Deep sea hydrothermal nozzle end member fluid in-situ measuring and sampling device and measuring and sampling method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea detection, in particular to an in-situ measurement sampling device and method for deep-sea hydrothermal nozzle end member fluid. Comprising an automatic sealing combination unit, the automatic sealing combination unit comprises a liquid inlet pipeline, a composite flexible shell and a sealing device, the sealing device is driven by the composite flexible shell to wrap the annular outer side of rock of a hydrothermal liquid nozzle, and a sealed space of hydrothermal liquid is formed in the composite flexible shell through the sealing device; the fluid data measuring and processing unit comprises a fluid pipeline which is communicated with the liquid inlet pipeline; the in-situ sampling unit comprises a dredging pipeline and a sample collecting box, the dredging pipeline is communicated with the fluid pipeline, and the dredging pipeline is communicated with the sample collecting box. The sampling of the deep-sea hydrothermal fluid is realized, and the reliability and the accuracy of the measurement of the deep-sea hydrothermal fluid are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea exploration, in particular to an in-situ measurement sampling device and a sampling method for end-member fluid of a deep sea hydrothermal vent. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are an important part of the Earth's deep-sea ecosystem. The hydrothermal fluids they release are rich in minerals and microorganisms, and are of great significance to the study of deep Earth processes, biodiversity, and the development of seabed mineral resources.

[0003] Traditional hydrothermal fluid flow measurement and sampling methods mainly rely on remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), automated underwater platforms (AUVs) and other equipment for on-site detection operations. However, these measurement and sampling methods are often limited by the extreme conditions of the deep-sea environment, resulting in large measurement errors, making it difficult to achieve accurate and stable effective monitoring, and the equipment is easily damaged. Especially when monitoring high-pressure and high-temperature hydrothermal fluids, the impact of extreme environments on flow meters and sensors is particularly significant, resulting in large errors in measurement data, and samples are easily disturbed by the hydrothermal vent environment and human factors, affecting research results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and propose an in-situ measurement sampling device and measurement sampling method for deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid, which realizes the sampling of deep-sea hydrothermal fluid and improves the reliability and accuracy of deep-sea hydrothermal fluid measurement.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-element fluid in-situ measurement sampling device, which includes:

[0006] An automatic sealing combination unit includes a liquid inlet pipeline, a composite flexible shell and a sealing device. The composite flexible shell drives the sealing device to cover the annular outer side of the rock of the hydrothermal vent, and the sealing device forms a sealed space for the hydrothermal fluid in the composite flexible shell;

[0007] A fluid data measurement and processing unit includes a fluid pipeline connected to a liquid inlet pipeline;

[0008] The in-situ sampling unit comprises a dredging pipeline and a sample collection box. The dredging pipeline is connected with the fluid pipeline, and the dredging pipeline is connected with the sample collection box.

[0009] In the present invention, the liquid inlet pipeline is arranged along the vertical direction of the hot liquid nozzle, and the liquid inlet pipeline, the fluid pipeline and the dredging pipeline are sequentially connected and arranged along the flow direction of the hot liquid fluid;

[0010] A multi-parameter measurement system is arranged on the outside of the fluid channel, and a multi-parameter heat system is arranged along the flow direction of the hydrothermal fluid.

[0011] The fluid data measurement and processing unit further comprises a protection frame, in which the fluid pipeline, the multi-parameter measurement system and the data processing system are all arranged, and the data processing system is arranged along the flow direction of the hydrothermal fluid;

[0012] The data processing system is connected to the remotely operated vehicle or the autonomous underwater platform.

[0013] A drain valve is provided at the outlet of the dredging pipeline;

[0014] A liquid inlet valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the dredging pipeline and the sample collection box, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged at the liquid outlet of the sample collection box.

[0015] The end of the liquid inlet pipe facing the hot liquid nozzle is rotatably provided with a cylindrical screw sleeve, and the annular outer side of the screw sleeve is provided with an umbrella-shaped frame, and the umbrella-shaped frame and the screw sleeve are threadedly engaged;

[0016] One end of the composite flexible jacket is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the composite flexible jacket is connected to the umbrella-shaped frame through a plurality of support bones, the support bones are arranged at intervals along the annular outer side of the umbrella-shaped frame, one end of the support bone is hinged to the umbrella-shaped frame, and the other end of the support bone is fixedly connected to the composite flexible jacket;

[0017] A sealing device is provided at the inner wall of the composite flexible jacket facing the hot liquid vent.

