Power grid multi-time and space dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map construction method based on a graph database

Abstract

The application provides a power grid multi-time-space dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map construction method based on a graph database, comprising the following steps: S1: obtaining power grid equipment model data and power grid operation data, and creating a power grid graph model; based on the power grid graph model, generating a power grid one-map graph model; S2: based on power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, constructing a power grid electric carbon calculation model; S3: based on the power grid electric carbon calculation model and the power grid one-map graph model, using a graph database to dynamically calculate real-time carbon emission data of each node of the power grid; S4: based on the real-time carbon emission data of each node of the power grid, constructing a multi-time-space fusion carbon footprint map, and realizing viewing of power carbon footprints at different times and different spaces in a three-dimensional map. The application uses a graph database, imports power grid operation topology and operation data in real time, constructs a three-dimensional GIS map based on cesium, combines the query and analysis capabilities of the graph database, and realizes power grid multi-time-space carbon footprint panoramic map display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of map construction technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database. Background Technology

[0002] The energy sector accounts for 88% of total carbon dioxide emissions, and the power sector accounts for over 40% of total energy sector emissions. Under the dual carbon targets, the energy sector is the main battleground, and the power sector is the main front. The power grid, as the core part of the power sector, plays an important role in the dual carbon targets. By leveraging the core position of the dispatch center in the power system and utilizing its operational measurement data covering all aspects of generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, and consumption, combined with electricity-carbon correlation analysis, we can realize the analysis and calculation of time-sharing and location-based electricity carbon intensity.

[0003] Accurate carbon accounting serves as a bridge and link between electricity consumption and carbon emissions. It is an important tool for power grid companies to serve the national "dual carbon" strategy and fulfill their social responsibilities. It can help enterprises account for their own carbon emissions to meet carbon quota obligations, participate in carbon market trading, compile corporate greenhouse gas inventories, and formulate scientific and reasonable carbon reduction plans. It can also help governments understand the carbon consumption of electricity in a region, scientifically monitor the total carbon emissions of the region, allocate carbon quotas, scientifically formulate regional new energy power generation plans and "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" implementation plans, attract investment with "green electricity," promote the scientific development of the local economy, and contribute to the achievement of "dual carbon" goals.

[0004] Traditional carbon emission calculation methods are often based on static data, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emissions of the power grid in actual operation.

[0005] Existing platforms are often based on static data, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emissions of the power grid in actual operation. They lack support from real-time power grid operation data and make it difficult to analyze the impact of changes in power grid operation topology on carbon emissions calculation.

[0006] Existing technologies are slow and inaccurate when calculating carbon emission data for a large number of nodes and lines in the face of complex power grids, and cannot meet the requirements of power grids for accurate calculation and dynamic monitoring of carbon emissions.

[0007] Existing platforms only support displaying carbon neutrality flow in the form of ECharts charts and two-dimensional maps on the web, which cannot demonstrate strong scene representation capabilities and makes it difficult to accurately grasp the overall picture of the carbon footprint in the power grid through real-time dynamic rendering. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database. It mainly uses a graph database to import the power grid's operating topology and operating data in real time, dynamically calculates the power grid's carbon emission data, and improves the speed and accuracy of power grid carbon calculation. Secondly, it constructs a three-dimensional GIS map based on Cesium, and combines the query and analysis capabilities of the graph database to realize a panoramic map display of the power grid's multi-temporal and spatial carbon footprint.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on graph databases includes:

[0011] S1: Obtain power grid equipment model data and power grid operation data, analyze power grid nodes and the connection relationships between nodes, obtain power grid topology connection relationships, and create a power grid graph model; based on the power grid graph model, analyze the power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, convert them into CSV files, import them into the graph database, and generate a single graph model of the power grid.

[0012] S2: Based on power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, a power grid energy flow model is obtained, and then a power grid carbon flow model is obtained to construct a power grid carbon calculation model;

[0013] S3: Based on the power grid carbon emission calculation model and the power grid one-map model, the power grid carbon emission calculation algorithm is implemented using a graph database to dynamically calculate the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid.

[0014] S4: Based on real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid, construct a multi-temporal and spatial fusion carbon footprint map to enable viewing the carbon footprint of electricity at different times and in different spaces in a three-dimensional map.

[0015] In this specification, S1 includes:

[0016] S1.1: Acquire power grid equipment model data, including static data of power grid models of power plants, substations, generator sets, main transformers, transmission lines, and busbars; acquire power grid operation measurement data during power grid operation, including electrical measurement data, generator set measurement data, main transformer measurement data, and transmission line segment measurement data;

[0017] S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationships between equipment nodes, obtain power grid topology data, and create a power grid diagram model;

[0018] S1.3: Convert the power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data into CSV files using shell scripts or programs written in a programming language.

