Particle accelerator phase space measurement method, system, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of accelerator technology and provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, system, electronic device, and storage medium. The method comprises: controlling the first step length, second step length, third step length, and fourth step length of a first horizontal slit, a second horizontal slit, a first vertical slit, and a second vertical slit within their respective movement ranges, and controlling the current of an energy-scattering diode to scan a preset current step length starting from a starting current within a preset current range, so as to measure the longitudinal length distribution of a bunch at each first step length, each second step length, each third step length, each fourth step length, and each current step length, and determine the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch. The present invention achieves direct measurement of the six-dimensional emittance of a bunch in phase space, and also achieves direct measurement of the lateral horizontal vertical coupled emittance and the lateral vertical horizontal coupled emittance of the bunch, and the measurement is more accurate than indirect measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of accelerator technology, and in particular to a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Currently, research on particle (heavy ion proton) accelerator beam dynamics typically focuses on the beam's transverse and longitudinal phase space distribution, flux intensity, acceleration efficiency, and beam loss control. Fluence, efficiency, and beam loss are all related to the transverse and longitudinal phase space distribution. Particle accelerator phase space measurements include measuring at least one of two-dimensional transverse emittance, longitudinal emittance, coupled emittance, four-dimensional emittance, and six-dimensional emittance. Because the longitudinal length distribution of a bunch is difficult to measure directly, the longitudinal emittance, as well as the four-dimensional and six-dimensional emittances related to it, are also difficult to measure directly. Existing techniques for measuring the longitudinal emittance of a bunch in a particle accelerator rely on indirect measurement methods.

[0003] In existing related technologies, a longitudinal bunch length measurement device (Bunch Shape Monitor, BSM) has been proposed, which can directly measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch. However, it does not provide a solution for how to measure the longitudinal emittance of the bunch. Therefore, how to directly measure the longitudinal emittance of the particle accelerator bunch and thus measure the phase space of the particle accelerator is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan a preset current step length from a starting current within a preset current range, and after each current step, controlling the phase shifter to cause the longitudinal bunch length measurement device to scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at the current current, and obtaining the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step when scanning to the termination current;

[0007] Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0008] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0009] Controlling the first slit to move laterally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, controlling the second slit to move laterally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan the preset current step length from the starting current within the current range after each movement of the second step length, and controlling the phase shifter to enable the longitudinal bunch length measuring device to scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees after each scanning of a current step length, so as to measure the current first step length, the current second step length, and the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current; when the current step length reaches the termination current, returning to control the second slit to move laterally by the next second step length, and when the second slit moves to the second termination position, returning to control the first slit to move laterally by the next first step length, until the first slit moves to the first termination position, thereby obtaining the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step length, each second step length, and each current step length;

[0010] Based on the bunch longitudinal length distribution at each first step size, each second step size and each current step size, the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0011] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0012] Control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range; after each movement of the first step length, control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range; after each movement of the second step length, control the first vertical slit to move horizontally by a third step length from a third starting position within a preset third position range; after each movement of the third step length, control the second vertical slit to move horizontally by a fourth step length from a fourth starting position within a preset fourth position range; after each movement of the fourth step length, control the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan the preset current step length from the starting current within the current range; and after each scanning of a current step, control the phase shifter so that the longitudinal bunch length measuring device scans a 0-360 degree phase. , to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current first step length, the current second step length, the current third step length, the current fourth step length and the current current; when the current step length reaches the termination current, return to control the second vertical slit to move vertically to the next fourth step length, when the second vertical slit moves to the fourth termination position, return to control the first vertical slit to move vertically to the next third step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the third termination position, return to control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next second step length, when the second horizontal slit moves to the second termination position, return to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next first step length, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first termination position, obtain the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step length, each second step length, each third step length, each fourth step length and each current step;

[0013] Based on the bunch longitudinal length distribution at each first step size, each second step size, each third step size, each fourth step size and each current step size, the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0014] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the transverse horizontal emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0015] The first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by one step from a starting position within a preset position range. After each step, the second horizontal slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal direction. The flux intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit is recorded to obtain the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch at the current step. When the first horizontal slit moves to the end position according to the step, the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch at each step is obtained.

