Generalized simulation research device for delta development law under geological structure movement background

Abstract

The invention provides a generalized simulation research device for a delta development law under a geological structure movement background. The generalized simulation research device comprises an upstream reservoir, a connecting groove, a main experimental area and a tail reservoir, the upstream reservoir is located at the most upstream of the simulation research device and communicates with the connecting groove; an automatic sand adding machine is mounted above the connecting groove, and the bottom of the connecting groove is a slope; the main experimental area is located at the downstream of the connecting groove, the main experimental area is provided with a width-adjustable water tank, the gradient of a bottom plate of the main experimental area is adjustable, and an underwater terrain measuring instrument for measuring the terrain of the delta and a camera for shooting the evolution process of the delta are arranged above the main experimental area; the tail reservoir is located downstream of the main experimental area. The simulation research device provided by the invention can meet multiple research requirements of the delta development law and the alluvial plain geological process formed by delta evolution under the background of geological structure movement, and has the advantages of various means, flexible setting, simple operation, accuracy, high efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river dynamics and relates to a generalized simulation research device. Background Art

[0002] After a river flows into a receiving basin (ocean, lake or depression), it interacts with the receiving water body. As the water flow diffuses and the flow rate decreases, the silt carried by the river accumulates in the basin. The protruding accumulation formed in this process is called a delta. As the delta continues to develop, the silt will form a giant silt accumulation in the receiving basin. When geological tectonic uplift occurs, the accumulation will emerge from the water surface to form a huge alluvial plain. Due to the rapid sedimentation, the area is very conducive to the formation of oil and gas, and is a good oil-generating layer. It is also conducive to the formation and preservation of animal and plant fossils. Therefore, the study of the development laws of deltas is of great value to human oil and gas exploration, resource excavation, and animal and plant archaeology.

[0003] Scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the development laws of deltas. The main research method is generalized simulation experiments. This kind of experiment does not require strict simulation of the geometric morphology, kinematics and dynamic characteristics of natural systems. It has no clear scale relationship and aims to create phenomena similar to the development process of nature. This concept is called "process similarity". Generalized simulation experiments are not only good at shaping similar geomorphic evolution processes, but also can shape similar stratigraphic structures inside sediment accumulation bodies. Therefore, they are often used to study the sediment deposition process in lake basins. In the existing generalized simulation experiments, scholars mostly focus on the impact of hydrological factors such as flow, sand volume, and water-sediment processes on delta development. Few scholars have studied the impact of the above-mentioned influencing factors on the development laws of deltas while the topography of the water-affected basin changes due to geological tectonic movements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the generalized simulation experiment described in the background technology does not take the changes in the topography of the receiving basin with the geological tectonic movement as a variable factor in delta research, the present invention provides a generalized simulation research device for the delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement.

[0005] The present invention comprises an upstream reservoir, a connecting trough, a main experimental area and a tailwater reservoir; the upstream reservoir is located at the uppermost upstream of the simulation research device and is connected to the connecting trough; an automatic sand adding machine is installed above the connecting trough, and the bottom is a slope; the main experimental area is located downstream of the connecting trough, the plane shape of the main experimental area is rectangular, the main experimental area is provided with a water trough with adjustable width, the bottom plate slope of the main experimental area is adjustable, an underwater topographic measuring instrument for measuring the delta topography and a camera for photographing the delta evolution process are arranged above the main experimental area; the tailwater reservoir is located downstream of the main experimental area; the circulating water pipe passes through the bottom of the main experimental area to connect the upstream reservoir and the tailwater reservoir, and a water regulating valve and a flow meter are installed on the circulating water pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of pairs of fixed slots are provided on the upstream and downstream side walls of the main experimental area, and lateral movable baffles are provided in the upstream and downstream fixed slots, and the lateral movable baffles are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tank of the main experimental area. By changing the position of the lateral movable baffles, the width of the water tank in the main experimental area can be adjusted, and the adjustment of the width of the water tank enables the simulation research device to simulate the impact of different degrees of lake basin topography changes on delta development.

