Graph database-based power grid multi-spatio-temporal dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a power grid multi-temporal-spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map construction method based on a graph database, and the method comprises the steps: S1, obtaining power grid equipment model data and power grid operation data in a power grid, and creating a power grid graph model; generating a power grid graph model based on the power grid graph model; s2, constructing a power grid electricity carbon calculation model based on the power grid topological data and the power grid operation measurement data; s3, dynamically calculating real-time carbon emission data of each node of the power grid by using the graph database based on the power grid electricity carbon calculation model and the power grid graph model; and S4, based on the real-time carbon emission data of each node of the power grid, constructing a multi-time-space fusion carbon footprint map, and checking electric power carbon footprints at different times and in different spaces in the three-dimensional map. According to the method, the graph database is used, the operation topology and operation data of the power grid are imported in real time, the three-dimensional GIS map is constructed based on cesium, and the multi-space-time carbon footprint panoramic map display of the power grid is realized in combination with the query and analysis capability of the graph database.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of map construction, and in particular to a method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database. Background Art

[0002] Carbon emissions from the energy industry account for 88% of total carbon dioxide emissions, and carbon emissions from the power industry exceed 40% of total emissions from the energy industry. Under the dual carbon goals, the energy industry is the main battlefield and the power industry is the main stronghold. The power grid, as the core part of the power industry, plays an important role in the dual carbon goals. Relying on the core position of the dispatching center in the power system, and utilizing its operating measurement data covering each link such as generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, and use, combined with electricity-carbon correlation analysis, the analysis and calculation application of electricity carbon intensity in different time and place can be realized.

[0003] Accurate carbon accounting is the bridge and link between electricity consumption and carbon emissions. It is an important means for power grid companies to serve the country's "dual carbon" strategy and fulfill their social responsibilities. It can help enterprises calculate their own carbon emissions to cope with carbon quota compliance, participate in carbon market transactions, compile corporate greenhouse gas inventories, and formulate scientific and reasonable carbon emission reduction plans. It can also help the government understand the regional electricity carbon consumption, scientifically supervise the total carbon emissions in the region, allocate carbon indicators, scientifically formulate regional new energy power generation plans, and "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" implementation plans, use "green electricity" to attract investment, promote the scientific development of the local economy and help achieve the "dual carbon" goals.

[0004] Traditional carbon emission calculation methods are often based on static data, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emissions of power grids in actual operation.

[0005] Existing platforms are often based on static data, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emissions of the power grid in actual operation. They lack real-time power grid operation data support and make it difficult to analyze the impact of changes in power grid operation topology on electricity carbon calculations.

[0006] When faced with complex power grids, existing technologies have slow speeds and low accuracy when calculating carbon emission data for a large number of nodes and lines, and are unable to meet the power grid's needs for accurate calculation and dynamic monitoring of carbon emissions.

[0007] The existing platform only supports the Web to display carbon neutrality flow in the form of ECharts charts and two-dimensional maps. It cannot show strong scene expression and it is difficult to accurately grasp the panoramic view of the carbon footprint in the power grid through real-time dynamic rendering. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid in multiple time and space based on a graph database. The method mainly uses a graph database to import the operation topology and operation data of the power grid in real time, dynamically calculate the carbon emission data of the power grid, and improve the speed and accuracy of the calculation of the power grid's carbon emissions. Secondly, a three-dimensional GIS map is constructed based on Cesium, and the query and analysis capabilities of the graph database are combined to realize the panoramic map display of the multi-time and space carbon footprint of the power grid.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database includes:

[0011] S1: Obtain the grid equipment model data and grid operation data in the grid, analyze the grid nodes and the connection relationship between the nodes, obtain the grid topology connection relationship, and create a grid graph model; Based on the grid graph model analysis, obtain the grid topology data and grid operation measurement data, convert them into csv files and import them into the graph database to generate a grid graph model;

[0012] S2: Based on the grid topology data and grid operation measurement data, the grid power flow model is obtained, and then the grid carbon flow model is obtained, and the grid carbon calculation model is constructed;

[0013] S3: Based on the power grid carbon calculation model and the power grid one-graph model, the graph database is used to implement the carbon calculation algorithm and dynamically calculate the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid;

[0014] S4: Based on the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid, a multi-time and space integrated carbon footprint map is constructed to enable the viewing of electricity carbon footprints at different times and spaces in a three-dimensional map.