[0016] Based on the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch at each step, the lateral horizontal emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0017] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the transverse vertical emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0018] The first vertical slit is controlled to move vertically and horizontally by one step from the starting position within a preset position range. After each step, the second vertical slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal vertical direction, and the flux intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit is recorded to obtain the vertical profile distribution of the bunch at the current step. When the first vertical slit moves to the end position according to the step, the vertical profile distribution of the bunch at each step is obtained.

[0019] Based on the vertical profile distribution of the bunch at each step, the lateral vertical emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0020] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the transverse horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0021] Controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, and controlling the second vertical slit to move continuously in the horizontal vertical direction after each movement of the second step length, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit to obtain a vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and the current second step length; when the first vertical slit moves to the second end position, returning to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by the next first step length, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first end position, obtaining a vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length;

[0022] Based on the vertical angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral horizontal vertical coupling emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0023] A particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention further includes: measuring the transverse vertical and horizontal coupled emittance of the bunch, specifically including:

[0024] Controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally in the transverse direction by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, and controlling the second horizontal slit to move continuously in the transverse direction after each movement of the second horizontal slit, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit to obtain a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and second step length; when the first horizontal slit moves to the second end position, returning to control the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by the next first step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the first end position, obtaining a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length;

[0025] Based on the horizontal angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0026] The present invention also provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement system, comprising the following modules:

[0027] a first control module, configured to control the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan a preset current step length from a starting current within a preset current range, and after each current step is scanned, control the phase shifter to cause the longitudinal bunch length measurement device to scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at the current current, and obtain the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step when scanning to the termination current;

[0028] The longitudinal emittance determination module is used to determine the longitudinal emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each current step.

[0029] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method as described above is implemented.

[0030] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method as described above is implemented.

[0031] The present invention provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, system, electronic device, and storage medium. This method controls the current of an energy-scattering diode to scan a preset current step length from a starting current within a preset current range. After each current step length is scanned, a phase shifter is controlled to cause a longitudinal bunch length measurement device to scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at the current current. When the current is scanned to the termination current, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step length is obtained. Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step length, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined. Specifically, by scanning the current step length within the preset current range using the energy-scattering diode and scanning the phase at each current step length using the BSM, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch in phase space is directly measured, and the measurement is more accurate than indirect measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement results of longitudinal emittance using the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is the second flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is the third flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is the fourth flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is the fifth flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is the sixth flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 This is the seventh flow chart of the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of various devices for implementing the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the particle accelerator phase space measurement system provided by the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The six-dimensional phase space of a particle accelerator is represented by (x, x', y, y', z, z'). The beam's direction of travel is typically referred to as the longitudinal direction z, while the direction perpendicular to the beam's motion is the transverse direction, which is further divided into the horizontal direction x and the vertical direction y. The transverse phase space is calculated as the area defined by the transverse position (x, y) and the transverse angles (x' and y') of the particle under an applied electromagnetic field. The longitudinal motion, described by (z, z' or w, t), describes the movement of the bunch around a virtual longitudinally synchronized particle under the influence of the electric field in the accelerator gap. This motion is characterized by the density distribution consisting of the bunch's energy dispersion w and its phase t (time information along the z-axis), i.e., the longitudinal emittance.

[0046] In heavy ion proton accelerators, the shortest full width length of a bunch is usually only a few ns (nanoseconds), and the resolution of the measurement of the longitudinal length of the bunch must be less than tens of ps (picoseconds) to be considered an accurate measurement. The energy dispersion measurement resolution also determines the number of layers and accuracy of the longitudinal emittance slice, which is usually required to be <0.1%. Therefore, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch is difficult to measure directly, and thus the longitudinal emittance of the bunch in the phase space cannot be directly measured. At present, a longitudinal bunch length measurement device BSM (see patent application CN118732013A) can directly measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch, but does not provide a solution for how to measure the longitudinal emittance of the bunch. Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, which can directly measure the longitudinal emittance of the bunch in the particle accelerator phase space, thereby directly measuring other emittances in the phase space. As Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps.

