Breeding method of high-sugar feed corn

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of high-sugar feed corn, and particularly relates to the technical field of corn seedling raising, and the breeding method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, multi-gene fusion introduction, S2, microorganism synergistic breeding, S3, mutagenesis treatment, S4, mutagenesis hybridization, S5, multiple cross breeding, and S6, soil preparation and fertilization. Through cooperation of all the steps, the cultivated corn is multiple in cob, high in yield, high in sugar and high in environmental adaptability, high-quality feed is provided for animal husbandry, and sustainable development of agriculture is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of corn seedling cultivation, and more specifically, to a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of the global population and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for livestock products continues to rise, which has brought an opportunity for rapid development of animal husbandry. In the production system of animal husbandry, the quality and supply stability of feed play a vital role, which is directly related to the growth rate of livestock, meat quality and the economic benefits of the entire animal husbandry. As an important feed raw material, the yield and quality of corn have a profound impact on the development of animal husbandry.

[0003] Traditional corn varieties are gradually unable to meet the growing demand in terms of yield and quality, such as: 1. In terms of yield, common corn varieties are limited by their own genetic characteristics and planting environment, and the growth space of yield per unit area is limited, making it difficult to achieve a significant breakthrough and unable to provide sufficient feed sources for animal husbandry; 2. In terms of quality, the sugar content of ordinary corn is relatively low. When used as feed, it cannot provide sufficient energy for livestock, affecting the growth performance and feed conversion rate of livestock. At the same time, traditional corn varieties show weak adaptability when dealing with harsh environmental conditions. For example, in saline-alkali land, high-temperature arid areas or cold areas, their growth will be severely inhibited, or even unable to grow normally, resulting in limited planting areas and failure to fully and effectively utilize land resources.

[0004] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn, specifically comprising the following steps: S1. Multiple gene fusion introduction: soak white waxy corn seeds in a solution containing specific plant hormones and nutrients, extract target gene fragments from wild plants with super stress resistance, construct recombinant gene vectors, and introduce them into pretreated corn seed embryonic callus to screen and culture transgenic corn seeds; S2, microbial collaborative breeding, in the indoor seedling stage, the microbial agent containing beneficial microorganisms is mixed with the seedling substrate at a ratio of 1:100, and 50 kg of microbial agent containing specific microorganisms is applied to the planting plot before transplanting, combined with deep ploughing; S3, mutagenesis treatment, select a bluestone trough that has been used by tigers for drinking water for more than three years and has been specially treated, lay the corroded, fermented and dried tiger feces in the bluestone trough, spray water, cover it with a film and leave it for a period of time to prepare a mutagenesis environment; S4, mutagenesis hybridization, corn seeds and upland rice seeds are planted together, and after emergence, no water is sprayed, and the seedlings are allowed to dry naturally until they are wilted, and then moved into the field for multiple plantings, during which upland rice pollen is pollinated on corn to produce a mutagenic effect; S5, recross breeding, the corn seeds that have undergone mutagenesis are subjected to mutagenesis treatment again according to the above steps, and then transplanted into sugarcane, grooves are made at specific parts of the sugarcane, corn seedlings are placed in the grooves and filled with tiger feces, the genes and nutrients of sugarcane are used to promote the growth of corn and increase the sugar content of corn; S6. Soil preparation and fertilization. Before planting sugarcane, the land is prepared and tiger dung, farmyard manure, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and urea are applied in proportion. At the same time, phoxim is applied to control underground pests.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the specific plant hormones include auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin, wherein the concentration of auxin is 0.1 mg / L - 1 mg / L, the concentration of cytokinin is 0.5 mg / L - 2 mg / L, and the concentration of gibberellin is 1 mg / L - 5 mg / L; The nutrients include amino acids, vitamins and trace elements, wherein the amino acid concentration is 10mmol / L-50mmol / L, the vitamin concentration is 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, and the trace elements include iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum, and their concentrations are 0.1mg / L-1mg / L, 0.05mg / L-0.5mg / L, 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, 0.05mg / L-0.5mg / L, 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, 0.001mg / L-0.01mg / L respectively; The super strong stress resistance specifically includes salt and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance and cold resistance.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the beneficial microbial flora includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and endophytic fungi, and the number ratio thereof is 3:2:2:1.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the tiger feces is 40 kg, the laying thickness is 15-18 cm, the water spraying amount is 1 kg, and after spraying water, it is considered to be a ball by hand, and then covered with a film and left for 24 hours.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the planting ratio of the upland rice seeds to the corn seeds is 40:1, and the upland rice seeds are Brazilian upland rice.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the corn seed and sugarcane cross can be carried out in two different ways: Method 1: Use a knife to cut a 5cm long, 3cm wide, and 3cm deep trough in the selected sugarcane seedlings, remove the slag, put the roots of the corn seedlings into the trough, then fill it with tiger dung, plant it in the soil ridge prepared in advance, and let it survive naturally. After the sugarcane sprouts, only a single plant is left to help the corn absorb nutrients, and all the excess parts are cut off. No watering is required in the early stage, so that the withered corn seedlings can directly absorb the moisture of the sugarcane and accept the sugarcane genes; The second method is to transplant the corn seedlings directly into the sugarcane. When the sugarcane grows to a height of 1-1.2m and a diameter of 3-4cm, dig a 5cm long, 3cm wide and 3cm deep trough at the root of the sugarcane. Take out the slag, put the corn seedlings in, fill it with tiger manure, and then use loose soil to seal the corn and sugarcane to eight centimeters. The corn directly absorbs the sugar in the sugarcane for its growth.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6, 10 kg of tiger manure, 20 kg of farmyard manure, 2 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5 kg of urea are applied per square meter of land, and 0.1 kg of phoxim is applied per mu of land to prevent and control underground pests.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, after many years of multiple cross breeding and mutagenesis treatment, a high-sugar feed corn variety is obtained.

