Photovoltaic Four-in-One Integrated Terminal Sensing System and Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing system and method, which relates to the technical field of sensing control. The present invention includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation line topology formation module, a sensing analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module, and a remote control module; the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation line topology formation module is used to form the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation line topology of the target area; the sensing analysis module is used to predict the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation; the power supply distribution analysis module is used to analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation. The present invention takes the real-time photovoltaic power supply unabsorbed coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation as the real-time electricity consumption characteristic value of the substation users, simplifies the comparison and processing process of data, and is beneficial to ensuring the soft control and rigid control of the power supply distribution situation of the substation before the power supply equipment in the substation fails, and improves the sensing effect of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of perception control, and specifically to a photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal perception system and method. Background Art

[0002] The four-in-one fusion terminal refers to a four-in-one fusion circuit breaker, which is used to realize the measurement of electric energy, HPLC communication (HPLC communication (High-Speed Power Line Carrier Communication) is a communication technology that uses power lines as a data transmission medium, with characteristics such as high speed, reliability, and security), and the functions of photovoltaic observability, measurability, controllability, and adjustability. The four-in-one fusion terminal can perform data interaction with the photovoltaic inverter through RS-485 communication (RS-485 (also known as EIA-485) is an industrial standard serial communication protocol used to connect multiple devices. It is a half-duplex communication protocol that can transmit data between multiple devices), so as to realize the collaborative optimization of photovoltaic accommodation capacity.

[0003] Currently, when controlling the photovoltaic power supply situation in the target area through the circuit breaker, usually when reverse photovoltaic accommodation imbalance occurs in the target area, the photovoltaic power supply situation in the target area is controlled, but the control process of the circuit breaker is completed manually, which increases the control time of the photovoltaic power supply situation, and thus cannot ensure that the power supply equipment established in the target area is always in a non-fault state. In addition, in the prior art, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter cannot be accurately and effectively regulated, resulting in the situation of photovoltaic accommodation imbalance still existing in the regulated target area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal perception system and method to solve the problems proposed in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal perception system, which includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area line topology diagram formation module, a perception analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module, and a remote control module;

[0006] The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area line topology diagram formation module forms a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area line topology diagram of the target area according to the photovoltaic power generation terminals, perception control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electricity meters, photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminals, and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area;

[0007] The perception analysis module analyzes the photovoltaic power supply and accommodation balance situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area according to the electric energy data and electricity quantity data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in real time according to the analysis result;

[0008] The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible regulation time and rigid regulation time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminals.

[0009] The remote control module controls the working states of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal and the photovoltaic inverter remotely according to the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module.

[0010] Furthermore, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the intelligent electric energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the intelligent electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal through a cable;

[0011] The output ends of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal are connected to the input end of the distributed power source access unit through an RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power source access unit is used to collect the power quantity data and status data of the photovoltaic inverter, and the status data of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal. The power quantity data includes the active power, reactive power and power factor of the photovoltaic inverter. The status data is numerical value 1 or numerical value 0. When the status data is numerical value 1, it means that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal is in the working state. When the status data is numerical value 0, it means that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal is in the non-working state;

[0012] The output end of the intelligent electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection terminal through an RS-485 communication bus. The power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect the power energy data of the intelligent electric energy meter. The power energy data includes voltage, current and power factor;

[0013] The output ends of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power source access unit are connected to the input end of the perception control terminal through an RS-485 communication bus. The output end of the perception control terminal is connected to the input ends of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal respectively through an RS-485 communication bus.

[0014] Furthermore, the perception analysis module includes a reverse heavy overload analysis unit, a consumption analysis unit and a power supply danger analysis unit;

[0015] The reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power that can be utilized by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area and the power consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area according to the power energy data and power quantity data collected by the perception control terminal, and judges whether there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area according to the calculation results;

[0016] The accommodation analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-accommodation coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area;

[0017] The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area according to the real-time electricity consumption characteristic values of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area.