[0047] Step 1: Control the current of the energy-spreading dipole to sweep a preset current step size from a starting current (e.g., 310 A) within a preset current range (this current range is set based on the required deflection beam energy). This involves increasing the current step size by one at a time. To ensure accurate measurement, the current step size is kept to be less than or equal to 0.1 A. After each current step, the phase shifter is controlled to sweep the longitudinal bunch length measurement device (BSM) from 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal bunch length distribution at the current current. At the end current (the end current of the current range), the longitudinal bunch length distribution for each current step (i.e., energy slice) is obtained. Specifically, each current corresponds to an energy spread w, each energy spread w corresponds to multiple phases t, and a longitudinal bunch length signal is measured at each phase t.

[0048] Step 2: Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, determine the longitudinal emittance of the bunch. That is, combine the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at all current steps to obtain the longitudinal emittance w,t of the bunch. The longitudinal emittance is measured as Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the phase, the vertical axis on the left represents the current, and the vertical axis on the right is the longitudinal length signal value of the bunch measured by the longitudinal bunch length measuring device.

[0049] The specific process is as follows Figure 1 As shown, measuring the longitudinal emittance of a bunch includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S101: Control the energy dissipating diode to scan a current step according to a preset current step value, starting from a starting current within a preset current range. Each time the energy dissipating diode scans a current step, it represents an energy slice.

[0051] Step S102: Control the phase shifter of the longitudinal bunch measurement device to scan the phase from 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch. For each energy slice, the BSM scans the phase and measures the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at the current.

[0052] Step S103: After completing a longitudinal length distribution measurement, determine whether the current of the diode reaches the end current of the current range. If so, execute step S104; otherwise, jump to step S101 and scan the next current step in step S101.

[0053] Step S104: determining the longitudinal emittance based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch obtained from all scans, that is, determining the longitudinal emittance of the bunch according to the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step obtained finally.

[0054] The particle accelerator phase space measurement method of this embodiment scans the current step within a preset current range by using an energy-scattering diode. At each current step, the phase is scanned by the BSM, thereby achieving direct measurement of the longitudinal emittance of the bunch in the phase space. Compared with indirect measurement, the measurement is more accurate.

[0055] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 3 As shown, specifically including:

[0056] The first slit is controlled to move laterally from the first starting position to the first step length within a preset first position range. After each movement of the first step length, the second slit is controlled to move laterally from the second starting position to the second step length within the preset second position range. After each movement of the second step length, the current of the energy dissipating diode is controlled to scan the preset current step length from the starting current within the current range. After each scanning of a current step length, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measuring device scan the phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the current first step length, the current second step length and the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current; when the current step length reaches the termination current, the second slit is returned to be controlled to move laterally to the next second step length. When the second slit moves to the second termination position, the first slit is returned to be controlled to move laterally to the next first step length until the first slit moves to the first termination position, thereby obtaining the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step length, each second step length and each current step.

[0057] Based on the bunch longitudinal length distribution at each first step size, each second step size and each current step size, the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0058] It should be noted that the first slit and the second slit are both horizontal slits or vertical slits. If they are horizontal slits, they are moved horizontally along the horizontal direction to obtain the four-dimensional emittance of x, x', w, t. If they are vertical slits, they are moved vertically along the horizontal direction to obtain the four-dimensional emittance of y, y', w, t.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S301: controlling the first slit to move laterally by a first step length according to a preset first step length value, that is, controlling the first slit to move laterally by the first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range;

[0061] Step S302: controlling the second slit to move laterally by a second step length according to a preset second step length value, that is, controlling the second slit to move laterally by a second step length from the second starting position within a preset second position range.

[0062] Step S303: controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan a current step, that is, controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan the preset current step from the starting current within the current range.

[0063] Step S304: controlling the phase shifter to enable the longitudinal bunch measuring device to scan the phase from 0 to 360 degrees to measure the current first step length, the current second step length and the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current current.

[0064] Step S305: Determine whether the current of the power dissipating diode reaches the termination current. If not, jump to step S303, that is, in step S303, the current value of the power dissipating diode is increased by one current step; if yes, execute step S306.

[0065] Step S306: Determine whether the second slit reaches the second end position. If not, execute step S307; if yes, execute step S308.

[0066] Step S307: Control the energy dissipating diode current to return to the initial current, and jump to step S302, that is, in step S302, the second slit moves a second step length.