[0014] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The invention enhances the adaptability of corn to harsh environments such as saline-alkali, high temperature, and cold weather through the introduction of multiple gene fusion, microbial collaborative breeding, and precise nutritional regulation, improves nutrient utilization efficiency, and reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. At the same time, unique breeding steps such as tiger feces mutagenesis and hybridization with upland rice and sugarcane make each corn plant produce more sticks and higher yields. The yield per mu exceeds 1,000 kilograms and the yield has increased by more than double. The grains are full and the sugar content is greatly improved. The semi-horse tooth type provides high-quality and high-energy feed for animal husbandry, which helps to improve the growth rate and meat quality of livestock. This innovative breeding model opens up a new path for corn breeding, is of great significance to building an eco-friendly and resource-saving agricultural production system, effectively promotes the sustainable development of agriculture, and plays a positive role in ensuring food security and meeting livestock feed needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the overall flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1, The embodiment of the present invention provides a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Multiple gene fusion introduction. Select high-quality white glutinous corn seeds and soak them in a solution containing specific plant hormones and nutrients, including 0.5 mg / L auxin, 1 mg / L cytokinin, 3 mg / L gibberellin, 30 mmol / L amino acid, 0.05 mg / L vitamin, 0.5 mg / L iron, 0.2 mg / L manganese, 0.05 mg / L copper, 0.2 mg / L zinc, 0.05 mg / L boron, 0.005 mg / L molybdenum, and soak for 12 hours. Extract salt-alkali tolerance related gene fragments from salt-alkali tolerant wild plant Halophyte, construct recombinant gene vector, and introduce it into pre-treated corn seed embryonic callus by Agrobacterium-mediated method. Callus tissues that have successfully integrated the target gene were selected on a screening medium containing kanamycin (50 mg / L), and transferred to a differentiation medium for regeneration culture to obtain transgenic corn seeds; S2. Microbial collaborative breeding. When raising seedlings indoors, a beneficial microbial flora agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria (self-generated nitrogen-fixing bacteria), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium), potassium-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus colloidus) and endophytic fungi (Pyriformis indica) in a ratio of 3:2:2:1 is fully mixed with the seedling medium at a ratio of 1:100. Before transplanting, 50 kg of the agent is evenly spread per mu on the planting plot, and deep plowing is carried out to a depth of 30 cm. During the growth of corn, the number and activity of the microbial flora are monitored once a week. When the flora number is lower than 50% of the initial value, the agent is supplemented by drip irrigation, and the amount of each supplement is 1 kg per mu. S3, mutagenesis treatment, select a bluestone trough that has been used by tigers for drinking water for five years, put 40 kg of corroded, fermented and dried tiger feces into the trough, lay it to a thickness of 16 cm, spray 1 kg of clean water, and make a ball by hand, cover it with a film and leave it for 24 hours to prepare a mutagenesis environment; S4, mutagenesis hybridization, planting the corn seeds treated as above and Brazilian upland rice seeds in a ratio of 1:40 in a seedling tray, stopping watering after emergence, letting the seedlings dry naturally until they wither, moving the withered seedlings into the field, and carrying out multi-stage planting, with an interval of 8 days between two adjacent plantings, and artificially pollinating the upland rice pollen on the corn during flowering to induce mutation in the corn, giving full play to the advantage of the strong tillering of the upland rice, and making the corn multi-branched and multi-cob-shaped; S5, recross breeding, harvest the corn seeds after mutagenesis, and carry out mutagenesis treatment again in the bluestone trough the next year, then transplant the corn seedlings into sugarcane (variety Yuetang 00-236), using the first recross method: cut a 5cm long, 3cm wide, and 3cm deep trough in the sugarcane seedlings with a knife, take out the slag, put the roots of the corn seedlings into the trough, fill it with tiger feces, and plant it in the soil ridge prepared in advance. After the sugarcane sprouts, only a single plant is left to help the corn absorb nutrients, and the excess is cut off. No water is applied in the early stage, so that the corn seedlings can directly absorb the moisture of the sugarcane and accept the sugarcane genes; S6. Soil preparation and fertilization. Before planting sugarcane, the land should be deep plowed and prepared. 10 kg of tiger dung, 20 kg of farmyard manure, 2 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5 kg of urea should be applied per square meter of land. 0.1 kg of phoxim should be applied per mu of land to control underground pests.

