Unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4 GHz channel

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on an AC mode inquiry response type 2.4 GHz channel, which relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles and comprises a management system, ground station equipment and airborne end equipment, each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to the unmanned aerial vehicles in the range by adopting a 2420MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode; when the airborne end equipment receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station equipment, a response signal is sent to the ground station equipment in a 2480MHz frequency band response mode, and the response signal is unmanned aerial vehicle identification data; the ground station device transmits the received unmanned aerial vehicle identification data to the management system, and the management system displays the unmanned aerial vehicle identification data in a management area, records the unmanned aerial vehicle operation data, and configures and displays the operation state of the whole unmanned aerial vehicle identification system. The technical problem that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle identification mode cannot accurately identify and manage the unmanned aerial vehicle is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular to a unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on a 2.4 GHz channel in an AC mode inquiry and response manner. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the low-altitude economy and the rapid development of drone technology, drones are being used more widely in all walks of life. However, with the rapid increase in drone users and usage scenarios, more and more drones are being used without supervision, and traditional drone identification methods cannot accurately identify the specific identity of drones. Therefore, while the current drone use and identification supervision methods bring convenience to society, they also bring some safety risks to society.

[0003] The current detection and identification technology of drones mostly adopts radio identification, which has the following disadvantages: 1. The traditional radio identification method mainly identifies the radio signal of the drone's image transmission module, but cannot identify the specific identity of the current drone; 2. The newer CRPC technology can only identify and crack the radio signals of certain models, and cannot accurately identify most drones; 3. The identification method using radio detection or radio cracking is prone to large identification errors and is prone to misidentification of other radio signals in space; 4. The current radio drone identification technology only supports the identification of a single drone and cannot systematically identify and manage drones. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a drone identification system based on a 2.4GHz channel of AC mode inquiry and response, so as to solve the technical problem that traditional drone identification methods cannot accurately identify and manage drones.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a UAV identification system based on a 2.4GHz channel of AC mode inquiry and response, including a management system, a ground station device and an airborne terminal device, wherein the airborne terminal device is installed on the UAV, and the management system deploys the number of ground station devices according to the coverage range and the management area requirements; Each ground station device uses the 2420MHz frequency band broadcast interrogation mode to periodically send interrogation signals to drones within range; When the airborne device receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 2480MHz frequency band response mode to send a response signal to the ground station device. The response signal is the drone identification data. The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification data to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

[0006] Further, the airborne terminal device includes a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the response signal; The first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low noise power amplification of the receiving and transmitting signals; The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; The first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of the received inquiry signal and generate a response baseband signal; The first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and identification of the inquiry signal and the data encoding of the response signal. It is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the current UAV's flight altitude and position information to the response identity code.

[0007] Further, the ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; Scanning transceiver antenna, using phased array antenna or mechanical scanning method, is used to achieve 360-degree horizontal omnidirectional interrogation signal transmission from the ground station and reception of response signals from the airborne end; The second transceiver component is used to switch the transceiver state and filter and amplify the signal; Amplifier components are used to achieve power amplification of the transmitted and received signals. Through power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is not less than 5km with the ground station as the center, and can be adjusted according to the required coverage range; The second frequency converter unit is used to realize up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; A second analog-to-digital conversion unit, used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of a received response signal and generation of an inquiry baseband signal; The second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the inquiry signal and the reception and demodulation of the response signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, the ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, and is used to generate standard time information after receiving Beidou signal demodulation, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

[0009] Furthermore, the software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the drone identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the drone flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, and parse the received drone identification data in real time; the user interface layer is used to display the drone identification data, the location information of the ground station equipment and the drone, and the working status information of the ground station equipment.

[0010] Furthermore, the user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) It can realize accurate identification of drones, further realize effective management of drones, and improve the flight safety of drones.

[0012] 2) The shared data interface can be used to monitor and manage the entire process of drones, from application to review to flight.

[0013] 3) Through the inquiry and response mechanism and compatibility with the operating frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder, the waste of space radio resources can be effectively reduced.

[0014] 4) Through the systematic management of drones, low-altitude airspace can be effectively managed and utilized, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of low-altitude airspace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the drone identification system; Figure 2 This is the system architecture diagram of the airborne equipment of the drone identification system; Figure 3 This is the system architecture diagram of the ground station equipment for the drone identification system; Figure 4 The block diagram of the software architecture for the drone identification system management. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A drone identification system based on a 2.4GHz channel of AC mode inquiry and response, including a management system, a ground station device and an airborne terminal device. The airborne terminal device is installed on the drone, and the management system deploys the number of ground station devices according to the coverage range and management area requirements; Each ground station device uses the 2420MHz frequency band broadcast interrogation mode to periodically send interrogation signals to drones within range; When the airborne device receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 2480MHz frequency band response mode to send a response signal to the ground station device. The response signal is the drone identification data. The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification data to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

[0018] The architecture diagram of the drone identification system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the ground station device can be single or multiple. There are multiple drones within the identification range of each ground station device, and each drone is equipped with an airborne terminal device.

[0019] The airborne terminal equipment mainly realizes the functions of receiving inquiry information from the ground station and transmitting response information, and has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption and anti-disassembly function. Figure 2 As shown, the airborne terminal device includes a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the reply signal; the first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low-noise power amplification of the receiving and transmitting signals; the first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; the first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the received interrogation signal and the generation of the reply baseband signal; the first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception, identification and data encoding of the interrogation signal, and is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the current UAV's flight altitude and position information to the reply identity code.

[0020] The first frequency converter unit operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band by default. By changing the frequency conversion parameters of the module, compatibility with the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder operating frequency band can be achieved, so that it can be directly connected to the current air traffic control system.

