Oscillating constant-temperature sterile automatic hatching system and hatching method suitable for opsariichthys bidens

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an oscillating constant-temperature sterile automatic hatching system and method suitable for opsariichthys bidens. The hatching system comprises a hatching and fry collecting device, the hatching and fry collecting device comprises a hatching area and a fry collecting area, a plurality of egg carrying baskets are arranged in the hatching area, a fry collecting box is arranged in the fry collecting area, the fry collecting box is connected with a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected with the hatching area through a flared flow guide cover; the hatching area is provided with an oscillation device for driving the egg carrying basket to oscillate; a water inlet is formed in the fry collecting area, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the hatching area, and the hatching fry collecting device is connected with a water circulation system through the water inlet and the water outlet; and a pipeline type auxiliary heating system is arranged on the water circulation system. By using the hatching system, the opsariichthys bidens fry can be continuously hatched and collected in the breeding season; and the hatching efficiency and the survival rate are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to an oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system and a hatching method suitable for black carp. Background Art

[0002] Opsariichthys bidens, scientific name of the fish, belongs to the genus Opsariichthys of the family Cyprinidae, order Cypriniformes, and is found in mountain streams, rivers, lakes and other waters across China. Opsariichthys bidens is a pelagic freshwater fish that prefers to live in mountain streams and rivers with fast currents, clear water and low water temperatures. It has a certain habit of upstream migration and will migrate to shallows and rapids upstream to lay eggs during the breeding season.

[0003] From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, as people's awareness of the nutritional value and economic value of the mackerel gradually increased, they began to try to artificially breed it. However, due to the limited understanding of the biological characteristics of mackerel and the immature breeding technology, it is mainly in the small-scale experimental breeding stage, with a relatively extensive breeding method and low yield. After entering the 21st century, with the continuous advancement of aquaculture technology and the in-depth research on mackerel, certain breakthroughs have been made in seed breeding, feed research and development, and breeding model innovation. Some regions have begun to adopt recirculating water aquaculture systems, pond ecological breeding and other models to improve breeding efficiency and output, while also paying more attention to the control of the breeding environment and the management of water quality. In recent years, in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi and other regions, the breeding of mackerel has gradually moved towards scale and industrialization. Although the breeding technology of mackerel has developed rapidly, the hatching technology of mackerel has not developed smoothly due to its uniqueness.

[0004] At present, the commonly used incubators for fish seedlings are mainly air-throwing and liquid-throwing incubators. This type of incubator drives the eggs and newly hatched fry to move back and forth through the air and water flow. During the air and water flow, sufficient oxygen is brought in to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water in the incubator is greater than 5mg*L -1 , while avoiding the accumulation of fish eggs and newly hatched fry. Currently, the commonly used incubators are hatching barrels and hatching pools. This type of container uses an air-throwing hatching mode with a hatching capacity of 300,000 to 500,000 fry per cubic meter of water, and a liquid-throwing mode can reach 600,000 to 800,000 fry per cubic meter of water.

[0005] However, commonly used incubators have the following disadvantages: 1. The movement of air and water currents drives the newly hatched fry to do somersaults, which is stressful for the fry with weak movement ability and those who tend to lurk at the bottom, resulting in a lower emergence rate of these fry; 2. Commonly used air-throwing and liquid-throwing incubators do not have the ability to collect fry. After the fry are hatched on a large scale, they need to be cleaned up. During this process, the fry that have emerged late and have weaker movements will be discarded along with the damaged egg membranes and eggs that have not been successfully hatched. The cleaning process itself is a process of hypoxia stress on the fry, which will inevitably cause stress to the newly hatched fry, affecting the cultivation of the newly hatched fry in the pond; 3. The commonly used air-throw and liquid-throw incubators need to clean the incubation area after an incubation cycle, that is, they need to be flushed and cleaned every 144 hours of work; 4. Since only airflow enters the air-throw incubator, it cannot effectively treat the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen produced when the fry emerge from the membrane. This is also the reason why the unit hatching capacity of the air-throw incubator is lower than that of the liquid-throw incubator. Under the same volume, the production capacity of the air-throw incubator is only 20~40% of that of the liquid-throw incubator. 5. Liquid-throw incubators require a continuous and stable flow of water. Therefore, this type of incubator first requires a high-quality water source that meets the needs of newly hatched fry, and secondly, a large-scale water storage and water treatment system is required to ensure the stability of water quality. Most of the water in the liquid-throw incubation system is limited to providing sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water. In the conventional 144-hour incubation process, only 48 hours are needed to dilute the sudden increase in ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the water.