[0007] Furthermore, a slide rail is laid on the top of the side wall of the main experimental area, a measuring instrument bracket is mounted on the slide rail, and an underwater topographic measuring instrument for measuring the delta section topography is installed on the measuring instrument bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, a camera bracket is arranged above the main experimental area, and a camera is installed on the top of the camera bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, a pump is provided in the tailwater reservoir, and the pump is fixedly connected to the water inlet of the circulating water pipe, so that the water outlet of the circulating water pipe is arranged in the upstream reservoir, and the water in the tailwater reservoir returns to the upstream reservoir through the pump and the circulating water pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the upstream reservoir, the connection tank and the main experimental area are all arranged on the same structural plane, and the bottom of the main experimental area is fixed to the ground through a lifting shaft and a movable hinge support. The setting of the lifting shaft makes the bottom plate slope of the main experimental area adjustable.

[0011] Furthermore, an overflow weir for controlling the water depth in the pool is provided at the rear of the bottom plate of the main experimental area.

[0012] Furthermore, a gate is provided at the downstream outlet of the main experimental area. Since the underwater topographic survey instrument needs to ensure that there is a certain depth of water above the delta in the main experimental area when measuring the topography, the water depth in the main experimental area is controlled by the water pipe and the gate.

[0013] Furthermore, a water supply pipe is provided downstream of the main experimental area. To prevent the water supply process from damaging the topography of the delta in the main experimental area, the water supply pipe is used to carry out water supply operation downstream of the delta.

[0014] Furthermore, the underwater topographic surveying instrument is connected to the computer via a signal line, and the camera is connected to the camera control terminal via a wireless signal. Through the signal line, the underwater topographic surveying instrument can move along the surveying instrument bracket according to the command of the control terminal to measure the delta section topography; through the wireless signal, the camera can take pictures and upload data according to the command of the camera control terminal.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The simulation research device effectively fills the gap in previous experiments on the development law of deltas under the background of changes in the topography of the receiving basin with geological tectonic movement, improves the previous generalized delta simulation experiments that do not consider the changes in the topography of the receiving basin, and successfully realizes the generalized simulation of the delta development process and the process of the delta evolving into an alluvial plain, providing an effective research method for exploring the evolution process of delta-type alluvial plains under the background of geological tectonic movement;

[0017] Second, the simulation research device can flexibly adjust the width of the sediment deposition area, the slope of the water tank bottom plate and the water depth in the water tank to simulate the topographic changes of the receiving basin caused by geological tectonic movement. On this basis, the research device can also change the experimental water and sediment conditions, including selecting experimental sediments with different particle size distributions and specific gravities, adjusting different sediment addition rates, setting different water flow processes, etc. Under the control of the above two experimental conditions, the device can be used to deeply study the delta development laws under the background of topographic changes of the receiving basin and changes in water and sediment conditions;

[0018] 3. The simulation research device can promote the continuous accumulation of sediment by extending the experimental time or implementing multiple frequency and multiple working condition experiments in succession, so that the sediment accumulation body evolves from the delta form to the initial alluvial plain, so as to simulate the process of the delta gradually developing into the alluvial plain under the background of geological tectonic movement, and study the sediment deposition, river type evolution law, sediment accumulation characteristics, and the interactive process between river channel form and delta form in this process through various measuring instruments and means;

[0019] 4. The overall design of the simulation research device is refined, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the research is practical. Its experimental control factors cover a wide range, the adjustment is flexible, and the transformation space is huge, which makes the research scope of the research device broad, the research methods diverse, and the application prospects broad.

[0020] In summary, the simulation research device of the present invention can meet the multiple research needs of delta development laws and the geological process of delta evolution to form alluvial plains under the background of geological tectonic movement, and has the advantages of diverse means, flexible settings, simple operation, precision and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulation research device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of .

[0024] Figure 4 These are experimental photos of the early stage of delta development in the examples.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the delta progradation process under different flume width conditions in the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the delta progradation process after the amount of water and sediment is halved under different flume width conditions in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 7 The figure shows the changes of delta progradation process under different degrees of flume width change in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a photo of the side wall lobe in the embodiment.

[0029] Fig. 9 The figure shows the variation of the lobe length with the water tank width in the embodiment.

[0030] Fig.10 The river type evolution in the embodiment changes with the width of the flume.

