Forest tree breeding system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a forest tree breeding system and method, and belongs to the technical field of forest tree breeding. A forest tree breeding system comprises a base, two semicircular shells are movably arranged at the top of the base, a displacement assembly used for driving the two semicircular shells to move relatively is arranged on the base, a positioning assembly is arranged between the two semicircular shells, a breeding cavity used for forest tree breeding is defined by the two semicircular shells, and a material receiving plate is movably connected into the breeding cavity. Connecting frames are arranged on the two sides of the top of the material receiving plate, telescopic rods are arranged between the connecting frames and the base, supporting plates are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the base, lifting assemblies used for driving the connecting frames to ascend and descend are arranged on the supporting plates, and the lifting assemblies are connected with the displacement assemblies. According to the device, breeding soil and the breeding cavity can be rapidly separated, the soil can be kept in a relatively complete wrapping state, the position of a root system in the soil is stable, the root system is not prone to being cut off or pulled, and the breeding quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forest tree breeding, and in particular to a forest tree breeding system and method. Background Art

[0002] Forest tree breeding refers to the technology of genetically improving trees for a predetermined purpose. Its mechanism is to use the variation and differentiation of forest tree populations under natural or human influence to select, separate and breed groups or individuals that meet the purpose. The main approaches include introduction and domestication, provenance testing, selective breeding, hybrid breeding, and haploid and polyploid breeding.

[0003] When ornamental trees are being sold or a new round of breeding is underway, they may need to be planted in new media or pots. The breeding soil is tightly connected to the pots. During the transplanting process, most of the time, the soil and seedlings inside the breeding device are shoveled out with the help of external tools. This method is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also may cut off part of the seedling's roots when the shovel and other tools are inserted into the soil and prying. Damage to the root system will have an adverse effect on the subsequent growth of the seedling, which may reduce the survival rate after transplanting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a forest tree breeding system and method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A forest tree breeding system comprises a base, wherein two semicircular shells are movably provided on the top of the base, a displacement assembly for driving the two semicircular shells to move relative to each other is provided on the base, a positioning assembly is provided between the two semicircular shells, the two semicircular shells together form a breeding cavity for forest tree breeding, a material receiving plate is movably connected in the breeding cavity, connecting frames are provided on both sides of the top of the material receiving plate, a telescopic rod is provided between the connecting frame and the base, support plates are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the base, a lifting assembly for driving the connecting frame to lift is provided on the support plate, and the lifting assembly is connected to the displacement assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the displacement assembly includes a bidirectional screw rotatably connected to the base, a knob arranged at the end of the bidirectional screw, two sleeves threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw, and a connecting piece for connecting the sleeve and the semicircular shell, and the two sleeves move relative to each other in the axial direction of the bidirectional screw.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting member includes a pneumatic telescopic tube fixedly connected to the sleeve and a connecting seat connected to one end of the pneumatic telescopic tube away from the sleeve, the connecting seat is slidably connected between the bidirectional screw and the base, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the semicircular shell.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes an insertion rod fixed on one of the semicircular shells, a slot matching the insertion rod is provided on the other semicircular shell, a pneumatic chamber is provided in the insertion rod, a piston plate is slidably connected in the pneumatic chamber, a first elastic element is provided between the piston plate and the inner wall of the pneumatic chamber, a second elastic element is provided at one end of the piston plate away from the first elastic element, a positioning block slidably connected to the insertion rod is connected to the bottom of the second elastic element, an extrusion slope is provided on the positioning block, and a positioning groove matching the positioning block is provided on the inner wall of the slot.

[0009] Preferably, an air guide tube is connected to the pneumatic telescopic tube, and one end of the air guide tube away from the pneumatic telescopic tube passes through the semicircular shell and is communicated with the pneumatic cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the pneumatic telescopic tube includes an outer tube connected to the sleeve, a piston block movably connected to the outer tube, a third elastic element arranged between the piston block and the inner wall of the outer tube, and an inner rod fixedly connected to the piston block, the inner rod is connected to the connecting seat, and the air guide tube is connected to the rodless cavity of the outer tube.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lifting screw rotatably connected to the support plate, the lifting screw is threadedly connected to a threaded square tube slidingly connected to the semicircular shell, the threaded square tube is connected to a connecting frame, a secondary bevel gear is arranged at the bottom of the lifting screw, and a main bevel gear meshing with the secondary bevel gear is arranged on the bidirectional screw.