[0006] Based on the above problems, the incubator for black carp needs to be improved and designed accordingly to meet the needs of current black carp farming. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the current incubator of black carp based on the corresponding problems raised by the above locks, provide an oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic incubation system suitable for black carp, and also provide a corresponding incubation method. The incubation system provided by the present invention utilizes the oscillation effect of the incubator to avoid the direct effect of gas and liquid in the air-throwing and liquid-throwing incubators on the newly hatched fry, thereby improving the survival rate of fry with weaker motor ability; adopts the water flow stimulation during diversion to guide the water flower seedlings with swimming ability to gather in the seedling collection area, thereby realizing the automatic collection of seedlings; adopts the circulating water working mode, and under the same incubation area volume, the water flower seedling production capacity reaches that of the liquid-throwing incubator.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp, the hatching system comprising a hatching and seedling collection device for hatching and collecting fish eggs, the hatching and seedling collection device having a storage space for accommodating water, the hatching and seedling collection device comprising a hatching area and a seedling collection area connected to each other, the hatching area being provided with a plurality of egg baskets for carrying fish eggs, and the hatching area being provided with an oscillating device driven by a swinging oscillation motor for driving the egg baskets to oscillate; the seedling collection area being provided with a seedling collection box for collecting hatched fry, the seedling collection box being provided with a connecting pipe connected to the side facing the hatching area, the connecting pipe being connected to the hatching area through a trumpet-shaped flow guide cover provided with a port connection; A water inlet is arranged at the seedling collection area, a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the hatching area, and the hatching seedling collection device is connected with a water circulation system through the water inlet and the drain outlet; a pipeline auxiliary heating system for constant temperature is arranged on the water circulation system.

[0009] The hatching system of the present invention adopts a shaking device to shake the egg-carrying basket to avoid the stacking and pressing of the fish eggs.

[0010] The water flows in from the seedling collection area and out from the hatching area, completing the exchange of dissolved oxygen and hatching impurities and playing the role of seedling collection.

[0011] Furthermore, the hatching area includes a main body, and a water collecting trough is arranged around the outer side of the main body which is not in contact with the seedling collecting area. A plurality of egg basket areas are arranged in the main body, and each egg basket area is provided with a hook for hanging an egg basket. The egg baskets are hung in the egg basket area of ​​the main body in a one-to-one correspondence through the hooks.

[0012] Furthermore, the swinging oscillation device includes several groups of turntables corresponding to the egg-carrying baskets and arranged relatively on the main body. The turntables are arranged on the main body, and a lever is connected between the two corresponding turntables. Both ends of the lever are eccentrically arranged on the turntable and located at the bottom of the egg-carrying basket. A baffle for cooperating with the lever is arranged at the bottom of the egg-carrying basket; and several groups of turntables are simultaneously connected to the swinging oscillation motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the water circulation system includes an electrolysis device, a microfiltration device, a biochemical pool, a disinfection and oxygenation device, and a water reservoir connected in series with the hatching and seedling collection device; the drain outlet of the hatching area is connected to the electrolysis device, and is connected to the microfiltration device, the disinfection and oxygenation device, and the water reservoir in sequence; the water reservoir is connected to the water inlet of the seedling collection area.

[0014] Furthermore, the water reservoir is provided with an ozone detector.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of aeration pipes are arranged at the bottom of the incubation area.

[0016] Furthermore, the egg-carrying basket body is an urn-shaped structure, which is small at the bottom, large in the middle, and has a closed top, and adopts a hollow structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the hollow hole of the egg basket is 0.8~1.2mm.

[0018] The present invention adopts an ozone-external ray system to complete oxygenation and sterilization, thereby improving the water environment conditions of the entire system.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The hatching system can be used to continuously hatch and collect the fry of the black carp during the breeding season. The oscillating hatching mode improves the spawning rate of the mackerel, especially the survival rate of the fry with weaker mobility. Through the stimulation of water flow during diversion, the water flower seedlings with swimming ability are guided to gather in the seedling collection area, thus realizing automatic collection of seedlings; The fry collection process can be automatically carried out according to the hatching conditions of the fish eggs, and will not interfere with the hatching of the fish eggs. It can not only improve the survival rate of the fish eggs, but also prevent the fish eggs from being affected by the outside world and thus affecting the quality of the fry. The incubation process is a continuous and automatic process and there is no need to flush or clean the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hatching system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling hatching and collecting device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seedling hatching and collecting device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the incubation area of ​​the seedling incubation and collecting device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the hatching area and the seedling collecting area of ​​the hatching and seedling collecting device of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 hatching and seedling collecting device, 100 hatching area, 101 egg basket, 102 drain outlet, 103 water collecting trough, 104 hook, 105 turntable, 106 lever, 107 baffle, 200 seedling collecting area, 201 seedling collecting box, 202 connecting pipe, 203 guide cover, 204 water inlet, 2 water circulation system, 21 pipeline auxiliary heating system, 22 electrolysis device, 23 microfiltration device, 24 biochemical pool, 25 disinfection and oxygenation device, 26 water reservoir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific embodiments will now be further refined. It should be understood that the following description is not intended to limit the embodiments to a preferred embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents that may be included in the essence and scope of the embodiments defined by the appended claims.