[0015] In this specification, S1 includes:

[0016] S1.1: Obtain grid equipment model data, including static grid model data of power stations, substations, generator sets, main transformers, transmission lines, and busbars; obtain grid operation measurement data during grid operation, including electrical measurement data, generator set measurement data, main transformer measurement data, and transmission line section point measurement data;

[0017] S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationship between the equipment nodes, obtain the power grid topology data, and create a power grid diagram model;

[0018] S1.3: Convert the format of the power grid topology data and the power grid operation measurement data, and use shell scripts or development languages ​​to write programs to convert the data into csv files.

[0019] S1.4: Convert the csv file into insert statements and import them into the graph database in batches to generate a graph model of the power grid;

[0020] S1.5: Regularly obtain the power grid equipment model data and power grid operation measurement data, and convert the data into a csv file through S1.1-S1.3. The point data is directly converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database in batches for updating. The edge data needs to delete the original edges in the database first, and then converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database.

[0021] In this specification, S2 includes:

[0022] S2.1: The power station contains multiple generator sets. The power station is regarded as a power generation node. The measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power and power generation of the entire power generation node.

[0023] S2.2: The substation contains multiple main transformers. The substation is regarded as a substation node. The measured data of the main transformers are accumulated to obtain the active power and reactive power of the entire substation node.

[0024] S2.3: The carbon emissions of the entire power grid all come from the power generation nodes, which are gradually transmitted to the entire power grid through the power flow of the power grid; the carbon emissions of the power generation nodes are expressed as the sum of the carbon emissions of all the generators in the power station, the carbon emissions of the transmission lines are all provided by the starting power station / substation, and the carbon emissions of the substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines; the calculation formula for the electric carbon of the power grid node is as follows;

[0025] Power station: Carbon emissions = ∑ (unit power generation * carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor; CE g Represents carbon emissions from power plants, PE i represents the power generation of the ith generator set, CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power station;

[0026]

[0027] Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑ (carbon emissions of transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load; CE p Indicates the carbon emissions of substations, CE Li represents the carbon emission of the i-th transmission line; CI p represents the carbon intensity of the substation, P represents the total active power of the substation, and T represents time;

[0028]

[0029] Transmission line: Carbon emission = Carbon intensity of the starting substation / starting power station*total load; CE L represents the carbon emissions of transmission lines, CI 起点represents the carbon intensity of the starting plant, P represents the active power of the transmission line, and T represents time;

[0030] CE L =CI 起点 *P*T.

[0031] In this specification, S3 includes:

[0032] S3.1: According to the affiliation between the generator set and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power and total power generation of the power station are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0033] Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON;

[0034] Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate, and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station;

[0035] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0036] S3.2: According to the subordinate relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0037] Find all main transformers through LOOKUP ON;

[0038] Through GO, the Transformer points found are traversed along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the main transformers connected to the substation. GROUP BY is used for aggregation to calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation.

[0039] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0040] S3.3: Based on the S2.3 electric carbon calculation model, the graph database is used to traverse the entire power grid graph structure starting from the power station to calculate the carbon emission data of each node;

[0041] First, the carbon emission and carbon intensity data of all power stations are calculated, then the carbon emission data of the transmission line segments connected to the power stations are calculated, and then the carbon emission and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments are calculated, and the carbon emission data of the entire power grid nodes are calculated step by step in this way;

[0042] The carbon emissions of a power station all come from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generators. First, calculate the carbon emissions of the power station. The calculation process is as follows:

[0043] Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON;

[0044] Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate them, and calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the power station;

[0045] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0046] The carbon emissions of the transmission line segment come from the plant station at the starting point of the segment, and the carbon emissions of the substation come from the sum of the carbon emissions of all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and influence each other. The calculation process is as follows:

[0047] First, find all power station nodes through LOOKUP ON.

[0048] Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant station connected to the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link;

[0049] Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find all the input Links of the point Substation, and superimpose the carbon intensity of the Link to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation.

[0050] In this specification, S4 includes:

[0051] S4.1: 3D GIS scene construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scale adjustment and format conversion to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene;

[0052] S4.2: Building a power facility model: Import power equipment models, including power stations, substations, and transmission towers, and place power facility models on a three-dimensional map to simulate the location of power facilities;

[0053] S4.3: Carbon emission special effects construction: Create carbon emission special effects near power facilities to visualize carbon emission intensity;

[0054] S4.4: Carbon emission data query and rendering: Use the graph database match to query the corresponding node carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission special effects of the power facilities based on the queried power carbon intensity data, and visualize the power carbon intensity information at different time scales on the virtual map. This can be done by adjusting the color, size or transparency of the special effects to indicate changes in carbon emission levels;

[0055] S4.5: Time scale switching: Provide a time scale switching tool to allow users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, months, etc., to view grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales;

[0056] S4.6: Spatial range switching: Provides a spatial scale range tool that allows users to switch to different spatial ranges, such as provinces, cities, districts and counties, and view power grid carbon emission statistics in different spatial ranges.