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-circulating water pipe; 2-upstream reservoir; 3-connecting trough; 4-automatic sand adding machine; 5-main experimental area; 6-fixed card slot; 7-lateral movable baffle; 8-camera; 9-measuring instrument bracket; 10-underwater topographic measuring instrument; 11-overflow weir; 12-gate; 13-tail reservoir; 14-water pump; 15-lifting shaft; 16-water regulating valve; 17-flow meter; 18-movable hinge support; 19-computer; 20-water adding pipe; 21-bottom plate; 22-side wall; 23-slide rail; 24-delta; 25-camera bracket; 26-camera control terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the generalized simulation research device for the development law of delta under the background of geological tectonic movement includes an upstream reservoir 2, a connecting trough 3, a main experimental area 5 and a tailwater reservoir 13. Among them, the upstream reservoir 2 is located at the upstream of the simulation research device and is connected to the connecting trough 3. A circulating water pipe 1 is installed in the upstream reservoir 2, and the circulating water pipe 1 is used to supply water to the simulation research device. The connecting trough 3 is long and narrow in shape, and an automatic sand adding machine 4 is installed above the connecting trough 3, and the bottom is a slope. The main experimental area 5 is located downstream of the connecting trough 3. The plane shape of the main experimental area 5 is a rectangle, simulating the long and narrow landforms of the canyon area. The main experimental area 5 is provided with a water trough with adjustable width to simulate different degrees of lateral constraints. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of pairs of fixed slots 6 are arranged on the upstream and downstream side walls 22 of the main experimental area 5, and lateral movable baffles 7 are arranged in the upstream and downstream fixed slots 6. The lateral movable baffles 7 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tank of the main experimental area 5, and the width of the water tank is adjusted by changing the position of the lateral movable baffles 7. An underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 for measuring the delta topography and a camera 8 for photographing the delta evolution process are arranged above the main experimental area 5. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, a slide rail 23 is laid on the top of the side wall 22 of the main experimental area 5, and a measuring instrument bracket 9 is mounted on the slide rail 23. An underwater topographic measuring instrument 10 for measuring the delta cross-section topography is installed on the measuring instrument bracket 9; a camera bracket 25 is mounted above the main experimental area 5, and a camera 8 is installed on the top of the camera bracket 25. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an overflow weir 11 for controlling the water depth in the pool is provided at the tail of the bottom plate 21 of the main experimental area 5. The overflow weir 11 is used to control the water depth in the main experimental area 5. The overflow weir 11 is bonded to the bottom plate 21 of the main experimental area 5, and the height of the weir body can be flexibly adjusted according to the experimental needs; a gate 12 is provided at the downstream outlet of the main experimental area 5, and a water supply pipe 20 is provided downstream of the main experimental area 5. The tailwater reservoir 13 is located downstream of the main experimental area 5; the circulating water pipe 1 passes through the bottom of the main experimental area 5 to connect the upstream reservoir 2 and the tailwater reservoir 13. A pump 14 is provided in the tailwater reservoir 13. The pump 14 is fixedly connected to the water inlet end of the circulating water pipe 1. The water outlet end of the circulating water pipe 1 is provided in the upstream reservoir 2. During the experiment, the water in the tailwater reservoir 13 returns to the upstream reservoir 2 through the pump 14 and the circulating water pipe 1. In addition, a water regulating valve 16 and a flow meter 17 are installed on the circulating water pipe 1. As shown Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the upstream reservoir 2, the connecting trough 3 and the main experimental area 5 are all arranged on the same structural surface. The bottom of the main experimental area 5 is fixed to the ground by a lifting shaft 15 and a movable hinge support 18. The set lifting shaft 15 can adjust the slope of the bottom plate 21 of the main experimental area 5.

[0034] The simulation research device is small in size and light in weight. In order to improve the experimental efficiency and facilitate experimental operation and observation, the side walls and bottom plates of the upstream reservoir 2, the connecting trough 3 and the main experimental area 5 are made of reinforced beam frame with glass plate structure, and the tail water reservoir 13 is independently arranged on the ground and adopts concrete structure. The lateral movable baffle 7 adopts transparent PVC plate structure. The camera bracket 25 is a movable aluminum alloy structure. The overflow weir 11 adopts PVC material structure.

[0035] The automatic sand-adding machine 4 is installed above the connecting trough 3. The sand and gravel in the automatic sand-adding machine 4 can be artificially screened to control the particle size distribution and specific gravity. The sand-adding rate of the automatic sand-adding machine 4 can be adjusted. After the sand and gravel fall into the connecting trough 3 below at a certain rate, they are fully mixed with the water flow to form a sand-containing water flow entering the downstream main experimental area 5. Different experimental water and sand conditions can be formed by changing the sand-adding rate, sediment type, and water flow rate.

