottom, the second channel is communicated with the first main valve hole and the bottom of the second main valve hole, and the side surface of the valve seat body is in contact with the inner wall of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole; the driving mechanism includes a sleeve, a rotor arranged in the sleeve, a coil arranged outside the sleeve for driving the rotor to rotate, a screw rod fixedly connected to the rotor, and a nut matched with the screw rod and drivingly connected to the actuator, the actuator includes a valve core, the nut is drivingly connected to the valve core, and the valve core only moves in the vertical direction; a first sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core, and the second channel is connected to the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole. A second sealing hole is provided in the valve seat body at the connection of the hole and the second main valve hole, and a first sealing hole is provided in the valve seat body between the two annular give way grooves. When the valve core is in a lower state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the second sealing hole are gap-matched, the first sealing ring and the second sealing hole are sealed, and the first sealing ring closes the connection between the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole and the second channel; when the valve core is in an upper state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the first sealing hole are gap-matched, the first sealing ring and the first sealing hole are sealed, and the first sealing ring closes the inner cavity of the valve seat body between the first valve hole and the second valve hole.

[0005] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core is provided with a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring in sequence from top to bottom, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are separated by a predetermined distance; when the valve core is in a lower state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the second sealing hole gap cooperate, the second sealing ring cooperates with the second sealing hole to seal, and the second sealing ring closes the connection between the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole and the second channel; when the valve core is in an upper state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the first sealing hole gap cooperate, the first sealing ring cooperates with the first sealing hole to seal, and the first sealing ring closes the inner cavity of the valve seat body between the first valve hole and the second valve hole.

[0006] In some embodiments, the positions of the valve cores in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole are opposite during operation. When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in a lower position, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in an upper position. When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in an upper position, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in a lower position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first channel and the second channel are parallel to each other, and axes of the first channel and the second channel are perpendicular to axes of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the third interface and the fourth interface are located on the first side of the same side of the valve body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first interface and the second interface are located on a third side and a fourth side on opposite sides of the valve body, and the third side and the fourth side are adjacent to the first side.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first interface and the second interface are located on a third side or a fourth side of the same side of the valve body, and the third side and the fourth side are adjacent to the first side.

[0011] In some embodiments, the third interface and the fourth interface are located on a second side surface of the same side of the valve body.

[0012] The present invention provides a four-way valve, including a valve body, a first valve component and a second valve component arranged on the valve body, the valve body is provided with a vertical first main valve hole and a second main valve hole, the side of the valve body is provided with a first interface and a third interface connected to the first main valve hole, the side of the valve body is also provided with a fourth interface connected to the second main valve hole, the first main valve hole is connected to the second main valve hole through a first channel, the bottom of the valve body is provided with a second channel connected to the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, and the second channel is connected to the second interface; the first valve component and the second valve component are used to realize switching between the interfaces of the four-way valve, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the sealing of the valve core. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 Embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the valve seat, actuator and drive mechanism (except the coil);

[0015] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a four-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a four-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first sealing ring structure.

[0018] Among them, the serial number description is as follows: 1. valve body; 11. first interface; 12. second interface; 13. third interface; 14. fourth interface; 15. first main valve hole; 16. second main valve hole; 17. first side surface; 18. second side surface; 19. third side surface; 21. fourth side surface; 22. first channel; 23. second channel; 27. rubber O-type sealing ring; 28. rubber O-type sealing ring; 29. ​​rubber O-type sealing ring; 30. rubber O-type sealing ring; 100. driving mechanism; 101. sleeve; 102. rotor; 103. coil; 104. screw; 1041. second balancing hole; 105. nut; 1051. lug; 20 0. Actuator; 201. Valve core; 202. First sealing ring; 2021. Recess; 203. Second sealing ring; 204. First balancing hole; 205. Retaining ring; 206. Separating ring; 207. Retaining ring; 300. Valve seat; 301. Valve seat body; 302. Annular clearance groove; 303. Annular clearance groove; 304. First valve hole; 305. Second valve hole; 306. Second sealing hole; 307. First sealing hole; 308. Inner hole; 3011. Connecting seat; 3012. First valve seat; 3013. Second valve seat; 4. Support frame; 401. Groove; 5. Bearing; 80. First valve assembly; 90. Second valve assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the figures, the thickness of regions and layers are exaggerated for clarity. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0020] The described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solution of the present invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, known structures, materials or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring various aspects of the present invention.

