Device and method for promoting individual growth and plant configuration construction of phoebe bournei seedlings

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shading devices, and discloses a device and method for promoting phoebe bournei seedling individual growth and plant configuration construction, the device comprises a front support, a rear support and an overturning dimming plate, the overturning dimming plate is rotatably connected with the front support and the rear support, and a rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the overturning dimming plate; the turnover dimming plate comprises a transparent plate and two shading net plates hinged to the two sides of the upper portion of the transparent plate, hinge shafts between the shading net plates and the transparent plate are parallel to the length direction of the transparent plate, and when the transparent plate is in an upright state, the shading net plates are attached to the upper surface of the transparent plate and can be turned upwards and outwards around the hinge shafts. The maximum turning angle of the shading net plate relative to the transparent plate is smaller than 90 degrees. The shading net plate and the transparent plate have various position relations and correspond to various shading rates, so that the shading rate of the device can be conveniently adjusted, and the shading rate of phoebe bournei seedling cultivation can be flexibly adjusted according to weather and illumination conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shading devices, and in particular relates to a device and a method for promoting individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and plant configuration construction. Background Art

[0002] Phoebe bournei is a second-level protected tree species unique to my country. It belongs to the genus Phoebe in the Lauraceae family and is a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved tree. It grows mostly in environments with fertile soil, good drainage, warm and humid climates. It has a straight trunk, dense crown, a developed root system, and strong soil and water conservation functions. Its excellent material is well-known both at home and abroad. It is the first choice for high-end furniture, precision molds and precious carvings. From the perspective of forestry production and environmental protection, it is an excellent and precious tree species with both economic value and ecological benefits in subtropical and tropical regions.

[0003] With the large-scale application of Phoebe bournei in the construction of national reserve forest bases and other projects, the cultivation area of ​​Phoebe bournei plantations has begun to increase continuously, but the seedling cultivation and afforestation technology is still relatively backward and has not formed a certain system. Studies have found that Phoebe bournei has strong shade tolerance when it is young and is suitable for growing under certain shading conditions. The biomass accumulation of Phoebe bournei seedlings grown under forest windows is significantly higher than that under the forest and in the forest. Promoting the rapid growth of Phoebe bournei into forest and timber through reasonable shading has become a key issue in the cultivation of Phoebe bournei under the forest.

[0004] Currently, when shading Phoebe bournei seedlings, a shade net with a certain shading rate is generally set up above the seedlings. However, the shading rate of the shade net is relatively fixed, and it is not convenient to make reasonable adjustments on sunny days (sufficient light) and cloudy days (insufficient light). Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, which is convenient for adjusting the shading rate according to weather conditions and promoting the growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe chinensis seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, comprising a front bracket and a rear bracket, a plurality of long rectangular flip dimming plates are set up between the front bracket and the rear bracket, the plurality of flip dimming plates are arranged in parallel, the area surrounded by the front bracket, the rear bracket and the flip dimming plates is a seedling planting area, the flip dimming plates are rotatably connected to the front bracket and the rear bracket, the rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the flip dimming plates, the flip dimming plates comprise a transparent plate and two shade mesh plates hinged on both sides above the transparent plate, the hinge axis between the shade mesh plate and the transparent plate is parallel to the length direction of the transparent plate, when the transparent plate is in an upright state, the shade mesh plate is attached to the upper surface of the transparent plate, the shade mesh plate can be flipped upward and outward around the hinge axis, and the maximum flipping angle of the shade mesh plate relative to the transparent plate is less than 90°.

[0008] Preferably, the front end of the transparent plate is rotatably connected to the front bracket via a rotating shaft, and the rear end of the transparent plate is rotatably connected to the rear bracket via a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected to a worm gear, and the front bracket and the rear bracket are each provided with an electric worm, which meshes with all the worm gears at their ends.

[0009] Preferably, the front bracket is lower than the rear bracket, and the flip dimming plate is arranged with the front lower and the rear higher.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of both sides of the transparent plate are provided with guide convex strips along the length direction of the plate body. When the flip dimming plate is in the upright state, rainwater flowing down from between two adjacent flip dimming plates can slide to the front end through the guide convex strips.

