Symbiotic planting and breeding method for sea grapes and groupers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a symbiotic planting and breeding method for sea grapes and groupers. According to the method, in the symbiotic planting process of the groupers and the sea grapes, the sea grapes absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis and absorb harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen at the same time, and a good water quality environment can be maintained; meanwhile, the algae bed formed by the sea grapes not only can provide a hidden place for the groupers and reduce stress response, but also can indirectly provide natural bait for the groupers and promote growth and development of the groupers; epinephelus can eat part of miscellaneous algae and other microorganisms, so that other competitive algae are prevented from being excessively propagated, and the dominant position of the sea grapes is kept; in addition, the movement of the grouper can stir the sediment to promote the decomposition of organic matters in the sediment. Therefore, by performing symbiotic planting and breeding on the sea grapes and the groupers, not only can the survival rate of the groupers be improved, but also the yield and quality of the sea grapes can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and groupers. Background Art

[0002] Grouper is a popular edible and ornamental fish belonging to the order Perciformes and the family Epinephelidae. It is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters. Grouper is not only tender and delicious, but also has high nutritional value. For example, it is rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins A and D, and a variety of minerals (such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron), which is very beneficial to human health. Sea grapes belong to the genus Caulerpa, genus Caulerpa, and the family Caulerpaceae, phylum Chlorophyta. They are also called "green caviar" or "sea elves". They are a unique marine plant that is not only rich in nutritional value but also of great significance in terms of ecological and economic value.

[0003] In the prior art, groupers and sea grapes are often cultured or planted separately. For example, Chinese patent CN107455292A improves the survival rate and growth rate of groupers by strictly regulating the culture environment and feeding methods of groupers; Chinese patent CN218680920U improves the planting efficiency of sea grapes by providing a device suitable for the growth of sea grapes. However, culture groupers or plant sea grapes alone often cause waste of aquatic culture environment resources. Therefore, how to provide a symbiotic culture method of sea grapes and groupers can not only improve the efficient utilization of the culture environment, but also promote the healthy and green development of the sea grape and grouper industries. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and groupers, which not only saves water resources, but also improves the survival rate of groupers and enhances the yield and quality of sea grapes.

[0005] The present invention provides a symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and groupers, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Preparing a culture matrix: mixing sand and soil and performing high-temperature sterilization to obtain a sterilized matrix; mixing the sterilized matrix with Rhodospirilla and drying the mixture to obtain a culture matrix;

[0007] Setting up a culture pond: laying the culture substrate and attachment base in the disinfected culture pond in sequence, injecting salt water with a salinity of 2.3% to 2.6% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days, and then adjusting the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, to obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0008] Stocking seedlings: healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked into the seedling stocking breeding pond for 4-5 days, and then grouper fry are stocked for symbiotic breeding;

[0009] When the symbiotic cultivation is carried out, the water environment parameters in the culture pond include: temperature of 26-27° C., dissolved oxygen of 6-8 mg / L.

[0010] Preferably, the amount of sea grape seedlings put in is 500-700 plants / m 2 ;

[0011] The amount of grouper fry released is 75-100 / m 2 .

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of sand to soil is 4-5:1;

[0013] The temperature of the high temperature sterilization is 150-180°C; the time of the high temperature sterilization is 30-40 minutes.

[0014] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the sterilized substrate to Rhodospirillum is: 30-50 g: 0.5-1 mL;

[0015] The effective viable bacteria count of Rhodospirillum is ≥ 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL.

[0016] Preferably, when the culture substrate is laid flat, the thickness of the culture substrate is 15-25 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the first fertilization is carried out in the culture pond 7-10 days after the symbiotic cultivation is carried out; the amount of the first fertilization includes: 30-35g / m seaweed residue 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 5-8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 8~10g / m 2 and soybean meal 10-20g / m 2 ;

[0018] Preferably, 35-42 days after the symbiotic cultivation, secondary fertilization is performed in the culture pond; the amount of the secondary fertilization includes: 54-56 g / m of seaweed residue; 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 7-10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12~15g / m 2 and soybean meal 10-20g / m 2 .

[0019] Preferably, the step of disinfecting the breeding pond is: disinfecting the breeding pond with potassium permanganate.

[0020] Preferably, when the sea grape seedlings are cultured alone, the temperature of the water environment is 22-23° C., and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6 mg / L.

[0021] Preferably, the grouper is fed with small fish.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and groupers. By using sand, soil and rhodospirilla to prepare a breeding matrix, it is not only beneficial to provide a good attachment base for the sea grapes, but also beneficial to exert the self-purification function of water quality; by disinfecting the breeding pond, it is beneficial to improve the stress resistance of the sea grapes and the groupers; by first culturing the sea grape seedlings separately, it is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by the sea grapes in the early stage and improve their quality.