[0018] Results: The high-sugar feed corn variety finally cultivated in this embodiment has an average of 4 cobs per plant, a large number of branches, a cob rate of more than 90%, full grains, and a yield of half-horse tooth corn that is 1.5 times higher than that of ordinary corn, with an output of 1,200 kilograms per mu. The sugar content is significantly improved. After testing, the sugar content is 30% higher than that of ordinary feed corn. In addition, when tested on a small scale in saline-alkali land, it shows strong salt-alkali tolerance and good growth, providing high-quality feed resources for animal husbandry.

[0019] Example 2: The present invention provides a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Multiple gene fusion introduction. White waxy corn seeds were soaked in a solution containing 0.8 mg / L auxin, 1.5 mg / L cytokinin, 4 mg / L gibberellin, 40 mmol / L amino acid, 0.08 mg / L vitamin, 0.8 mg / L iron, 0.3 mg / L manganese, 0.08 mg / L copper, 0.3 mg / L zinc, 0.08 mg / L boron, and 0.008 mg / L molybdenum for 10 h. Extract heat-resistant related gene fragments from heat-resistant wild plants to construct recombinant gene vectors, introduce them into embryonic callus of corn seeds through gene gun method, and screen and culture transgenic corn seeds; S2, microbial collaborative breeding, the seedling medium and the microbial agent containing specific microbial flora (same ratio as in Example 1) are mixed in a ratio of 1:100, the amount of microbial agent applied before transplanting is 50 kg per mu, the deep plowing depth is 35 cm, the microbial flora is monitored every 10 days during the growth period, and the microbial agent is supplemented by spraying when the activity decreases, and the supplementation amount per mu is 1.5 kg; S3, mutagenesis treatment, tiger feces treatment is the same as in Example 1, and the bluestone trough is used for six years.