[0021] refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a four-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a valve body 1, a first valve assembly 80 and a second valve assembly 90 arranged on the valve body, the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly include a valve seat 300, an actuator 200 arranged in the valve seat, and a driving mechanism 100 arranged on the actuator and used to drive the actuator.

[0022] A vertical first main valve hole 15 and a second main valve hole 16 are provided in the valve body, a first interface 11 and a third interface 13 communicating with the first main valve hole 15 are provided on the side of the valve body, a fourth interface 14 communicating with the second main valve hole 16 is also provided on the side of the valve body, the first main valve hole 11 is connected to the second main valve hole 16 through a first channel 22, a second channel 23 communicating with the first main valve hole 15 and the second main valve hole 16 is provided at the bottom of the valve body, and the second channel is connected to the second interface 12. The first channel and the second channel are parallel to each other, and the axes of the first channel and the second channel are perpendicular to the axes of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole.

[0023] Define the plane where the axes of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole are located as the reference plane, the bottom and top surfaces of the valve body are perpendicular to the axes of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, the sides of the valve body parallel to the reference plane are the first side 17 and the second side 18, and the adjacent sides of the valve body are the third side 19 and the fourth side 21. The third interface and the fourth interface are located on the first side of the same side of the valve body, and can also be located on the second side of the same side of the valve body. The first interface and the second interface are located on the third side and the fourth side of the opposite sides of the valve body, respectively. In some embodiments, the first interface and the second interface can also be located on the third side or the fourth side of the same side of the valve body, and the third interface and the fourth interface can also be located on the second side of the same side of the valve body, so as to facilitate pipeline connection.

[0024] The valve seat 300 comprises a hollow valve seat body 301 arranged in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, and the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat body is provided with two annular clearance grooves 302 and 303, and the annular clearance grooves are distributed up and down along the axis of the valve seat body, and the side of the valve seat body is provided with a first valve hole 304 and a second valve hole 305 penetrating the valve seat body, and the first valve hole and the second valve hole are respectively located in the two annular clearance grooves. The first channel 22 is connected to the first main valve hole 15 and the second main valve hole 16 corresponding to the uppermost annular clearance groove 302, the first channel 22 is connected to the first interface 11, the third interface 13 is connected to the first main valve hole 15 corresponding to the lowermost annular clearance groove, the fourth interface 14 is connected to the second main valve hole 16 corresponding to the lowermost annular clearance groove, the second channel 23 is connected to the bottom of the first main valve hole 15 and the second main valve hole 16, and the side of the valve seat body 301 is in contact with the inner wall of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole.

[0025] The driving mechanism 100 includes a sleeve 101, a rotor 102 disposed in the sleeve, a coil 103 disposed outside the sleeve for driving the rotor to rotate, a screw 104 fixedly connected to the rotor, and a nut 105 matched with the screw and drivingly connected to the actuator.

[0026] The actuator 200 includes a valve core 201, and the nut 105 is drivingly connected to the valve core 201, and the valve core only moves in the vertical direction; the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core 201 is provided with a first sealing ring 202 and a second sealing ring 203 from top to bottom, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are separated by a predetermined distance; a second sealing hole 306 is provided at the connection between the second channel 23 and the first main valve hole 15 and the second main valve hole 16, and a first sealing hole 307 is provided in the valve seat body between the two annular give way grooves, and the first sealing ring 202 and the second sealing ring 203 are located at the first sealing hole 307 and Between the second sealing hole 306, when the valve core 201 is in the lower state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the second sealing hole 306 are gap-matched, and the second sealing ring 203 and the second sealing hole 306 are matched, that is, the second sealing ring closes the connection between the first main valve hole 15 and the second main valve hole 16 and the second channel 23; when the valve core 201 is in the upper state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core and the first sealing hole 307 are gap-matched, and the first sealing ring 202 and the first sealing hole 307 are sealed, that is, the first sealing ring 202 closes the inner cavity of the valve seat body between the first valve hole and the second valve hole.