[0012] Preferably, a conical bucket is provided on the top of the semicircular shell, a movable groove matching with the threaded square tube is opened on the conical bucket, and a baffle is provided at the movable groove of the conical bucket.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting frame includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the material receiving plate, a connecting plate fixedly arranged on the top of the connecting rod, and an elastic telescopic tube arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate, wherein one end of the elastic telescopic tube away from the connecting plate is connected to the threaded square tube, and the connecting plate is connected to the telescopic rod.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a forest tree breeding method, which is carried out by applying a forest tree breeding system, and further comprises the following steps: S1: When a new round of breeding is needed, the knob is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw to rotate on the base, and the two sleeves move away from each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw, and the sleeves no longer squeeze the pneumatic telescopic tube. The pneumatic telescopic tube is restored, and the first elastic element pulls the piston plate upward, so that the piston plate drives the positioning block upward through the second elastic element, so that the positioning block is no longer clamped to the positioning groove of the other semicircular shell, and there is no restriction between the two semicircular shells; S2: When the bidirectional screw rotates, the main bevel gear meshes with the secondary bevel gear on the lifting screw to transmit, and the threaded square tube moves upward along the axial direction of the lifting screw. Since the breeding soil is tightly connected to the inner wall of the semicircular shell, the threaded square tube squeezes the elastic telescopic tube when it moves upward, and the elastic telescopic tube is compressed; S3: As the bidirectional screw continues to rotate, the sleeve drives the connecting seat to move through the restored pneumatic telescopic tube, so that the connecting seats on both sides of the bidirectional screw drive the semicircular shells connected to each other to move away from each other, so that the inner wall of the semicircular shell is separated from the breeding soil; S4: Then the threaded square tube drives the material receiving plate to move upward through the elastic telescopic tube and the connecting frame, so that the material receiving plate drives the breeding soil and the breeding trees to move upward, and the staff removes the breeding soil and the breeding trees on the material receiving plate on the upper side of the semicircular shell; S5: The staff then rotates the bidirectional screw in the opposite direction to allow the semicircular shells on both sides to close again to form a breeding cavity. According to the soil planting height of the breeding trees, the receiving plate is moved down to the specified height position of the breeding cavity to plant and breed the new breeding trees.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a forest tree breeding system and method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The tree breeding system and method controls the operation of the displacement component so that the displacement component moves the two semicircular shells away from each other, so that the breeding soil is automatically separated from the inner wall of the breeding cavity, reducing the difficulty of removing the breeding soil and the breeding trees from the breeding cavity. The soil can maintain a relatively complete wrapping state, so that the position of the root system in the soil is relatively stable and not easily cut or pulled, thereby ensuring the breeding quality.

[0016] 2. The tree breeding system and method drives the lifting component to move when the displacement component is working. After the semicircular shells on both sides move away from each other, the lifting component drives the material receiving plate to move up through the connecting frame, so that the breeding soil and the breeding trees are moved to the upper side of the semicircular shells, thereby making it convenient for the staff to remove the breeding soil, reducing the difficulty of breeding transplanting and improving the efficiency of breeding transplanting.