[0018] Further, the specific method for the reverse heavy overload analysis unit to calculate the photovoltaic electric energy X that can be utilized by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area and the electric energy Y consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is as follows:

[0019] Randomly select a monitoring time point W, and collect the electric energy data and electricity quantity data collected by the perception control terminal at an interval of time d;

[0020] Calculate the sum value S between the square of the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the square of the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W W Perform the calculation, and calculate the product of the square root of the sum value S W , the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W, and the time d to obtain the photovoltaic electric energy X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [W, W + d] [W,W+d] ;

[0021] Calculate the product H of the voltage U W , current I W , and power factor G W collected by the intelligent electricity meter at time W W Perform the calculation, and calculate the product of the product H W and the time d to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [W, W + d] [W,W+d] ;

[0022] If X [W,W+d] > Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [W, W + d];

[0023] If X [W,W+d] ≤Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [W, W + d].

[0024] Further, the specific method for the accommodation analysis unit to calculate the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-accommodation coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is as follows:

[0025] When there is reverse overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d], for the photovoltaic electric energy X [W,W+d] and the electric energy Y [W,W+d] calculate the difference V [W,W+d] between them. For the calculated difference V [W,W+d] and the photovoltaic electric energy X [W,W+d] calculate the ratio between them to obtain the non-consumed coefficient g of photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d] [W,W+d] , 0 < g [W,W+d] < 1;

[0026] When there is no reverse overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d], the non-consumed coefficient of photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d] is 0.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific method for the power supply risk analysis unit to predict the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area is as follows:

[0028] Take the non-consumed coefficient of photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d] as the electricity consumption characteristic value of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, W + d], and describe the historical electricity consumption characteristic values of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [W, t] in a rectangular coordinate system, where t represents the real-time time value;

[0029] In the rectangular coordinate system, find the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t]. The specific finding method is: Denote the nearest division time point as r, then the electricity consumption characteristic value of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area at the moment r - d is 0 and the electricity consumption characteristic values of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area during the time period [r, t] are all greater than 0;

[0030] Calculate the interval time h r→t between time r and time t, and calculate the ratio of the interval time h r→t to the continuous limit time Q of the photovoltaic power supply imbalance state to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area at the moment t t .

[0031] Furthermore, the power supply distribution analysis module includes a regulation type judgment unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit;

[0032] The regulation type judgment unit judges the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area at the moment t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area. When 0 < U t < 0.8, it is judged that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area at the moment t is flexible regulation. When 0.8 ≤ Ut When ≤1, the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is determined to be rigid regulation;

[0033] The power distribution analysis unit analyzes the power distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t and the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [td, t]. By performing soft control and rigid control on the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, it is beneficial to ensure that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is always in a stable working state.

[0034] Furthermore, the specific method for the power supply distribution analysis unit to analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is:

[0035] When the control type is determined to be flexible control:

[0036] The photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] Calculate according to X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] Determine the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period, and [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +Z 损 The ratio between the time d and the time t is calculated to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t. t , where Z 损 It refers to the power loss generated when the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal is transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area;

[0037] Photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] [t,t+d] =A: The active power adjustment value of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t The product of time d, at time t, the power supply of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t,t+d] ;

[0038] When the control type is determined to be rigid control:

[0039] At time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +B 损 , the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, among which, B 损It represents the power loss generated during the process of transmitting electric energy from the grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

[0040] Furthermore, when the remote control module determines that the regulation type is flexible control, at time t, it remotely regulates the active power of the photovoltaic inverter through the sensing control terminal, and the regulated active power value is A t ;

[0041] When the regulation type is determined to be rigid control, at time t, it remotely regulates the working state of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the regulated photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal is 0.