[0018] The sealing device includes a tensioning controller and a flexible airbag, wherein the annular outer wall of the tensioning controller is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the composite flexible jacket, and the annular inner wall of the tensioning controller is connected to a plurality of flexible airbags, and the plurality of flexible airbags are arranged in a vertical direction;

[0019] The tension controller is connected with the intelligent adjustment system, and the intelligent adjustment system controls the tension controller to inject or extract gas / liquid into or out of the flexible airbag, as well as the injection and extraction amounts.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a method for measuring and sampling using the above-mentioned in-situ measurement sampling device for end-member fluid of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, grab the device to the vicinity of the hydrothermal vent to be measured, start the automatic sealing and combining unit, and open the sealing device through the composite flexible shell, so that the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent to be measured is covered in the sealing device, and the liquid inlet pipeline is aligned with the hydrothermal vent, and the liquid inlet pipeline is kept in a vertical direction;

[0022] S2, controlling the sealing device to fit tightly to the rock mass of the hydrothermal vent, so as to achieve sealing fit between the automatic sealing combination unit and the hydrothermal vent;

[0023] S3. The hydrothermal fluid ejected from the hydrothermal vent enters the dredging pipe through the liquid inlet pipe and the fluid pipe. When the hydrothermal fluid flows through the fluid pipe, the parameters of the hydrothermal fluid are measured. When the parameters of the hydrothermal fluid tend to be stable, the hydrothermal fluid is collected and stored through the collection system.

[0024] In step S1, the automatic sealing unit is started, the screw sleeve on the liquid inlet pipe rotates, and the screw sleeve and the umbrella frame are engaged with each other, so that the umbrella frame moves toward the hot liquid vent, the composite flexible shell is expanded outward through the support bone, and the flexible airbag connected to the composite flexible shell is expanded;

[0025] In the process of aligning the liquid inlet pipe with the hydrothermal vent, the drain valve is opened and the liquid outlet valve is closed to ensure that the device is smoothly buckled to the hydrothermal vent and the hydrothermal fluid can smoothly enter the liquid inlet pipe, and the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent is covered in the flexible air bag.

[0026] In step S2, the intelligent adjustment system controls the tensioning controller to fill the flexible airbag, so that the flexible airbag expands and tightens, and the flexible airbag fits tightly against the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent.

[0027] In step S3, after the hot liquid fluid continuously flows into the dredging pipeline, the discharge valve in the dredging pipeline is opened, and the hot liquid fluid in the delivery pipeline is discharged into the seawater environment;

[0028] When the parameters of the hot liquid fluid monitored in real time are stable, the drain valve and the liquid outlet valve are closed, and the liquid inlet valve is opened. The hot liquid fluid flows into the sample collection box along the dredging pipeline under the action of its overflow pressure, so as to realize the sample collection of the hot liquid fluid;

[0029] After a certain amount of hydrothermal fluid is collected in the sample collection box, the drain valve is opened and the inlet valve is closed, and the hydrothermal fluid is discharged into the seawater again through the dredging pipeline.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The sealing and fixing between the automatic sealing unit and the hydrothermal nozzle prevents the leakage of the hydrothermal fluid entering the automatic sealing unit, and stably introduces the hydrothermal fluid into the monitoring area and samples, thereby ensuring the reliability of hydrothermal fluid monitoring and sampling;

[0032] (2) During the flow of hydrothermal fluid, various monitoring devices in the fluid data measurement and processing unit are used to monitor the parameters of the hydrothermal fluid in real time, which reduces the interference of the environment and human operation on the measuring equipment and ensures the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0033] In summary, the present application integrates an intelligent feedback control mechanism, optimizes system operation, improves the level of automation and stability of monitoring, can operate autonomously in a deep-sea environment, and effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art that deep-sea hydrothermal fluid measurement and sampling operations are easily affected by the extreme environment of the deep sea, providing reliable data for the study and monitoring of hydrothermal vent fluid flux and in-situ sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the in-situ measurement sampling device for deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluids of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the in-situ measurement sampling device of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic sealing bonding unit;