[0027] Based on the technical problems existing in the current hatching of black carp, the applicant has designed an oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp.

[0028] The hatching system comprises a hatching and collecting device 1 for hatching and collecting fish eggs, such as Figure 1 As shown, the seedling hatching and collecting device 1 is connected to a water circulation system 2 via a water inlet 204 and a drain outlet 102 .

[0029] like Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, the hatching and seedling collecting device 1 has a accommodating space for accommodating water, and the hatching and seedling collecting device 1 includes a hatching area 100 and a seedling collecting area 200 connected to each other, the hatching area 100 is provided with a plurality of egg baskets 101 for carrying fish eggs, and the hatching area 100 is provided with a swinging and oscillating device driven by a swinging and oscillating motor for driving the egg baskets 101 to swing and oscillate; the seedling collecting area 200 is provided with a seedling collecting box 201 for collecting hatched fry, and the seedling collecting box 201 is connected with a connecting pipe 202 on one side facing the hatching area 100, and the connecting pipe 202 is connected to the hatching area 100 through a trumpet-shaped flow guide cover 203 connected with the port; the connection surface of the hatching area 100 and the seedling collecting area 200 is provided with a hollow gap structure except the flow guide cover 203, and the size of the hollow hole is 1-2 mm.

[0030] A water inlet 204 is provided at the seedling collection area 200, and a drain outlet 102 is provided at the bottom of the hatching area 100. The hatching and seedling collection device 1 is connected to a water circulation system 2 through the water inlet 204 and the drain outlet 102; the water circulation system 2 is provided with a pipeline auxiliary heating system 21 for constant temperature.

[0031] The hatching area 100 includes a main body, and a water collecting trough 103 is arranged around the outer side of the main body which is not in contact with the seedling collecting area 200. A plurality of egg basket areas are arranged in the main body, and each egg basket area is provided with a hook 104 for hanging the egg basket 101. The egg basket 101 is hung in the egg basket area of ​​the main body through the hook 104 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0032] A drain port 102 is provided at the bottom of the hatching area 100. The swing oscillation device comprises a plurality of groups of turntables 105 corresponding to the egg baskets 101 and arranged on the body in a relative manner, the turntables 105 are arranged on the body, a lever 106 is connected between two corresponding turntables 105, both ends of the lever 106 are eccentrically arranged on the turntable 105 and located at the bottom of the egg basket 101, and a baffle 107 for cooperating with the lever 106 is arranged at the bottom of the egg basket 101; and the plurality of groups of turntables 105 are simultaneously connected to the swing oscillation motor in a transmission manner.

[0033] A seedling collection box 201 is provided in the seedling collection area 200, and the seedling collection box 201 is connected to a connecting pipe 202, and the connecting pipe 202 is connected to the hatching area 100 through a trumpet-shaped flow guide cover 203; the hatching area 100 is provided with an oscillation device for driving the egg basket 101 to oscillate; the seedling collection area 200 is provided with a water inlet 204.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the hatching and seedling collecting device 1 is connected to a water circulation system 2 through a water inlet 204 and a drain 102; the water circulation system 2 includes an electrolysis device 22, a microfiltration device 23, a biochemical pool 24, a disinfection and oxygenation device 25, and a water reservoir 26 connected in series with the hatching and seedling collecting device 1; the drain 102 of the hatching area 100 is connected to the electrolysis device 22, and is sequentially connected to the microfiltration device 23, the disinfection and oxygenation device 25, and the water reservoir 26; the water reservoir 26 is connected to the water inlet 204 of the seedling collecting area 200. The water reservoir 26 is provided with an ozone detector, and a pipeline auxiliary heating system 21 is provided on the water circulation system 2.