[0019] S1.4: Convert CSV files into insert statements and import them into the graph database in batches to generate a single graph model of the power grid;

[0020] S1.5: Periodically acquire power grid equipment model data and power grid operation measurement data, and convert the data into CSV files through S1.1-S1.3. Point data is directly converted into insert statements and batch inserted into the graph database for updating. Edge data needs to have the original edges in the database deleted first, and then converted into insert statements and inserted into the graph database.

[0021] In this specification, S2 includes:

[0022] S2.1: A power station contains multiple generator sets. The power station is considered as a power generation node. The measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power, and power generation of the entire power generation node.

[0023] S2.2: A substation contains multiple main transformers. The substation is treated as a substation node, and the measured data of the main transformers are accumulated to obtain the active power and reactive power of the entire substation node.

[0024] S2.3: The carbon emissions of the entire power grid originate from the generation nodes and are gradually transmitted to the entire power grid through the power flow. The carbon emissions of the generation nodes are represented as the sum of the carbon emissions of all generating units within the power station. The carbon emissions of the transmission lines are all provided by the starting power station / substation, and the carbon emissions of the substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines. Therefore, the formula for calculating the carbon emissions of the power grid nodes is as follows.

[0025] Power plant: Carbon emissions = ∑(unit power generation * carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor; CE g Indicates carbon emissions from power plants, PE i Represents the power generation of the i-th generator set, and CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power plant;

[0026]

[0027] Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑(carbon emissions from transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load; CE p Indicates carbon emissions from substations, CE Li CI represents the carbon emissions of the i-th transmission line; p The substation carbon intensity is represented by P, the substation total active power is represented by T, and time is represented by T.

[0028]

[0029] Transmission lines: Carbon emissions = (Originating substation / Originating power plant carbon intensity) * Total load; CE L Indicates carbon emissions from power transmission lines, CI 起点The carbon intensity of the starting power plant is represented by P, the active power of the transmission line is represented by T, and time is represented by T.

[0030] CE L =CI 起点 *P*T.

[0031] In this specification, S3 includes:

[0032] S3.1: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the generator sets and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station are statistically calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0033] Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON;

[0034] By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found. GROUP BY is used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station.

[0035] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0036] S3.2: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0037] Find all primary transformers using LOOKUP ON;

[0038] By traversing the found Transformer points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all main transformers connected to the substation are found. GROUP BY is then used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation.

[0039] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0040] S3.3: Based on the S2.3 carbon emission calculation model, the graph database is used to traverse the entire power grid graph structure starting from the power plant and calculate the carbon emission data of each node.

[0041] First, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity data of all power plants. Then, calculate the carbon emissions data of the transmission line segments connected to the power plants. Next, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments. Then, iterate through the entire power grid nodes to calculate the carbon emissions data step by step.

[0042] The carbon emissions of a power plant come entirely from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generating units. First, the carbon emissions of the power plant are calculated, as follows:

[0043] Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON;

[0044] By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found, and aggregated using GROUP BY to calculate the power station's carbon emissions and carbon intensity.

[0045] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes;

[0046] Carbon emissions from transmission line segments originate from the power plants at the starting point of the segment, while carbon emissions from substations are the sum of carbon emissions from all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and mutually influential, and the calculation process is as follows:

[0047] First, use LOOKUP ON to find all power plant nodes.

[0048] Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant connected by the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link.

[0049] Using Go, these nodes are traversed along the direction of the transmission line segment Link to find all the input Links of the Substation. The carbon intensity of the Links is then summed to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation.

[0050] In this specification, S4 includes:

[0051] S4.1: 3D GIS Scene Construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scale adjustments and format conversions to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene;

[0052] S4.2: Power Facility Model Building: Import power equipment models, including power plants, substations, and transmission towers, and place the power facility models on the 3D map to simulate the location of the power facilities;

[0053] S4.3: Carbon Emission Effects Construction: Create carbon emission effects near power facilities to visualize carbon emission intensity;

[0054] S4.4: Carbon Emission Data Query and Rendering: Utilize the graph database `match` to query carbon intensity data for corresponding nodes. Based on the retrieved electricity carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission effects of power facilities and visualize electricity carbon intensity information at different time scales on a virtual map. This can represent changes in carbon emission levels by adjusting the color, size, or transparency of the effects.

[0055] S4.5: Time Scale Switching: Provides a time scale switching tool, allowing users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, months, etc., to view grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales;

[0056] S4.6: Spatial Scale Switching: Provides a spatial scale tool that allows users to switch to different spatial scales, such as provinces, cities, districts and counties, to view grid carbon emission statistics under different spatial scales.

