Hydrogen pressure reducing valve

Abstract

The hydrogen pressure reducing valve comprises a shell, an upper pressure reducing assembly, a lower pressure reducing assembly and a valve element rod, the upper pressure reducing assembly and the lower pressure reducing assembly are both arranged in the shell, zigzag pressure reducing gaps in the upper pressure reducing assembly and the lower pressure reducing assembly are gradually reduced in the airflow direction, and the valve element rod can be in sealing fit with a valve element taper hole in the shell. The high-pressure hydrogen is effectively depressurized by adopting the zigzag decompression gap with the gradually reduced gap, and is depressurized layer by layer by flowing through the multi-layer expansion decompression cavity, so that the pressure of a hydrogen outlet can be accurately controlled, and the pressure of the valve core rod is adjusted through the pressure of the upper valve core opening degree adjusting cavity and the pressure of the lower valve core opening degree adjusting cavity. The position of the valve element rod can be dynamically adjusted in real time, then the opening degree of the upper valve element taper hole and the opening degree of the lower valve element taper hole are controlled, the dynamic balance pressure reduction mode of the valve body is maintained, and therefore stable-pressure output of hydrogen can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure reducing valves, and more particularly to a hydrogen pressure reducing valve. Background Art

[0002] In the complex system of hydrogen energy industry chain, it covers the process from hydrogen production, storage, transportation, filling and other storage and transportation links, to hydrogen supply and final application (fuel cells, hydrogen internal combustion engines, etc.). In view of the unique physical properties of hydrogen, valves, as key components, are not only responsible for the opening and closing of gaseous or liquid hydrogen pipelines, but also bear the heavy responsibility of flow control, transportation parameter adjustment and management. Its importance is self-evident.

[0003] At present, the hydrogen pressure reducing valves commonly used in the market are difficult to accurately reduce the pressure to the range of 0.5 to 1 MPa and maintain the stability of the output pressure when facing high-pressure hydrogen (especially 70 MPa). In addition, in the structure of the pressure reducing valve, the valve stem is directly installed in the cavity for adjustment, lacking the necessary balancing mechanism and independent adjustment structure, which makes it difficult to balance the local pressure of the valve stem, thereby affecting the stability during the adjustment process. Technological innovation is urgently needed to overcome this problem.

[0004] Therefore, how to optimize the structural design of the pressure reducing valve to achieve efficient pressure reduction while ensuring stable output of outlet pressure has become an urgent problem to be solved by researchers in the field of hydrogen energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrogen pressure reducing valve to achieve efficient pressure reduction while ensuring stable output of outlet pressure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A hydrogen pressure reducing valve, comprising:

[0008] A shell, wherein the top and bottom of the shell are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the shell is provided with a first partition, a second partition and a third partition arranged at intervals from top to bottom, the space between the first partition and the top plate of the shell is a first expansion and decompression chamber, the space between the first partition and the second partition is a second expansion and decompression chamber, the space between the second partition and the third partition is a third expansion and decompression chamber, the space between the third partition and the bottom plate of the shell is a fourth expansion and decompression chamber, and the fourth expansion and decompression chamber is communicated with the air outlet, and the An upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder is provided in the second expansion and decompression chamber, and the internal space of the upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder is the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber. A lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder is provided in the fourth expansion and decompression chamber, and the internal space of the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder is the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber. The lower valve core opening adjustment chamber is connected with the fourth expansion and decompression chamber through the air outlet on the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder. A first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the first partition plate, an upper valve core tapered hole and a third through hole are provided on the second partition plate, and a lower valve core tapered hole is provided on the third partition plate.

[0009] An upper decompression component, the upper decompression component is arranged in the first expansion decompression chamber, the upper decompression component divides the first expansion decompression chamber into a first decompression inner chamber and a first decompression outer chamber, the first decompression inner chamber is communicated with the air inlet, the first decompression inner chamber is communicated with the first decompression outer chamber through a first tortuous decompression gap inside the upper decompression component, and the gap size of the first tortuous decompression gap gradually decreases from the first decompression inner chamber to the first decompression outer chamber; the first decompression inner chamber is communicated with the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber through the first through hole; the first decompression outer chamber is communicated with the second expansion decompression chamber through the second through hole;

[0010] A lower decompression assembly, wherein the lower decompression assembly is arranged in the third volume expansion decompression chamber, and the lower decompression assembly divides the third volume expansion decompression chamber into a second decompression inner chamber and a second decompression outer chamber, the second decompression inner chamber is connected to the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber through the upper valve core tapered hole, the second decompression inner chamber is connected to the second decompression outer chamber through a second tortuous decompression gap inside the lower decompression assembly, the gap size of the second tortuous decompression gap gradually decreases from the second decompression inner chamber to the second decompression outer chamber, the second decompression outer chamber is connected to the second volume expansion decompression chamber through the third through hole, and the second decompression inner chamber is connected to the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber through the lower valve core tapered hole;

[0011] A valve core rod, both ends of which are respectively located in the upper valve core opening adjustment cavity and the lower valve core opening adjustment cavity, and the upper valve core cone and the lower valve core cone on the valve core rod move up and down in the upper valve core cone hole and the lower valve core cone hole respectively to control the on and off of the upper valve core cone hole and the lower valve core cone hole.