[0057] In this specification, the model data of power stations and substations include plant identification, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level;

[0058] The generator set model data includes the unit identification, unit name, generator type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated power;

[0059] The bus model data includes bus identification, bus name, plant identification, bus node, and voltage level;

[0060] The main transformer model data includes the main transformer identification, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated capacity;

[0061] The transmission line segment model data includes segment identification, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying value;

[0062] The transmission line segment point model data includes segment point identification, segment point name, transmission line segment identification, and physical connection node;

[0063] Generator set measurements include active power, reactive power, current, and power generation;

[0064] The main variable measurement data include active power, reactive power, and voltage;

[0065] The measurement data at the transmission line section points include active power, reactive power, current and voltage.

[0066] In this specification, in S12, the plant, the generator set, and the main transformer are firstly used as nodes to create points in the graph model respectively;

[0067] The generator set is associated with the busbar node in the busbar attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute, and the busbar is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, so as to obtain the relationship between the generator set and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the generator set to the plant station;

[0068] The main transformer is associated with the busbar node in the busbar attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute, and the busbar is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, so as to obtain the relationship between the main transformer and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the main transformer to the plant station.

[0069] Each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the segment identifier in the attribute. Then the transmission line segment point is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the plant station, and further obtaining the connection relationship between the plants and stations at both ends of the transmission line segment. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and its direction is determined by the positive or negative active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

[0070] The embodiments of this specification can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0071] Rapid calculation of carbon intensity of complex power grids: This method builds a "grid map" based on the power grid topology network, uses the graph database path search method to traverse the graph network, and quickly calculates the carbon intensity data of each node. Through the powerful graph search function of the graph database, the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of each node can be calculated more quickly and accurately.

[0072] Carbon footprint map of power grid with multi-temporal and spatial fusion: This method uses Cesium technology, imports high-precision GIS maps and power facility models, builds a three-dimensional carbon footprint base, creates carbon emission effects, and dynamically updates changes in carbon emission levels. At the same time, it provides switching between time and space dimensions to evaluate changes in power grid carbon emissions from a comprehensive perspective, which helps users fully understand the development and changing trends of power grid carbon emissions.

[0073] Enhance the identification ability of dispatchers: By providing various forms of data indicator display, such as pop-up windows, radar charts, etc., it helps to improve the dispatchers' ability to identify carbon emissions. They can more quickly understand the high-carbon emission areas in complex power grids, thereby providing decision-making support for the dual-carbon construction of power grids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0075] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database involved in the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a one-picture-one-picture model of a power grid involved in the present invention.

[0077] Figure 3 A schematic diagram is constructed for the relationship between the generator set and the plant involved in the present invention.

[0078] Figure 4 A schematic diagram is constructed to illustrate the relationship between the main transformer and the plant station involved in the present invention.

[0079] Figure 5 A schematic diagram is constructed for the plant-to-plant relationship involved in the present invention.

[0080] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation node and the substation node involved in the present invention.

[0081] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the electric carbon flow model involved in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0083] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] In order to better understand the embodiments of the present invention, the following description is given of the related knowledge involved:

[0086] The graph database is a data management system that uses nodes and edges as basic storage units and is designed with the principle of efficient storage and query of graph data.

[0087] The concept of graph is crucial to understanding graph databases. A graph is a set of nodes and edges, where nodes represent entities and edges represent relationships between entities. In a graph database, the relationships between data are as important as the data itself, and they are stored as part of the data. This architecture enables graph databases to respond quickly to complex association queries because the relationships between entities have been stored in the database in advance. Graph databases can visualize relationships intuitively and are the best way to store, query, and analyze highly interconnected data.

[0088] Graph databases belong to the category of non-relational databases (NoSQL). Graph databases are very different from relational databases in terms of data storage, query, and data structure. The graph data structure directly stores the dependencies between nodes, while relational databases and other types of non-relational databases represent the relationships between data in an indirect way. Graph databases store the relationships between data as part of the data, and can add labels, directions, and attributes to the relationships. Other databases must perform specific operations on relationships at runtime, which is why graph databases have huge performance advantages over other types of databases in relational queries.