[0021] The identification system ground station equipment is deployed according to the identification management requirements. The ground station equipment mainly realizes the transmission of periodic inquiry signals and the reception and processing of airborne response signals, and provides the system time information unification function. Figure 3 As shown, the ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; The scanning transceiver antenna adopts a phased array antenna or a mechanical scanning method to realize the horizontal 360-degree all-round interrogation signal transmission of the ground station and the reception of the airborne response signal; the second transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the filtering and amplification of the signal; the power amplifier component is used to realize the power amplification of the transmission and reception signals. Through power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is not less than 5km with the ground station as the center, and can be adjusted according to the required coverage range; the second frequency converter unit is used to realize the up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and the down-conversion processing of the reception response signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; the second analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the reception response signal and the generation of the interrogation baseband signal; the second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the interrogation signal and the reception and demodulation of the response signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne terminal.

[0022] The second frequency converter unit in the ground station equipment and the first frequency converter unit in the airborne terminal equipment also operate in the 2.4GHz frequency band by default. By changing the frequency conversion parameters of the module, compatibility with the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder operating frequency band and air traffic control data can be achieved.

[0023] Furthermore, the ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, which is used to receive Beidou signals and demodulate them to generate standard time information, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

[0024] As the management software of the inquiry and response drone identification technology, the management system mainly realizes the background data management and user interaction functions. Figure 4 As shown, the software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer, and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the UAV identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the UAV flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, and parse the received UAV identification data in real time; the user interface layer is used to display the UAV identification data, the location information of the ground station equipment and the UAV, and the working status information of the ground station equipment.

[0025] Furthermore, the user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0026] The management system can receive the drone identification data output by the drone identification system ground station and parse the data in real time; the management system has a data display function, which can display the identified drone identity code and flight altitude information in a graphical manner; the management system has a real-time online map function, which can display the location information of a single or multiple ground stations of the deployed drone identification system and the real-time location information of the identified drones in real time; the management system has system configuration function and status display function, which can configure the working parameters of each ground station equipment and can display the working status of each ground station equipment in real time; the management system has data recording and playback functions, which can realize the data storage of identified drones, and can choose to playback the drone data for graphical playback display; the management system has a data sharing interface, which can realize the data sharing of the drone flight approval and review system, thereby realizing the full process management of pre-flight approval, in-flight identification management, and post-flight status management of drones within the management scope, thereby improving the utilization rate of airspace.

[0027] In an implementable embodiment, a dedicated wireless communication module or RFID chip operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band can be provided in the ground station equipment and the airborne terminal equipment to realize the drone identification method of the inquiry and response mechanism, and an external frequency conversion module can be used to achieve compatibility with the operating frequency of the existing air traffic control system.

[0028] The present invention adopts the AC query response mechanism to realize accurate identification of drones, which has the following beneficial effects: Through the inquiry and response mechanism, the inquiry and response frequencies are 2420MHz and 2480MHz respectively. Without occupying new radio frequency band resources, they can be directly compatible with the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder baseband signal through down-conversion, which can effectively reduce the waste of space radio resources; the A / C inquiry and response mechanism is adopted, and the Beidou signal source is used as the response data source. The UAV's identity code, flight altitude and other related parameters can be added to the response data. The working mechanism of the ground station's inquiry and airborne end response effectively reduces the power consumption of the airborne end and improves the airspace adaptation efficiency; through the shared data interface, the entire process of UAVs from approval to review to flight can be monitored and managed; through the systematic management of UAVs, the low-altitude airspace can be effectively managed and utilized, and the effective utilization rate of low-altitude airspace can be improved. It can realize the accurate identification of UAVs, further realize the effective management of UAVs, and improve the flight safety of UAVs; The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone identification system based on AC mode inquiry and response 2.4GHz channel, characterized by: It includes management system, ground station equipment and airborne terminal equipment. The airborne terminal equipment is installed on the drone. The management system deploys the number of ground station equipment according to the coverage and management area requirements. Each ground station device uses the 2420MHz frequency band broadcast interrogation mode to periodically send interrogation signals to drones within range; When the airborne device receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 2480MHz frequency band response mode to send a response signal to the ground station device. The response signal is the drone identification data. The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification data to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

2. The drone identification system based on the AC mode inquiry and response 2.4GHz channel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The airborne terminal device comprises a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the response signal; The first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low noise power amplification of the receiving and transmitting signals; The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; The first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of the received inquiry signal and generate a response baseband signal; The first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and identification of the inquiry signal and the data encoding of the response signal. It is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the current UAV's flight altitude and position information to the response identity code.

3. The drone identification system based on the AC mode inquiry and response 2.4GHz channel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; Scanning transceiver antenna, using phased array antenna or mechanical scanning method, is used to achieve 360-degree horizontal omnidirectional interrogation signal transmission from the ground station and reception of response signals from the airborne end; The second transceiver component is used to switch the transceiver state and filter and amplify the signal; Amplifier components are used to achieve power amplification of the transmitted and received signals. Through power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is not less than 5km with the ground station as the center, and can be adjusted according to the required coverage range; The second frequency converter unit is used to realize up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; A second analog-to-digital conversion unit, used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of a received response signal and generation of an inquiry baseband signal; The second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the inquiry signal and the reception and demodulation of the response signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne terminal.

4. The drone identification system based on the AC mode inquiry and response 2.4 GHz channel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, and is used to generate standard time information after receiving Beidou signal demodulation, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

5. The drone identification system based on the AC mode inquiry and response 2.4 GHz channel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the drone identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the drone flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, and parse the received drone identification data in real time; the user interface layer is used to display the drone identification data, the location information of the ground station equipment and the drone, and the working status information of the ground station equipment.

6. The drone identification system based on the AC mode inquiry and response 2.4 GHz channel according to claim 5 is characterized by: The user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

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