[0012] Through the above technical scheme, it can be known that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a hydrogen pressure reducing valve. When working, high-pressure hydrogen enters the first pressure reducing inner cavity through the air inlet and is divided into two paths. One path of high-pressure hydrogen passes through the first tortuous pressure reducing gap. Because the first tortuous pressure reducing gap gradually decreases from the first pressure reducing inner cavity to the first pressure reducing outer cavity, that is, due to the sudden decrease in flow area and the viscous resistance of the gas fluid, the gas flow rate will increase, and the gas pressure will decrease accordingly. Therefore, the high-pressure hydrogen enters the first pressure reducing outer cavity through the first tortuous pressure reducing gap, and its pressure will decrease. The gas with reduced pressure enters the second expansion pressure reducing cavity through the second through hole. Because the volume of the second expansion pressure reducing cavity is larger, the pressure of the hydrogen entering the second expansion pressure reducing cavity is further reduced. Then, the reduced-pressure hydrogen enters the second pressure reducing outer cavity of the third expansion pressure reducing cavity through the third through hole. Moreover, because the volume of the second pressure reducing outer cavity is larger, the hydrogen is further reduced in pressure. , the decompressed hydrogen flows through the second tortuous decompression gap. Because the gap of the second tortuous decompression gradually increases from the second decompression inner cavity to the second decompression outer cavity, that is, due to the sudden decrease in the flow area and the viscous resistance of the gas fluid, the gas flow rate will increase, and the gas pressure will decrease accordingly. Therefore, the decompressed hydrogen enters the second decompression inner cavity through the second tortuous decompression gap, and its pressure will decrease again. Then, the decompressed hydrogen enters the lower valve core opening adjustment cavity through the lower valve core cone hole, and finally enters the fourth expansion decompression cavity through the air outlet hole to reduce the pressure again and then discharge from the shell through the air outlet; the other high-pressure hydrogen in the first decompression inner cavity enters the upper valve core opening adjustment cavity through the first through hole, and flows into the second decompression inner cavity through the gap between the upper valve core cone and the upper valve core cone hole, and enters the lower valve core opening adjustment cavity through the gap between the lower valve core cone and the lower valve core cone hole, and finally enters the fourth expansion decompression cavity through the air outlet hole to reduce the pressure again and then discharge from the shell through the air outlet.When the pressure in the upper and lower valve core opening adjustment chambers is equal, the gas will enter the corresponding expansion pressure relief chamber through the upper and lower valve core cone holes for pressure relief. The pressure in the valve core opening regulating chamber increases, and the valve core rod moves downward. At this time, the gap between the downward movement of the upper valve core cone and the upper valve core tapered hole gradually shrinks until it is closed, blocking the gas in the upper valve core opening regulating chamber from entering the second pressure-reducing inner chamber, and the gap between the downward movement of the lower valve core cone and the lower valve core tapered hole gradually expands to the maximum, allowing more gas to be replenished into the lower valve core opening regulating chamber through the lower valve core tapered hole; when the pressure in the upper valve core opening regulating chamber is lower than the pressure in the lower valve core opening regulating chamber, the valve core rod moves upward. At this time, the gap between the upward movement of the upper valve core cone and the upper valve core tapered hole gradually expands to the maximum, and the gap between the upward movement of the lower valve core cone and the lower valve core tapered hole gradually shrinks until it is closed.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention adopts the first tortuous pressure-reducing gap and the second tortuous pressure-reducing gap with gradually decreasing gaps to effectively reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen, and flows through the multi-layer expansion pressure-reducing chamber to reduce the pressure layer by layer, thereby realizing precise control of the hydrogen outlet pressure, and the valve core rod can dynamically adjust its own position in real time through the pressure size of the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber and the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber, thereby controlling the opening size of the upper valve core cone hole and the lower valve core cone hole, maintaining the dynamic balance pressure reduction mode of the valve body, thereby effectively ensuring that hydrogen can be output at a stable pressure.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper decompression assembly includes multiple layers of stacked upper decompression pleated plates, the pleated gap between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates is the first tortuous decompression gap, each of the upper decompression pleated plates is provided with a fourth through hole connected to the first decompression inner cavity, and the lower decompression assembly includes multiple layers of stacked lower decompression pleated plates, the pleated gap between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates is the second tortuous decompression gap, each of the lower decompression pleated plates is provided with a fifth through hole connected to the second decompression inner cavity, and the valve core rod is inserted into the fifth through hole.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: hydrogen is depressurized simultaneously through the multi-layer first tortuous decompression slit and the second tortuous decompression slit, which greatly improves the hydrogen decompression effect. In addition, the fourth through hole is also conducive to the gas located in the first expansion decompression chamber to be sequentially transferred downward through the stacked upper decompression pleated plates and enter the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber, and the fifth through hole is also conducive to the gas located in the second expansion decompression chamber to be sequentially transferred downward through the stacked lower decompression pleated plates and enter the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber, thereby realizing multi-path decompression of hydrogen.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of first upper baffles arranged in the first volume expansion and decompression chamber, and a plurality of first lower baffles arranged in the third volume expansion and decompression chamber;

[0017] The first upper baffle is provided between the upper decompression pleated plate located at the top layer and the top plate of the shell, between the upper decompression pleated plate located at the bottom layer and the first baffle, and between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates. The plurality of the first upper baffles divide the upper decompression pleated plate into a plurality of upper decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates. The plurality of the first upper baffles divide the first decompression inner cavity into a plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities. The plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities are all connected to the air inlet.