[0089] Graph databases organize and connect data in the form of nodes (vertices) and edges (edges). Nodes usually represent entities (such as people, places, objects, etc.), while edges represent the relationships between these entities (such as relationships, connections, interactions, etc.). Each node and edge can have properties, which are additional information about the node or edge. Compared with traditional relational databases, graph databases are more suitable for handling complex relationships and connections, and are more suitable for handling complex power grid network architectures.

[0090] refer to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database, comprising:

[0091] S1: Obtain the grid equipment model data and grid operation data in the grid D5000, analyze the grid nodes and the connection relationship between nodes, obtain the grid topology connection relationship, and create a grid graph model; then convert the analyzed grid topology data and operation data into csv files, and import them into the graph database to generate a "grid graph". Figure 2 As shown, specifically including:

[0092] S1.1: Obtain grid equipment model data, including plant (power station, substation), generator set, main transformer, transmission line, busbar and other grid model static data. Obtain electrical measurement data during grid operation, including generator set measurement, main transformer measurement, and transmission line section point measurement.

[0093] 1) Plant model data includes but is not limited to: plant identification, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level;

[0094] 2) Generator set model data includes but is not limited to: unit identification, unit name, generator type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated power;

[0095] 3) Bus model data includes but is not limited to: bus identification, bus name, plant identification, bus node, and voltage level;

[0096] 3) Main transformer model data includes but is not limited to: main transformer identification, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated capacity;

[0097] 4) Transmission line segment model data includes but is not limited to: segment identification, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying value;

[0098] 5) Transmission line segment point model data includes but is not limited to: segment point identification, segment point name, transmission line segment identification, and physical connection nodes;

[0099] 6) Generator set measurements include but are not limited to: active power, reactive power, current, and power generation;

[0100] 7) Main variable measurement data include but are not limited to: active power, reactive power, voltage;

[0101] 8) The measurement data of transmission line sections include but are not limited to: active power, reactive power, current, and voltage.

[0102] S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationship between equipment nodes, and create a power grid diagram structure. The details are as follows:

[0103] 1) First, take the plant, generator set, and main transformer as nodes and create points in the graph model respectively;

[0104] 2) If Figure 3 As shown, the generator set is associated with the bus attribute "bus node" through the attribute "physical connection node", and the bus is associated with the plant attribute "plant station identifier" through the attribute "belonging plant station identifier", so as to obtain the relationship between the generator set and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the generator set to the plant station.

[0105] 3) If Figure 4 As shown, the main transformer is associated with the bus attribute "bus node" through the attribute "physical connection node", and the bus is associated with the plant attribute "plant station identifier" through the attribute "plant station identifier", so as to obtain the relationship between the main transformer and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the main transformer to the plant station.

[0106] 4) If Figure 5 As shown in the figure, each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the attribute "segment identifier", and then the transmission line segment point is associated with the bus attribute "bus node" through the attribute "physical connection node". The bus is associated with the plant attribute "plant identifier" through the attribute "plant identifier", thereby obtaining the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the plant, and further obtaining the connection relationship between the plants at both ends of the transmission line segment. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and its direction is determined by the positive or negative active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

[0107] In summary, the graph structure of the present invention creates three types of points, including: substation, unit, and transformer; and two types of edges, including the affiliation between the substation and the transformer, and the generator (Belong, the direction is from the generator / main transformer to the substation), and the connection relationship between the substations (Link, the direction is determined by the positive or negative active power of the transmission line segment).

[0108] Substation attributes are shown in the following table, but are not limited to the following attributes:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The properties of the generator unit (Unit) are shown in the following table, but are not limited to the following properties:

[0112] Fields type meaning mRID String Unit identification name String name Substation String Factory station identification P Double Meritorious Q Double Reactive PE Double Power generation CEF Double Carbon emission factor BaseVoltage String Reference voltage identification

[0113] The main transformer (Transformer) properties are shown in the following table, but are not limited to the following properties:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] The properties of the link relationship between plants and stations are shown in the following table, but are not limited to the following properties:

[0117] Fields type meaning mRID String Transmission line segment identification name String Transmission line segment name P Double Meritorious Q Double Reactive rate Double Load factor I Double Current StartSt String Starting point plant station logo EndSt String Terminal station identification CE Double Carbon emissions

[0118] S1.3: Convert the format of the power grid topology data and operation measurement data, and use shell scripts or development languages ​​to write programs to convert the data into csv files.