[0057] In this manual, the model data for power plants and substations includes plant identification, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level;

[0058] The generator set model data includes the unit identifier, unit name, generator type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated power;

[0059] Busbar model data includes busbar identifier, busbar name, substation identifier, busbar node, and voltage level;

[0060] The main transformer model data includes the main transformer identifier, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated capacity;

[0061] The transmission line segment model data includes segment identifier, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying capacity;

[0062] The transmission line segment point model data includes segment point identifier, segment point name, transmission line segment identifier, and physical connection nodes;

[0063] The generator set measurements include active power, reactive power, current, and power generation;

[0064] The main variable measurement data includes active power, reactive power, and voltage;

[0065] The measurement data of transmission line segments include active power, reactive power, current, and voltage.

[0066] In this manual, in S12, the power plant, generator set, and main transformer are first used as nodes to create points in the graphical model respectively;

[0067] The generator set is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the plant identifier in the plant attribute through the plant identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the generator set and the plant. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the generator set to the plant.

[0068] The main transformer is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the plant identifier in the plant attribute through the plant identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the main transformer and the plant. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the main transformer to the plant.

[0069] Each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the segment identifier in the attribute. Then, the transmission line segment point is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the substation identifier in the substation attribute through the substation identifier in the attribute. Thus, the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the substation is obtained, and the connection relationship between the substations at both ends of the transmission line segment is further obtained. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is determined by the positive or negative sign of the active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

[0070] The embodiments described in this specification can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0071] Rapid Calculation of Carbon Intensity in Complex Power Grids: This method constructs a "single graph of the power grid" based on the power grid topology network. It then utilizes a graph database path search method to traverse the graph network and rapidly calculate the carbon intensity data for each node. Leveraging the powerful graph search capabilities of the graph database, carbon emissions and carbon intensity at each node can be calculated more quickly and accurately.

[0072] A multi-temporal and spatial fusion carbon footprint map of the power grid: This method uses Cesium technology to import high-precision GIS maps and power facility models to build a three-dimensional carbon footprint base, create carbon emission effects, and dynamically update changes in carbon emission levels. It also provides switching between time and spatial dimensions to comprehensively assess changes in power grid carbon emissions, helping users to fully understand the development and trends of power grid carbon emissions.

[0073] Enhancing dispatchers' identification capabilities: Providing various forms of data indicator display, such as pop-ups and radar charts, helps improve dispatchers' ability to identify carbon emissions. They can more quickly understand high-carbon emission areas in complex power grids, thus providing decision support for the dual-carbon construction of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0074] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0075] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database, which is involved in this invention.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of a single-map model of the power grid involved in this invention.

[0077] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the generator set and the power plant involved in this invention.

[0078] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the main transformer and the power plant involved in this invention.

[0079] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between power plants and stations involved in this invention.

[0080] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation node and the substation node involved in this invention.

[0081] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrocarbon flow model involved in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0082] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0083] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of the present invention; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0085] To better understand the embodiments of the present invention, the relevant knowledge involved is described as follows:

[0086] Graph databases are data management systems based on points and edges as the basic storage units, designed for efficient storage and retrieval of graph data.

[0087] The concept of graphs is crucial for understanding graph databases. A graph is a collection of vertices and edges, where "vertices" represent entities and "edges" represent relationships between entities. In graph databases, relationships between data are just as important as the data itself; they are stored as part of the data. This architecture enables graph databases to quickly respond to complex relational queries because the relationships between entities are pre-stored in the database. Graph databases provide an intuitive visualization of relationships and are the optimal way to store, query, and analyze highly interconnected data.

[0088] Graph databases belong to the category of NoSQL databases. Graph databases differ significantly from relational databases in their data storage, querying, and data structure. Graph data structures directly store the dependencies between nodes, while relational databases and other types of NoSQL databases represent these relationships in a less direct way. Graph databases store the relationships between data as part of the data structure, and labels, directions, and attributes can be added to these relationships. In contrast, queries on relationships in other databases must be performed at runtime, which is why graph databases have a significant performance advantage in relational queries compared to other types of databases.

[0089] Graph databases organize and connect data using vertices and edges. Nodes typically represent entities (such as people, places, and items), while edges represent relationships between these entities (such as connections, interactions, etc.). Each node and edge can have properties, which are additional information about the node or edge. Compared to traditional relational databases, graph databases are better suited for handling complex relationships and connections, and are more suitable for handling complex power grid network architectures.