[0018] The first lower baffles are provided between the lower decompression pleated plate and the second baffle on the top layer, between the lower decompression pleated plate and the third baffle on the bottom layer, and between two adjacent lower decompression pleated plates. The plurality of the first lower baffles divide the lower decompression pleated plate into a plurality of lower decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates, and the plurality of the first lower baffles divide the second decompression inner cavity into a plurality of lower decompression inner sub-cavities.

[0019] The upper valve core opening adjustment chamber is divided into multiple upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers by multiple second upper partitions, and multiple upper pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers are respectively connected with the corresponding upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers through the corresponding first through holes, and multiple lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers are respectively connected with the corresponding upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers through the corresponding upper valve core tapered holes; the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber is divided into multiple lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers by multiple second lower partitions, and multiple lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers are respectively connected with the corresponding lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers through the corresponding lower valve core tapered holes; there are multiple valve core rods, and the two ends of each valve core rod are respectively located in the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber and the lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: the present invention adopts a structure in which multiple independent areas do not interfere with each other, and each area maintains independent operation during the pressure reduction and pressure stabilization process without interfering with each other. This unique design has a very significant effect on the pressure reduction and pressure stabilization of high-pressure hydrogen.

[0021] Furthermore, an expansion and decompression cylinder is fixed on the upper cavity wall of each upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity, the internal space of the expansion and decompression cylinder is the fifth expansion and decompression cavity, the fifth expansion and decompression cavity is connected with the upper decompression inner sub-cavity through the first through hole, a seventh through hole for connecting the fifth expansion and decompression cavity with the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity is opened on the cylinder wall of the expansion and decompression cylinder, and the upper end of the valve core rod is located in the fifth expansion and decompression cavity;

[0022] A guide cylinder is fixed on the lower cavity wall of each lower valve core opening regulating sub-cavity, and the lower end of the valve core rod is inserted into the guide cylinder.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the setting of the expansion and decompression cylinder and the guide cylinder can accurately guide the up and down movement adjustment of the valve core rod, ensuring that the valve core rod will not deviate and move, thereby ensuring the precise conical sealing cooperation between the upper valve core cone and the lower valve core cone and the upper valve core cone hole and the lower valve core cone hole respectively, and the gas in the upper decompression inner sub-chamber can be depressurized again after entering the fifth expansion and decompression chamber through the first through hole.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of circulation and decompression channels are circumferentially arranged inside the valve core rod located in the lower decompression inner sub-chamber portion, and two adjacent circulation and decompression channels are arranged alternately, and each circulation and decompression channel is provided with a decompression air inlet hole and a decompression air outlet hole, and the decompression air inlet hole is connected to the adjacent staggered decompression air outlet holes, and the plurality of circulation and decompression channels located on the same radial cross-section of the valve core rod form a three-inlet and three-outlet decompression structure.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that when the hydrogen located in the lower pressure reducing inner sub-chamber part flows through the intricate flow channel on the valve core rod, it enters the channel with three intake counter-attack angles, realizing the counter-attack decompression of high-pressure hydrogen. The decompressed hydrogen is then discharged from the outlets at three angles. This process is repeated until the hydrogen reaches the cone hole of the lower valve core. Therefore, the high-pressure hydrogen flows in the three-inlet and three-outlet pressure reducing structure on the valve core rod, and is forced to continuously change the flow direction and flow cross-section, realizing the dual pressure reducing mechanism of throttling and counter-attack effect, significantly improving the pressure reducing effect, stabilizing the outlet pressure, and achieving the high-precision pressure stabilization target. Secondly, in the high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve, when the pressure difference between the two ends of the fluid is large, the speed and pressure changes generated by the fluid passing through the pressure reducing valve will cause noise. By adopting a multi-stage pressure reducing pleated plate and a counter-attack valve core rod structure, the flow channel can be made more uniform, reducing turbulent dissipation and noise generation.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes an upper return spring and a lower return spring which are sleeved on the upper and lower parts of the valve core rod, the two ends of the upper return spring respectively abut against the large end surface of the upper valve core cone and the lower tube mouth edge of the expansion and pressure relief cylinder, and the two ends of the lower return spring respectively abut against the large end surface of the lower valve core cone and the upper tube mouth edge of the guide cylinder.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that when the gas is not flowing, the upper return spring and the lower return spring can reset the valve core rod to facilitate the next decompression operation.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a valve core opening adjustment component, which includes:

[0029] An adjusting cylinder, wherein the upper cylinder opening of the adjusting cylinder is fixed on the bottom end surface of the bottom plate, and the lower end of the valve core rod passes through the bottom plate and extends into the adjusting cylinder;

[0030] An adjusting push rod is screwed on the lower tube mouth of the adjusting tube, a push plate is fixed on the upper end of the adjusting push rod, and the lower ends of the plurality of valve core rods are all in contact with the top end surface of the push plate.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the opening of the offset valve core rod can be easily adjusted by conveniently rotating the adjustment push rod, thereby achieving precise control of the hydrogen flow and pressure after the valve. This design enhances the flexibility and operability of the system and meets the needs under different working conditions.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of balance springs, which are respectively sleeved on the corresponding valve core rods, and the two ends of the balance springs are respectively in contact with the top end surface of the push plate and the bottom end surface of the bottom plate.

[0033] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the balance spring can ensure that the push plate is in a horizontal and stable state without tilting, so that the top surface of the push plate can always be in stable contact with the lower ends of multiple valve core rods, thereby realizing synchronous adjustment of the openings of multiple valve core cone holes.

[0034] Furthermore, the top plate, the first partition plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate are all screwed to the shell.

[0035] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the parts can be easily disassembled and assembled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the main structural section of a hydrogen pressure reducing valve.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section three-dimensional structure.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper pressure reducing assembly.

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper pressure-reducing fan-shaped pleated single plate.

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower pressure-reducing fan-shaped pleated single plate.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hedge valve stem.

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle section AA.

[0045] Fig. 9 The present invention is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a three-inlet and three-outlet pressure relief structure formed by a plurality of flow pressure relief channels located on the same radial cross section of a valve core rod.

[0046] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of gas through the pressure reducing valve.

[0047] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram showing that when the pressures in the upper valve core opening regulating sub-cavity and the lower valve core opening regulating sub-cavity are nearly equal, the gap between the upper valve core cone and the upper valve core hole is equal to the gap between the lower valve core cone and the lower valve core hole.

[0048] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the valve core rod moving downward when the pressure of the upper valve core opening regulating sub-chamber is higher than the pressure of the lower valve core opening regulating sub-chamber.

[0049] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the valve core rod moving upward when the pressure of the upper valve core opening regulating sub-chamber is lower than the pressure of the lower valve core opening regulating sub-chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, comprising:

[0052] The shell 1 has an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102 at the top and bottom, respectively. The shell 1 is provided with a first baffle 2, a second baffle 3 and a third baffle 4 arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The space between the first baffle 2 and the top plate 107 of the shell 1 is a first volume expansion and decompression chamber 103, the space between the first baffle 2 and the second baffle 3 is a second volume expansion and decompression chamber 104, the space between the second baffle 3 and the third baffle 4 is a third volume expansion and decompression chamber 105, and the space between the third baffle 4 and the bottom plate 108 of the shell 1 is a fourth volume expansion and decompression chamber 106. The fourth volume expansion and decompression chamber 106 is communicated with the air outlet 102, and the second volume expansion and decompression chamber 106 is communicated with the air outlet 102. An upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder 5 is provided in the pressure chamber 104, and the internal space of the upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder 5 is an upper valve core opening adjustment chamber 501. A lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder 6 is provided in the fourth expansion and decompression chamber 106, and the internal space of the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder 6 is a lower valve core opening adjustment chamber 601. The lower valve core opening adjustment chamber 601 is connected with the fourth expansion and decompression chamber 106 through an air outlet 602 on the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder 6. A first through hole 201 and a second through hole 202 are provided on the first partition plate 2, an upper valve core tapered hole 301 and a third through hole 302 are provided on the second partition plate 3, and a lower valve core tapered hole 401 is provided on the third partition plate 4;

[0053] The upper decompression component 7 is arranged in the first expansion decompression chamber 103. The upper decompression component 7 divides the first expansion decompression chamber 103 into a first decompression inner chamber 1031 and a first decompression outer chamber 1032. The first decompression inner chamber 1031 is connected to the air inlet 101. The first decompression inner chamber 1031 and the first decompression outer chamber 1032 are connected through the first tortuous decompression gap 711 inside the upper decompression component 7. The gap size of the first tortuous decompression gap 711 gradually decreases from the first decompression inner chamber 1031 to the first decompression outer chamber 1032; the first decompression inner chamber 1031 is connected to the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber 501 through the first through hole 201; the first decompression outer chamber 1032 is connected to the second expansion decompression chamber 104 through the second through hole 202;

[0054] The lower decompression component 8 is arranged in the third expansion decompression chamber 105. The lower decompression component 8 divides the third expansion decompression chamber 105 into a second decompression inner chamber 1051 and a second decompression outer chamber 1052. The second decompression inner chamber 1051 is connected with the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber 501 through the upper valve core tapered hole 301. The second decompression inner chamber 1051 is connected with the second decompression outer chamber 1052 through the second tortuous decompression gap 811 inside the lower decompression component 8. The gap size of the second tortuous decompression gap 811 gradually decreases and increases from the second decompression inner chamber 1051 to the second decompression outer chamber 1052. The second decompression outer chamber 1052 is connected with the second expansion decompression chamber 104 through the third through hole 302. The second decompression inner chamber 1051 is connected with the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber 601 through the lower valve core tapered hole 401.