[0011] Preferably, the free side edge of the shade mesh is wavy, and when the flip dimming plate is in an inverted state, rainwater flowing down from between two adjacent flip dimming plates can be dispersed and fall on the wavy edge of the shade mesh.

[0012] Preferably, a windshield convex strip is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the transparent plate along the length direction of the plate body, and the windshield convex strip separates the two shade mesh panels on the transparent plate.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a method for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, using the above-mentioned device for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, and further comprising:

[0014] Promoting the individual growth and plant structure construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings through reasonable shading;

[0015] The Phoebe bournei plants are cultivated in the seedling planting area, and the shading rate of the flip dimming board is adjusted by rotating the flip dimming board, thereby adjusting the light conditions of the plants;

[0016] The shade mesh is made of materials with a high shading rate. When the transparent plate is in an upright state, the shade mesh covers the transparent plate, and the overall shading rate is high at this time. When the transparent plate is in an inverted state, the shade mesh sags due to gravity and is close to being upright, and the overall shading rate is low at this time. Other angles and postures of the transparent plate also correspond to a certain overall shading rate.

[0017] When there is sufficient light, increase the shading rate appropriately. When there is insufficient light, lower the shading rate appropriately.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The device of the present invention is formed by supporting the flip dimming plate with the front bracket and the rear bracket. The flip dimming plate can be in different angles by rotating, and the shade mesh plate and the transparent plate have a variety of positional relationships, corresponding to a variety of shading rates, so that the shading rate of the device can be conveniently adjusted, which is conducive to flexibly adjusting the shading rate of Phoebe bournei seedling cultivation according to weather and light conditions;

[0020] 2. In the device of the present invention, guide convex strips are arranged on the edge of the transparent plate, and the movable side edge of the shade mesh plate is a wavy edge, so that on rainy days, it can be selected whether to use rainwater for appropriate irrigation according to actual conditions. When the transparent plate is placed upright, rainwater can flow along the guide convex strips; when the transparent plate is placed inverted, rainwater can drip from the wavy edge of the shade mesh plate to the seedling planting area below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a side view of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a top view of the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the flip dimming board;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the middle line AA (the dimming plate is turned over and placed upright);

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted dimming board;

[0027] Figure 7 1. It is a schematic diagram of the tilted state of the flip dimming board;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical state of the flip dimming board;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a statistical chart comparing the growth differences of young Phoebe bournei trees under different shading intensities;

[0030] Fig.10 This is a statistical comparison of the differences in photosynthetic pigment content in leaves of young Phoebe bournei trees at different canopies;

[0031] Fig.11 This is a statistical comparison of the differences in photosynthetic indexes of Phoebe bournei leaves at different canopies with different shading intensities;

[0032] Fig.12 This is a statistical diagram of the differences in chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Phoebe bournei leaves in different canopies at different shading intensities.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Front bracket; 2. Rear bracket; 3. Flip dimming board; 31. Transparent board; 311. Wind shield convex strip; 312. Diversion convex strip; 313. Limit strip one; 32. Shade mesh plate; 321. Limit strip two; 4. Worm gear; 5. Electric worm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and equipment used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the embodiments are conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] First, the study selected two-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings and allowed them to grow in four different shading environments for two years. By studying the leaf traits of different canopies, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Phoebe bournei saplings, the aim was to reveal the response of photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics and biomass allocation of Phoebe bournei saplings to different light environments.

[0037] 1 Materials and methods

[0038] 1.1 Overview of the test site

[0039] The experimental area is located in the seedling breeding experimental base of the Subtropical Forestry Experimental Center of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (hereinafter referred to as the Subtropical Forestry Center) in Fenyi County, Jiangxi Province, with geographical coordinates of 114°39′28″E, 27°49′09″N. The area has a subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 17.2℃, an extreme high temperature of 40.1℃ in summer, an annual precipitation of more than 1500mm, and most of the rainfall is concentrated in spring and summer. The annual sunshine duration is about 1535h, and the annual frost-free period is 265d.