[0024] In the process of symbiotically planting grouper and sea grapes, the sea grapes absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, and absorb harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, which helps to maintain a good water quality environment; in addition, the algae bed formed by the sea grapes can provide a hiding place for the grouper, reduce stress response, and promote its growth and development; the rich algae resources attract small plankton to gather, form a complete food chain, and indirectly provide natural bait for the grouper; at the same time, the grouper will eat some miscellaneous algae and other microorganisms to prevent other competitive algae from over-breeding and maintain the dominant position of the sea grapes; in addition, the activities of the grouper can stir the bottom sediment and promote the decomposition of organic matter in the bottom mud. Therefore, the symbiotic planting and breeding of sea grapes and groupers can not only improve the breeding efficiency, but also improve the water quality and reduce the incidence of diseases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the scheme provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Experimental Materials:

[0028] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0029] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0030] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0032] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0033] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0034] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0035] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Experimental Materials:

[0038] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0039] The species of grouper is: Brown-spotted grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus).

[0040] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0042] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.3% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0043] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0044] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0045] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] Experimental Materials:

[0048] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0049] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0050] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0052] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0053] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0054] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0055] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] Experimental Materials:

[0058] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0059] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0060] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) Preparing a culture matrix: mixing sand and crushed soil in a mass ratio of 5:1 and performing high temperature sterilization (the temperature of the high temperature sterilization is 180° C. and the time of the high temperature sterilization is 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; drying the sterilized matrix to obtain a culture matrix;

[0062] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0063] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0064] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0065] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] Experimental Materials:

[0068] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0069] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0070] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0071] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0072] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.1% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0073] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0074] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0075] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] Experimental Materials:

[0078] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0079] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0080] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0081] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0082] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of less than 1.4 m into the culture pond to obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0083] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0084] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0085] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0086] Comparative Example 5

[0087] Experimental Materials:

[0088] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0089] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0090] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0091] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0092] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0093] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 800 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is maintained at 5mg / L during single culture;

[0094] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0095] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0096] Comparative Example 6

[0097] Experimental Materials:

[0098] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0099] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0100] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0101] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0102] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0103] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0104] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic cultivation, the water environment temperature in the culture pond is maintained at 25°C and the dissolved oxygen is 5 mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0105] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2, potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0106] Comparative Example 7

[0107] Experimental Materials:

[0108] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0109] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0110] A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0111] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0112] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0113] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for separate cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0114] After 5 days of separate culture, healthy grouper fry were put into the breeding pond for symbiotic breeding. The number of grouper fry put in was 100 / m 2 ; When carrying out the symbiotic breeding, the water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water circulation system;

[0115] After 7 days of symbiotic cultivation, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; Grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the grouper's body weight.

[0116] Comparative Example 8

[0117] Experimental Materials:

[0118] The varieties of sea grapes are: long-stemmed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera var. philippina);

[0119] A method for planting sea grapes, comprising the following steps:

[0120] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0121] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0122] (3) Stocking: Healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked in the stocking pond described in step (2) for individual cultivation. The stocking rate of sea grape seedlings is 500 plants / m 2 , by adding a water circulation system in the cement culture pond, the water environment temperature is maintained at 23°C during single culture, and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6mg / L;

[0123] After 7 days of single culture, 30 g / m of seaweed residue was applied to the culture pond. 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 10g / m 2 and soybean meal 15g / m 2 ; 35 days after symbiotic cultivation, apply seaweed residue 55g / m2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12g / m 2 and soybean meal 20g / m 2 .

[0124] Comparative Example 9

[0125] Experimental Materials:

[0126] The species of grouper is: Red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

[0127] A method for breeding grouper, comprising the following steps:

[0128] (1) Preparation of culture matrix: Sand and crushed soil were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 and then sterilized at high temperature (the temperature of high temperature sterilization was 180°C and the time of high temperature sterilization was 30 min) to obtain a sterilized matrix; the effective viable count was 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL of Rhodospirilla and the sterilized substrate are mixed and air-dried in a volume-mass ratio of 1 mL:50 g to obtain a culture substrate;

[0129] (2) Setting up a culture pond: Select a cement culture pond and disinfect the cement culture pond with potassium permanganate. After disinfection, lay the culture substrate and plastic mesh in step (1) with a thickness of 20 cm on the bottom of the culture pond in sequence, that is, use the plastic mesh as an attachment base to completely cover the culture substrate; then inject salt water with a salinity of 2.5% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days; then adjust the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, and obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings;

[0130] (3) Stocking: Stock healthy grouper fry into the breeding pond for breeding. The stocking rate of grouper fry is 100 / m 2 ; The water environment temperature in the breeding pond is maintained at 27°C and the dissolved oxygen is 7mg / L through the water quality circulation system; the grouper is fed with small fish twice a day, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-5% of the body weight of the grouper.