[0035] In water circulation system 2: The electrolysis device 22 is used to stabilize the pH value of the incubation water to avoid acidification; The microfiltration device 23, which uses a microfiltration machine with a 200-mesh stainless steel mesh, is mainly used to filter various organic matter produced during the seedling hatching process; The biochemical pool 24 uses nitrification to treat ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen produced during the hatching process of the seedlings. The volume of the biochemical pool 24 needs to be twice the total volume of the water body in the hatching area 100; The disinfection and oxygenation device 25 adopts ozone-ultraviolet disinfection and oxygenation, and uses ozone to sterilize and oxygenate the water body, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body is stabilized at 5mg*L-1~8mg*L-1, and a secondary disinfection is carried out through the ultraviolet lamp; A water reservoir 26, used to maintain the stability of water flow; Pipeline electric auxiliary heating system for constant hatching tank water temperature.

[0036] The hatching area 100 and the seedling collection area 200 are integrated structures, and the two areas are connected by a bell-mouthed flow guide cover 203. The hatching area 100 is 8000mm*5000mm*1000mm in length, width and height, and is embedded with a 300mm high pore size 0.18mm polyethylene mesh, and is connected to a 50mm*450mm wide and high flow guide groove on the outside. Three microporous aeration pipes are buried horizontally at the bottom of the pool wall side of the hatching area 100.

[0037] The hatching area 100 is equipped with an external low-speed motor as an oscillating motor, which guides the egg basket 101 to swing longitudinally at a frequency of 0.2 Hz by toggling the pool wall turntable 105 through the transmission shaft. The bell-mouthed air guide cover 203 is made of PPR or 316L stainless steel, with a diameter of 150 mm. The tail end is fitted with the hatching area 100 and is connected to the net cage of the seedling collection pool through threads or flanges.

[0038] The length, width and height of the seedling collection area 200 are 3000mm*5000mm*900mm. A water inlet pipe with a diameter of DN50 is connected to the pool wall, and a water outlet is set 500mm from the bottom. A net cage made of polyethylene mesh with an aperture of 0.12mm is built in the hatching area 100. The specifications of the net cage are 1000mm*600mm*300mm. A diversion pipe made of the same material as the net cage is extended from the net cage and connected to the trumpet mouth.

[0039] Regarding the specific structure of the oscillation device of the system, the oscillation device includes several groups of turntables 105 arranged relatively on the main body, a lever 106 is connected between two corresponding turntables 105, and both ends of the lever 106 are eccentrically arranged on the turntable 105; several groups of turntables 105 are simultaneously connected to the oscillation motor transmission.

[0040] The method for hatching the carp using the above-mentioned hatching system comprises the following steps: Step 1, transfers the fish eggs of the freshly fertilized and debonded Carcharhinus bream into the egg-carrying basket 101 of the hatching area 100 with an egg-carrying device; Carcharhinus bream egg weighing spoon, adopts 316L stainless steel, caliber 51mm high 45mm, and the bottom is welded with 20 mesh screens of the same material by flange; Egg-carrying basket 101, basket body is an urn-shaped structure, bottom length and width are 580mm*360mm, middle length and width are 950mm*600mm, urn mouth length and width are 900mm*550mm, urn body is 200mm high, hollow design, aperture 0.8~1.2mm, bottom longitudinally has a baffle 107 of 50mm high, and urn body has hooks on both sides horizontally, which can be hung on the hatching pool; Step 2, start the water circulation system 2, in which the ozone concentration in the monitoring water reservoir 26 is lower than 0.01 mg / L, At the same time, the water temperature in the hatching area 100 and the seedling collection area 200 was monitored at 24-26°C and the dissolved oxygen was 5 mg*L -1 ~8mg*L -1, ammonia nitrogen: 0~0.2mg*L -1 , nitrite nitrogen is 0~0.02mg*L -1 ; Step 3, observe the hatching status of fish eggs, wait until the newly hatched seedlings can swim horizontally and collect in the seedling collection box 201 against the water, close the net cage to collect the seedlings, which are now water flower seedlings and can be transferred to the next stage of breeding.

[0041] Based on this system, artificial breeding of black carp was carried out in the hatchery workshop of Deqing Haoyuan Aquatic Seed Co., Ltd. in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province from April 16 to 24, 2024.

[0042] In the artificial breeding process, first, female parents were selected with a size of 22.4-47.1g and male parents with a size of 36.4-78.6g, and artificial induction of spawning was carried out in two batches. On April 16, 280kg of spawning was induced, 16 million eggs were laid, and 11 million water flower seedlings were collected; on April 18, 330kg of spawning was induced, 21 million eggs were laid, and 13.45 million water flower seedlings were collected.