[0040] 1.2 Trial laying

[0041] In February 2021, two-year-old Phoebe fujianensis container seedlings with basically the same growth were selected as test materials (average plant height 56.0cm, average ground diameter 6.30mm), and the container seedlings were transplanted into non-woven substrate bags with a diameter of 20*30cm. The cultivation soil was derived from the 0-20cm layer of soil under the natural forest of Phoebe fujianensis in Changbu Forest Farm of Yalin Center, with an organic matter content of 16.45g / kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 43.84mg / kg, available phosphorus 4.19mg / kg, available potassium 59.72mg / kg, and pH value 4.89. Different types of shade nets (made of 100% polyolefin) produced by Shanghai Swenson Company were used to shade Phoebe fujianensis, with shading rates of 75%, 50% and 25%, and 0% shading rate as a control. During the experiment, all seedlings were uniformly managed for water and fertilizer, and their light environment was guaranteed to be stable. After the Phoebe fujianensis seedlings grew in a shaded environment for 2 years, the tree height, ground diameter and crown width were measured. The young Phoebe chinensis trees were divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower. The leaf shapes, photosynthetic pigment contents, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of different canopies were measured.

[0042] 1.3 Index determination and methods

[0043] 1.3.1 Growth indicators

[0044] In September 2023, 10 saplings with the same growth conditions under different shading treatments were randomly selected, and the ground diameter, seedling height and crown width were measured using vernier calipers and tape measures. Three healthy and mature leaves were taken from the upper, middle and lower canopies of each plant, and the leaf length, leaf width and leaf area were analyzed using the LA-S plant image analyzer. After weighing the fresh weight, the leaves were placed in a 105℃ oven for 30 minutes and then dried at 85℃ to constant weight. The dry weight was weighed using a tray balance to calculate the moisture content and specific leaf area.

[0045] Leaf moisture content = (leaf fresh weight - leaf dry weight) / leaf fresh weight x 100% (1)

[0046] Specific leaf area = leaf area / leaf dry weight (2) 1.3.2 Photosynthetic fluorescence measurement

[0047] In early September 2023, six seedlings were randomly selected from each treatment during the period of 9:00-11:30 a.m. on a clear and windless day. Three healthy and mature leaves from the upper, middle and lower canopies of each seedling were selected respectively. The LI-6800 portable photosynthetic meter from LI-COR Company of the United States was used to measure the instantaneous gas exchange parameters, including net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (g sw ), intercellular CO2 concentration (C i ), transpiration rate (E), light use efficiency (LUE), and calculate leaf water use efficiency (WUE). The leaf chamber temperature was set at 25°C, and the saturated light intensity was set at 900 μmol· -2 s-1 The relative humidity of the leaf chamber was set at 55-60%, and the concentration of CO2 in the cylinder was set at 400 μmol·mol -1 , and the average value was taken after measuring the stable value three times. After the leaves were wrapped with tin foil for full dark reaction, the leaves were briefly illuminated quickly, and the changes of fluorescence signals were detected by high-resolution detector using LI-6800 photosynthetic instrument to measure the initial fluorescence (Fo), maximum fluorescence (Fm), potential photochemical activity of PSⅡ (Fv / Fo), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv / Fm), actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), electron transfer rate (ETR), etc.

[0048] 1.3.3 Photosynthetic pigment determination

[0049] After measuring the photosynthetic fluorescence data, the leaves were quickly collected and brought back to the laboratory. The veins were removed and the remaining leaves were cut into pieces. 0.2 g was weighed, ground with 95% ethanol, filtered and fixed to 25 mL. The absorbance of the extract at 665, 649 and 470 nm was measured using a Shimadzu UV-1240 ultraviolet spectrophotometer, which was recorded as A 665 , A 649 and A 470 , calculate the chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll Chl (a+b), carotenoid (Car) content and chlorophyll a / b values.

[0050] 1.4 Data Analysis

[0051] The experimental data were collated and plotted using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Origin 2018 software, and SPSS 21.0 was used for analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of means.