[0037] Figure 4 is a side view of the automatic sealing combination unit;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view along AA direction;

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the automatic sealing unit after the action changes;

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional structure of an automatic sealing and combining unit;

[0041] Figure 8 2 is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of the automatic sealing combination unit.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 1. Automatic sealing combination unit; 11. Liquid inlet pipeline; 111. Screw sleeve; 12. Composite flexible shell; 121. Outer protective layer; 122. Reinforcement layer; 123. Inner extension layer; 124. Umbrella frame; 125. Support bone; 13. Sealing device; 131. Tensioning controller; 132. Flexible airbag;

[0044] 2. Fluid data measurement and processing unit; 21. Protection frame; 22. Fluid pipeline; 23. Multi-parameter measurement system; 24. Data processing system;

[0045] 3. In-situ sampling unit; 31. Clearing pipeline; 311. Drain valve; 32. Collection system; 321. Sample collection box; 322. Liquid inlet valve; 323. Liquid outlet valve;

[0046] 4. Rock mass;

[0047] 5. Remotely operated submersibles;

[0048] 6. Mother ship. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] In the following description, specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the in-situ measurement sampling device for deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid described in the present application comprises an automatic sealing combination unit 1, a fluid data measurement and processing unit 2, and an in-situ sampling unit 3. Among them, the automatic sealing combination unit 1 is sealed and fixed on the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent to prevent the leakage of the hydrothermal fluid, and stably introduces the hydrothermal fluid into the fluid data measurement and processing unit 2 and the in-situ sampling unit 3 to ensure the reliability of the hydrothermal fluid sample.

[0052] The fluid data measurement and processing unit 2 is located between the automatic sealing combination unit 1 and the in-situ sampling unit 3, and the parameters of the sampled hydrothermal fluid are monitored in real time through the fluid data measurement and processing unit 2. The fluid data measurement and data unit 2 is wirelessly connected to the remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform or is wired through an umbilical cable, and the remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform carries the entire in-situ measurement sampling device and transports it to the vicinity of the hydrothermal vent in the deep sea. The remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform is an underwater device commonly used in current marine scientific research. The remote-controlled submersible 5 is connected to the mother ship 6 through an umbilical cable, and the operator can remotely control the movement of the remote-controlled submersible 5 on the mother ship 6. The remote-controlled submersible 5 can perform tasks underwater according to preset programs or instructions through its own independent energy, navigation system and mission payload.

[0053] The in-situ sampling unit 3 can be used to sample deep-sea hydrothermal fluids.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the fluid data measurement and processing unit 2 includes a protection frame 21, a fluid pipeline 22, a multi-parameter measurement system 23, and a data processing system 24. The fluid pipeline 22, the multi-parameter measurement system 23, and the data processing system 24 are all located in the protection frame 21. The protection frame 21 can protect various devices inside from damage. The protection frame 21 is made of high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant titanium alloy, carbon fiber or ceramic material.

[0055] The fluid pipeline 22 connects the automatic sealing unit 1 and the in-situ sampling unit 3, and the deep-sea hydrothermal fluid obtained by the automatic sealing unit 1 is transported to the in-situ sampling unit 3 through the fluid pipeline 22. Several multi-parameter measurement systems 23 are arranged outside the fluid channel 22 and along the flow direction of the fluid, and the hydrothermal fluid flowing through the fluid channel 22 is monitored in real time through the multi-parameter measurement system 23. The data processing system 24 is connected to the remotely operated submersible 5 wirelessly or by wire through an umbilical cable.

[0056] The multi-parameter measurement system 23 includes sensors for measuring parameters such as temperature and pressure of hydrothermal fluids. It uses various types of highly sensitive sensors to monitor hydrothermal fluids in real time in a closed environment. It can adapt to extreme deep-sea environments, reduce interference from the environment and human operations on the measurement equipment, and ensure the accuracy of detection data.