[0017] 3. The tree breeding system and method uses the meshing between gears to drive the lifting screw to rotate through the bidirectional screw. After the sleeve drives the two semicircular shells to abut against each other through the connecting piece, when the receiving plate has not moved to the specified height, the bidirectional screw is continued to be driven to rotate to ensure that the lifting screw continues to work, so that the sleeve squeezes the pneumatic telescopic tube and the positioning component automatically works to position the two semicircular shells. When the receiving plate moves down to the specified height, the rotation of the bidirectional screw is stopped, so that the soil planting depth of the breeding cavity can meet the use requirements at this time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a semicircular shell of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure when two semicircular shells of the present invention are connected; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pneumatic telescopic tube of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, base; 2, semicircular shell; 201, slot; 2011, positioning slot; 3, breeding chamber; 4, material receiving plate; 5, connecting frame; 501, connecting rod; 502, connecting plate; 503, elastic telescopic tube; 6, telescopic rod; 7, support plate; 8, bidirectional screw; 801, knob; 802, sleeve; 803, main bevel gear; 9, connecting piece; 901, pneumatic telescopic tube; 9011, outer tube; 90 12. Piston block; 9013. Third elastic element; 9014. Inner rod; 902. Connecting seat; 10. Insert rod; 11. Pneumatic chamber; 111. Piston plate; 112. First elastic element; 113. Second elastic element; 114. Positioning block; 12. Air guide tube; 13. Lifting screw; 131. Threaded square tube; 132. Auxiliary bevel gear; 14. Conical bucket; 141. Movable groove; 142. Baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] Example: Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 A forest tree breeding system includes a base 1, two semicircular shells 2 are movably provided on the top of the base 1, a displacement component for driving the two semicircular shells 2 to move relative to each other is provided on the base 1, a positioning component is provided between the two semicircular shells 2, the two semicircular shells 2 are combined to form a breeding cavity 3 for forest tree breeding, a material receiving plate 4 is movably connected in the breeding cavity 3, connecting frames 5 are provided on both sides of the top of the material receiving plate 4, a telescopic rod 6 is provided between the connecting frame 5 and the base 1, support plates 7 are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the base 1, and a lifting component for driving the connecting frame 5 to move up and down is provided on the support plate 7, and the lifting component is connected to the displacement component.

[0024] Specifically, when a new round of breeding is needed, the staff controls the movement of the displacement component so that the displacement component moves the two semicircular shells 2 away from each other, so that the breeding soil is automatically separated from the inner wall of the breeding cavity 3, reducing the difficulty of removing the breeding soil and breeding trees from the breeding cavity 3, and the soil can maintain a relatively complete wrapped state, so that the position of the root system in the soil is relatively stable and not easily cut or strained, thereby ensuring the breeding quality; when the displacement component is working, it drives the lifting component to move, and after the semicircular shells 2 on both sides move away from each other, the lifting component drives the receiving plate 4 to move upward through the connecting frame 5, so that the breeding soil and breeding trees are moved to the upper side of the semicircular shells 2, thereby facilitating the staff to remove the breeding soil, reducing the difficulty of breeding transplanting, and improving the efficiency of breeding transplanting.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the displacement assembly includes a bidirectional screw 8 rotatably connected to the base 1, a knob 801 arranged at the end of the bidirectional screw 8, two sleeves 802 threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw 8, and a connecting piece 9 for connecting the sleeve 802 and the semicircular shell 2, and the two sleeves 802 move relative to each other in the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 8; specifically, when the displacement assembly is working, by rotating the knob 801, the knob 801 drives the bidirectional screw 8 to rotate on the base 1, and the two sleeves 802 move away from or close to each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 8, thereby realizing the encirclement or separation of the two semicircular shells 2.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting member 9 includes a pneumatic telescopic tube 901 fixedly connected to the sleeve 802 and a connecting seat 902 connected to one end of the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 away from the sleeve 802. The connecting seat 902 is slidably connected between the bidirectional screw 8 and the base 1, and the connecting seat 902 is fixedly connected to the semicircular shell 2.

[0027] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes an insertion rod 10 fixed on one of the semicircular shells 2, a slot 201 matching the insertion rod 10 is opened on the other semicircular shell 2, a pneumatic chamber 11 is opened in the insertion rod 10, a piston plate 111 is slidably connected in the pneumatic chamber 11, a first elastic element 112 is arranged between the piston plate 111 and the inner wall of the pneumatic chamber 11, a second elastic element 113 is arranged at one end of the piston plate 111 away from the first elastic element 112, a positioning block 114 slidably connected to the insertion rod 10 is connected to the bottom of the second elastic element 113, an extrusion slope is opened on the positioning block 114, and a positioning groove 2011 matching the positioning block 114 is opened on the inner wall of the slot 201.

[0028] Furthermore, the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 is connected to an air guide tube 12 , and one end of the air guide tube 12 away from the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 passes through the semicircular shell 2 and is communicated with the pneumatic cavity 11 .