[0055] The valve core rod 9, both ends of the valve core rod 9 are respectively located in the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber 501 and the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber 601, the upper valve core cone 91 and the lower valve core cone 92 on the valve core rod 9 move up and down in the upper valve core cone hole 301 and the lower valve core cone hole 401 respectively to control the on and off of the upper valve core cone hole 301 and the lower valve core cone hole 401.

[0056] In some embodiments, the upper decompression assembly 7 includes multiple layers of stacked upper decompression pleated plates 71, the pleated gap between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates 71 is a first tortuous decompression gap 711, and each upper decompression pleated plate 71 is provided with a fourth through hole 712 connected to the first decompression inner cavity 1031, and the lower decompression assembly 8 includes multiple layers of stacked lower decompression pleated plates 81, the pleated gap between two adjacent lower decompression pleated plates 81 is a second tortuous decompression gap 811, and each lower decompression pleated plate 81 is provided with a fifth through hole 812 connected to the second decompression inner cavity 1051, and the valve core rod 9 is penetrated through the fifth through hole 812.

[0057] In other embodiments, the hydrogen pressure reducing valve further includes a plurality of first upper baffles 10 disposed in the first volume expansion and pressure reducing chamber 103, and a plurality of first lower baffles 11 disposed in the third volume expansion and pressure reducing chamber 105;

[0058] A first upper baffle 10 is provided between the upper decompression pleated plate 71 located at the top layer and the top plate 107 of the shell 1, between the upper decompression pleated plate 71 located at the bottom layer and the first baffle 2, and between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates 71. The plurality of first upper baffles 10 divide the upper decompression pleated plate 71 into a plurality of upper decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates 713. The plurality of first upper baffles 10 divide the first decompression inner cavity 1031 into a plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities 10311. The plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities 10311 are all connected to the air inlet 101.

[0059] A first lower baffle 11 is provided between the lower decompression pleated plate 81 and the second baffle 3 on the top layer, between the lower decompression pleated plate 81 and the third baffle 4 on the bottom layer, and between two adjacent lower decompression pleated plates 81. The multiple first lower baffles 11 divide the lower decompression pleated plate 81 into multiple lower decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates 813. The multiple first lower baffles 11 divide the second decompression inner cavity 1051 into multiple lower decompression inner sub-cavities 10511.

[0060] The upper valve core opening regulating chamber 501 is divided into a plurality of upper valve core opening regulating sub-chambers 5011 by a plurality of second upper partitions 12, a plurality of upper pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers 10311 are respectively connected with the corresponding upper valve core opening regulating sub-chambers 5011 through the corresponding first through holes 201, and a plurality of lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers 10511 are respectively connected with the corresponding upper valve core opening regulating sub-chambers 5011 through the corresponding upper valve core tapered holes 301; the lower valve core opening regulating chamber 601 is divided into a plurality of lower valve core opening regulating sub-chambers 6011 by a plurality of second lower partitions 13, a plurality of lower valve core opening regulating sub-chambers 6011 are respectively connected with the corresponding lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers 10511 through the corresponding lower valve core tapered holes 401; there are a plurality of valve core rods 9, and the two ends of each valve core rod 9 are respectively located in the upper valve core opening regulating sub-chamber 5011 and the lower valve core opening regulating sub-chamber 6011.

[0061] In some embodiments, an expansion and decompression cylinder 16 is fixed on the upper cavity wall of each upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity 5011, and the internal space of the expansion and decompression cylinder 16 is the fifth expansion and decompression cavity 161, and the fifth expansion and decompression cavity 161 is connected with the upper decompression inner sub-cavity 10311 through the first through hole, and a seventh through hole 162 for connecting the fifth expansion and decompression cavity 161 with the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity 5011 is opened on the cylinder wall of the expansion and decompression cylinder 16, and the upper end of the valve core rod 9 is located in the fifth expansion and decompression cavity 161;

[0062] A guide cylinder 17 is fixed on the lower cavity wall of each lower valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity 6011 , and the lower end of the valve core rod 9 is inserted into the guide cylinder 17 .

[0063] In some embodiments, a plurality of circulating decompression channels 93 are circumferentially arranged inside the valve core rod 9 located in the lower decompression inner sub-chamber 10511, and two adjacent circulating decompression channels 93 are arranged alternately. Each circulating decompression channel 93 is provided with a decompression air inlet hole 931 and a decompression air outlet hole 932. The decompression air inlet hole 931 is connected to the adjacent staggered decompression air outlet holes 932, and the plurality of circulating decompression channels 93 located on the same radial cross-section of the valve core rod 9 form a three-inlet and three-outlet decompression structure.