[0090] refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a method for constructing a multi-temporal dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database, including:

[0091] S1: Obtain power grid equipment model data and power grid operation data from the D5000 power grid database, analyze power grid nodes and their inter-node connections to obtain the power grid topology connections, and create a power grid graph model; then convert the obtained power grid topology data and operation data into a CSV file and import it into a graph database to generate a "power grid single graph". For example... Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0092] S1.1: Acquire power grid equipment model data, including static data of power grid models such as power plants (power stations, substations), generator sets, main transformers, transmission lines, and busbars. Acquire electrical measurement data during power grid operation, including generator set measurements, main transformer measurements, and transmission line segment measurements.

[0093] 1) Plant model data includes, but is not limited to: plant identifier, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level;

[0094] 2) Generator set model data includes, but is not limited to: unit identifier, unit name, generator type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated power;

[0095] 3) Busbar model data includes, but is not limited to: busbar identifier, busbar name, substation identifier, busbar node, and voltage level;

[0096] 3) The main transformer model data includes, but is not limited to: main transformer identifier, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated capacity;

[0097] 4) Transmission line segment model data includes, but is not limited to: segment identifier, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying capacity;

[0098] 5) Transmission line segment point model data includes, but is not limited to: segment point identifier, segment point name, transmission line segment identifier, and physical connection nodes;

[0099] 6) Measurements of generator sets include, but are not limited to: active power, reactive power, current, and power generation;

[0100] 7) The main variable measurement data includes, but is not limited to: active power, reactive power, and voltage;

[0101] 8) Measurement data for transmission line segments include, but are not limited to: active power, reactive power, current, and voltage.

[0102] S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationships between equipment nodes, and create the power grid diagram structure. Details are as follows:

[0103] 1) First, treat the power plant, generator sets, and main transformer as nodes, and create points in the graphical model accordingly;

[0104] 2) such as Figure 3 As shown, the generator set is associated with the bus node attribute through the attribute "physical connection node", and the bus is associated with the station attribute "station identifier" through the attribute "station identifier". This obtains the relationship between the generator set and the station. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the generator set to the station.

[0105] 3) such as Figure 4 As shown, the main transformer is associated with the busbar attribute "busbar node" through the attribute "physical connection node", and the busbar is associated with the plant attribute "plant identifier" through the attribute "plant identifier". This allows the relationship between the main transformer and the plant to be obtained. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the main transformer to the plant.

[0106] 4) such as Figure 5 As shown, each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the attribute "segment identifier". Then, the transmission line segment point is associated with the busbar attribute "busbar node" through the attribute "physical connection node". The busbar is associated with the station attribute "station identifier" through the attribute "station identifier". This obtains the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the station, and further obtains the connection relationship between the stations at both ends of the transmission line segment. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is determined by the positive or negative sign of the active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

[0107] In summary, the graph structure of this invention creates three types of points, including: substation, generator unit, and main transformer; and creates two types of edges, including the membership relationship between substation and main transformer / generator unit (Belong, the direction is from generator unit / main transformer to substation), and the connection relationship between substations (Link, the direction is determined by the positive or negative sign of the active power of the transmission line segment).

[0108] The attributes of a substation are shown in the table below, but are not limited to these attributes.

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The properties of a generator unit are shown in the table below, but are not limited to these properties.

[0112] Fields type meaning mRID String Unit Identification name String name Substation String Plant / Station Identification P Double meritorious Q Double No effect PE Double Electricity generation CEF Double Carbon emission factor BaseVoltage String Reference voltage marking

[0113] The properties of the primary transformer (Transformer) are shown in the table below, but are not limited to these properties.

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] The connection relationships (Link) between plants are shown in the table below, but are not limited to these attributes.

[0117] Fields type meaning mRID String Transmission line segment marking name String Transmission line segment name P Double meritorious Q Double No effect rate Double load rate I Double Current StartSt String Starting point station sign EndSt String Terminal station sign CE Double carbon emissions

[0118] S1.3: Convert the power grid topology data and operational measurement data into CSV files using shell scripts or programming languages.

[0119] S1.4: Convert the formatted CSV file into insert statements and import it into the graph database in batches to generate the "Power Grid One-Map" graph model.

[0120] S1.5: Periodically acquire D5000 power grid model data and power grid operation measurement data. Convert the data to CSV files using S1.1-S1.3. Point data is directly converted into insert statements and batch-inserted into the graph database for updates. Edge data requires deleting existing edges from the database before converting them into insert statements and inserting them into the graph database. The generated "Power Grid One-Map" graph model is used for subsequent power grid carbon calculations.

[0121] S2: Based on power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, a power grid energy flow model is obtained, which in turn leads to a power grid carbon flow model, and a power grid carbon calculation model is constructed.