[0043] The following is a table showing the production efficiency of the artificial breeding of black carp. date Oxygenation rate% Fertilization rate% Hatching rate% Female fish production efficiency % The number of water lily seedlings is 10,000 2024.4.16 85.13 80.62 85.31 13915 1100 2024.4.18 84.23 84.17 76.12 12524 1345

[0044] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that certain modifications, combinations and variations can be made based on the above teachings.

Claims

1. An oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp, characterized in that: The hatching system comprises a hatching and seedling collecting device (1) for hatching and collecting fish eggs, the hatching and seedling collecting device (1) having a storage space for storing water, the hatching and seedling collecting device (1) comprising a hatching area (100) and a seedling collecting area (200) connected to each other, the hatching area (100) being provided with a plurality of egg baskets (101) for carrying fish eggs, and the hatching area (100) being provided with a swinging and oscillating device driven by a swinging and oscillating motor for driving the egg baskets (101) to swing and oscillate; the seedling collecting area (200) being provided with a seedling collecting box (201) for collecting hatched fish fry, the seedling collecting box (201) being provided with a connecting pipe (202) on a side facing the hatching area (100), the connecting pipe (202) being connected to the hatching area (100) via a trumpet-shaped flow guide cover (203) provided via a port connection; A water inlet (204) is provided at the seedling collection area (200), a drain outlet (102) is provided at the bottom of the incubation area (100), and the incubation and seedling collection device (1) is connected to a water circulation system (2) via the water inlet (204) and the drain outlet (102); a pipeline-type auxiliary heating system (21) for maintaining a constant temperature is provided on the water circulation system (2).

2. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hatching area (100) comprises a main body, wherein a water collecting tank (103) is arranged around the outer side of the main body which is not in contact with the seedling collecting area (200), and a plurality of egg basket areas are arranged in the main body, each egg basket area is provided with a hook (104) for hanging an egg basket (101), and the egg baskets (101) are hung in a one-to-one correspondence at the egg basket area of ​​the main body via the hooks (104).

3. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing oscillation device comprises a plurality of groups of turntables (105) corresponding to the egg-carrying baskets (101) and arranged on the body in a relative manner. The turntables (105) are arranged on the body, a lever (106) is connected between two corresponding turntables (105), both ends of the lever (106) are eccentrically arranged on the turntable (105) and located at the bottom of the egg-carrying basket (101), and a baffle (107) for cooperating with the lever (106) is arranged at the bottom of the egg-carrying basket (101); and the plurality of groups of turntables (105) are simultaneously connected to the swing oscillation motor in a transmission manner.

4. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation system (2) comprises an electrolysis device (22), a microfiltration device (23), a biochemical pool (24), a disinfection and oxygenation device (25), and a water reservoir (26) which are connected in series with the incubation and seedling collection device (1); the drainage outlet (102) of the incubation area (100) is connected to the electrolysis device (22), and is connected in sequence to the microfiltration device (23), the disinfection and oxygenation device (25), and the water reservoir (26); the water reservoir (26) is connected to the water inlet (204) of the seedling collection area (200).

5. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water reservoir (26) is provided with an ozone monitor.

6. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of aeration pipes are arranged at the bottom of the hatching area (100).

7. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system suitable for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the egg-carrying basket (101) is an urn-shaped structure, with a small bottom, a large middle, a closed top, and a hollow structure.

8. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the hollow hole of the egg-carrying basket (101) is 0.8-1.2 mm.

9. The oscillating constant temperature sterile automatic hatching system for black carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection surface between the incubation area (100) and the seedling collection area (200) is provided with a hollow gap structure except for the guide cover (203), and the size of the hollow hole is 1-2 mm.

10. A method for hatching carp using the hatching system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, using an egg measuring device to transfer the eggs of the freshly fertilized and debonded horsemouth fish into an egg-carrying basket (101) in the hatching area (100); Step 2, start the water circulation system (2), monitor the ozone concentration in the water storage tank (26) in the water circulation system (2) to be less than 0.01 mg / L, At the same time, the water temperature in the hatching area (100) and the seedling collection area (200) was monitored at 24-26°C and the dissolved oxygen was 5 mg*L -1 ~8mg*L -1 , ammonia nitrogen: 0~0.2mg*L -1 , nitrite nitrogen is 0~0.02mg*L -1 ; Step 3, observe the hatching status of the fish eggs, and after the newly hatched seedlings can swim horizontally and collect in the seedling collection box (201), close the net cage to collect the seedlings, which are now water flower seedlings and can be transferred to the next stage of breeding.

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