[0027] The upper end of the valve core has a recess, the nut 105 is accommodated in the recess and fixed to the valve core with a retaining ring 205 to prevent the nut from falling out, the nut 105 includes a lug 1051, the side wall of the valve core recess has a notch, and the lug of the nut extends out of the notch to prevent the nut from rotating. The valve core has a first balancing hole 204 that runs through from top to bottom, the valve seat body includes an inner hole 308 that matches the clearance of the upper end of the valve core, the upper end of the valve core matches the inner hole 308 of the valve seat body, a sealing ring 30 is arranged between the upper end of the valve core and the valve seat body, and the screw has a second balancing hole 1041 that runs through from top to bottom, the inner hole is equal to the diameter of the first sealing hole 307 and the second sealing hole 306, and the diameter of the middle section of the valve core is smaller than the diameter of the two ends, so as to facilitate the flow of the medium. With the valve core pressure balance structure, the driving torque required for opening or closing the valve core is not affected by the pressure of each interface, and it can be applied to high pressure conditions and can also adapt to the situation where the closed interface has back pressure. The valve core pressure balance structure is adopted, and the required rotation torque is small. The valve core only moves up and down without rotating, which reduces the wear between the valve core and the valve seat and improves the sealing performance.

[0028] In this technical solution, the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are separated by a predetermined distance through a separating ring, which can reduce the movement stroke of the valve core and realize rapid switching of the medium flow direction. The switching function can also be realized by using the first sealing ring alone, but the movement stroke of the valve core is increased and the switching is relatively slow.

[0029] During operation, the valve core position states in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole are opposite. When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in the lower state, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in the upper state. At this time, the first interface is connected to the third interface, and the fourth interface is connected to the second interface. When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in the upper state, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in the lower state. At this time, the second interface is connected to the third interface, and the first interface is connected to the fourth interface. By using two valve assemblies, switching between the interfaces of the four-way valve can be achieved. Compared with the combined switching of four solenoid valves, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the sealing of the valve core can be improved.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the four-way valve includes a support frame 4 and a bearing 5, the support frame 4 is fixed to the upper end of the valve seat body 301, the bearing is fixed to the upper end of the support frame, the bearing is fixedly connected to the screw 104, and the support frame also includes a longitudinal groove 401, and the lug of the nut extends into the longitudinal groove to prevent the nut and the valve core from rotating. In other embodiments, the lug is radially extended by a retaining ring to prevent the valve core from rotating, and a special-shaped retaining ring is used to prevent the nut from rotating, which can achieve the design purpose.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the valve seat body 301 includes a connecting seat 3011, a first valve seat 3012 with a side wall, and a second valve seat 3013 with a side wall, which are fixedly connected in sequence. They are connected after being processed separately, which reduces the difficulty of parts processing. The side surfaces of the valve seat body on the upper and lower sides of the annular clearance grooves 302 and 303 are provided with rubber O-rings 27, 28, and 29 for sealing the valve seat body with the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole. Except for the coil, the valve seat, the actuator and the drive mechanism form a whole, which are fixed in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole through the threaded insertion of the connecting seat, and the coil is directly fixed on the end face of the valve body by screws.

[0032] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the first sealing ring 202 or the second sealing ring 203 is dumbbell-shaped, that is, there is a recess 2021 in the middle, and the lower end of the valve core is provided with a corresponding annular sealing groove matching the cross-section of the first sealing ring or the second sealing ring. Specifically, the lower end of the valve core is provided with a step, a first sealing ring, a separating ring 206, a second sealing ring, and a retaining ring 207 in sequence, wherein the step, the separating ring, and the retaining ring cross-section protrude in the middle and protrude into the recessed portion of the cross-section of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring, thereby limiting the first sealing ring or the second sealing ring from coming out.