[0020] S4, mutation hybridization, corn and Brazilian upland rice seeds were planted at a ratio of 1:40, and the seedlings were aired until they withered and then moved into the field. Multiple plantings were performed with an interval of 9 days for pollination and hybridization; S5, multiple cross breeding, after harvesting seeds, mutagenesis treatment was performed again, and the second multiple cross method was adopted: when the sugarcane grew to 1.1m in height and 3.5cm in diameter, an inclined groove was opened at the root to put the corn seedlings in, and then filled with tiger feces, and the loose soil was sealed for eight centimeters to allow the corn to absorb sugar from the sugarcane to grow; S6. Soil preparation and fertilization: soil preparation and fertilization before sugarcane planting are the same as in Example 1.

[0021] Results: The high-sugar feed corn cultivated in this embodiment has an average of 3.5 cobs per plant, many branches, a cob rate of 88%, full grains, a yield 1.3 times higher than that of ordinary corn, an output of 1,100 kg per mu, and a sugar content 25% higher than that of ordinary feed corn. When tested in high-temperature areas, it shows good high-temperature resistance, can still grow and develop normally during the high-temperature period in summer, and has stable cob formation, which provides the possibility of promoting planting in high-temperature areas and provides a reliable source of feed for animal husbandry in high-temperature seasons.

[0022] Example 3: The present invention provides a breeding method for high-sugar feed corn, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. Multiple gene fusion introduction: the solution in which corn seeds are soaked contains 0.3 mg / L auxin, 0.8 mg / L cytokinin, 2 mg / L gibberellin, 20 mmol / L amino acid, 0.03 mg / L vitamin, 0.3 mg / L iron, 0.15 mg / L manganese, 0.03 mg / L copper, 0.15 mg / L zinc, 0.03 mg / L boron, and 0.003 mg / L molybdenum. Soak for 15 h, extract cold-resistant related gene fragments from cold-resistant wild plants to construct vectors and introduce them into corn embryonic callus to culture transgenic seeds; S2, microbial collaborative breeding, indoor seedling substrate and microbial agent mixing ratio of 1:100, microbial flora in the microbial agent is the same as in Example 1, 50 kg of microbial agent is spread per mu before transplanting, deep plowing and turning the soil to 32 cm, the flora is monitored every two weeks during the growth period, and the microbial agent is supplemented when necessary, and the drip irrigation supplement amount is 0.8 kg per mu; S3, mutagenesis treatment, select a bluestone trough used by tigers for four years, place tiger feces and other operations as in Example 1; S4, mutation hybridization, corn and Brazilian upland rice were planted at a ratio of 1:40, and after drying the seedlings, they were planted in the field for multiple periods, and pollinated and hybridized at intervals of 7 days; S5, recross breeding, after harvesting seeds and repeating the mutagenesis treatment, randomly recross the maize seedlings with sugarcane (Yuetang 00-236) using one of the two recross methods; S6. Soil preparation and fertilization: soil preparation and fertilization before sugarcane planting are the same as in Example 1.

[0023] Results: The high-sugar feed corn cultivated in this embodiment has an average of 3 cobs per plant, normal branching, a cob rate of more than 85%, full grains, a yield 1.1 times higher than that of ordinary corn, an output of 1,000 kg per mu, and a sugar content 20% higher than that of ordinary feed corn. When tested in cold areas, the cold resistance is outstanding, and it can grow normally in a low temperature environment. Cob formation and sugar accumulation are not significantly affected. It can be planted as high-quality feed corn in cold areas, providing a guarantee for the development of local animal husbandry.