[0052] 2. Results and Analysis

[0053] 2.1 Effects of shading on the growth of Phoebe bournei saplings and leaf traits at different canopy levels

[0054] Shading significantly affected the growth of Phoebe bournei saplings. The tree height and ground diameter increased first and then decreased with the increase of shading intensity ( Fig. 9 A, 9B), while the crown width increased significantly after shading treatment ( Fig. 9C). The height and ground diameter of Phoebe bournei under 25% and 50% shading intensities were significantly higher than those under 0% and 75% shading (P<0.05). The maximum tree height under 50% shading was 205.15 cm, which was significantly increased by 16.79% and 19.08% compared with 0% and 75%, respectively; the ground diameter under 25% shading reached a maximum of 18.39 cm, which was increased by 17.37% and 22.88% compared with 0% and 75%, respectively. The crown diameter of saplings under 25% shading was the largest, followed by 50% and 75% shading. The crown diameter of control saplings was significantly lower than that of all shading treatments. Under a certain shading intensity, the growth of Phoebe bournei saplings increased with the increase of shading intensity. Too high or too low light intensity was not conducive to the growth of Phoebe bournei saplings.

[0055] Leaves are the main place for plants to carry out photosynthesis and respiration and exchange substances and energy with the external environment. The morphological structure and phenotype of leaves under different light environments are significantly different, which will directly affect the capture and utilization of light energy by plants. Shading and canopy have significant effects on the growth of Phoebe bournei leaves. Shading has significant or extremely significant effects on the leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf circumference, fresh weight and dry weight of young leaves. Canopy has significant or extremely significant effects on the leaf width, leaf area, leaf circumference, fresh weight, dry weight and water content of young leaves. The interaction between the two has no significant effect on them (Table 1). With the increase of shading intensity, the leaf growth trait indicators show a continuous growth trend. The maximum leaf length and leaf circumference of young leaves with 75% shading are 11.73cm and 26.51cm, respectively, which are higher than 50% and 25% shading and significantly higher than 0%, and increased by 13.55% and 15.06% respectively compared with 0% shading. The maximum leaf width and leaf area of ​​75% shading are 2.62cm and 19.40cm, respectively. 2 The leaf width increased by 18.02%, 15.41% and 13.91% respectively compared with 0%, 25% and 50% shading, and the leaf area increased by 37.1%, 19.53% and 17.58% respectively compared with 0%, 25% and 50% shading. The specific leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight were 101.54cm 2 ·g -1 , 0.36g and 0.20g were higher or significantly higher than other shading treatments (Table 2). Table 3 shows that leaf traits differed significantly between different canopy layers, with an overall distribution trend of lower layer > middle layer > upper layer. The leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf circumference and specific leaf area of ​​the lower layer were 12.77cm, 2.52cm and 19.54cm, respectively. 2 、28.42cm、103.27cm 2 ·g -1, increased by 36.87%, 18.31%, 54.22%, 35.72% and 12.42% compared with the middle leaves, and increased by 7.13%, 4.56%, 11.72%, 7.08% and 12.97% compared with the lower leaves. The maximum fresh weight and dry weight of the lower leaves were 0.34g and 0.20g, which were significantly higher than those of the upper leaves. The upper leaves had more tender leaves, and the maximum leaf water content was 86.78%, which was significantly higher than that of the middle and lower leaves by 15.25% and 14.93%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the water content and leaf area of ​​the middle and lower leaves. With the increase of shading intensity and the decrease of canopy, the light energy that can be utilized by young Phoebe bournei trees gradually decreased, and it was necessary to increase the absorption and utilization of light energy by increasing the leaf area, but too low light intensity could not meet the needs of its own growth. At the same time, too high light intensity would cause photoinhibition, which was not conducive to the accumulation of growth substances.

[0056] Table 1 Two-factor variance F value and significance analysis of shading and canopy on leaf traits of Phoebe bournei

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Note: * and ** indicate significant differences at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively; ns indicates no significant difference, the same below.

[0060] Table 2 Comparison of leaf traits of young Phoebe bournei under different shading intensities

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Different letters represent significant differences (P<0.05), the same below.