[0064] In some embodiments, it also includes an upper return spring 18 and a lower return spring 19 which are sleeved on the upper and lower parts of the valve core rod 9, and the two ends of the upper return spring 18 respectively abut against the large end surface of the upper valve core cone 91 and the lower tube mouth edge of the expansion and pressure relief cylinder 16, and the two ends of the lower return spring 19 respectively abut against the large end surface of the lower valve core cone 92 and the upper tube mouth edge of the guide cylinder 17.

[0065] In some embodiments, a valve core opening adjustment component 20 is also included, which includes:

[0066] The regulating cylinder 2001, the upper cylinder mouth of the regulating cylinder 2001 is fixed on the bottom end surface of the bottom plate 108, and the lower end of the valve core rod 9 passes through the bottom plate 108 and extends into the regulating cylinder 2001;

[0067] The adjusting push rod 2002 is screwed on the lower tube mouth of the adjusting tube 2001 , and a push plate 2003 is fixed to the upper end of the adjusting push rod 2002 . The lower ends of the plurality of valve core rods 9 are all in contact with the top end surface of the push plate 2003 .

[0068] In the initial state where high-pressure hydrogen is not introduced, the stroke of the valve core rod can be preset by rotating the adjustment push rod.

[0069] In some embodiments, a plurality of balancing springs 21 are further included. The plurality of balancing springs 21 are respectively sleeved on the corresponding valve core rods 9 , and two ends of the balancing springs 21 are respectively in contact with the top end surface of the push plate 2003 and the bottom end surface of the bottom plate 108 .

[0070] In some embodiments, the top plate 107 , the first partition plate 2 , the second partition plate 3 , and the third partition plate 4 are all screwed to the shell 1 .

[0071] The specific workflow is as follows:

[0072] The high-pressure hydrogen enters the first expansion and decompression chamber 103 through the air inlet 101, and in this process, expansion and decompression are achieved. It is effectively divided into six areas by the six first upper partitions 10, ensuring the uniform distribution of the high-pressure hydrogen flow. Then the high-pressure hydrogen is divided into two paths: one path enters the first through hole 201 on the first partition 2 through the fourth through hole 712 on the upper decompression pleated plate, and then flows into the fifth expansion and decompression chamber 161, and then enters the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber 5011 through the seventh through hole 162. This part of hydrogen is used to adjust the displacement of the valve core rod, that is, to adjust the opening of the valve core cone hole to maintain the dynamic balance of the system; the other path passes through the gradually shrinking first tortuous decompression gap 711 and decompresses before entering the first decompression outer chamber 1032.

[0073] Subsequently, the hydrogen enters the second expansion and decompression chamber 104 with a larger volume through the second through hole 202. In this process, not only does it continue to expand and reduce pressure, but it also effectively buffers the high-speed airflow generated in the previous step. Subsequently, it enters the second decompression outer chamber 1052 through the third through hole 302. Next, the hydrogen passes through the gradually shrinking second tortuous decompression gap 811 and is decompressed again before entering the second decompression inner chamber 1051. After that, the hydrogen begins to achieve counter-pressure reduction. Hydrogen continuously enters the interior of the valve core rod from the decompression air inlet of the circumferential circulation decompression channel. Each radial cross-section presents a three-in-three-out decompression structural layout. At the three air intake counter-pressure angles, the high-pressure hydrogen achieves counter-pressure reduction. The decompressed hydrogen is then released from the decompression outlets in these three directions. This cycle continues until the hydrogen reaches the lower valve core cone hole 401.

[0074] Subsequently, the hydrogen enters the lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber 6011 and is further decompressed before being discharged through the outlet 102 .

[0075] Specific regulatory mechanisms such as Figure 11-13 As shown. After the combined effect and comparison of the forces of high-pressure hydrogen, upper spring and lower spring on the counter-valve core, in order to ensure the stability of the outlet pressure, the conical surface clearance of the counter-valve core will gradually change, and the working state includes the following three (the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber 5011 is marked as ①, and the lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber 6011 is marked as ②).

[0076] like Fig.11 Working state 1: When the pressure of chamber ① and chamber ② is nearly equal, the clearance between the upper and lower valve cores is equal;

[0077] like Fig.12 Working state 2: When the pressure of chamber ① is higher than that of chamber ②, the upper valve core moves downward, the gap gradually shrinks until it is closed, and the lower valve core moves downward, and the gap gradually expands to the maximum;

[0078] like Fig.13 Working state three: When the pressure of chamber ① is lower than that of chamber ②, the upper valve core moves upward, the gap will gradually expand to the maximum, and the lower valve core moves upward, the gap will gradually shrink until it is closed.

[0079] The advantages of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve of the present invention are as follows:

[0080] 1. The introduction of the countervailing valve core structure greatly enhances the complex path and stability of fluid flow. When high-pressure hydrogen flows through these intricate holes, it is forced to constantly change the flow direction and flow cross-section, realizing a dual pressure reduction mechanism of throttling and countervailing effects, significantly improving the pressure reduction effect, stabilizing the outlet pressure, and achieving a high-precision pressure stabilization target. Secondly, in the high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve, when the pressure difference between the two ends of the fluid is large, the speed and pressure changes caused by the fluid passing through the pressure reducing valve will cause noise. By adopting a multi-stage pleated plate and countervailing valve core structure, the flow path can be made more uniform, reducing turbulent dissipation and noise generation.