[0024] Through the above different embodiments, it can be seen that the breeding method can cultivate high-sugar feed corn varieties with multiple cobs, high yield, high sugar content and the ability to adapt to different environments under different conditions and parameter settings, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the breeding method, and can be promoted and applied in different regions according to actual needs.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breeding method for high-sugar feed corn, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Multiple gene fusion introduction: soak white waxy corn seeds in a solution containing specific plant hormones and nutrients, extract target gene fragments from wild plants with super stress resistance, construct recombinant gene vectors, and introduce them into pretreated corn seed embryonic callus to screen and culture transgenic corn seeds; S2, microbial collaborative breeding, in the indoor seedling stage, the microbial agent containing beneficial microorganisms is mixed with the seedling substrate at a ratio of 1:100, and 50 kg of microbial agent containing specific microorganisms is applied to the planting plot before transplanting, combined with deep ploughing; S3, mutagenesis treatment, select a bluestone trough that has been used by tigers for drinking water for more than three years and has been specially treated, lay the corroded, fermented and dried tiger feces in the bluestone trough, spray water, cover it with a film and leave it for a period of time to prepare a mutagenesis environment; S4, mutagenesis hybridization, corn seeds and upland rice seeds are planted together, and after emergence, no water is sprayed, and the seedlings are allowed to dry naturally until they are wilted, and then moved into the field for multiple plantings, during which upland rice pollen is pollinated on corn to produce a mutagenic effect; S5, recross breeding, the corn seeds that have undergone mutagenesis are subjected to mutagenesis treatment again according to the above steps, and then transplanted into sugarcane, grooves are made at specific parts of the sugarcane, corn seedlings are placed in the grooves and filled with tiger feces, the genes and nutrients of sugarcane are used to promote the growth of corn and increase the sugar content of corn; S6. Soil preparation and fertilization. Before planting sugarcane, the land is prepared and tiger dung, farmyard manure, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and urea are applied in proportion. At the same time, phoxim is applied to control underground pests.

2. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the specific plant hormones include auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin, wherein the concentration of auxin is 0.1 mg / L - 1 mg / L, the concentration of cytokinin is 0.5 mg / L - 2 mg / L, and the concentration of gibberellin is 1 mg / L - 5 mg / L; The nutrients include amino acids, vitamins and trace elements, wherein the amino acid concentration is 10mmol / L-50mmol / L, the vitamin concentration is 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, and the trace elements include iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum, and their concentrations are 0.1mg / L-1mg / L, 0.05mg / L-0.5mg / L, 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, 0.05mg / L-0.5mg / L, 0.01mg / L-0.1mg / L, 0.001mg / L-0.01mg / L respectively; The super strong stress resistance specifically includes salt and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance and cold resistance.

3. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the beneficial microbial flora includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria and endophytic fungi, and the number ratio thereof is 3:2:2:

1.

4. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the tiger dung weighs 40 kg, the laying thickness is 15-18 cm, the water spraying amount is 1 kg, and after spraying, it is clumped by hand and covered with a film for 24 hours.

5. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the planting ratio of the upland rice seeds to the corn seeds is 40:1, and the upland rice seeds are Brazilian upland rice.

6. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the cross between corn seeds and sugarcane can be carried out in two different ways: Method 1: Use a knife to cut a 5cm long, 3cm wide, and 3cm deep trough in the selected sugarcane seedlings, remove the slag, put the roots of the corn seedlings into the trough, then fill it with tiger dung, plant it in the soil ridge prepared in advance, and let it survive naturally. After the sugarcane sprouts, only a single plant is left to help the corn absorb nutrients, and all the excess parts are cut off. No watering is required in the early stage, so that the withered corn seedlings can directly absorb the moisture of the sugarcane and accept the sugarcane genes; The second method is to transplant the corn seedlings directly into the sugarcane. When the sugarcane grows to a height of 1-1.2m and a diameter of 3-4cm, dig a 5cm long, 3cm wide and 3cm deep trough at the root of the sugarcane. Take out the slag, put the corn seedlings in, fill it with tiger manure, and then use loose soil to seal the corn and sugarcane to eight centimeters. The corn directly absorbs the sugar in the sugarcane for its growth.

7. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, 10 kg of tiger manure, 20 kg of farmyard manure, 2 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5 kg of urea are applied per square meter of land, and 0.1 kg of phoxim is applied per mu of land to control underground pests.

8. The breeding method of high-sugar feed corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, after years of multiple cross breeding and mutagenesis treatment, a high-sugar feed corn variety is obtained.

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