[0057] In this embodiment, the multi-parameter measurement system 23 includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a chemical sensor, an electromagnetic flowmeter and an in-situ Raman spectroscopy probe. The above sensors are used to monitor the temperature, fluid pressure and various chemical parameters of the ejected hot fluid. The electromagnetic flowmeter measures the flux of the hot fluid based on the characteristics of the hot fluid such as velocity and pressure difference. The in-situ Raman spectroscopy probe is used to detect the molecular structure and chemical composition of the hot fluid.

[0058] In-situ Raman spectroscopy probe is a probe that combines Raman spectroscopy technology with a specially designed probe. It can directly detect and analyze samples in real time in situ without destroying the original state and environment of the sample. The principle is that when the laser is irradiated on the sample, the molecules in the sample will scatter the incident light. Most of the scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light, which is Rayleigh scattering; while a small part of the scattered light will change in frequency, which is Raman scattering. The frequency change of Raman scattered light is related to the vibration and rotation energy levels of the sample molecules. By detecting and analyzing the Raman scattering spectrum, information such as the molecular structure, chemical composition, and chemical bond type of the sample can be obtained.

[0059] In this embodiment, the data processing system 24 includes an embedded microcontroller, a data storage device, and an acoustic communication device.

[0060] The embedded microcontroller is used to aggregate and process the data collected by each sensor; the collected and processed data is saved through the data storage device; the acoustic communication device uses sound waves to transmit the data in real time to the mother ship 6 platform on the sea surface. Sound waves can transmit data in real time in water, avoiding transmission delays or losses of electromagnetic signals in deep sea environments.

[0061] The in-situ sampling unit 3 includes a dredging pipeline 31 and a collection system 32. The dredging pipeline 31 is connected to the fluid pipeline 22, and a drain valve 311 is provided at the outlet of the dredging pipeline 31. The collection system 32 includes a sample collection box 321, the liquid inlet of the sample collection box 321 is connected to the dredging pipeline 31, and a liquid inlet valve 322 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the sample collection box and the dredging pipeline, and a liquid outlet valve 323 is provided at the liquid outlet of the sample collection box 321.

[0062] When collecting hydrothermal samples, first keep the drain valve 311 open, and the inlet valve 322 and the outlet valve 323 closed. The monitored hydrothermal fluid is discharged through the dredging pipe 31. When the hydrothermal fluid is transported stably, close the drain valve 311 and open the inlet valve 322. The stable hydrothermal fluid is directly sprayed into the sample collection box 321 from the nozzle under the action of its overflow pressure. When the hydrothermal sample capacity meets the collection requirements, close the inlet valve 322 and open the drain valve 311. The hydrothermal fluid continues to be discharged into the seawater through the dredging pipe 31. After the device is recovered to the mother ship 6, open the outlet valve 323 to transfer and store the hydrothermal sample.

[0063] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the automatic sealing joint unit includes a liquid inlet pipe 11, a composite flexible shell 12 and a sealing device 13 with an intelligent adjustment system. The liquid inlet pipe 11 is aligned with the hot liquid nozzle in the vertical direction, i.e., the Y direction. The liquid inlet pipe 11, the fluid pipe 22 and the dredging pipe 31 are fixedly connected in sequence. The fluid pipe 22 is located between the liquid inlet pipe 11 and the dredging pipe 31, and plays the role of connecting the liquid inlet pipe and the dredging pipe. Under the action of its overflow pressure, the hot liquid fluid will enter the liquid inlet pipe 11 along the vertical direction Y at a faster flow rate after being ejected from the nozzle, and will pass through the fluid pipe 22 and the dredging pipe 31 in sequence, and finally be discharged into the seawater from the dredging pipe 31. In this embodiment, each pipe is made of a special titanium alloy material to meet the requirements of high temperature and high pressure hot liquid transportation.

[0064] The composite flexible shell 12 extends downward from the end of the liquid inlet pipe 11 to the hydrothermal vent, and the top of the composite flexible shell 12 is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet pipe 11. The end of the composite flexible shell 12 is provided with a sealing device 13. The sealing device 13 is annular and tightly wrapped on the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent. The sealing device 13 is provided with an intelligent adjustment system, which can automatically adjust the sealing pressure of the sealing device 13 according to the pressure, flow rate and temperature at the hydrothermal vent to ensure that the sealing state is always effective and avoid leakage of the hydrothermal fluid.