[0042] Photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing method, the method includes:

[0043] S10: According to the photovoltaic power generation terminal, sensing control terminal, electricity consumption information collection terminal, distributed power access unit, intelligent electricity meter, photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal and photovoltaic inverter established in the target area, form the line topology diagram of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the target area;

[0044] S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power consumption data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results;

[0045] S30: Search for the flexible regulation time and rigid regulation time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal;

[0046] S40: Remotely control the working states of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. The present invention predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area by analyzing the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. In this process, the real-time photovoltaic power supply unconsumed coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is used as the real-time electricity consumption characteristic value of the area users, which simplifies the data comparison and processing process, and is beneficial to ensuring the flexible control and rigid control of the power supply distribution situation of the area before the power supply equipment in the area fails, further improving the sensing effect of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion sensing terminal.

[0049] 2. The present invention determines the real-time regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area, and determines the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in the next time period according to the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminals in the station area, which is beneficial to avoiding the waste of photovoltaic energy and enabling rapid adaptive adjustment of the power supply distribution plan of the station area.

[0050] 3. According to the adjusted power supply distribution plan of the station area, the present invention remotely regulates the working states of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal and the photovoltaic inverter, enabling the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal and the photovoltaic inverter to have the function of remote switching on and off. This process does not require manual operation, which is beneficial to reducing the implementation time of the power supply distribution plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle structure of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing system of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0053] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides technical solutions for a photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing system and method. The photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal sensing system includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area line topology map formation module, a sensing analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module, and a remote control module;

[0055] The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area line topology map formation module forms a line topology map of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area of the target area according to the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminals, and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area;

[0056] The output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the smart electric energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the smart electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one fusion terminal through a cable;

[0057] The output terminals of the PV inverter and the PV four-in-one fusion terminal are connected to the input terminals of the distributed power access unit through the RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power access unit is used to collect the power quantity data and status data of the PV inverter, as well as the status data of the PV four-in-one fusion terminal. The power quantity data includes the active power, reactive power, and power factor of the PV inverter. The status data is either the numerical value 1 or the numerical value 0. When the status data is the numerical value 1, it indicates that the PV inverter or the PV four-in-one fusion terminal is in the working state. When the status data is the numerical value 0, it indicates that the PV inverter or the PV four-in-one fusion terminal is in the non-working state;

[0058] The output terminal of the smart energy meter is connected to the input terminal of the power consumption information collection terminal through the RS-485 communication bus. The power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect the power energy data of the smart energy meter. The power energy data includes voltage, current, and power factor;

[0059] The output terminals of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power access unit are connected to the input terminal of the perception control terminal through the RS-485 communication bus. The output terminal of the perception control terminal is connected to the input terminals of the PV inverter and the PV four-in-one fusion terminal respectively through the RS-485 communication bus;

[0060] The perception analysis module analyzes the PV power supply and consumption balance situation of the low-voltage distributed PV substation area according to the power energy data and power quantity data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the PV power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed PV substation area in real time according to the analysis results;

[0061] The perception analysis module includes a reverse overload analysis unit, a consumption analysis unit, and a power supply risk analysis unit;

[0062] The reverse overload analysis unit calculates the PV power energy that can be utilized by the low-voltage distributed PV substation area and the power energy consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed PV substation area according to the power energy data and power quantity data collected by the perception control terminal. The specific method is as follows:

[0063] Randomly select a monitoring time point W, and collect the power energy data and power quantity data collected by the perception control terminal at an interval of time d;

[0064] Calculate the sum value S between the square of the active power of the PV inverter at time point W and the square of the reactive power of the PV inverter at time point W W Perform the calculation, and calculate the product of the square root of the sum value S W the power factor of the PV inverter at time point W, and the three parameters of time d to obtain the PV power energy X generated by the low-voltage distributed PV substation area in the time period [W, W + d] [W,W+d] ;

[0065] , where γ 1W represents the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W;

[0066] Calculate the product H W of the voltage U W , current I W , and power factor G W collected by the smart electricity meter at time W, and calculate the product of the product H W and time d to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d] [W,W+d] , Y [W,W+d] = U W * I W * G W * d;