[0119] S1.4: Convert the format-converted csv files into insert statements and import them into the graph database in batches to generate a "one-graph-for-grid" graph model.

[0120] S1.5: Regularly obtain D5000 power grid model data and power grid operation measurement data, and convert the data into csv files through S1.1-S1.3. The point data is directly converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database for batch update. The edge data needs to delete the original edges in the database first, and then converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database. The generated "one map of the power grid" graph model is used for subsequent power grid carbon calculation.

[0121] S2: Based on the grid topology data and grid operation measurement data, the grid power flow model is obtained, and then the grid electric carbon flow model is obtained to construct the grid electric carbon calculation model.

[0122] S2.1: If Figure 6 As shown, the power station includes multiple generator sets. The power station is regarded as a power generation node, and the measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power and power generation of the entire power generation node.

[0123] S2.2: If Figure 6 As shown, the substation includes multiple main transformers. The substation is regarded as a substation node, and the measured data of the main transformers are accumulated to obtain the active power and reactive power of the entire substation node.

[0124] S2.3: If Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the carbon emissions of the entire power grid all come from the power generation nodes, which are gradually transmitted to the entire power grid through the power flow of the power grid. The carbon emissions of the power generation nodes are expressed as the sum of the carbon emissions of all the generators in the power station. The carbon emissions of the transmission lines are all provided by the starting power station / substation, and the carbon emissions of the substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines. The calculation formula for the electric carbon of the power grid node is as follows:

[0125] Power station: Carbon emissions = ∑ (unit power generation * carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor. g Represents carbon emissions from power plants, PE i represents the power generation of the i-th generator set, CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power station,

[0126]

[0127] Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑ (carbon emissions of transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load. p Indicates the carbon emissions of substations, CE Li represents the carbon emission of the i-th transmission line; CI p represents the carbon intensity of the substation, P represents the total active power of the substation, T represents the time,

[0128]

[0129] CI p=CE p / (P*T)

[0130] Transmission line: Carbon emissions = carbon intensity of the starting substation / starting power station*total load. L represents the carbon emissions of transmission lines, CI 起点 represents the carbon intensity of the starting plant, P represents the active power of the transmission line, T represents the time,

[0131] CE L =CI 起点 *P*T

[0132] S3: Based on the electricity-carbon calculation model obtained in S2, the graph database is used to implement the electricity-carbon calculation algorithm, and the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid is dynamically calculated.

[0133] In the graph database, the LOOKUP ON mode queries points or edges based on indexes, and the GO mode traverses the graph based on given points. The present invention combines LOOKUP ON and GO. First, the points that meet the requirements are found through the LOOKUP ON mode, and then the GO mode is used to traverse the points along the direction of the edges. During the traversal process, the carbon emission data of each node is calculated step by step, and finally the attributes of the points and edges are updated using the UPDATE statement.

[0134] S3.1: According to the affiliation between the generator set and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power and total power generation of the power station are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0135] Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON;

[0136] Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate, and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station;

[0137] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes.

[0138] The statement is as follows:

[0139] #1)LOOKUP ON to find all the generator units

[0140] LOOKUP ON Unit YIELD id AS unit_id,P AS unit_p,Q AS unit_q,PE ASunit_pe

[0141] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station

[0142] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong YIELD$^.Substation.id AS ps_id,$-.unit_p ASunit_p,$-.unit_q AS unit_q,$-.unit_pe AS unit_pe where$^.Substation.type! ='substation'

[0143] |GROUP BY$-.ps_id YIELD$-.ps_id AS ps_id,SUM($-.unit_p)AS total_p,SUM($-.unit_q)AS total_q,SUM($-.unit_pe)AS total_pe

[0144] #3) The calculation results are updated to the power station

[0145] |UPDATE Substation SET P=$-.total_p,Q=$-.total_q,PE=$-.total_peWHERE id==$-.ps_id;

[0146] S3.2: According to the subordinate relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0147] Find all main transformers through LOOKUP ON;

[0148] Through GO, the Transformer points found are traversed along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the main transformers connected to the substation. GROUP BY is used for aggregation to calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation.

[0149] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes.