[0064] Table 3 Comparison of leaf traits of Phoebe bournei saplings among different canopies

[0065]

[0066] 2.2 Effects of shading on the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of different canopy layers of Phoebe bournei saplings

[0067] Photosynthetic pigments are the material basis for photosynthesis in plant leaves and can directly reflect the growth status and photosynthetic capacity of plants. Changes in their content are one of the important factors affecting light absorption, utilization and reflection. Fig.10The results showed that the canopy had a significant or extremely significant effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of Phoebe bournei, and the content generally showed an increasing trend from the upper layer to the lower layer (lower layer > middle layer > upper layer). The contents of Chl a, Chl (a+b) and Car in the lower layer were 1.531, 2.267 and 0.275 mg / g, respectively, which were 10.14%, 3.83% and 25.93% higher than those in the middle layer, and 39.73%, 43.23% and 24.32% higher than those in the upper layer. The maximum Chl b value in the middle layer was 0.794 mg / g, which was 7.79% higher than that in the lower layer and 62.87% higher than that in the upper layer. The increase in Chl b content in the upper layer was smaller than that in the lower and middle layers, respectively. As shown in Tables 4 and 5, the effects of shading and the interaction with the canopy on the contents of photosynthetic pigments in Phoebe bournei leaves were not significant. The contents of photosynthetic pigments increased with the increase of shading intensity (75%>50%>20%>0%), but the overall differences in the contents of photosynthetic pigments among the treatments were not significant. The contents of Chl a, Chl b, Chl (a+b), chlorophyll a / b and Car in 75% shading were 1.512 mg / g, 0.702 mg / g, 2.214 mg / g, 2.260 and 0.273 mg / g, respectively, which were generally higher than those in other shading treatments, 28.68%, 23.16%, 26.95%, 3.15% and 16.67% higher than those in 0% shading, respectively. The lowest Car content in 50% shading was 0.209 mg / g, which was significantly lower than that in 75% shading. With the increase of shading intensity and the decrease of canopy, the contents of Chl a and Chlb in Phoebe bournei saplings showed a continuous increasing trend, and the increase of Chlb was relatively higher than that of Chl a, indicating that Phoebe bournei saplings increased the synthesis of chlorophyll to enhance their adaptability to low-light environment. The increase of Chl b content helped Phoebe bournei to utilize the blue-violet light in diffuse light, thereby improving the light-harvesting ability and photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves, reflecting an adaptation mechanism of Phoebe bournei to low-light environment.

[0068] Table 4 Two-factor variance F value and significance analysis of shading and canopy on the content of photosynthetic pigments in Phoebe bournei leaves

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Table 5 Analysis of the difference in photosynthetic pigment content in leaves of young Phoebe bournei under different shading intensities

[0072]

[0073] 2.3 Effects of shading on photosynthetic characteristics of leaves at different canopy levels of Phoebe bournei saplings

[0074] Photosynthesis is the basis for plant energy and material metabolism. The response of plant photosynthetic characteristics to changes in the external environment is significantly different. Shading and canopy have a significant effect on the photosynthetic characteristics of young Phoebe bournei trees, but the interaction between the two is basically insignificant. sw , and light energy utilization efficiency LUE, which first increased and then decreased with the change of shading intensity. The net photosynthetic rates A of the upper, middle and lower canopies under 50% shading were 2.93, 2.49 and 1.59 μmol.m -2 .s -1 , stomatal conductance g sw 0.056, 0.049, 0.038 mol.m -2 .s -1 , the light energy utilization efficiency (LUE) was 0.366%, 0.311%, and 0.199%, respectively, which were higher than those of other shading treatments. Under the same shading intensity, the change trend was upper layer > middle layer > lower layer, and the values ​​of upper leaves were significantly higher than those of lower leaves ( Fig.11 A, 11B and 11F). The transpiration rate E showed a decreasing trend as the shading intensity increased. The transpiration rates E of the upper, middle and lower canopies at 0% shading were 1.52, 1.07 and 0.88 mmol.m -2 .s -1 , which was significantly higher than that of leaves in the same canopy under shading of 75% by 97.87%, 86.94% and 140.64%. Under the same shading intensity, the transpiration rate E of upper leaves was significantly higher than that of lower leaves. Leaves in high canopies are usually subjected to high temperature and strong light stress, and because of the relatively long water transport distance, the transpiration rate E of leaves in high canopies under high light intensity increased significantly, which may lead to drought stress due to water loss, affecting the overall photosynthetic rate of Phoebe bournei ( Fig.11 D) Canopy response to intercellular CO2 concentration C i and water use efficiency (WUE), but shading and the interaction between the two had a very significant effect on them. The intercellular CO2 concentration C i The highest values ​​were 311.53, 308.08, and 324.35 μmol.m -2 .s -1 , shading 75% upper, middle and lower canopy intercellular CO2 concentration C i The lowest values ​​were 294.55, 288.02, and 266.05 μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 0% shading increased 5.76%, 6.97%, and 21.92% respectively compared with 75% shading of the same canopy, and the water use efficiency (WUE) of the upper, middle, and lower canopies under 75% shading was 2.54, 2.60, and 3.35 μmol.mmol -1, which is higher than other shading treatments, and shows an overall increasing trend with the increase of shading intensity ( Fig.11 C, 11E).