[0036] The camera 8 is connected to the camera control terminal 26 via a wireless signal. When measuring the water flow rate during the experiment, it is necessary to release tracer particles at the connection slot 3, and use the camera 8 to take continuous photos. The water flow rate is calculated based on the time interval between photos and the moving distance of the tracer particles measured in the photos. The underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 is connected to the computer 19 through a signal line. The underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 is installed on the surveying instrument bracket 9 and can automatically move along the surveying instrument bracket 9 to measure the cross-sectional topographic data of the delta, and transmit and save it in the computer 19; the surveying instrument bracket 9 can move freely along the slide rail 23. When measuring the topography, the surveying instrument bracket 9 and the slide rail 23 maintain a vertical relationship. After the underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 measures the topography of a section, the surveying instrument bracket 9 is moved to a new position to measure the next section. After the cross-sectional topography of multiple measurements is integrated and processed, the three-dimensional topography of the delta 24 can be generated; when measuring the topography, the underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 needs to ensure that there is a certain depth of water above the delta 24. At this time, the experiment needs to be stopped, the gate 12 needs to be closed, and water needs to be added to the main experimental area 5 until the delta 24 is submerged. In order to prevent the water addition process from damaging the topography of the delta 24, the water addition pipe 20 is used to add water far downstream of the delta 24, and the flow rate should be controlled when adding water.

[0037] Example

[0038] This embodiment uses the above-mentioned simulation research device to conduct experiments. The tailwater reservoir 13 is located at the downstream of the research device. The internal dimensions of the tailwater reservoir 13 are: 1.5m long, 1.5m wide, and 2m high. It is independently installed on the ground and is used to store water and supply water to the entire simulation research device. A pumping pump 14 is arranged at the bottom of the tailwater reservoir 13. The pumping pump 14 continuously pumps and lifts the water in the tailwater reservoir 13 and returns it to the upstream reservoir 2 through the circulating water pipe 1 to ensure that there is continuous water flow in the simulation research device. The circulating water pipe 1 is equipped with a water regulating valve 16 and a flow meter 17 for adjusting and displaying the water flow rate; the internal dimensions of the upstream reservoir 2 are: 0.6m long, 1.2m wide, and 1m high. Since the flow rate is small during the experiment and the adjustment is convenient, the water level in the upstream reservoir can be kept relatively stable, ensuring the stability of the experimental water flow conditions; the internal dimensions of the connecting groove 3 are: 0.5m long, 0.05m wide, and 0.26m high. It is narrow and long in shape and has a certain slope at the bottom, which is convenient for the water flow and sediment to be fully mixed; the connecting groove 3 is connected to the bottom of the connecting groove 3. An automatic sand-adding machine 4 is installed above the trough 3, and the sand-adding rate of the automatic sand-adding machine 4 can be adjusted manually; the main experimental area 5 is the main area for the interaction between the river and the delta. The internal dimensions of the main experimental area 5 are: 3m long, 1.2m wide, and 0.4m high. It adopts a steel frame and glass panel structure, and the slope of the bottom plate can be adjusted by a lifting shaft 15; a number of pairs of fixed card slots 6 are arranged on the upstream and downstream side walls of the main experimental area 5, and the number and position of the card slots can be adjusted manually. When the width of the main experimental area 5 needs to be changed, the two ends of the lateral movable baffle 7 are respectively fixed in the upstream and downstream fixed card slots 6, so that the lateral movable baffle 7 is arranged longitudinally along the water tank of the main experimental area 5, and the bottom of the lateral movable baffle 7 is sealed and anti-seepage treated with glass glue. The lateral movable baffle 7 adopts a transparent PVC board for easy observation; a slide rail 23 is laid on the top of the side wall 22 of the main experimental area, and the slide rail is a steel structure; a measuring instrument bracket 9 is mounted on the slide rail 23; and an underwater topographic measuring instrument 10 is installed on the measuring instrument bracket 9. In this embodiment, the underwater topographic surveying instrument 10 is connected to the computer 19 via a signal line, and can move along the surveying instrument bracket 9 according to the computer instructions to measure the delta section topography; a camera bracket 25 is set up above the main experimental area 5, and the camera bracket is a movable aluminum alloy structure. A camera 8 is installed on the top of the bracket to shoot the evolution process of the river landform in the experiment; the camera 8 is connected to the camera control terminal 26 via a wireless signal.