[0150] The statement is as follows:

[0151] #1)LOOKUP ON to find all the generator units

[0152] LOOKUP ON Transformer YIELD id AS transformer_id,P AS transformer_p,QAS transformer_q

[0153] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation

[0154] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong YIELD$^.Substation.id AS substation_id,$-.transformer_p AS transformer_p,$-.transformer_q AS transformer_q where$^.Substation.type='substation'

[0155] |GROUP BY$-.substation_id YIELD$-.substation_id AS substation_id,SUM($-.transformer_p)AS total_p,SUM($-.transformer_q)AS total_q

[0156] #3) Calculation results are updated to the substation

[0157] |UPDATE Substation SET P=$-.total_p,Q=$-.total_q WHERE id ==$-.substation_id;

[0158] S3.3: Based on the S2.3 electric carbon calculation model, use the graph database to traverse the entire power grid graph structure starting from the power station and calculate the carbon emission data of each node. Specifically:

[0159] First, the carbon emissions and carbon intensity data of all power stations are calculated, then the carbon emissions data of the transmission line segments connected to the power stations are calculated, and then the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments are calculated. The carbon emission data of the entire power grid nodes are calculated step by step in this way.

[0160] The carbon emissions of a power station all come from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generators. First, calculate the carbon emissions of the power station. The calculation process is as follows:

[0161] Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON;

[0162] Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate them, and calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the power station;

[0163] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes.

[0164] The statement is as follows:

[0165] #1)LOOKUP ON to find all the generator units

[0166] LOOKUP ON Unit YIELD id AS unit_id,CI AS unit_ci,PE AS unit_pe

[0167] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of power plants

[0168] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong REVERSELY YIELD$^.Substation.id AS ps_id,$-.unit_ci AS unit_ci,$-.unit_pe AS unit_pe where$^.Substation.type! ='substation'

[0169] |GROUP BY$-.ps_id YIELD$-.ps_id AS ps_id,SUM($-.unit_ci*$-.unit_pe)AStotal_ce

[0170] #3) The calculation results are updated to the power station

[0171] |UPDATE Substation SETCI=$-.unit_ci,CE=$-.total_ce WHERE id==$-.ps_id;

[0172] The carbon emissions of the transmission line segment come from the plant station at the starting point of the segment, and the carbon emissions of the substation come from the sum of the carbon emissions of all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and influence each other. The calculation process is as follows:

[0173] 1) First, find all power station nodes through LOOKUP ON.

[0174] 2) Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant station connected by the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link;

[0175] 3) Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find all the input Links of the point Substation, and superimpose the carbon intensity of the Link to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation.

[0176] The statement is as follows:

[0177] #1) Get all the power station points

[0178] LOOKUP ON Substation where type! ='Substation'YIELD id AS substation_id,CE AS substation_ce,CI AS substation_ci

[0179] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate Link carbon emissions

[0180] |GO FROM$-OVER Link YIELD Link.id AS link_id,Link.P AS link_p

[0181] |UPDATE Link SET CE=$-.substation_ci*$-.link_p / 12WHERE id==$-.link_id

[0182] #3) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the carbon emissions of substations

[0183] |GO FROM$-OVER Link YIELD$^.Substation.id AS start_substation_id,Link.CE AS link_ce

[0184] |GROUP BY$-.start_substation_id YIELD$-.start_substation_id AS start_substation_id,SUM($-.link_carbon)AS total_carbon

[0185] |UPDATE Substation SET CE=$-.total_carbon,CI=12*$-.total_carbon / pWHERE id==$-.start_substation_id;

[0186] S4: Construct a multi-temporal and spatial fusion carbon footprint map to view the carbon footprint of electricity at different times and spaces in a three-dimensional map. Specifically include:

[0187] S4.1: 3D GIS scene construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scale adjustment and format conversion to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene.

[0188] S4.2: Construction of power facility model: Import the power equipment model, including power stations, substations, and transmission towers, and place the power facility model on the three-dimensional map to simulate the location of the power facilities.

[0189] S4.3: Carbon emission special effects construction: Create carbon emission special effects near power facilities to visualize carbon emission intensity.

[0190] S4.4: Carbon emission data query and rendering: Use the graph database match to query the corresponding node carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission special effects of the power facilities based on the queried power carbon intensity data, and visualize the power carbon intensity information at different time scales on the virtual map. This can be done by adjusting the color, size or transparency of the special effects to indicate changes in carbon emission levels.

[0191] S4.5: Time scale switching: Provide a time scale switching tool to allow users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, months, etc., to view grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales.

[0192] S4.6: Spatial range switching: Provides a spatial scale range tool that allows users to switch to different spatial ranges, such as provinces, cities, districts and counties, and view power grid carbon emission statistics in different spatial ranges.