[0029] Furthermore, the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 includes an outer tube 9011 connected to the sleeve 802, a piston block 9012 movably connected in the outer tube 9011, a third elastic element 9013 arranged between the piston block 9012 and the inner wall of the outer tube 9011, and an inner rod 9014 fixedly connected to the piston block 9012, the inner rod 9014 is connected to the connecting seat 902, and the air guide tube 12 is connected to the rodless cavity of the outer tube 9011.

[0030] Specifically, by rotating the bidirectional screw 8, the two sleeves 802 approach each other along the bidirectional screw 8, and the sleeve 802 drives the connecting seat 902 to move through the pneumatic telescopic tube 901, and the connecting seat 902 drives the semicircular shells 2 to approach each other. After the two semicircular shells 2 abut against each other, the insertion rod 10 is inserted into the slot 201. At this time, the lifting assembly has not yet moved the receiving plate 4 down to the predetermined position through the connecting frame 5. The bidirectional screw 8 continues to rotate, and the sleeve 802 squeezes the pneumatic telescopic tube 901. The air inside the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 is introduced into the pneumatic cavity 11 through the air guide tube 12. The air in the pneumatic cavity 11 squeezes the piston plate 111, and the piston plate 111 drives the positioning block 114 to move and insert the positioning block 114 into the positioning groove 2011, so as to achieve locking between the two semicircular shells 2. After the receiving plate 4 moves down to the predetermined position, the bidirectional screw 8 stops rotating; When a new round of breeding is needed, the knob 801 is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw 8 to rotate on the base 1, and the two sleeves 802 move away from each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 8. The sleeve 802 no longer squeezes the pneumatic telescopic tube 901, and the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 recovers. The first elastic element 112 pulls the piston plate 111 upward, so that the piston plate 111 drives the positioning block 114 to move upward through the second elastic element 113, so that the positioning block 114 is no longer engaged with the positioning groove 2011 of the other semicircular shell 2, and there is no restriction between the two semicircular shells 2, so that the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2 is separated from the breeding soil.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes a lifting screw 13 rotatably connected to the support plate 7, the lifting screw 13 is threadedly connected to a threaded square tube 131 slidably connected to the semicircular shell 2, the threaded square tube 131 is connected to the connecting frame 5, a secondary bevel gear 132 is provided at the bottom of the lifting screw 13, and a main bevel gear 803 meshing with the secondary bevel gear 132 is provided on the bidirectional screw 8.

[0032] Furthermore, the connecting frame 5 includes a connecting rod 501 fixedly connected to the material receiving plate 4, a connecting plate 502 fixedly arranged on the top of the connecting rod 501, and an elastic telescopic tube 503 arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate 502, and the end of the elastic telescopic tube 503 away from the connecting plate 502 is connected to the threaded square tube 131, and the connecting plate 502 is connected to the telescopic rod 6.

[0033] Specifically, when the bidirectional screw 8 rotates, the main bevel gear 803 engages with the secondary bevel gear 132 on the lifting screw 13 for transmission, and the threaded square tube 131 moves upward along the axial direction of the lifting screw 13. Since the breeding soil is tightly connected to the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2, the threaded square tube 131 will squeeze the elastic telescopic tube 503 when it moves upward, and the elastic telescopic tube 503 is compressed. As the bidirectional screw 8 continues to rotate, the sleeve 802 drives the connecting seat 902 to move through the restored pneumatic telescopic tube 901, so that the connecting seats 902 on both sides of the bidirectional screw 8 drive the semicircular shells 2 connected to each other away from each other, so that the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2 is separated from the breeding soil. At this time, the breeding soil is no longer tightly connected to the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2, and then the threaded square tube 131 drives the receiving plate 4 to move upward through the elastic telescopic tube 503 and the connecting frame 5, so that the receiving plate 4 drives the breeding soil and breeding trees to move upward, and the staff removes the breeding soil and breeding trees on the receiving plate 4 on the upper side of the semicircular shell 2, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a conical bucket 14 is provided on the top of the semicircular shell 2, and a movable groove 141 matching the threaded square tube 131 is opened on the conical bucket 14, and a baffle 142 is provided at the movable groove 141 of the conical bucket 14; specifically, by arranging the conical bucket 14 on the upper side of the semicircular shell 2, it is convenient for the soil and water planted during breeding to automatically slide down the conical bucket 14 into the breeding cavity 3, thereby preventing the soil and water from scattering on the base 1, and the baffle 142 can effectively resist the soil or water, thereby preventing the soil or water from falling from the movable groove 141.