[0122] S2.1: As Figure 6 As shown, the power station contains multiple generator sets. The power station is considered as a power generation node, and the measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power, and power generation of the entire power generation node.

[0123] S2.2: As Figure 6 As shown, a substation contains multiple main transformers. By treating the substation as a single substation node and accumulating the measured data of the main transformers, the active and reactive power of the entire substation node can be obtained.

[0124] S2.3: As Figure 7 As shown, all carbon emissions from the entire power grid originate from generation nodes and are gradually transmitted to the entire grid through the flow of electrical energy. The carbon emissions from a generation node are represented as the sum of the carbon emissions from all generating units within the power station. The carbon emissions from transmission lines are entirely provided by the originating power station / substation, while the carbon emissions from substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines. Therefore, the formula for calculating the carbon emissions at power grid nodes is as follows:

[0125] Power plant: Carbon emissions = ∑(Power generation * Carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor. CE g Indicates carbon emissions from power plants, PE i This represents the power generation of the i-th generator unit, and CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power plant.

[0126]

[0127] Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑(carbon emissions from transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load. CE p Indicates carbon emissions from substations, CE Li CI represents the carbon emissions of the i-th transmission line; p The substation's carbon intensity is represented by P, its total active power is represented by T, and time is represented by T.

[0128]

[0129] CI p=CE p / (P*T)

[0130] Transmission lines: Carbon emissions = Originating substation / Originating power plant carbon intensity * Total load. CE L This represents the carbon emissions of the transmission line, CI (origin) represents the carbon intensity of the originating power plant, P represents the active power of the transmission line, and T represents time.

[0131] CE L =CI 起点 *P*T

[0132] S3: Based on the carbon emission calculation model obtained in S2, implement the carbon emission calculation algorithm using a graph database to dynamically calculate the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid.

[0133] In graph databases, the LOOKUP ON mode queries points or edges based on indexes, while the GO mode traverses the graph based on given points. This invention combines LOOKUP ON and GO. First, the LOOKUP ON mode finds points that meet the requirements. Then, the GO mode traverses the points along the edges. During the traversal, the carbon emission data of each node is calculated level by level. Finally, the UPDATE statement is used to update the attributes of the points and edges.

[0134] S3.1: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the generator sets and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station are statistically calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0135] Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON;

[0136] By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found. GROUP BY is used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station.

[0137] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant properties.

[0138] The statement is as follows:

[0139] #1) LOOKUP ON to find all generator units

[0140] LOOKUP ON Unit YIELD id AS unit_id,P AS unit_p,Q AS unit_q,PE ASunit_pe

[0141] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power plant.

[0142] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong YIELD$^.Substation.id AS ps_id,$-.unit_p ASunit_p,$-.unit_q AS unit_q,$-.unit_pe AS unit_pe where$^.Substation.type! ='substation'

[0143] |GROUP BY$-.ps_id YIELD$-.ps_id AS ps_id,SUM($-.unit_p)AS total_p,SUM($-.unit_q)AS total_q,SUM($-.unit_pe)AS total_pe

[0144] #3) Update the calculation results to the power plant.

[0145] |UPDATE Substation SET P=$-.total_p,Q=$-.total_q,PE=$-.total_peWHERE id==$-.ps_id;

[0146] S3.2: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows:

[0147] Find all primary transformers using LOOKUP ON;

[0148] By traversing the found Transformer points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all main transformers connected to the substation are found. GROUP BY is then used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation.

[0149] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant properties.

[0150] The statement is as follows:

[0151] #1) LOOKUP ON to find all generator units

[0152] LOOKUP ON Transformer YIELD id AS transformer_id,P AS transformer_p,QAS transformer_q

[0153] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the total active and total reactive power of the substation.

[0154] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong YIELD$^.Substation.id AS substation_id,$-.transformer_p AS transformer_p,$-.transformer_q AS transformer_q where$^.Substation.type='substation'

[0155] |GROUP BY$-.substation_id YIELD$-.substation_id AS substation_id,SUM($-.transformer_p)AS total_p,SUM($-.transformer_q)AS total_q

[0156] #3) Update the calculation results to the substation

[0157] |UPDATE Substation SET P=$-.total_p,Q=$-.total_q WHERE id ==$-.substation_id;

[0158] S3.3: Based on the S2.3 carbon emission calculation model, the carbon emission data for each node is calculated by traversing the entire power grid structure starting from the power plant using a graph database. Specifically:

[0159] First, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity data for all power plants. Then, calculate the carbon emissions data for the transmission line segments connected to the power plants. Next, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments. This process is repeated step by step to calculate the carbon emissions data for all nodes in the power grid.