[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Four-way valve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body, a first valve assembly and a second valve assembly arranged on the valve body, wherein a first vertical main valve hole and a second main valve hole are arranged in the valve body, a first interface and a third interface communicating with the first main valve hole are arranged on the side of the valve body, a fourth interface communicating with the second main valve hole is also arranged on the side of the valve body, the first main valve hole is communicated with the second main valve hole through a first channel, a second channel communicating with the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole is arranged at the bottom of the valve body, and the second channel is communicated with the second interface; the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly comprise a valve seat, an actuator arranged in the valve seat, and a driver arranged on the actuator and used to drive the actuator The valve seat comprises a hollow valve seat body arranged in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole, the outer peripheral surface of the valve seat body is provided with two annular make way grooves, the annular make way grooves are distributed up and down along the axis of the valve seat body, the side surface of the valve seat body is provided with a first valve hole and a second valve hole penetrating the valve seat body, the first valve hole and the second valve hole are respectively located in the two annular make way grooves, the first channel is communicated with the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole corresponding to the uppermost annular make way groove, the first channel is communicated with the first interface, the third interface is communicated with the first main valve hole corresponding to the lowermost annular make way groove, and the fourth interface is communicated with the lowermost The annular give way groove of the valve seat is connected to the second main valve hole corresponding to the second main valve hole, the second channel is connected to the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole bottom, the side surface of the valve seat body is in contact with the inner wall of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole; the driving mechanism includes a sleeve, a rotor arranged in the sleeve, a coil arranged outside the sleeve for driving the rotor to rotate, a screw rod fixedly connected to the rotor, and a nut matched with the screw rod and drivingly connected to the actuator, the actuator includes a valve core, the nut is drivingly connected to the valve core, and the valve core only moves in the vertical direction; a first sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core, and the second channel is connected to the first main valve hole, the second main valve hole and the second main valve hole. A second sealing hole is provided in the valve seat body at the connection of the two main valve holes, and a first sealing hole is provided in the valve seat body between the two annular give-way grooves. When the valve core is in a lower state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core is gap-matched with the second sealing hole, the first sealing ring is sealed in cooperation with the second sealing hole, and the first sealing ring closes the connection between the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole and the second channel; when the valve core is in an upper state, the outer periphery of the lower end of the valve core is gap-matched with the first sealing hole, the first sealing ring is sealed in cooperation with the first sealing hole, and the first sealing ring closes the inner cavity of the valve seat body between the first valve hole and the second valve hole.

2. The four-way electric valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the lower end of the valve core is provided with a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring in sequence from top to bottom, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are spaced a predetermined distance apart; when the valve core is in a lower state, the outer circumference of the lower end of the valve core and the second sealing hole are gap-matched, the second sealing ring and the second sealing hole are sealed in cooperation, and the second sealing ring closes the connection between the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole and the second channel; when the valve core is in an upper state, the outer circumference of the lower end of the valve core and the first sealing hole are gap-matched, the first sealing ring and the first sealing hole are sealed in cooperation, and the first sealing ring closes the inner cavity of the valve seat body between the first valve hole and the second valve hole.

3. The four-way valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: During operation, the valve core positions in the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole are opposite.

4. The four-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in a lower state, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in an upper state.

5. The four-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the valve core position in the first main valve hole is in an upper state, the valve core position in the second main valve hole is in a lower state.

6. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first channel and the second channel are parallel to each other, and axes of the first channel and the second channel are perpendicular to axes of the first main valve hole and the second main valve hole.

7. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third interface and the fourth interface are located on the first side surface of the same side of the valve body.

8. The four-way valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first interface and the second interface are located on a third side surface and a fourth side surface on opposite sides of the valve body, and the third side surface and the fourth side surface are adjacent to the first side surface.

9. The four-way valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first interface and the second interface are located on a third side surface or a fourth side surface of the same side surface of the valve body, and the third side surface and the fourth side surface are adjacent to the first side surface.

10. The four-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third interface and the fourth interface are located on the second side surface of the same side of the valve body.

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