[0067] Step S308: Determine whether the first slit reaches the first end position. If not, execute step S309; if so, execute step S310.

[0068] Step S309: Control the second slit to return to the second starting position, and jump to step S301, that is, in step S301, the first slit moves again by the first step length.

[0069] Step S310 : determining the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each first step, each second step, and each current step.

[0070] This embodiment realizes direct measurement of the four-dimensional emittance of a bunch in the phase space of a particle accelerator, and the measurement is more accurate than indirect measurement.

[0071] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 4 As shown, specifically including:

[0072] Control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range; after each movement of the first step length, control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range; after each movement of the second step length, control the first vertical slit to move horizontally by a third step length from a third starting position within a preset third position range; after each movement of the third step length, control the second vertical slit to move horizontally by a fourth step length from a fourth starting position within a preset fourth position range; after each movement of the fourth step length, control the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan the preset current step length from the starting current within the current range; and after each scanning of a current step, control the phase shifter so that the longitudinal bunch length measuring device scans a 0-360 degree phase. , to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current first step, the current second step, the current third step, the current fourth step and the current current; when the current step reaches the termination current, return to control the second vertical slit to move vertically to the next fourth step, when the second vertical slit moves to the fourth termination position, return to control the first vertical slit to move vertically to the next third step, until the first vertical slit moves to the third termination position, return to control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next second step, when the second horizontal slit moves to the second termination position, return to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next first step, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first termination position, obtain the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step, each second step, each third step, each fourth step and each current step.

[0073] Based on the bunch longitudinal length distribution at each first step, each second step, each third step, each fourth step and each current step, the six-dimensional emittance x,x', y,y',w,t of the bunch is determined.

[0074] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S401: controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by the first step length according to the preset first step length value, that is, controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by the first step length from the first starting position within the preset first position range.

[0076] Step S402: controlling the second horizontal slit to move horizontally by a second step length according to a preset second step length value, that is, controlling the second horizontal slit to move horizontally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range.

[0077] Step S403: controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a third step length according to a preset third step length value, that is, controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a third step length from the third starting position within a preset third position range.

[0078] Step S404: controlling the second vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a fourth step length according to a preset fourth step length value, that is, controlling the second vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a fourth step length from a fourth starting position within a preset fourth position range.

[0079] Step S405: controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan a current step, that is, controlling the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan the preset current step from the starting current within the current range.

[0080] Step S406: Control the phase shifter to make the longitudinal bunch length measurement device scan the phase from 0 to 360 degrees to measure the current first step length, the current second step length, the current third step length, the current fourth step length and the longitudinal bunch length distribution under the current current.

[0081] Step S407: Determine whether the current of the power dissipating diode reaches the termination current. If not, jump to step S405, that is, in step S405, the current value of the power dissipating diode is increased by one current step; if yes, execute step S408.

[0082] Step S408: Determine whether the second vertical slit reaches the fourth end position. If not, execute step S409; if yes, execute step S410.

[0083] Step S409: Control the energy dissipating diode current to return to the initial current, and jump to step S404, that is, in step S404, the second vertical slit moves a fourth step length.

[0084] Step S410: Determine whether the first vertical slit reaches the third end position. If not, execute step S411; if yes, execute step S412.

[0085] Step S411: controlling the second vertical slit to return to the fourth starting position, and jumping to step S403, that is, in step S403, the first vertical slit moves a third step length.

[0086] Step S412: Determine whether the second horizontal slit reaches the second end position; if not, execute step S413; if yes, execute step S414.

[0087] Step S413: controlling the first vertical slit to return to the third starting position, and jumping to step S402, that is, in step S402, the second horizontal slit moves again by a second step length.

[0088] Step S414: Whether the first horizontal slit reaches the first end position, if not, execute step S415; if so, execute step S416.

[0089] Step S415: Control the second horizontal slit to return to the second starting position, and jump to step S401, that is, in step S401, the first horizontal slit moves again by the first step length.

[0090] Step S416 : determining the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each first step size, each second step size, each third step size, each fourth step size and each current step size.

[0091] This embodiment realizes direct measurement of the six-dimensional emittance of a bunch in the phase space of a particle accelerator, and the measurement is more accurate than indirect measurement.