[0160] The carbon emissions of a power plant come entirely from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generating units. First, the carbon emissions of the power plant are calculated, as follows:

[0161] Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON;

[0162] By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found, and aggregated using GROUP BY to calculate the power station's carbon emissions and carbon intensity.

[0163] Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant properties.

[0164] The statement is as follows:

[0165] #1) LOOKUP ON to find all generator units

[0166] LOOKUP ON Unit YIELD id AS unit_id,CI AS unit_ci,PE AS unit_pe

[0167] #2) Traverse the graph structure to calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the power plant.

[0168] |GO FROM$-OVER Belong REVERSELY YIELD$^.Substation.id AS ps_id,$-.unit_ci AS unit_ci,$-.unit_pe AS unit_pe where$^.Substation.type! ='substation'

[0169] |GROUP BY$-.ps_id YIELD$-.ps_id AS ps_id,SUM($-.unit_ci*$-.unit_pe)AStotal_ce

[0170] #3) Update the calculation results to the power plant.

[0171] |UPDATE Substation SETCI=$-.unit_ci,CE=$-.total_ce WHERE id==$-.ps_id;

[0172] Carbon emissions from transmission line segments originate from the power plants at the starting point of the segment, while carbon emissions from substations are the sum of carbon emissions from all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and mutually influential, and the calculation process is as follows:

[0173] 1) First, use LOOKUP ON to find all power plant nodes.

[0174] 2) Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant connected by the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link.

[0175] 3) Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find all the input Links of the Substation, and sum the carbon intensity of the Links to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation.

[0176] The statement is as follows:

[0177] #1) Get the points of all power plants

[0178] LOOKUP ON Substation where type! ='Substation'YIELD id AS substation_id,CE AS substation_ce,CI AS substation_ci

[0179] #2) Traverse the graph structure and calculate Link's carbon emissions.

[0180] |GO FROM$-OVER Link YIELD Link.id AS link_id,Link.P AS link_p

[0181] |UPDATE Link SET CE=$-.substation_ci*$-.link_p / 12WHERE id==$-.link_id

[0182] #3) Traverse the graph structure and calculate the carbon emissions of substations.

[0183] |GO FROM$-OVER Link YIELD$^.Substation.id AS start_substation_id,Link.CE AS link_ce

[0184] |GROUP BY$-.start_substation_id YIELD$-.start_substation_id AS start_substation_id,SUM($-.link_carbon)AS total_carbon

[0185] |UPDATE Substation SET CE=$-.total_carbon,CI=12*$-.total_carbon / pWHERE id==$-.start_substation_id;

[0186] S4: Construct a multi-temporal and spatial fusion carbon footprint map, enabling users to view the carbon footprint of electricity at different times and locations within a 3D map. Specifically, this includes:

[0187] S4.1: 3D GIS Scene Construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scaling and format conversion to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene.

[0188] S4.2: Power Facility Model Building: Import power equipment models, including power plants, substations, and transmission towers, and place the power facility models on the 3D map to simulate the location of the power facilities.

[0189] S4.3: Carbon Emission Effects Construction: Create carbon emission effects near power facilities to visualize the intensity of carbon emissions.

[0190] S4.4: Carbon Emission Data Query and Rendering: Utilize the graph database `match` to query carbon intensity data for corresponding nodes. Based on the retrieved electricity carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission effects of power facilities and visualize electricity carbon intensity information at different time scales on a virtual map. This can represent changes in carbon emission levels by adjusting the color, size, or transparency of the effects.

[0191] S4.5: Time Scale Switching: Provides a time scale switching tool, allowing users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, months, etc., to view grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales.

[0192] S4.6: Spatial Scale Switching: Provides a spatial scale tool that allows users to switch to different spatial scales, such as provinces, cities, districts and counties, to view grid carbon emission statistics under different spatial scales.

[0193] The embodiments described above are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, any changes in numerical values ​​or substitutions of equivalent elements should still fall within the scope of this invention.

[0194] The above detailed description will enable those skilled in the art to understand that the present invention can indeed achieve the aforementioned objectives and has complied with the provisions of the Patent Law.

[0195] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0196] It should be noted that the above description of the process is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of this specification. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the process under the guidance of this specification. However, these modifications and changes remain within the scope of this specification.

[0197] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art who have read this application, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore, such modifications, improvements, and corrections still fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0198] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe its embodiments. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application can be appropriately combined.

[0199] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that aspects of this application can be described and illustrated through several patentable types or situations, including any new and useful combination of processes, machines, products, or substances, or any new and useful improvements thereof. Therefore, aspects of this application can be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software. All of the above hardware or software can be referred to as a “unit,” “module,” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media, wherein computer-readable program code is contained therein.