[0067] If X [W,W+d] > Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d];

[0068] If X [W,W+d] ≤ Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d];

[0069] The consumption analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area. The specific method is as follows:

[0070] When there is reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d], calculate the difference V [W,W+d] between the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] and the electric energy Y [W,W+d] , calculate the ratio of the calculated difference V [W,W+d] to the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] to obtain the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g [W,W+d] of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d], 0 < g [W,W+d] < 1;

[0071] When there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d], the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area during the time period [W, W + d] is 0;

[0072] The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area according to the real-time electricity consumption characteristic values of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area. The specific method is as follows:

[0073] Take the non-consumed coefficient of photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the time period [W, W + d] as the electricity consumption characteristic value of users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the time period [W, W + d]. Describe the historical electricity consumption characteristic values of users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the time period [W, t] in a rectangular coordinate system, where the abscissa of the rectangular coordinate system is time and the ordinate is the electricity consumption characteristic value. Here, t represents the real-time time value, 0 ≤ t - W ≤ 24, unit: hour;

[0074] In the rectangular coordinate system, find the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t]. The specific finding method is: Denote the nearest division time point as r. Then the electricity consumption characteristic value of users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at the moment r - d is 0 and the electricity consumption characteristic values of users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the time period [r, t] are all greater than 0;

[0075] Calculate the interval time h between time r and time t r→t Perform the calculation. For the interval time h r→t Calculate the ratio between the interval time h t and the continuous limit time Q of the photovoltaic power supply imbalance state to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t r→t . The photovoltaic power supply imbalance state refers to the state when the non-consumed coefficient of the photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is greater than 0. When the interval time h

[0076] The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible regulation time and the rigid regulation time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal;

[0077] The power supply distribution analysis module includes a regulation type judgment unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit;

[0078] The regulation type judgment unit judges the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. When 0 < U t < 0.8, judge that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is flexible regulation. When 0.8 ≤ U t ≤ 1, judge that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is rigid regulation;

[0079] The power supply distribution analysis unit analyzes the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [t, t + d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area at time t and the power generation situation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [t - d, t]. The specific method is as follows:

[0080] When it is determined that the regulation type is flexible regulation:

[0081] Calculate the photovoltaic electric energy X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [t - d, t] [t-d,t] and perform calculations , where L 1(t-d) represents the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time t - d, and L 2(t-d) represents the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time t - d, and γ 1(t-d) represents the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time t - d. Determine the electric energy consumed by the users of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [t - d, t] according to X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] , where g [t-d,t] represents the non-consumption coefficient of photovoltaic power supply in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [t - d, t]. Calculate the ratio between X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +Z 损 and time d to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t , where Z 损 represents the power loss generated during the process of the photovoltaic electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal being transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area;

[0082] The photovoltaic electric energy X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area in the time period [t, t + d] [t,t+d] is: the product of the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t and time d. At time t, the power supply amount of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is 0, and the power supply amount of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is X [t,t+d] ;

[0083] When it is determined that the regulation type is rigid regulation:

[0084] At time t, the power supply amount of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +B 损 , and the power supply amount of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic substation area is 0, where B 损It represents the power loss generated during the process of transmitting electric energy from the grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area.

[0085] The remote control module controls the working states of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter remotely according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module.

[0086] When the remote control module determines that the regulation type is flexible control, at time t, it remotely regulates the active power of the photovoltaic inverter through the sensing control terminal, and the regulated active power value is A. t ;

[0087] When the remote control module determines that the regulation type is rigid control, at time t, it remotely regulates the working state of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the regulated photovoltaic four-in-one terminal is 0.

[0088] A method for sensing a photovoltaic four-in-one terminal, the method includes:

[0089] S10: Based on the photovoltaic power generation terminal, sensing control terminal, power consumption information collection terminal, distributed power access unit, intelligent electricity meter, photovoltaic four-in-one terminal, and photovoltaic inverter established in the target area, form a line topology diagram of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in the target area.