[0092] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the transverse horizontal emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 5 As shown, specifically including:

[0093] The first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally one step from the starting position within a preset position range, and after each step, the second horizontal slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal direction, and the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit is recorded to obtain the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch under the current step. When the first horizontal slit moves to the end position according to the step, the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch under each step is obtained.

[0094] Based on the horizontal profile distribution of the bunch at each step, the lateral horizontal emittance of the bunch, namely the xx' emittance, is determined.

[0095] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the lateral horizontal emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0096] Step S501: controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by one step according to a preset step value, that is, controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by one step starting from a starting position within a preset position range.

[0097] Step S502: Control the second horizontal slit to continuously move along the horizontal direction and record the flow intensity value of the Faraday cage. Specifically, the second horizontal slit is also controlled to move along a certain step length within a certain position range.

[0098] Step S503: Determine whether the first horizontal slit reaches the end position. If not, jump to step S501, that is, in step S501, control the first horizontal slit to move another step; if yes, execute step S504.

[0099] Step S504: Determine the transverse horizontal emittance based on all recorded flux intensity values.

[0100] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the transverse vertical emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 6 As shown, specifically including:

[0101] The first vertical slit is controlled to move vertically and horizontally by one step from the starting position within a preset position range. After each step, the second vertical slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal vertical direction, and the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit is recorded to obtain the vertical profile distribution of the bunch under the current step. When the first vertical slit moves to the end position according to the step, the vertical profile distribution of the bunch under each step is obtained.

[0102] Based on the vertical profile distribution of the bunch at each step, the lateral vertical emittance of the bunch, namely the yy' emittance, is determined.

[0103] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the transverse vertical emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0104] Step S601: controlling the first vertical slit to move horizontally and vertically by one step according to a preset step value, that is, controlling the first vertical slit to move horizontally and vertically by one step starting from the starting position within a preset position range.

[0105] Step S602: Control the second vertical slit to continuously move along the transverse vertical direction and record the flow intensity value of the Faraday cage. Specifically, the second vertical slit is also controlled to move along a certain step length within a certain position range.

[0106] Step S603: Determine whether the first vertical slit reaches the end position. If not, jump to step S601, that is, in step S601, control the first vertical slit to move another step; if yes, execute step S604.

[0107] Step S604: Determine the transverse vertical emittance based on all recorded flux intensity values.

[0108] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the transverse horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 7 As shown, specifically including:

[0109] The first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by the first step length starting from the first starting position within a preset first position range, and after each movement of the first step length, the first vertical slit is controlled to move vertically by the second step length starting from the second starting position within a preset second position range, and after each movement of the second step length, the second vertical slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit is recorded to obtain the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and the current second step length; when the first vertical slit moves to the second end position, the first horizontal slit is returned to be controlled to move horizontally by the next first step length until the first horizontal slit moves to the first end position, and the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length is obtained.

[0110] Based on the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral horizontal vertical coupling emittance of the bunch, ie, the xy' coupling emittance, is determined.

[0111] Specifically, if Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the transverse horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0112] Step S701: controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by one step according to a preset step value, that is, controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by one step from a first starting position within a preset first position range.

[0113] Step S702: controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a step length according to a preset step length, that is, controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by a second step length from the second starting position within a preset second position range.

[0114] Step S703: Control the second vertical slit to continuously move in the transverse vertical direction and record the flow intensity value of the Faraday cage. Specifically, the second vertical slit also moves in a certain position range and a certain step length in the transverse vertical direction.

[0115] Step S704: Determine whether the first vertical slit reaches the end position, that is, reaches the second end position. If not, jump to step S702, that is, in step S702, control the first vertical slit to move another second step length; if so, execute step S705.

[0116] Step S705: Determine whether the first horizontal slit reaches the end position, that is, reaches the first end position. If not, jump to step S706; if so, execute step S707.

[0117] Step S706: Control the first vertical slit to return to the starting position, ie, return to the second starting position, and jump to step S701, that is, in step S701, control the first horizontal slit to move another first step.

[0118] Step S707: Based on all recorded flux intensity values, ie, the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, determine the transverse horizontal vertical coupling emittance.