[0035] The present invention also discloses a forest tree breeding method, which is carried out by applying a forest tree breeding system, and further comprises the following steps: S1: When a new round of breeding is needed, the knob 801 is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw 8 to rotate on the base 1, and the two sleeves 802 move away from each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 8, and the sleeve 802 no longer squeezes the pneumatic telescopic tube 901, and the pneumatic telescopic tube 901 recovers, and the first elastic element 112 pulls the piston plate 111 upward, so that the piston plate 111 drives the positioning block 114 to move upward through the second elastic element 113, so that the positioning block 114 is no longer engaged with the positioning groove 2011 of the other semicircular shell 2, and there is no restriction between the two semicircular shells 2; S2: When the bidirectional screw 8 rotates, the main bevel gear 803 meshes with the secondary bevel gear 132 on the lifting screw 13, and the threaded square tube 131 moves upward along the axial direction of the lifting screw 13. Since the breeding soil is tightly connected to the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2, the threaded square tube 131 squeezes the elastic telescopic tube 503 when it moves upward, and the elastic telescopic tube 503 is compressed; S3: As the bidirectional screw 8 continues to rotate, the sleeve 802 drives the connecting seat 902 to move through the restored pneumatic telescopic tube 901, so that the connecting seats 902 on both sides of the bidirectional screw 8 drive the semicircular shells 2 connected to each other to move away from each other, so that the inner wall of the semicircular shell 2 is separated from the breeding soil; S4: Then the threaded square tube 131 drives the receiving plate 4 to move upward through the elastic telescopic tube 503 and the connecting frame 5, so that the receiving plate 4 drives the breeding soil and the breeding trees to move upward, and the staff removes the breeding soil and the breeding trees on the receiving plate 4 on the upper side of the semicircular shell 2; S5: Then the staff rotates the bidirectional screw 8 in the opposite direction to make the semicircular shells 2 on both sides close together to form the breeding cavity 3. According to the soil planting height of the breeding trees, the receiving plate 4 is moved down to the specified height position of the breeding cavity 3 to plant and breed the new breeding trees.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest tree breeding system, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: Two semicircular shells (2) are movably arranged on the top of the base (1); a displacement assembly for driving the two semicircular shells (2) to move relative to each other is arranged on the base (1); a positioning assembly is arranged between the two semicircular shells (2); the two semicircular shells (2) are combined to form a breeding cavity (3) for tree breeding; a material receiving plate (4) is movably connected in the breeding cavity (3); connecting frames (5) are arranged on both sides of the top of the material receiving plate (4); a telescopic rod (6) is arranged between the connecting frame (5) and the base (1); support plates (7) are arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the base (1); a lifting assembly for driving the connecting frame (5) to move up and down is arranged on the support plate (7); the lifting assembly is connected to the displacement assembly.

2. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement assembly comprises a bidirectional screw (8) rotatably connected to a base (1), a knob (801) arranged at the end of the bidirectional screw (8), two sleeves (802) threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw (8), and a connecting piece (9) for connecting the sleeves (802) and the semicircular shell (2), wherein the two sleeves (802) move relative to each other in the axial direction of the bidirectional screw (8).

3. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting member (9) comprises a pneumatic telescopic tube (901) fixedly connected to the sleeve (802) and a connecting seat (902) connected to one end of the pneumatic telescopic tube (901) away from the sleeve (802); the connecting seat (902) is slidably connected between the bidirectional screw (8) and the base (1); and the connecting seat (902) is fixedly connected to the semicircular shell (2).

4. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning assembly comprises an insertion rod (10) fixed on one of the semicircular shells (2); a slot (201) matching with the insertion rod (10) is provided on the other semicircular shell (2); a pneumatic chamber (11) is provided in the insertion rod (10); a piston plate (111) is slidably connected in the pneumatic chamber (11); a first elastic element (112) is provided between the piston plate (111) and the inner wall of the pneumatic chamber (11); a second elastic element (113) is provided at one end of the piston plate (111) away from the first elastic element (112); a positioning block (114) slidably connected with the insertion rod (10) is connected to the bottom of the second elastic element (113); an extrusion inclined surface is provided on the positioning block (114); and a positioning groove (2011) matching with the positioning block (114) is provided on the inner wall of the slot (201).

5. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pneumatic telescopic tube (901) is connected to an air guide tube (12), and one end of the air guide tube (12) away from the pneumatic telescopic tube (901) passes through the semicircular shell (2) and is in communication with the pneumatic cavity (11).

6. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pneumatic telescopic tube (901) comprises an outer tube (9011) connected to the sleeve (802), a piston block (9012) movably connected inside the outer tube (9011), a third elastic element (9013) disposed between the piston block (9012) and the inner wall of the outer tube (9011), and an inner rod (9014) fixedly connected to the piston block (9012); the inner rod (9014) is connected to the connecting seat (902); and the air guide tube (12) and the rodless cavity of the outer tube (9011) are in communication with each other.

7. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a lifting screw (13) rotatably connected to a support plate (7); a threaded square tube (131) is threadedly connected to the lifting screw (13) and is slidably connected to the semicircular shell (2); the threaded square tube (131) is connected to a connecting frame (5); a secondary bevel gear (132) is arranged at the bottom of the lifting screw (13); and a main bevel gear (803) meshing with the secondary bevel gear (132) is arranged on the bidirectional screw (8).

8. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A conical bucket (14) is provided at the top of the semicircular shell (2), a movable groove (141) matching with the threaded square tube (131) is provided on the conical bucket (14), and a baffle (142) is provided at the movable groove (141) of the conical bucket (14).

9. A forest tree breeding system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting frame (5) comprises a connecting rod (501) fixedly connected to the material receiving plate (4), a connecting plate (502) fixedly arranged on the top of the connecting rod (501), and an elastic telescopic tube (503) arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate (502), wherein one end of the elastic telescopic tube (503) away from the connecting plate (502) is connected to the threaded square tube (131), and the connecting plate (502) is connected to the telescopic rod (6).

10. A method for breeding trees by applying a forest tree breeding system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1: When a new round of breeding is required, the knob (801) is rotated so that the knob (801) drives the bidirectional screw (8) to rotate on the base (1), and the two sleeves (802) move away from each other along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw (8), and the sleeve (802) no longer squeezes the pneumatic telescopic tube (901). The pneumatic telescopic tube (901) is restored, and the first elastic element (112) pulls the piston plate (111) upward, so that the piston plate (111) drives the positioning block (114) upward through the second elastic element (113), so that the positioning block (114) is no longer engaged with the positioning groove (2011) of the other semicircular shell (2), and the two semicircular shells (2) are no longer restricted; S2: When the bidirectional screw (8) rotates, the main bevel gear (803) and the secondary bevel gear (132) on the lifting screw (13) mesh and transmit, and the threaded square tube (131) moves upward along the axial direction of the lifting screw (13). Since the breeding soil and the inner wall of the semicircular shell (2) are tightly connected, the threaded square tube (131) squeezes the elastic telescopic tube (503) when it moves upward, and the elastic telescopic tube (503) is compressed; S3: As the bidirectional screw (8) continues to rotate, the sleeve (802) drives the connecting seat (902) to move through the restored pneumatic telescopic tube (901), so that the connecting seats (902) on both sides of the bidirectional screw (8) drive the semicircular shells (2) connected to each other to move away from each other, so that the inner wall of the semicircular shell (2) is separated from the breeding soil; S4: The threaded square tube (131) then drives the material receiving plate (4) to move upward through the elastic telescopic tube (503) and the connecting frame (5), so that the material receiving plate (4) drives the breeding soil and the breeding trees to move upward, and the staff removes the breeding soil and the breeding trees on the material receiving plate (4) from the upper side of the semicircular shell (2); S5: The staff then rotates the bidirectional screw (8) in the opposite direction, so that the semicircular shells (2) on both sides are closed again to form a breeding cavity (3). According to the soil planting height of the breeding trees, the receiving plate (4) is moved down to a designated height position of the breeding cavity (3) to plant and breed the new breeding trees.

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