[0090] S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply consumption balance situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area according to the electric energy data and power consumption data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in real time according to the analysis result.

[0091] S30: Search for the flexible regulation time and rigid regulation time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area, and analyze the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal.

[0092] S40: Control the working states of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter remotely according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area.

[0093] Embodiment 1: When it is determined that the regulation type is flexible regulation, assume that the photovoltaic electric energy X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in the time period [t - d, t] [t-d,t] = 1000 kWh, the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area in the time period [t - d, t] [t-d,t] = 0.2, and the power loss Z generated during the process of the photovoltaic electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal being transmitted from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area 损 = 6 kWh, d = 10 minutes, then:

[0094] The electric energy consumed by low - voltage distributed photovoltaic sub - area users during the time period [t - d, t] is: X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] =1000 - 1000 * 0.2 = 800 kWh;

[0095] The active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t =(X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +Z 损 ) / d = 4836 kW;

[0096] Therefore, at time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low - voltage distributed photovoltaic sub - area is 0, and the power supply from the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low - voltage distributed photovoltaic sub - area is 806 kWh.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system, characterized by: The system includes a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module, a perception analysis module, a power supply distribution analysis module and a remote control module; The low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map forming module forms a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area according to the photovoltaic power generation terminal, sensing control terminal, power consumption information collection terminal, distributed power supply access unit, smart electric energy meter, photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and photovoltaic inverter established in the target area; The perception analysis module analyzes the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and predicts the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results. The specific method is as follows: A monitoring time point W is randomly selected, and the electric energy data and electric quantity data collected by the sensing control terminal are collected at intervals d; The photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period is used as the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, W+d] time period, and the historical power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area users in the [W, t] time period is described in a rectangular coordinate system, where t represents the real-time time value; In the rectangular coordinate system, the nearest division time point of the time period [W, t] is searched. The specific search method is as follows: let the nearest division time point be r, then the power consumption characteristic value of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user at time rd is 0 and the power consumption characteristic values ​​of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area user in the [r, t] time period are all greater than 0; For the interval h between time r and time t r→t Calculate the interval time h r→t The ratio of the photovoltaic power supply unbalanced state to the continuous limit time Q is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply risk factor U of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t. t ; The power supply distribution analysis module is used to find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal. The specific method is as follows: When the control type is determined to be flexible control: The photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period [t-d,t] Calculate according to X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] Determine the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period, and [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +Z 损 The ratio between the time d and the time t is calculated to obtain the active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t. t , where Z 损 It represents the power loss generated during the transmission of photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic power generation terminal from the photovoltaic inverter to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic station area, g [t-d,t] It represents the photovoltaic power supply unabsorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [td, t] time period; Photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] [t,t+d] =A: The active power adjustment value A of the photovoltaic inverter at time t t The product of time d, at time t, the power supply of the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, and the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t,t+d] ; When the control type is determined to be rigid control: At time t, the power supply from the power grid terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is X [t-d,t] -X [t-d,t] *g [t-d,t] +B 损 , the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation terminal to the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is 0, among which, B 损 It indicates the power loss generated during the transmission of electric energy from the power grid terminal to the user side of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area; The remote control module remotely controls the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter according to the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area analyzed by the power supply distribution analysis module.

2. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output end of the photovoltaic power generation terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter through a cable, the output end of the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input end of the smart electric energy meter through a cable, and the output end of the smart electric energy meter is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through a cable; The output ends of the photovoltaic inverter and the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal are connected to the input end of the distributed power access unit through the RS-485 communication bus. The distributed power access unit is used to collect the power data and status data of the photovoltaic inverter and the status data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal. The power data includes the active power, reactive power and power factor of the photovoltaic inverter. The status data is a value of 1 or a value of 0. When the status data is a value of 1, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a working state. When the status data is a value of 0, it indicates that the photovoltaic inverter or the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is in a non-working state. The output end of the smart energy meter is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection terminal through an RS-485 communication bus, and the power consumption information collection terminal is used to collect power data of the smart energy meter, and the power data includes voltage, current and power factor; The output ends of the power consumption information collection terminal and the distributed power supply access unit are connected to the input end of the perception control terminal through the RS-485 communication bus, and the output end of the perception control terminal is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic inverter and the input end of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal through the RS-485 communication bus.

3. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The perception analysis module includes a reverse heavy overload analysis unit, a dissipation analysis unit and a power supply danger analysis unit; The reverse heavy overload analysis unit calculates the photovoltaic power that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the power data and power data collected by the perception control terminal, and determines whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the calculation results; The absorption analysis unit calculates the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the judgment result of the reverse heavy overload analysis unit on whether there is a reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area; The power supply risk analysis unit predicts the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the real-time power consumption characteristic values ​​of the users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area.

4. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The specific method for the reverse heavy overload analysis unit to calculate the photovoltaic power X that can be used by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area and the power Y consumed by the users of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: A monitoring time point W is randomly selected, and the electric energy data and electric quantity data collected by the sensing control terminal are collected at intervals d; The sum S of the square of the active power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the square of the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter at time W W Calculate and sum S W The square root of the power factor of the photovoltaic inverter at time W and the time d are used to calculate the photovoltaic power X generated by the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; The voltage U collected by the smart energy meter at time W W 、Current I W , power factor G W The product of these three parameters H W Calculate the product H W The product of time d is calculated to obtain the electric energy Y consumed by users in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [W, W+d]. [W,W+d] ; If X [W,W+d] >Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period; If X [W,W+d] ≤Y [W,W+d] , it is considered that there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period.

5. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific method for the absorption analysis unit to calculate the real-time photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area is: When the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area has a reverse heavy overload in the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] With electric energy Y [W,W+d] The difference between V [W,W+d] Calculate the difference V [W,W+d] Photovoltaic power X [W,W+d] The ratio between them is calculated to obtain the photovoltaic power supply non-consumption coefficient g of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the [W, W+d] time period. [W,W+d] , 0<g [W,W+d] <1; When there is no reverse heavy overload in the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period, the photovoltaic power supply non-absorption coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area during the [W, W+d] time period is 0.

6. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The power supply distribution analysis module includes a regulation type judgment unit and a power supply distribution analysis unit; The control type judgment unit judges the control type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t according to the real-time photovoltaic power supply risk coefficient of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area. t <0.8, it is judged that the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is flexible regulation. t When ≤1, the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t is determined to be rigid regulation; The power supply distribution analysis unit analyzes the power supply distribution situation of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in the time period [t, t+d] according to the regulation type of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area at time t and the power generation situation of the photovoltaic power generation terminal in the time period [td, t].

7. The photovoltaic four-in-one terminal sensing system according to claim 6 is characterized by: When the remote control module determines that the control type is flexible control, at time t, the active power of the photovoltaic inverter is remotely controlled through the sensing control terminal, and the active power value after control is A t ; When it is judged that the regulation type is rigid control, at time t, the working state of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal is remotely regulated through the sensing control terminal, and the state data of the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal after regulation is 0.

8. A photovoltaic four-integrated terminal sensing method applied to the photovoltaic four-integrated terminal sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10: Based on the photovoltaic power generation terminals, sensing control terminals, power consumption information collection terminals, distributed power access units, smart electric energy meters, photovoltaic four-in-one terminals and photovoltaic inverters established in the target area, a low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area line topology map of the target area is formed; S20: Analyze the photovoltaic power supply and consumption balance of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area according to the electric energy data and power data collected by the sensing control terminal, and predict the photovoltaic power supply risk factor of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in real time according to the analysis results; S30: Find the flexible control time and rigid control time of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, and analyze the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area in combination with the historical working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation terminal; S40: According to the power supply distribution of the low-voltage distributed photovoltaic area, remotely control the working status of the photovoltaic four-in-one terminal and the photovoltaic inverter.

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