[0075] 2.4 Effects of shading on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of leaves at different canopy levels of Phoebe bournei saplings

[0076] Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics can effectively reflect the impact of environmental factors on the photosynthetic effect of plant leaves and can determine the damage of high light intensity to the photosynthetic mechanism of plants. Shading and canopy have significant effects on maximum fluorescence (Fm), potential photochemical activity of PSⅡ (Fv / Fo), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv / Fm), actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Φ PSⅡ ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), and electron transfer rate (ETR) have significant or extremely significant effects, and the interaction effect between the two is not significant ( Fig.12 The canopy layer has a very significant effect on the initial fluorescence Fo. As the shading intensity increases, Fo generally increases first and then decreases. The Fo values ​​of the upper, middle and lower canopies with 50% shading are 329.21, 318.88 and 311.47, respectively, which are all higher than those of other leaves with the same canopy layer ( Fig.12 A). With the increase of shading intensity, Fm, Fv / Fo and Fv / Fm showed a trend of continuous increase. Fm, Fv / Fo and Fv / Fm reached their maximum values ​​at 75% shading. Under the same shading intensity, leaves in different canopies showed a trend of lower layer > middle layer > upper layer. The Fm of the upper, middle and lower canopies were 1354.56, 1353.19 and 1490.28, respectively, and the Fv / Fm were 0.798, 0.797 and 0.791, respectively. ( Fig.12 B, 12C and 12D). Effects of shading and canopy on Φ PSⅡ , qP and ETR have extremely significant effects, and the interaction between the two is not significant. With the increase of shading intensity, Φ PSⅡ , qP and ETR values ​​decreased continuously, and the values ​​of each canopy layer were the highest under 0% shading. Under the same shading treatment, the values ​​showed a trend of upper layer > middle layer > lower layer. From top to bottom, Φ PSⅡ The values ​​were 0.187, 0.164, and 0.076, the qP values ​​were 0.187, 0.164, and 0.078, and the ETR values ​​were 68.44, 55.58, and 26.51 ( Fig.12 E, 12F and 12H). Shading and canopy had significant effects on NPQ, but the overall change pattern of NPQ values ​​was not obvious. The NPQ value of the upper leaves under 0% shading was the highest, and the NPQ values ​​of different canopies under 50% shading were generally higher than those of other shading treatments ( Fig.12G). Under non-environmental stress conditions, the Fv / Fm value is generally between 0.80 and 0.85. Environmental stress can cause this parameter to decrease significantly. Under shading conditions, the Fv / Fm value of Phoebe bournei leaves at different canopies is around 0.80, indicating that Phoebe bournei is less affected by environmental stress. As the light intensity and canopy increase, Phoebe bournei is subjected to strong light stress, resulting in a decrease in Fv / Fm, indicating that Phoebe bournei saplings are more adapted to growing under certain shading conditions.