[0119] In some embodiments, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method further includes: measuring the transverse vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch, such as Figure 8 As shown, specifically including:

[0120] The first vertical slit is controlled to move horizontally and vertically for a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and after each movement of the first step length, the first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally and horizontally for a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range, and after each movement of the second step length, the second horizontal slit is controlled to move continuously in the horizontal direction, and the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit is recorded to obtain the horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and second step length; when the first horizontal slit moves to the second end position, the first vertical slit is returned to be controlled to move horizontally and vertically for the next first step length until the first vertical slit moves to the first end position, and the horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length is obtained.

[0121] Based on the horizontal angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch, ie, the yx' coupling emittance, is determined.

[0122] Specifically, if Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, measuring the transverse vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch includes the following steps:

[0123] Step S801: controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by one step according to a preset step value, that is, controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically and horizontally by one step from a first starting position within a preset first position range.

[0124] Step S802: controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a step size according to a preset step size value, that is, controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a second step size from a second starting position within a preset second position range.

[0125] Step S803: Control the second horizontal slit to continuously move in the horizontal direction and record the flow intensity value of the Faraday cage. Specifically, the second horizontal slit also moves in a certain position range and a certain step length in the horizontal direction.

[0126] Step S804: Determine whether the first horizontal slit reaches the end position, that is, reaches the second end position. If not, jump to step S802, that is, in step S802, control the first horizontal slit to move another second step length; if so, execute step S805.

[0127] Step S805: Determine whether the first vertical slit reaches the end position, that is, reaches the first end position. If not, jump to step S806; if so, execute step S807.

[0128] Step S806: Control the first horizontal slit to return to the starting position, ie, return to the second starting position, and jump to step S801, that is, in step S801, control the first vertical slit to move another first step.

[0129] Step S808: Determine the transverse vertical coupling emittance based on all recorded flux intensity values, ie, the horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length.

[0130] It should be noted that: during the measurement of the above-mentioned emittances, after any slit moves the last position step within its moving position range, an external trigger signal needs to be connected to trigger the next slit to continue moving; after the longitudinal bunch length measurement device BSM scans the 0~360 degree phase once, an external trigger signal needs to be connected to trigger the energy dispersing diode to scan the next current step; after the energy dispersing diode scans the current range once, an external trigger signal needs to be connected to trigger the next slit to move, so as to ensure the synchronization of the operation of each module.

[0131] In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments, during the measurement of two-dimensional lateral emittance, coupled emittance, four-dimensional emittance, and six-dimensional emittance, the position range of each slit movement is determined by the size of the beam spot (the shape of the beam bunch in the lateral space) and / or the estimated angular dispersion, and the position movement step size of each slit is also determined by the beam spot size and the estimated angular dispersion range. In different emittance measurements, the position range of each slit can be the same or different, and the position movement step size of each slit can be the same or different.

[0132] like Figure 9Figure 2 shows the combined structure of the measurement devices used in the particle accelerator phase space measurement methods described in the above embodiments. The measurement devices include: a first horizontal slit 11, a second horizontal slit 12, a first vertical slit 21, a second vertical slit 22, a medium-power Faraday cup 3 (MFC), an energy-scattering dipole 4, a longitudinal bunch length measurement device 5 (BSM), and a beam dump 6 (Dump). It should be noted that for each of the above embodiments, different measurement devices are required for measuring different emittances. Simply deploy the required measurement devices in the beam channel and control the corresponding measurement devices by executing the host computer program described in the above embodiments.

[0133] For the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch, all the above measurement devices are required except for the medium power Faraday cup 3, which can be calculated by Figure 9 The combined structure is configured such that all measuring devices except the medium-power Faraday cup 3 are arranged in the beam channel.

[0134] For the four-dimensional emittance of the bunch, only the energy-scattering diode 4, the longitudinal bunch length measuring device 5, the beam trash can 6 and two sets of slits are needed. Figure 9 In the embodiment, the first horizontal slit 11, the second horizontal slit 12 and the medium-power Faraday cage 3 can be removed from the beam channel, or the first vertical slit 21, the second vertical slit 22 and the medium-power Faraday cage 3 can be removed from the beam channel.

[0135] For the longitudinal emittance of the bunch, only the energy-scattering diode 4, the longitudinal bunch length measuring device 5 and the beam trash can 6 are needed. Figure 9 In the process, the slits and the medium-power Faraday cage 3 are removed from the beam channel.