[0065] The composite flexible outer shell 12 includes an outer protective layer 121, a reinforcement layer 122 and an inner extension layer 123 from the outside to the inside. In this embodiment, the outer protective layer 121 and the inner extension layer 123 are made of high-performance fabric woven from polyimide fibers. Polyimide fibers have excellent heat and cold resistance and can withstand high temperatures for a long time while maintaining stable performance. They have excellent corrosion resistance to most common chemical corrosive substances, such as acids, alkalis, solvents, etc., and are not easily corroded. At the same time, polyimide fibers also have high tensile modulus and tensile strength, low density, high strength, and good fatigue resistance, and are suitable for harsh deep-sea environments. The reinforcement layer 122 is made of polyimide fibers doped with graphene. Graphene has very high strength among currently known materials, and also has good toughness and can be bent. The addition of graphene to the reinforcement layer 122 can provide good support for the structural stability of the composite flexible outer shell 12.

[0066] The inner side of the composite flexible outer shell 12 is provided with an umbrella-shaped frame 124 and a support bone 125. The outer side of the end of the liquid inlet pipe 11 is provided with a cylindrical screw sleeve 111, and the screw sleeve 111 is connected to the driving mechanism. When the driving motor is in motion, the screw sleeve 111 is driven to rotate.

[0067] An umbrella-type frame 124 is provided on the annular outer side of the screw sleeve 111. An external thread is provided on the annular outer side of the screw sleeve 111. The corresponding inner side surface of the umbrella-type frame 124 is provided with an internal thread, so that a threaded engagement is formed between the screw sleeve 111 and the umbrella-type frame 124. The umbrella-type frame 124 is connected to the composite flexible jacket 12 through a plurality of support bones 125. The support bones 125 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the annular outer side of the umbrella-type frame 124. The top end of the support bone 125 is hinged to the umbrella-type frame 124, and the bottom end of the support bone 125 is connected to the composite flexible jacket 12. The support bone 125 plays a supporting role for the composite flexible jacket 12.

[0068] During the rotation of the lead screw sleeve 111 , the umbrella-like frame 124 performs linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe 11 through the thread engagement between the lead screw sleeve 111 and the umbrella-like frame 124 and the limiting effect of the composite flexible jacket 12 .

[0069] When the lead screw sleeve rotates and drives the umbrella-type frame 124 to move toward the critical hot liquid vent, the support bone 125 is pushed by the umbrella-type frame 124, and the other end of the support bone 125 will correspondingly drive the composite flexible jacket 12 to move outward, thereby propping up the composite flexible jacket outward; when the lead screw sleeve rotates and drives the umbrella-type frame 124 to move away from the hot liquid vent, the support bone 125, driven by the umbrella-type frame 124, will correspondingly drive the composite flexible jacket to retract inward. Thus, the composite flexible jacket 12 is propped up outward and retracted inward.

[0070] The sealing device 13 includes a tensioning controller 131 and a flexible airbag 132. The outer end of the tensioning controller 131 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the composite flexible shell 12. The inner side of the tensioning controller 131 is fixedly connected to the annular flexible airbag 132. The flexible airbag 132 is annularly wrapped on the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent. The tensioning controller 131 is connected to an intelligent adjustment system, which can be installed at the end of the support bone 125 facing the hydrothermal vent. The intelligent adjustment system includes a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, a temperature sensor and a processor. Through the intelligent adjustment system, the tensioning controller can control the injection or extraction of liquid or gas into the flexible airbag, as well as the determination of the injection amount and the extraction amount.

[0071] During operation, the intelligent adjustment system monitors the fluid environment at the hot liquid nozzle in real time. When the pressure sensor, flow rate sensor and / or temperature sensor detect abnormal data, the processor activates the tensioning controller 131 to adjust the sealing pressure of the flexible airbag 132.

[0072] When the tension controller 131 is not working, the flexible airbag 132 is in a loose state with a certain elasticity, and can be appropriately expanded as the composite flexible shell is unfolded. When the tension controller 131 is working, the volume of the flexible airbag 132 gradually increases, and the flexible airbag 132 is in a gradually tightened state. Since the flexible airbag 132 has a certain elasticity, the flexible airbag at this time can abut against the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent.