[0039] The process and operation steps of the simulation test using the simulation research device of this embodiment are as follows:

[0040] After the camera 8 and the camera bracket 25 are installed, the gate 12 is opened, the sand adding rate of the automatic sand adding machine 4 is set, and the pumping pump 14 is started. The water flows from the tailwater reservoir 13 into the upstream reservoir 2. The water regulating valve 16 is adjusted so that the flow meter 17 reading reaches the experimental setting value. The water level in the upstream reservoir 2 gradually rises. When the water flows into the connecting groove 3, the automatic sand adding machine 4 is started. The silt in the automatic sand adding machine 4 falls into the connecting groove 3 and is fully mixed with the water flow to form a sand-containing water flow. The sand-containing water flow enters the main experimental area 5, and silt deposition occurs. During the experiment, silt is deposited in the main experimental area 5, and the water flows into the tailwater reservoir 13. Under the pumping action of the pumping pump 14, it returns to the upstream reservoir through the circulating water pipe 1.

[0041] During the experiment, the camera 8 is controlled by the camera control terminal 26 to take pictures at regular intervals to record the experimental phenomena; when measuring the water flow rate, tracer particles are artificially released in the connecting groove 3, and at the same time, the camera 8 is used to take continuous pictures. Later, the water flow rate is calculated based on the time interval between pictures and the moving distance of the tracer particles measured in the pictures.

[0042] When measuring the topography of the delta 24, the experiment needs to be suspended. The specific operation steps are: turn off the water pump 14 and the automatic sand filling machine 4, remove the camera bracket 25; close the gate 12, and inject water into the main experimental area 5 through the water filling pipe 20. When the water depth above the delta 24 in the main experimental area 5 reaches 10cm, stop injecting water. At this time, the underwater topographic survey instrument 10 is installed together with the survey instrument bracket 9 to the upstream edge of the main experimental area 5. According to the experimental requirements, at a certain distance as an interval, 5cm-10cm is recommended, and the cross-sectional topography of the delta 24 is measured section by section in the downstream direction. Finally, all the cross-sectional topography is integrated and modeled to form the three-dimensional topography of the delta 24. The topographic measurement of each section is automatically completed by the computer 19 controlling the underwater topographic survey instrument 10. During the entire measurement process, the survey instrument bracket 9 should remain perpendicular to the slide rail 23. The process of moving the survey instrument bracket 9 along the slide rail 23 can be completed manually by the experimenter.

[0043] The timing of measuring the topography should be selected when the delta 24 shows representative landforms at different stages, such as the long strip lobe stage, the fan-shaped sediment stage, the time when obvious river morphology appears, the time when the delta contacts the side walls on both sides, etc. After stopping the experiment to measure the topography once, it is necessary to start the experiment again at a certain time based on the delta formed in the previous experiment until the predetermined experimental goal is achieved, and then a complete simulation experiment of the delta development process is officially completed. Before continuing the experiment, the underwater topographic survey instrument 10 and the survey instrument bracket 9 should be removed, and the camera 8 and the camera bracket 25 should be installed to the original position. After the relevant experimental preparations are completed, the experimental process is started.

[0044] During the experiment, it can be observed that the development of the delta shows the law of alternating development of progradation and uplift, and periodic evolution of river type. The experimental photos of the early stage of delta development are shown in the following figure. Figure 4 As shown, the two edges of the delta have not yet contacted the sidewalls 22. As the width of the flume changes, the delta development process presents different characteristics.

[0045] Under the same basic flume width, the greater the flume narrowing, the more obvious the acceleration of delta uplift and progradation process. There is a critical narrowing amplitude. When the flume narrowing amplitude exceeds the critical value, the strength of the side wall action will increase rapidly as the narrowing amplitude increases. When the flume narrowing amplitude is lower than the critical value, the strength of the side wall action will not change much with the narrowing amplitude. The size of the critical narrowing amplitude will be affected by the upstream water and sediment conditions. The delta progradation process under different flume width conditions is as follows. Figure 5 shown.