[0131] Application Example 1

[0132] The survival rate, yield and polysaccharide content of the sea grapes in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0133] Table 1 Production of sea grapes in different treatments

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-8, the sea grapes in Example 1-2 not only have a high survival rate, but also a high yield, and the polysaccharide content can reach up to 44.9%; while in Comparative Examples 1-8, the highest polysaccharide content is only 42.9%. In addition, combined with Comparative Example 8, it can be seen that when sea grapes are planted alone, not only the polysaccharide content is low, but also the survival rate is low. It can be seen that after the sea grapes and groupers are symbiotically cultivated, the activities of the groupers are not only conducive to preventing the overgrowth of other competitive algae, but also promote the decomposition of organic matter in the bottom mud, thereby increasing the yield of sea grapes.

[0137] Application Example 2

[0138] The survival rates of groupers after 3 weeks of culture in Examples 1-2, Comparative Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 9 were respectively counted, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0139] Table 2 Survival rate of grouper in different treatments

[0140] deal with Survival rate (%) Example 1 99.2％ Example 2 99％ Comparative Example 1 98％ Comparative Example 2 98.7％ Comparative Example 3 94.3％ Comparative Example 4 95.4％ Comparative Example 5 91.7％ Comparative Example 6 96.8％ Comparative Example 7 94.6％ Comparative Example 9 90.5％

[0141] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with Comparative Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 9, the survival rate of the grouper in Example 1-2 is as high as over 99%, while the survival rate of the grouper in the comparative example is only 98.7% at most; in particular, the survival rate of the grouper in Comparative Example 9 is only 90.5%. It can be seen that sea grapes help maintain a good water quality environment; the algae bed formed by it can not only provide a hiding place for grouper and reduce stress response, but also indirectly provide natural bait for grouper and promote its growth and development.

[0142] In summary, in the process of symbiotically planting grouper and sea grapes in the present invention, the sea grapes absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, while absorbing harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, which helps to maintain a good water quality environment; the algae bed formed by the sea grapes can not only provide a hiding place for the grouper and reduce stress response, but also indirectly provide natural bait for the grouper and promote its growth and development; the grouper will eat some algae and other microorganisms to prevent the over-reproduction of other competitive algae and maintain the dominant position of the sea grapes; in addition, the activities of the grouper can stir up the bottom sediment and promote the decomposition of organic matter in the bottom mud. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present invention can symbiotically cultivate sea grapes and grouper, which can not only improve the breeding efficiency, but also improve the water quality and reduce the incidence of diseases

[0143] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A symbiotic breeding method for sea grapes and grouper, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation of culture substrate: mixing sand and soil and sterilizing them at high temperature to obtain a sterilized substrate; The sterilized substrate is mixed with Rhodospirilla and then air-dried to obtain a culture substrate; Setting up a culture pond: laying the culture substrate and attachment base in the disinfected culture pond in sequence, injecting salt water with a salinity of 2.3% to 2.6% and a height of >1.5m into the culture pond for soaking for 2-3 days, and then adjusting the height of the salt water in the culture pond to <1.4m, to obtain a culture pond for placing seedlings; Stocking seedlings: healthy sea grape seedlings are stocked into the seedling stocking breeding pond for 4-5 days, and then grouper fry are stocked for symbiotic breeding; When the symbiotic cultivation is carried out, the water environment parameters in the culture pond include: temperature of 26-27° C., dissolved oxygen of 6-8 mg / L.

2. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of sea grape seedlings put in is 500-700 plants / m 2 ; The amount of grouper fry released is 75-100 / m 2 .

3. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of sand to soil is 4-5:1; The temperature of the high temperature sterilization is 150-180°C; the time of the high temperature sterilization is 30-40 minutes.

4. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of the sterilized substrate to the Rhodospirillum is 30-50 g: 0.5-1 mL; The effective viable bacteria count of Rhodospirillum is ≥ 0.5×10 6 cfu / mL.

5. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the culture substrate is laid flat, the thickness of the culture substrate is 15-25 cm.

6. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 7-10 days after the symbiotic cultivation, the first fertilization is carried out in the culture pond; the amount of the first fertilization includes: 30-35g / m of seaweed residue 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 5-8g / m 2 , potassium chloride 8~10g / m 2 and soybean meal 10-20g / m 2 .

7. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 35-42 days after the symbiotic cultivation, secondary fertilization is performed in the culture pond; the amount of the secondary fertilization includes: 54-56g / m of seaweed residue 2 , sodium dihydrogen phosphate 7-10g / m 2 , potassium chloride 12~15g / m 2 and soybean meal 10-20g / m 2 .

8. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of disinfecting the breeding pond is: using potassium permanganate to disinfect the breeding pond.

9. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the sea grape seedlings are cultured alone, the temperature of the water environment is 22-23° C., and the dissolved oxygen in the water environment is >6 mg / L.

10. The symbiotic breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouper is fed with small fishes.

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