[0073] In this embodiment, the tensioning controller 131 can be a hydraulic filling mechanism or a pneumatic filling mechanism. By injecting hydraulic oil or filling gas into the flexible airbag 132 through the tensioning controller 131, the flexible airbag 132 can expand outward and increase the tension state; at the same time, the hydraulic oil or gas in the flexible airbag 132 is extracted through the tensioning controller 131, and the flexible airbag 132 will unload the force and shrink.

[0074] In this embodiment, the flexible airbag 132 can be made of polyimide film, ceramic fiber fabric or metal rubber material. The polyimide film itself has certain elasticity and stretchability. After the polyimide film is made into an airbag and filled, the airbag can maintain stability and have high strength and modulus; ceramic fiber fabric is also a kind of elastic material, and has excellent high temperature resistance, and can still maintain good shape stability under high temperature and high pressure environment; metal rubber is a material made by weaving or pressing metal wire through a special process, which has elasticity when not inflated or not pressurized, and has high strength and high temperature resistance after inflating or pressurizing.

[0075] When the device is working, one side of the flexible airbag 132 is in contact with the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrothermal fluid, and the other side is in contact with the cold seawater. At the same time, the flexible airbag 132 continues to maintain a sealed fit with the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent; if a single-layer flexible airbag 132 structure is used, the structural stability of the flexible airbag 132 is easily damaged under the action of a large temperature difference and pressure difference, causing leakage and pollution of local hydrothermal fluid, affecting the reliability of the hydrothermal fluid sample. By arranging multiple layers of flexible airbags 132 in the vertical direction, the flexible airbags 132 in contact with the high-temperature hydrothermal fluid and the low-temperature seawater can be separated into two independent structural layers, and there is also a transition layer between the two contact structural layers, thereby achieving structural stability and reliable functions of each layer of flexible airbags 132, ensuring that the flexible airbags 132 are continuously and effectively sealed during the operation of the device. Further, according to different requirements such as temperature, pressure, and corrosion resistance, each layer of flexible airbags 132 can be made of different materials.

[0076] The present application also proposes a method for measuring and sampling using the above-mentioned in-situ measurement sampling device for end-member fluid of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, and the method includes the following steps.

[0077] The first step is to use a remote-controlled submersible 5 or an automatic underwater platform to carry the in-situ measurement sampling device to the target deep sea area. The device is grabbed by the mechanical arm of the remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform to the vicinity of the hydrothermal vent to be measured.

[0078] In the second step, the automatic sealing unit 1 is started, the screw sleeve 111 on the liquid inlet pipe 11 rotates, and the screw sleeve 111 and the umbrella frame 124 are engaged with each other to drive the umbrella frame 124 to move toward the hot liquid outlet. At the same time, the umbrella frame 124 opens the composite flexible shell 12 outward through the support bone 125. At the same time, the flexible airbag 132 connected to the composite flexible shell 12 is opened.

[0079] Next, the robot arm of the remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform buckles the device toward the hydrothermal vent to be measured, so that part of the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent is covered in the flexible airbag 132. The robot arm of the remote-controlled submersible 5 or the automatic underwater platform clamps the device to keep it in a vertical state, aligns the liquid inlet pipe 11 with the hydrothermal vent, and sets the liquid inlet pipe 11 in the vertical direction.

[0080] The third step is to control the tensioning controller 131 to fill the flexible airbag according to the hydrothermal temperature and pressure data monitored by the intelligent adjustment system, so that the flexible airbag 132 expands and tightens, and the flexible airbag 132 fits tightly with the rock mass 4 of the hydrothermal vent, thereby achieving a sealed fit between the automatic sealing combination unit 1 of the device and the hydrothermal vent.

[0081] In the fourth step, after the hydrothermal fluid ejected from the hydrothermal vent enters the fluid pipeline 22 through the fluid inlet pipeline 11, the flow rate, temperature, pressure and chemical composition of the hydrothermal fluid are monitored in real time through the fluid data measurement and processing unit 2. The data processing system 24 processes, stores and transmits the collected real-time hydrothermal data to the mother ship 6 platform on the sea surface.