[0046] After the upstream water and sediment volume was halved, the strength of the side wall effect was greatly affected. For the delta progradation process, when the narrowing amplitude is lower than a certain critical value, the halving of water and sediment has little effect on the strength of the side wall effect. When the narrowing amplitude of the channel exceeds this critical value, the halving of water and sediment can significantly weaken the strength of the side wall effect; when the narrowing amplitude continues to increase and exceeds another larger critical value, the effect of the halving of water and sediment on the strength of the side wall effect becomes weaker. The delta progradation process after the water and sediment volume is halved under different channel width conditions is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0047] The trough narrows by the same value under different base widths. When the base width is smaller, the relative growth rate of delta thickness is greater, and the difference in the strength of the side wall action along the way is also greater. For the delta uplift process, there is a critical base width value in the nonlinear change process of the side wall action strength. When the base width of the trough is greater than the critical value, the side wall action strength does not change much with the width of the basic trough; when the base width of the trough is less than the critical value, the side wall action strength increases rapidly with the decrease in the base width. The delta progradation process changes under different degrees of trough width changes as shown in the figure. Figure 7 shown.

[0048] The photo of the side wall lobes is as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the side wall lobe is significantly affected by the width of the water tank. There is a critical narrowing amplitude when the length of the side wall lobe changes nonlinearly with the narrowing of the water tank. When the narrowing amplitude of the water tank is less than the critical value, the side wall lobe becomes shorter as the narrowing amplitude of the water tank increases; when the narrowing amplitude of the water tank exceeds the critical value, the length of the side wall lobe increases as the narrowing amplitude of the water tank increases. The change of the lobe length with the width of the water tank is shown in the figure. Fig. 9 shown.

[0049] After the channel narrows, the space for river channel development becomes smaller, making the river type evolution cycle shorter. As the slope of the delta decreases, the proportion of the straight channel in the river type cycle decreases, the maximum branching angle of the delta decreases, and the width of the formed channel is also smaller. However, the flow velocity in the upper reaches of the delta becomes faster and the water depth increases. The evolution of the river type changes with the width of the channel. Fig.10 shown.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A generalized simulation research device for delta development under the background of geological tectonic movement, characterized by: The invention comprises an upstream reservoir (2), a connecting trough (3), a main experimental area (5) and a tailwater reservoir (13); the upstream reservoir (2) is located at the uppermost upstream of the simulation research device and is connected to the connecting trough (3); an automatic sand adding machine (4) is installed above the connecting trough (3), and the bottom is a slope; the main experimental area (5) is located downstream of the connecting trough (3); the plane shape of the main experimental area (5) is rectangular; the main experimental area (5) is provided with a water trough with adjustable width; the bottom plate slope of the main experimental area (5) is adjustable; an underwater topographic measuring instrument (10) for measuring delta topography and a camera (8) for photographing the delta evolution process are arranged above the main experimental area (5); the tailwater reservoir (13) is located downstream of the main experimental area (5); the circulating water pipe (1) passes through the bottom of the main experimental area (5) to connect the upstream reservoir (2) and the tailwater reservoir (13); a water regulating valve (16) and a flow meter (17) are installed on the circulating water pipe (1).

2. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of pairs of fixed slots (6) are provided on the upstream and downstream side walls (22) of the main experimental area (5), and lateral movable baffles (7) can be installed in the upstream and downstream fixed slots (6). The lateral movable baffles (7) are arranged longitudinally along the water tank of the main experimental area (5).

3. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 2 is characterized by: A slide rail (23) is laid on the top of the side wall (22) of the main experimental area (5), a detachable measuring instrument bracket (9) is mounted on the slide rail (23), and a detachable underwater topographic measuring instrument (10) for measuring the delta section topography is installed on the measuring instrument bracket (9).

4. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 3 is characterized by: A detachable camera bracket (25) is arranged above the main experimental area (5), and a camera (8) is installed on the top of the camera bracket (25).

5. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 4 is characterized by: A water pump (14) is provided in the tailwater reservoir (13), and the water pump (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the circulating water pipe (1).

6. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The upstream reservoir (2), the connecting trough (3) and the main experimental area (5) are all arranged on the same structural surface, and the bottom of the main experimental area (5) is fixed to the ground via a lifting shaft (15) and a movable hinge support (18).

7. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 6, characterized in that: An overflow weir (11) for controlling the water depth in the pool is arranged at the rear of the bottom plate (21) of the main experimental area (5).

8. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 7, characterized in that: A gate (12) is provided at the downstream outlet of the main experimental area (5).

9. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 8, characterized in that: A water supply pipe (20) is provided downstream of the main experimental area (5).

10. The generalized simulation research device for delta development law under the background of geological tectonic movement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The underwater topographic surveying instrument (10) is connected to a computer (19) via a signal line, and the camera (8) is connected to a camera control terminal (26) via a wireless signal.

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