[0081] 2. There are gaps between the multi-layer pleated plates, and the gaps gradually become smaller. When high-pressure hydrogen passes through the gaps, the flow rate will increase and the pressure will decrease accordingly due to the sudden decrease in the flow area and the viscous resistance of the fluid. By accurately designing and adjusting the size and shape of the gaps and the flow characteristics of the fluid, precise control of the outlet pressure can be achieved.

[0082] 3. In addition, by conveniently rotating the adjustment push rod, the opening of the hedge valve core can be easily adjusted, thereby achieving precise control of the hydrogen flow and pressure after the valve. This design enhances the flexibility and operability of the system and meets the needs under different working conditions.

[0083] 4. The present invention uses a partition to separate the corresponding cavity into 6 independent areas without interfering with each other. Each area operates independently during the pressure reduction and pressure stabilization process without interfering with each other. This unique design has a very significant effect on the pressure reduction and pressure stabilization of high-pressure hydrogen.

[0084] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0085] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve, characterized in that: include: A shell (1), wherein the top and bottom of the shell (1) are respectively provided with an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (102); a first partition plate (2), a second partition plate (3) and a third partition plate (4) are arranged in an upper and lower manner; the space between the first partition plate (2) and the top plate (107) of the shell (1) is a first volume expansion and decompression chamber (103); the space between the first partition plate (2) and the second partition plate (3) is a second volume expansion and decompression chamber (104); the space between the second partition plate (3) and the third partition plate (4) is a third volume expansion and decompression chamber (105); the space between the third partition plate (4) and the bottom plate (108) of the shell (1) is a fourth volume expansion and decompression chamber (106); the fourth volume expansion and decompression chamber (106) is connected to the air outlet (102); The second expansion and decompression chamber (104) is provided with an upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder (5), and the internal space of the upper valve core opening adjustment cylinder (5) is the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber (501). The fourth expansion and decompression chamber (106) is provided with a lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder (6), and the internal space of the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder (6) is the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber (601). The lower valve core opening adjustment chamber (601) is connected with the fourth expansion and decompression chamber (106) through the air outlet (602) on the lower valve core opening adjustment cylinder (6). The first partition plate (2) is provided with a first through hole (201) and a second through hole (202). The second partition plate (3) is provided with an upper valve core tapered hole (301) and a third through hole (302). The third partition plate (4) is provided with a lower valve core tapered hole (401). An upper decompression component (7), the upper decompression component (7) being arranged in the first volume expansion decompression chamber (103), the upper decompression component (7) dividing the first volume expansion decompression chamber (103) into a first decompression inner chamber (1031) and a first decompression outer chamber (1032), the first decompression inner chamber (1031) being in communication with the air inlet (101), the first decompression inner chamber (1031) and the first decompression outer chamber (1032) being in communication with each other through a first tortuous decompression gap (711) inside the upper decompression component (7), the gap size of the first tortuous decompression gap (711) gradually decreasing from the first decompression inner chamber (1031) to the first decompression outer chamber (1032); the first decompression inner chamber (1031) and the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber (501) being in communication with each other through the first through hole (201); the first decompression outer chamber (1032) and the second volume expansion decompression chamber (104) being in communication with each other through the second through hole (202); The lower decompression assembly (8) is arranged in the third expansion decompression chamber (105), and the lower decompression assembly (8) divides the third expansion decompression chamber (105) into a second decompression inner chamber (1051) and a second decompression outer chamber (1052). The second decompression inner chamber (1051) is connected to the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber (501) through the upper valve core tapered hole (301), and the second decompression inner chamber (1051) and the second decompression outer chamber (1052) are connected through the lower The second tortuous decompression gap (811) inside the decompression component (8) is connected, the gap size of the second tortuous decompression gap (811) gradually increases from the second decompression inner cavity (1051) to the second decompression outer cavity (1052), the second decompression outer cavity (1052) is connected with the second expansion decompression cavity (104) through the third through hole (302), and the second decompression inner cavity (1051) is connected with the lower valve core opening adjustment cavity (601) through the lower valve core tapered hole (401); A valve core rod (9), the two ends of the valve core rod (9) are respectively located in the upper valve core opening adjustment chamber (501) and the lower valve core opening adjustment chamber (601), and the upper valve core cone (91) and the lower valve core cone (92) on the valve core rod (9) move up and down in the upper valve core cone hole (301) and the lower valve core cone hole (401) respectively to control the opening and closing of the upper valve core cone hole (301) and the lower valve core cone hole (401).

2. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper decompression assembly (7) comprises a plurality of stacked upper decompression pleated plates (71), the pleated gap between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates (71) being the first tortuous decompression gap (711), and each of the upper decompression pleated plates (71) being provided with a fourth through hole (712) connected to the first decompression inner cavity (1031); the lower decompression assembly (8) comprises a plurality of stacked lower decompression pleated plates (81), the pleated gap between two adjacent lower decompression pleated plates (81) being the second tortuous decompression gap (811), and each of the lower decompression pleated plates (81) being provided with a fifth through hole (812) connected to the second decompression inner cavity (1051), and the valve core rod (9) is inserted into the fifth through hole (812).

3. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of first upper baffles (10) arranged in the first volume expansion and decompression chamber (103), and a plurality of first lower baffles (11) arranged in the third volume expansion and decompression chamber (105); The first upper baffle (10) is provided between the upper decompression pleated plate (71) located at the top layer and the top plate (107) of the shell (1), between the upper decompression pleated plate (71) located at the bottom layer and the first baffle (2), and between two adjacent upper decompression pleated plates (71); a plurality of the first upper baffles (10) divide the upper decompression pleated plate (71) into a plurality of upper decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates (713); a plurality of the first upper baffles (10) divide the first decompression inner cavity (1031) into a plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities (10311); and the plurality of upper decompression inner sub-cavities (10311) are all in communication with the air inlet (101); The first lower baffle (11) is provided between the lower decompression pleated plate (81) and the second baffle (3) located at the top layer, between the lower decompression pleated plate (81) and the third baffle (4) located at the bottom layer, and between two adjacent lower decompression pleated plates (81); a plurality of the first lower baffles (11) divide the lower decompression pleated plate (81) into a plurality of lower decompression fan-shaped pleated single plates (813); a plurality of the first lower baffles (11) divide the second decompression inner cavity (1051) into a plurality of lower decompression inner sub-cavities (10511); The upper valve core opening adjustment chamber (501) is divided into a plurality of upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers (5011) by a plurality of second upper partitions (12); the plurality of upper pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers (10311) are respectively connected to the corresponding upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers (5011) through the corresponding first through holes (201); the plurality of lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chambers (10511) are respectively connected to the corresponding upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers (5011) through the corresponding upper valve core tapered holes (301); The valve core opening adjustment chamber (601) is divided into a plurality of lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers (6011) by a plurality of second lower partitions (13), and the plurality of lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chambers (6011) are respectively connected to the corresponding lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chamber (10511) through the corresponding lower valve core tapered holes (401); there are a plurality of valve core rods (9), and the two ends of each valve core rod (9) are respectively located in the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber (5011) and the lower valve core opening adjustment sub-chamber (6011).

4. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: An expansion and decompression cylinder (16) is fixed on the upper cavity wall of each upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity (5011); the internal space of the expansion and decompression cylinder (16) is the fifth expansion and decompression cavity (161); the fifth expansion and decompression cavity (161) is connected to the upper decompression inner sub-cavity (10311) through a first through hole; a seventh through hole (162) for connecting the fifth expansion and decompression cavity (161) with the upper valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity (5011) is provided on the cylinder wall of the expansion and decompression cylinder (16); the upper end of the valve core rod (9) is located in the fifth expansion and decompression cavity (161); A guide cylinder (17) is fixed on the lower cavity wall of each lower valve core opening adjustment sub-cavity (6011), and the lower end of the valve core rod (9) is inserted into the guide cylinder (17).

5. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interior of the valve core rod (9) located in the lower pressure-reducing inner sub-chamber (10511) is provided with a plurality of circulating pressure-reducing channels (93) along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent circulating pressure-reducing channels (93) are arranged alternately, and each circulating pressure-reducing channel (93) is provided with a pressure-reducing air inlet hole (931) and a pressure-reducing air outlet hole (932), and the pressure-reducing air inlet hole (931) is connected to the adjacent pressure-reducing air outlet hole (932) arranged alternately, and the plurality of circulating pressure-reducing channels (93) located on the same radial cross-section of the valve core rod (9) form a three-inlet and three-outlet pressure-reducing structure.

6. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an upper return spring (18) and a lower return spring (19) which are sleeved on the upper and lower parts of the valve core rod (9), the two ends of the upper return spring (18) respectively abut against the large end surface of the upper valve core cone (91) and the lower tube mouth edge of the expansion and pressure relief cylinder (16), and the two ends of the lower return spring (19) respectively abut against the large end surface of the lower valve core cone (92) and the upper tube mouth edge of the guide cylinder (17).

7. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: Also included is a valve core opening adjustment component (20), which includes: An adjusting cylinder (2001), wherein the upper cylinder opening of the adjusting cylinder (2001) is fixed on the bottom end surface of the bottom plate (108), and the lower end of the valve core rod (9) passes through the bottom plate (108) and extends into the adjusting cylinder (2001); An adjusting push rod (2002) is screwed onto the lower tube mouth of the adjusting tube (2001), a push plate (2003) is fixed to the upper end of the adjusting push rod (2002), and the lower ends of the plurality of valve core rods (9) are all in contact with the top end surface of the push plate (2003).

8. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of balancing springs (21), which are respectively sleeved on the corresponding valve core rods (9), and the two ends of the balancing springs (21) are respectively in contact with the top end surface of the push plate (2003) and the bottom end surface of the bottom plate (108).

9. A hydrogen pressure reducing valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, characterized in that: The top plate (107), the first partition plate (2), the second partition plate (3), and the third partition plate (4) are all screw-connected to the shell (1).

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