[0136] For the lateral horizontal emittance of the bunch, only the first horizontal slit 11, the second horizontal slit 12 and the medium power Faraday cage 3 are needed. Figure 9 In the process, other measuring devices can be removed from the beam channel.

[0137] For the lateral vertical emittance of the bunch, only the first vertical slit 21, the second vertical slit 22 and the medium power Faraday cage 3 are needed. Figure 9 In the process, other measuring devices can be removed from the beam channel.

[0138] For the horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of the bunch, only the first horizontal slit 11, the first vertical slit 21, the second vertical slit 22 and the medium power Faraday cage 3 are needed. Figure 9 In the process, other measuring devices can be removed from the beam channel.

[0139] For the lateral vertical and horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch, only the first vertical slit 21, the first horizontal slit 11, the second horizontal slit 12 and the medium power Faraday cage 3 are needed. Figure 9 In the process, other measuring devices can be removed from the beam channel.

[0140] The particle accelerator phase space measurement system provided by the present invention is described below. The particle accelerator phase space measurement system described below and the particle accelerator phase space measurement method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0141] The particle accelerator phase space measurement system of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the following modules 1010 and 1020 are included.

[0142] The first control module 1010 is used to control the current of the energy dissipating diode to scan a preset current step from a starting current within a preset current range, and after each current step is scanned, control the phase shifter so that the longitudinal bunch length measurement device scans a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current current, and when the end current is scanned, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each current step is obtained.

[0143] The longitudinal emittance determination module 1020 is configured to determine the longitudinal emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step.

[0144] The particle accelerator phase space measurement system of an embodiment of the present invention controls the current of an energy-scattering diode to scan a preset current step length from a starting current within a preset current range. After each current step, the phase shifter is controlled to cause the longitudinal bunch length measurement device to scan the phase from 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at the current current. When the current is scanned to the end current, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step is obtained. Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined. Specifically, by scanning the current step length within the preset current range using the energy-scattering diode and scanning the phase at each current step using the BSM, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch in phase space is directly measured, and the measurement is more accurate than indirect measurement.

[0145] Figure 11 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 11As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1110, a communications interface 1120, a memory 1130, and a communication bus 1140, wherein the processor 1110, the communications interface 1120, and the memory 1130 communicate with each other via the communication bus 1140. The processor 1110 may call logic instructions in the memory 1130 to execute a particle accelerator phase space measurement method, which includes:

[0146] The current of the energy-dissipating diode is controlled to scan a preset current step from a starting current within a preset current range. After each current step is scanned, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measurement device scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current current. When the end current is scanned, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each current step is obtained.

[0147] Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0148] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 1130 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product, stored in a storage medium, includes instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0149] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program. The computer program may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0150] The current of the energy-dissipating diode is controlled to scan a preset current step from a starting current within a preset current range. After each current step is scanned, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measurement device scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current current. When the end current is scanned, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each current step is obtained.

[0151] Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0152] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the particle accelerator phase space measurement method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0153] The current of the energy-dissipating diode is controlled to scan a preset current step from a starting current within a preset current range. After each current step is scanned, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measurement device scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees to measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current current. When the end current is scanned, the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each current step is obtained.

[0154] Based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each current step, the longitudinal emittance of the bunch is determined.

[0155] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0156] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain portions of the embodiments.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A particle accelerator phase space measurement method, characterized in that: include: Measure the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch, including: The first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range. After each movement of the first step length, the second horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range. After each movement of the second step length, the first vertical slit is controlled to move horizontally by a third step length from a third starting position within a preset third position range. After each movement of the third step length, the second vertical slit is controlled to move horizontally by a fourth step length from a fourth starting position within a preset fourth position range. After each movement of the fourth step length, the current of the energy dissipating diode is controlled to scan a preset current step length from the starting current within the current range. After each scanning of a current step, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measuring device scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees. Measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current first step length, the current second step length, the current third step length, the current fourth step length and the current current; when the current step length reaches the termination current, return to control the second vertical slit to move vertically to the next fourth step length, when the second vertical slit moves to the fourth termination position, return to control the first vertical slit to move vertically to the next third step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the third termination position, return to control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next second step length, when the second horizontal slit moves to the second termination position, return to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next first step length, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first termination position, and obtain the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step length, each second step length, each third step length, each fourth step length and each current step; Based on the bunch longitudinal length distribution at each first step size, each second step size, each third step size, each fourth step size and each current step size, the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch is determined.