[0077] 3 Conclusion

[0078] Young Phoebe bournei trees are suitable for growing under 25% to 50% shade conditions. Excessive light will produce photoinhibition and hinder the growth and development of young trees. Weak light conditions cannot meet the light energy required by young trees. With the increase of shading intensity and the decrease of canopy, young Phoebe bournei trees need to increase their own light energy utilization efficiency by increasing leaf area, chlorophyll content and the degree of openness of PSII reaction center to obtain more net photosynthetic products and energy. The net photosynthetic rate of leaves in the upper canopy of young Phoebe bournei trees is significantly higher than that in the lower layer. With the increase of light intensity, the stomata of the leaves in the upper canopy gradually close and the stomatal conductance decreases in order to reduce water loss, resulting in a decrease in photosynthetic efficiency. The leaves in the lower layer are almost in a fully shaded state, and the net photosynthetic rate has remained at a relatively low level. Under high light intensity, the leaves of young Phoebe bournei trees absorb excess light energy, and the proportion of light energy captured by PSII converted into heat dissipation increases. Most of the energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy, and a small part is dissipated through non-photochemical reactions.

[0079] The invention discloses a device for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe chinensis seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, comprising a front support 1 and a rear support 2, a plurality of long rectangular flip dimming plates 3 are set up between the front support 1 and the rear support 2, the plurality of flip dimming plates 3 are arranged in parallel, the area surrounded by the front support 1, the rear support 2 and the flip dimming plates 3 is a seedling planting area, the rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the flip dimming plates 3, the flip dimming plates 3 comprise a transparent plate 31 and two shading net plates 32 hinged on both sides above the transparent plate 31, the hinge axis between the shading net plates 32 and the transparent plate 31 is parallel to the length direction of the transparent plate 31; the front end of the transparent plate 31 is rotatably connected to the front support 1 through the rotating shaft, the rear end of the transparent plate 31 is rotatably connected to the rear support 2 through the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected to a worm gear 4, the front support 1 and the rear support 2 are each An electric worm gear 5 is provided, the electric worm gear 5 of the front bracket 1 meshes with all the worm wheels 4 at the front end, and the electric worm gear 5 of the rear bracket 2 meshes with and drives all the worm wheels 4 at the rear end; when the transparent plate 31 is in the upright state, the shade mesh 32 is attached to the upper surface of the transparent plate 31, and at this time, the flip dimming plate 3 has the maximum shading rate; the shade mesh 32 can be flipped upward and outward around the hinge axis, and when the transparent plate 31 is inverted, the shade mesh 32 naturally droops, and the shading rate of the flip dimming plate 3 is the smallest; a limit strip 1 313 is provided on the transparent plate 31, and the shade mesh 32 has a limit strip 2 321, so that the maximum flipping angle of the shade mesh 32 relative to the transparent plate 31 is less than 90°, so that when the transparent plate 31 is rotated from inverted to upright, the two shade meshes 32 can spontaneously reset to a fit state with the transparent plate 31. The shade screen 32 can be a hard mesh plate or a flexible shade screen with a hard frame as a framework support, and the shade rate of the shade screen 32 itself is 75%.

[0080] A method for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings, using the above-mentioned device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings to promote the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings through reasonable shading;

[0081] Cultivate Phoebe bournei plants in the seedling planting area, and drive the flip dimming plate 3 by the electric worm 5 to drive the worm wheel 4 to adjust the shading rate of the flip dimming plate 3, thereby adjusting the light conditions of the plants;

[0082] The shade screen 32 is made of a material with a high shade rate (75%); Figure 5 When the transparent plate 31 is in the upright position, the shade mesh plate 32 covers the transparent plate 31, and the overall shade rate is high at this time; Figure 6 When the transparent plate 31 is in an inverted state, the shade mesh plate 32 sags due to gravity and is close to being erected. At this time, the overall shading rate is low; Figure 7 , Figure 8 , other angle postures of the transparent plate 31 also correspond to a certain overall shading rate;

[0083] When there is sufficient light, increase the shading rate appropriately. When there is insufficient light, lower the shading rate appropriately to control the light intensity within an appropriate range.