[0200] The computer program code required for the operation of each part of this application can be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, and Python; general programming languages ​​such as C; Visual Basic, Fortran2103, Perl, COBOL2102, PHP, and ABAP; dynamic programming languages ​​such as Python, Ruby, and Groovy; or other programming languages. This program code can run entirely on the user's computer, or as a standalone software package on the user's computer, or partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any network, such as a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or used as a service such as Software as a Service (SaaS).

[0201] Furthermore, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or other names described in this application are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this application. Although some currently considered useful embodiments of the invention have been discussed in the foregoing disclosure by way of various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments; rather, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that conform to the substance and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, although the implementation of the various components described above can be embodied in a hardware device, it can also be implemented as a purely software solution, such as an installation on an existing server or mobile device.

[0202] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this approach of the present application should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, the subject of the invention should possess fewer features than in any single embodiment described above.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a dynamic three-dimensional carbon footprint map of a power grid based on a graph database, characterized in that: include: S1: Obtain power grid equipment model data and power grid operation data, analyze power grid nodes and the connection relationships between nodes, obtain power grid topology connection relationships, and create a power grid graph model; based on the power grid graph model, analyze the power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, convert them into CSV files, import them into the graph database, and generate a single graph model of the power grid. S2: Based on power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data, a power grid energy flow model is obtained, and then a power grid carbon flow model is obtained to construct a power grid carbon calculation model; S3: Based on the power grid carbon emission calculation model and the power grid one-map model, the power grid carbon emission calculation algorithm is implemented using a graph database to dynamically calculate the real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid. S4: Based on real-time carbon emission data of each node in the power grid, construct a multi-temporal and spatial fusion carbon footprint map to enable viewing the carbon footprint of electricity at different times and in different spaces in a three-dimensional map; S1 includes: S1.1: Acquire power grid equipment model data, including static data of power grid models of power plants, substations, generator sets, main transformers, transmission lines, and busbars; acquire power grid operation measurement data during power grid operation, including electrical measurement data, generator set measurement data, main transformer measurement data, and transmission line segment measurement data; S1.2: Analyze the power grid equipment model data, obtain the connection relationships between equipment nodes, obtain power grid topology data, and create a power grid diagram model; S1.3: Convert the power grid topology data and power grid operation measurement data into CSV files using Shell scripts or programming languages; S1.4: Convert CSV files into insert statements and import them into the graph database in batches to generate a single graph model of the power grid; S1.5: Periodically acquire power grid equipment model data and power grid operation measurement data, and convert the data into CSV files through S1.1-S1.