[0082] At the same time, after the hot liquid fluid continuously flows into the dredging pipe 31 , the drain valve 311 on the dredging pipe 31 is in an open state, and the hot liquid fluid entering the dredging pipe 31 is continuously discharged into the surrounding seawater environment through the drain valve 311 .

[0083] In this embodiment, the hydrothermal fluid is affected by its overflow pressure and will continue to be ejected from the nozzle at a faster flow rate and a larger flux, and the size of each nozzle rock mass is different. Therefore, before the device is docked with the hydrothermal nozzle, the automatic sealing unit 1 is started, and the flexible airbag 132 is driven to unfold through the composite flexible shell 12 to ensure that the flexible airbag can be set on the rock mass 4 of the nozzle. At the same time, the drain valve 311 is opened and the outlet valve 322 is closed to ensure that the device is buckled on the hydrothermal nozzle, and the continuously ejected hydrothermal fluid can smoothly flow into the device through the liquid inlet pipe 11, and quickly be discharged from the dredging pipe 31 after passing through the fluid pipe 22.

[0084] At the same time, since the device is just connected to the hydrothermal vent, each pipe is filled with seawater. At this time, the hydrothermal fluid sprayed from the hydrothermal vent into the liquid inlet pipe 11, the fluid pipe 22 and the dredging pipe 31 will react violently with the seawater in the pipe, and the shape of the hydrothermal fluid is unstable, and reliable data cannot be monitored. Therefore, it is necessary to use the continuously sprayed hydrothermal fluid to empty the seawater and other impurities in the device, that is, to form a closed hydrothermal overflow channel in the hydrothermal vent and the device, so as to perform in-situ detection of the hydrothermal fluid.

[0085] The fifth step is to, based on the hydrothermal fluid data monitored by the fluid data measurement and processing unit 2, when the hydrothermal fluid migration becomes stable, close the drain valve 311 and the liquid outlet valve 323, open the liquid inlet valve 322, and the stable hydrothermal fluid is migrated to the sample collection box 321 for storage under the action of its overflow pressure.

[0086] The fluid data measurement and processing unit 2 and the monitoring devices of the intelligent regulation system are used to monitor the hydrothermal fluid in real time. When the monitored hydrothermal fluid data tends to be stable, data collection and sample collection can be carried out.

[0087] Step 6. After a certain amount of hydrothermal fluid is collected in the sample collection box 321, the drain valve 311 is opened and the inlet valve 322 is closed. The hydrothermal fluid continues to be discharged into the seawater through the dredging pipe 31. At the same time, the mother ship 6 platform analyzes the real-time data of the hydrothermal fluid, evaluates the activity of the hydrothermal vents and their impact on the surrounding environment, and adjusts the position of the device or retracts the device based on the research and analysis results.

[0088] Step 7. After the measurement and sampling tasks are completed, the device is retrieved from the deep sea using a remotely operated submersible 5 or an automatic underwater platform, the liquid outlet valve 323 is opened to transfer and store the hydrothermal fluid sample in the sample collection box 321, and the device is inspected and data is backed up.

[0089] The in-situ measurement sampling device and measurement sampling method of deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined in this article can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-element fluid in-situ measurement sampling device, characterized in that: include: An automatic sealing combination unit includes a liquid inlet pipeline, a composite flexible shell and a sealing device. The composite flexible shell drives the sealing device to cover the annular outer side of the rock of the hydrothermal vent, and the sealing device forms a sealed space for the hydrothermal fluid in the composite flexible shell; A fluid data measurement and processing unit includes a fluid pipeline, which is connected to a liquid inlet pipeline; The in-situ sampling unit comprises a dredging pipeline and a sample collection box. The dredging pipeline is communicated with the fluid pipeline, and the dredging pipeline is connected with the sample collection box.

2. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipeline is arranged along the vertical direction of the hot liquid vent, and the liquid inlet pipeline, the fluid pipeline and the dredging pipeline are sequentially connected and arranged along the flow direction of the hot liquid fluid; A multi-parameter measurement system is arranged on the outside of the fluid channel, and a multi-parameter heat system is arranged along the flow direction of the hydrothermal fluid.

3. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fluid data measurement and processing unit further comprises a protection frame, in which the fluid pipeline, the multi-parameter measurement system and the data processing system are all arranged, and the data processing system is arranged along the flow direction of the hydrothermal fluid; The data processing system is connected to the remotely operated vehicle or the autonomous underwater platform.

4. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain valve is provided at the outlet of the dredging pipeline; A liquid inlet valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the dredging pipeline and the sample collection box, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged at the liquid outlet of the sample collection box.

5. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the liquid inlet pipe facing the hot liquid nozzle is rotatably provided with a cylindrical screw sleeve, and the annular outer side of the screw sleeve is provided with an umbrella-shaped frame, and the umbrella-shaped frame and the screw sleeve are threadedly engaged; One end of the composite flexible jacket is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the composite flexible jacket is connected to the umbrella-shaped frame through a plurality of support bones, the support bones are arranged at intervals along the annular outer side of the umbrella-shaped frame, one end of the support bone is hinged to the umbrella-shaped frame, and the other end of the support bone is fixedly connected to the composite flexible jacket; A sealing device is provided at the inner side wall of the composite flexible outer shell facing the hot liquid vent.

6. The deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing device includes a tensioning controller and a flexible airbag, wherein the annular outer wall of the tensioning controller is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the composite flexible jacket, and the annular inner wall of the tensioning controller is connected to a plurality of annular flexible airbags, and the plurality of flexible airbags are arranged in a vertical direction; The tension controller is connected with the intelligent adjustment system, and the intelligent adjustment system controls the tension controller to inject or extract gas / liquid into or out of the flexible airbag, as well as the injection and extraction amounts.

7. A method for measuring and sampling using the deep-sea hydrothermal vent end-member fluid in-situ measurement sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, grab the device to the vicinity of the hydrothermal vent to be measured, start the automatic sealing and combining unit, and open the sealing device through the composite flexible shell, so that the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent to be measured is covered in the sealing device, and the liquid inlet pipeline is aligned with the hydrothermal vent, and the liquid inlet pipeline is kept in a vertical direction; S2, controlling the sealing device to fit tightly to the rock mass of the hydrothermal vent, so as to achieve sealing fit between the automatic sealing combination unit and the hydrothermal vent; S3. The hydrothermal fluid ejected from the hydrothermal vent enters the dredging pipe through the liquid inlet pipe and the fluid pipe. When the hydrothermal fluid flows through the fluid pipe, the parameters of the hydrothermal fluid are measured. When the parameters of the hydrothermal fluid tend to be stable, the hydrothermal fluid is collected and stored through the collection system.

8. The observation sampling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the automatic sealing unit is started, the screw sleeve on the liquid inlet pipe rotates, and the screw sleeve and the umbrella frame are engaged with each other, so that the umbrella frame moves toward the hot liquid vent, the composite flexible shell is expanded outward through the support bone, and the flexible airbag connected to the composite flexible shell is expanded; In the process of aligning the liquid inlet pipe with the hydrothermal vent, the drain valve is opened and the liquid outlet valve is closed to ensure that the device is smoothly buckled to the hydrothermal vent and the hydrothermal fluid can smoothly enter the liquid inlet pipe, and the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent is covered in the flexible air bag.

9. The observation sampling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the intelligent adjustment system controls the tensioning controller to fill the flexible airbag, so that the flexible airbag expands and tightens, and the flexible airbag fits tightly against the rock mass at the hydrothermal vent.

10. The observation sampling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, after the hot liquid fluid continuously flows into the dredging pipeline, the discharge valve in the dredging pipeline is opened, and the hot liquid fluid in the delivery pipeline is discharged into the seawater environment; When the parameters of the hot liquid fluid monitored in real time are stable, the drain valve and the liquid outlet valve are closed, and the liquid inlet valve is opened. The hot liquid fluid flows into the sample collection box along the dredging pipeline under the action of its overflow pressure, so as to realize the sample collection of the hot liquid fluid; After a certain amount of hydrothermal fluid is collected in the sample collection box, the drain valve is opened and the inlet valve is closed, and the hydrothermal fluid is discharged into the seawater again through the dredging pipeline.

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