[0084] In a further embodiment, the front bracket 1 is lower than the rear bracket 2, and the flip dimming plate 3 is arranged with the front lower and the rear higher to facilitate drainage on rainy days.

[0085] In a further embodiment, the bottom of both sides of the transparent plate 31 is provided with guide convex strips 312 along the length direction of the plate body. When the flip dimming plate 3 is in the upright state, rainwater flowing from between two adjacent flip dimming plates 3 can slide to the front end through the guide convex strips 312. The free side edge of the shade mesh plate 32 is wavy. When the flip dimming plate 3 is in the inverted state, rainwater flowing from between two adjacent flip dimming plates 3 can fall dispersedly on the wave edge of the shade mesh plate 32; accordingly, it is possible to choose whether to use rainwater to irrigate the Phoebe chinensis seedlings in an appropriate amount according to actual conditions on rainy days.

[0086] In a further embodiment, in order to increase the stability of the device in a high shading rate state, that is, when the dimming plate 3 is flipped and placed upright in windy weather, a windshield ridge 311 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the transparent plate 31 along the length direction of the plate body. The windshield ridge 311 separates the two shade mesh panels 32 on the transparent plate 31. When the transparent plate 31 is placed upright, the shade mesh panels 32 are not easily blown up by the wind due to the shielding effect of the windshield ridge 311.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant configuration, comprising a front support and a rear support, characterized in that: A plurality of long rectangular flip dimming panels are set up between the front bracket and the rear bracket, and the plurality of flip dimming panels are arranged in parallel. The area surrounded by the front bracket, the rear bracket and the flip dimming panels is the seedling planting area. The flip dimming panels are rotatably connected to the front bracket and the rear bracket, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the length direction of the flip dimming panels. The flip dimming panels include a transparent plate and two shade mesh panels hinged on both sides above the transparent plate. The hinge axis between the shade mesh panel and the transparent plate is parallel to the length direction of the transparent plate. When the transparent plate is in an upright state, the shade mesh panel is attached to the upper surface of the transparent plate, and the shade mesh panel can be flipped upward and outward around the hinge axis. The maximum flipping angle of the shade mesh panel relative to the transparent plate is less than 90°.

2. A device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the transparent plate is rotatably connected to the front bracket through a rotating shaft, and the rear end of the transparent plate is rotatably connected to the rear bracket through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is connected to a worm gear. The front bracket and the rear bracket are each provided with an electric worm, and the electric worm meshes with all the worm gears at the end.

3. A device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front bracket is lower than the rear bracket, and the dimming board is flipped over to set the front low and the back high.

4. A device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of both sides of the transparent plate are provided with guide convex strips along the length direction of the plate body. When the flip dimming plate is in the upright state, rainwater flowing from between two adjacent flip dimming plates can slide to the front end through the guide convex strips.

5. A device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The free side edge of the shade mesh plate is wavy. When the flip dimming plate is in an inverted state, rainwater flowing down from between two adjacent flip dimming plates can be dispersed and fall on the wavy edge of the shade mesh plate.

6. A device for promoting the individual growth and plant configuration construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A windshield convex strip is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the transparent board along the length direction of the board body, and the windshield convex strip separates two shade mesh panels on the transparent board.

7. A method for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant architecture, characterized in that: The device for promoting the individual growth of Phoebe bournei seedlings and the construction of plant configuration according to claim 2 further comprises: Promoting the individual growth and plant structure construction of Phoebe bournei seedlings through reasonable shading; The Phoebe bournei plants are cultivated in the seedling planting area, and the shading rate of the flip dimming board is adjusted by rotating the flip dimming board, thereby adjusting the light conditions of the plants; The shade mesh is made of materials with a high shading rate. When the transparent plate is in an upright state, the shade mesh covers the transparent plate, and the overall shading rate is high at this time. When the transparent plate is in an inverted state, the shade mesh sags due to gravity and is close to being upright, and the overall shading rate is low at this time. Other angles and postures of the transparent plate also correspond to a certain overall shading rate. When there is sufficient light, increase the shading rate appropriately. When there is insufficient light, lower the shading rate appropriately.

Images