3. Point data is directly converted into insert statements and batch inserted into the graph database for updating. Edge data needs to delete the original edges in the database first, and then convert them into insert statements to insert into the graph database. S2 includes: S2.1: A power station contains multiple generator sets. The power station is considered as a power generation node. The measured data of the generator sets are accumulated to obtain the active power, reactive power, and power generation of the entire power generation node. S2.2: A substation contains multiple main transformers. The substation is treated as a substation node, and the measured data of the main transformers are accumulated to obtain the active power and reactive power of the entire substation node. S2.3: The carbon emissions of the entire power grid all originate from the power generation nodes and are gradually transmitted to the entire power grid through the power flow. The carbon emissions of the power generation nodes are represented as the sum of the carbon emissions of all generating units within the power station. The carbon emissions of the transmission lines are all provided by the starting power station or substation. The carbon emissions of the substation nodes are provided by multiple transmission lines. Therefore, the formula for calculating the carbon emissions of the power grid nodes is as follows. Power plant: Carbon emissions = ∑(unit power generation * carbon emission factor), carbon intensity equals carbon emission factor; CE g Indicates carbon emissions from power plants, PE i Represents the power generation of the i-th generator set, and CEF represents the carbon emission factor of the power plant; Substation: Carbon emissions = ∑(carbon emissions from transmission lines), carbon intensity = carbon emissions / total load; CE p Indicates carbon emissions from substations, CE Li CI represents the carbon emissions of the i-th transmission line; p The substation carbon intensity is represented by P, the substation total active power is represented by T, and time is represented by T. Transmission lines: Carbon emissions = Carbon intensity of the originating substation or originating power station * Total load; CE L Indicates carbon emissions from power transmission lines, CI 起点 The carbon intensity of the starting power plant is represented by P, the active power of the transmission line is represented by T, and time is represented by T. WHAT L =CI 起点 *P*T; S3 includes: S3.1: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the generator sets and the power station, the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station are statistically calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows: Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON; By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found. GROUP BY is used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power, total reactive power, and total power generation of the power station. Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; S3.2: Based on the hierarchical relationship between the main transformer and the substation, the total active power and total reactive power of the substation are calculated using a graph database. The calculation process is as follows: Find all primary transformers using LOOKUP ON; By traversing the found Transformer points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all main transformers connected to the substation are found. GROUP BY is then used to aggregate them and calculate the total active power and total reactive power of the substation. Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; S3.3: Based on the S2.3 carbon emission calculation model, the graph database is used to traverse the entire power grid graph structure starting from the power plant and calculate the carbon emission data of each node. First, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity data of all power plants. Then, calculate the carbon emissions data of the transmission line segments connected to the power plants. Next, calculate the carbon emissions and carbon intensity of the substations connected to the transmission line segments. Then, iterate through the entire power grid nodes to calculate the carbon emissions data step by step. The carbon emissions of a power plant come entirely from the sum of the carbon emissions of its generating units. First, the carbon emissions of the power plant are calculated, as follows: Find all generator units by using LOOKUP ON; By traversing the found Unit points along the direction of the Belong edge using GO, all generator units connected to the power station are found, and aggregated using GROUP BY to calculate the power station's carbon emissions and carbon intensity. Use the UPDATE statement to update the calculation results to the corresponding power plant attributes; Carbon emissions from transmission line segments originate from the power plants at the starting point of the segment, while carbon emissions from substations are the sum of carbon emissions from all input transmission line segments. The two are interdependent and mutually influential, and the calculation process is as follows: First, use LOOKUP ON to find all power plant nodes. Use GO to traverse these nodes along the direction of the transmission line segment Link, find the starting plant connected by the edge Link, and calculate the carbon emissions of the transmission line segment Link. Using GO, these nodes are traversed along the direction of the transmission line segment Link to find all the input Links of the Substation. The carbon intensity of the Links is then summed to obtain the carbon emissions of the substation. S4 includes: S4.1: 3D GIS Scene Construction: Import geographic terrain data into Cesium, and perform scale adjustments and format conversions to create a high-precision 3D GIS map scene; S4.2: Power Facility Model Building: Import power equipment models, including power plants, substations, and transmission towers, and place the power facility models on the 3D map to simulate the location of the power facilities; S4.3: Carbon Emission Effects Construction: Create carbon emission effects near power facilities to visualize carbon emission intensity; S4.4: Carbon Emission Data Query and Rendering: Utilize the graph database match to query the carbon intensity data of the corresponding nodes. Based on the queried electricity carbon intensity data, dynamically update the carbon emission effects of power facilities and visualize the electricity carbon intensity information at different time scales on a virtual map; adjust the color, size, or transparency of the effects to represent changes in carbon emission levels. S4.5: Time Scale Switching: Provides a time scale switching tool, allowing users to switch to different time scales, such as hours, days, and months, to view grid carbon emission statistics at different time scales; S4.6: Spatial Scale Switching: Provides a spatial scale tool that allows users to switch to different spatial scales, such as provinces, cities, and districts / counties, to view power grid carbon emission statistics under different spatial scales; The model data for power plants and substations includes plant identification, plant name, plant type, longitude, latitude, and voltage level; The generator set model data includes the unit identifier, unit name, generator type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated power; Busbar model data includes busbar identifier, busbar name, substation identifier, busbar node, and voltage level; The main transformer model data includes the main transformer identifier, main transformer name, transformer type, physical connection nodes, voltage level, and rated capacity; The transmission line segment model data includes segment identifier, segment name, power limit, and allowable current carrying capacity; The transmission line segment point model data includes segment point identifier, segment point name, transmission line segment identifier, and physical connection nodes; The generator set measurements include active power, reactive power, current, and power generation; The main variable measurement data includes active power, reactive power, and voltage; The measurement data of transmission line segments include active power, reactive power, current, and voltage; In S1.2, the power plant, generator set, and main transformer are first used as nodes, and points in the graph model are created respectively. The generator set is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the power plant identifier in the power plant attribute through the power plant identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the generator set and the power plant. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the generator set to the power plant. The main transformer is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the plant identifier in the plant attribute through the plant identifier in the attribute, thereby obtaining the relationship between the main transformer and the plant. This relationship is used as an edge, with the direction from the main transformer to the plant. Each transmission line segment has two transmission line segment points. The transmission line segment is associated with the two transmission line segment points through the segment identifier in the attribute. Then, the transmission line segment point is associated with the bus node in the bus attribute through the physical connection node in the attribute. The bus is associated with the substation identifier in the substation attribute through the substation identifier in the attribute. Thus, the relationship between the transmission line segment point and the substation is obtained, and the connection relationship between the substations at both ends of the transmission line segment is further obtained. This connection relationship is used as an edge, and the direction is determined by the positive or negative sign of the active power measurement value of the transmission line segment point.

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