2. A particle accelerator phase space measurement method, characterized in that: include: Measuring the transverse horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of the bunch, including: Controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, and controlling the second vertical slit to move continuously in the horizontal vertical direction after each movement of the second step length, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit to obtain a vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and the current second step length; when the first vertical slit moves to the second end position, returning to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by the next first step length, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first end position, obtaining a vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length; Based on the vertical angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral horizontal vertical coupling emittance of the bunch is determined.

3. A particle accelerator phase space measurement method, characterized in that: include: Measuring the transverse vertical coupled emittance of the bunch, including: Controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally in the transverse direction by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, and controlling the second horizontal slit to move continuously in the transverse direction after each movement of the second horizontal slit, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit to obtain a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and second step length; when the first horizontal slit moves to the second end position, returning to control the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by the next first step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the first end position, obtaining a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length; Based on the horizontal angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch is determined.

4. A particle accelerator phase space measurement system, characterized in that: include: Module for measuring the six-dimensional emittance of a bunch, specifically for: The first horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range. After each movement of the first step length, the second horizontal slit is controlled to move horizontally by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range. After each movement of the second step length, the first vertical slit is controlled to move horizontally by a third step length from a third starting position within a preset third position range. After each movement of the third step length, the second vertical slit is controlled to move horizontally by a fourth step length from a fourth starting position within a preset fourth position range. After each movement of the fourth step length, the current of the energy dissipating diode is controlled to scan a preset current step length from the starting current within the current range. After each scanning of a current step, the phase shifter is controlled to make the longitudinal bunch length measuring device scan a phase of 0 to 360 degrees. Measure the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under the current first step length, the current second step length, the current third step length, the current fourth step length and the current current; when the current step length reaches the termination current, return to control the second vertical slit to move vertically to the next fourth step length, when the second vertical slit moves to the fourth termination position, return to control the first vertical slit to move vertically to the next third step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the third termination position, return to control the second horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next second step length, when the second horizontal slit moves to the second termination position, return to control the first horizontal slit to move horizontally to the next first step length, until the first horizontal slit moves to the first termination position, and obtain the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch under each first step length, each second step length, each third step length, each fourth step length and each current step; determining the six-dimensional emittance of the bunch based on the longitudinal length distribution of the bunch at each first step length, each second step length, each third step length, each fourth step length and each current step length; Alternatively, the device comprises a module for measuring the lateral horizontal and vertical coupling emittance of a bunch, specifically for: Controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range, and controlling the second vertical slit to move continuously in the horizontal vertical direction after each movement of the second step length, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second vertical slit, so as to obtain the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and the current second step length; When the first vertical slit moves to the second end position, the first horizontal slit is returned to be controlled to move horizontally by the next first step length until the first horizontal slit moves to the first end position, and the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length is obtained; Determine the lateral horizontal vertical coupling emittance of the bunch based on the vertical angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length; Alternatively, the method comprises a module for measuring the transverse vertical horizontal coupling emittance of a bunch, specifically comprising: Controlling the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by a first step length from a first starting position within a preset first position range, and controlling the first horizontal slit to move horizontally in the transverse direction by a second step length from a second starting position within a preset second position range after each movement of the first step length, and controlling the second horizontal slit to move continuously in the transverse direction after each movement of the second horizontal slit, and recording the flow intensity value of the Faraday cup after each movement of the second horizontal slit to obtain a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under the current first step length and second step length; when the first horizontal slit moves to the second end position, returning to control the first vertical slit to move vertically in the transverse direction by the next first step length, until the first vertical slit moves to the first end position, obtaining a horizontal angle distribution of the bunch coupling profile under each first step length and each second step length; Based on the horizontal angular distribution of the bunch coupling profile at each first step length and each second step length, the lateral vertical horizontal coupling emittance of the bunch is determined.

5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the particle accelerator phase space measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented.

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