[0193] The above-mentioned embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention, so changes in the exemplified values ​​or replacement of equivalent elements should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0194] From the above detailed description, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can indeed achieve the aforementioned objectives and is in compliance with the provisions of the Patent Law.

[0195] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0196] It should be noted that the above description of the relevant process is only for example and explanation, and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes can be made to the process under the guidance of this specification. However, these modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.

[0197] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art who have read this application, the above invention disclosure is only for example and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated here, those of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to this application. Such modifications, improvements and amendments are suggested in this application, so such modifications, improvements and amendments still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0198] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0199] In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present application may be illustrated and described by a number of patentable categories or situations, including any new and useful combination of processes, machines, products or substances, or any new and useful improvements thereto. Therefore, various aspects of the present application may be implemented entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may all be referred to as "units", "modules" or "systems". In addition, various aspects of the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media, wherein computer-readable program code is contained therein.

[0200] The computer program code required for the operation of each part of the application can be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python, etc., such as C programming language, VisualBasic, Fortran2103, Perl, COBOL2102, PHP, ABAP, such as Python, Ruby and Groovy dynamic programming language or other programming languages. The program code can be run completely on the user's computer, or run on the user's computer as an independent software package, or run partly on the user's computer and partly on the remote computer, or run completely on the remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any network form, such as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or used as a service such as software as a service (SaaS).

[0201] In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences described in this application, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this application. Although the above disclosure discusses some invention embodiments that are currently considered useful through various examples, it should be understood that such details are only for illustrative purposes, and the attached claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the essence and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, although the implementation of the various components described above can be embodied in a hardware device, it can also be implemented as a pure software solution, for example, installation on an existing server or mobile device.

[0202] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description disclosed in this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of the application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this method of the application should not be interpreted as reflecting the intention that the claimed object requires more features than those explicitly stated in each claim. On the contrary, the subject of the invention should have fewer features than the above single embodiment.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database, characterized in that: include: S1: Obtain the grid equipment model data and grid operation data in the grid, analyze the grid nodes and the connection relationship between the nodes, obtain the grid topology connection relationship, and create a grid graph model; Based on the grid graph model analysis, obtain the grid topology data and grid operation measurement data, convert them into csv files and import them into the graph database to generate a grid graph model; S2: Based on the grid topology data and grid operation measurement data, the grid power flow model is obtained, and then the grid carbon flow model is obtained, and the grid carbon calculation model is constructed; S3: Based on the power grid carbon calculation model and the power grid one-graph model, the graph database is used to implement the carbon calculation algorithm and dynamically calculate the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid; S4: Based on the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid, a multi-time and space integrated carbon footprint map is constructed to enable the viewing of electricity carbon footprints at different times and spaces in a three-dimensional map.

2. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 1 is characterized in that: S1 includes: S1.1: Obtain grid equipment model data, including static grid model data of power stations, substations, generator sets, main transformers, transmission lines, and busbars; Obtaining grid operation measurement data during grid operation, including electrical measurement data, generator set measurement data, main variable measurement data, and transmission line section point measurement data; S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationship between the equipment nodes, obtain the power grid topology data, and create a power grid diagram model; S1.3: Convert the format of the power grid topology data and the power grid operation measurement data, and use shell scripts or development languages ​​to write programs to convert the data into csv files. S1.4: Convert the csv file into insert statements and import them into the graph database in batches to generate a graph model of the power grid; S1.5: Regularly obtain the power grid equipment model data and power grid operation measurement data, and convert the data into a csv file through S1.1-S1.

3. The point data is directly converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database in batches for updating. The edge data needs to delete the original edges in the database first, and then converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database.

3. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 2, characterized in that S2 include: S2.1: The power station contains multiple generator sets. The power station is regarded as a power generation node. The measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power and power generation of the entire power generation node. S2.2: The substation contains multiple main transformers. The substation is regarded as a substation node. The measured data of the main transformers are accumulated to obtain the active power and reactive power of the entire substation node. S2.3: The carbon emissions of the entire power grid all come from the power generation nodes, which are gradually transmitted to the entire power grid through the power flow of the power grid; the carbon emissions of the power generation nodes are expressed as the sum of the carbon emissions of all the generators in the power station, the carbon emissions of the transmission lines are all provided by the starting power station / substation, and the carbon emissions of the substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines; the calculation formula for the electric carbon of the power grid node is as follows; Power station: Carbon emissions = ∑ (unit power generation * carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor; CE g Represents carbon emissions from power plants, PE i represents the power generation of the ith generator set, CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power station; Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑ (carbon emissions of transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load; CE p Indicates the carbon emissions of substations, CE Li represents the carbon emission of the i-th transmission line; CI p represents the carbon intensity of the substation, P represents the total active power of the substation, and T represents time; BUT p =EC p / (P*T); Transmission lines: Carbon emissions = carbon intensity of the starting substation / starting power station*total load; CE L represents the carbon emissions of transmission lines, CI 起点 represents the carbon intensity of the starting plant, P represents the active power of the transmission line, and T represents time; WHAT L =CI 起点 *P*T.

4. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 3 is characterized in that S3 include: S3.1: According to the affiliation between the generator set and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power and total power generation of the power station are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows: Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON; Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate, and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station; Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; S3.2: According to the subordinate relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using the graph database. The calculation process is as follows: Find all main transformers through LOOKUP ON; Through GO, the Transformer points found are traversed along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the main transformers connected to the substation. GROUP BY is used for aggregation to calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation. Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; S3.3: Based on the S2.3 electric carbon calculation model, the graph database is used to traverse the entire power grid graph structure starting from the power station to calculate the carbon emission data of each node; First, the carbon emission and carbon intensity data of all power stations are calculated, then the carbon emission data of the transmission line segments connected to the power stations are calculated, and then the carbon emission and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments are calculated, and the carbon emission data of the entire power grid nodes are calculated step by step in this way; The carbon emissions of a power station all come from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generators. First, calculate the carbon emissions of the power station. The calculation process is as follows: Find all the generating units through LOOKUP ON; Use GO to traverse the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge to find all the generators connected to the power station, use GROUP BY to aggregate them, and calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the power station; Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; The carbon emissions of the transmission line segment come from the plant station at the starting point of the segment, and the carbon emissions of the substation come from the sum of the carbon emissions of all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and influence each other. The calculation process is as follows: First, find all power station nodes through LOOKUP ON. Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant station connected to the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link; Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find all the input Links of the point Substation, and superimpose the carbon intensity of the Link to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation.

5. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 4, characterized in that S4 include: S4.1: 3D GIS scene construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scale adjustment and format conversion to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene; S4.2: Building a power facility model: Import power equipment models, including power stations, substations, and transmission towers, and place power facility models on a three-dimensional map to simulate the location of power facilities; S4.3: Carbon emission special effects construction: Create carbon emission special effects near power facilities to visualize carbon emission intensity; S4.4: Carbon emission data query and rendering: Use the graph database match to query the corresponding node carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission special effects of the power facilities based on the queried power carbon intensity data, and visualize the power carbon intensity information at different time scales on the virtual map. This can be done by adjusting the color, size or transparency of the special effects to indicate changes in carbon emission levels; S4.5: Time scale switching: Provide a time scale switching tool to allow users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, months, etc., to view the power grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales; S4.6: Spatial range switching: Provide a spatial scale range tool to allow users to switch to different spatial ranges, such as provinces, cities, districts and counties, etc., to view the power grid carbon emission statistics at different spatial ranges.

6. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The model data of power stations and substations include plant identification, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level; The generator set model data includes the unit identification, unit name, generator type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated power; The bus model data includes bus identification, bus name, plant identification, bus node, and voltage level; The main transformer model data includes the main transformer identification, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection node, voltage level, and rated capacity; The transmission line segment model data includes segment identification, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying value; The transmission line segment point model data includes segment point identification, segment point name, transmission line segment identification, and physical connection node; Generator set measurements include active power, reactive power, current, and power generation; The main variable measurement data include active power, reactive power, and voltage; The measurement data at the transmission line section points include active power, reactive power, current and voltage.

7. The method for constructing a multi-temporal and spatial dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In S12, the plant, generator set, and main transformer are firstly used as nodes to create points in the graph model respectively; The generator set is associated with the busbar node in the busbar attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute, and the busbar is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, so as to obtain the relationship between the generator set and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the generator set to the plant station; The main transformer is associated with the busbar node in the busbar attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute, and the busbar is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, so as to obtain the relationship between the main transformer and the plant station. This relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is from the main transformer to the plant station. Each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the segment identifier in the attribute. Then the transmission line segment point is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the plant station identifier in the plant station attribute through the plant station identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the plant station, and further obtaining the connection relationship between the plants and stations at both ends of the transmission line segment. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and its direction is determined by the positive or negative active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

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